Cichliden Von a Bis Z

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cichliden Von a Bis Z Cichliden von A bis Z Chalinochromis cyanophleps KULLANDER, KARLSSON, KARLSSON & NORÉN, 2014 Magara in Burundi und der von Chali- nochromis popelini Brichard 1989 bei Moba an der kongolesischen West- küste. Es sind jedoch zwei weitere, bisher un- beschriebene Arten bekannt: Chalino- chromis sp. „Ndobhoi” aus der Umgebung von Karilani Island und Bulu Point trägt auf dem Körper zwei Längsreihen länglicher dunkler Fle- cken. Die Verbreitung dieses Buntbar- sches erstreckt sich an der tansanischen Ostküste von Katumba Point bis etwas nördlich des Lubulungu River. Chali- nochromis sp. „bifrenatus“ ist weiter südlich verbreitet und hat ebenso wie Chalinochromis popelini zwei dunkle Längsstreifen auf den Körperseiten, Chalinochromis cyanophleps bei Namansi, dem Typusfundort, in einer Tiefe von acht Metern. aber im Unterschied zu jener Art keine (Unterwasserfoto: M. Karlsson) zweizipfelige, sondern eine rundliche Synonyme: keine; vor ihrer taxonomi- Ersteinfuhr: Chalinochromis cya- bis gestutzte Schwanzflosse, keinen schen Bearbeitung wurde die Art als nophleps wurde bisher nicht als Aqua- Schwanzwurzelfleck und keinen dritten Chalinochromis sp. “blue vein” be- riumfisch nach Deutschland importiert. dunklen Längsstreifen am Grund der zeichnet, und KONINGS (1998: S. 104, Rückenflosse. Diese Art ist im Südos- Abb. 6-7) identifizierte sie irrtümlich Typusmaterial: fünf adulte Männchen ten des Sees zwischen den der Ort- als Chalinochromis popelini. und vier Weibchen mit Standardlängen schaft Kipili vorgelagerten Inseln und zwischen 103.3 und 129 Millimeter. der Umgebung des Dorfes Lusekese in Etymologie: Gattungsname: chalino der Kala Bay verbreitet, wo sie - teil- (gr.) = Zügel; Chromis galt früher auf- Typusfundort: Zentrale Ostküste des weise syntop - mit Chalinochromis grund einer Fehldefinition als Gattung Tanganjikasees (Tanzania, Rukwa Re- cyanophleps vorkommt. der Chromiden (veralteter Name für gion, Nkansi District) bei der Ortschaft Buntbarsche), ist aber heute eine Gat- Namansi (7°37’15“S, 30°39’24“O) in Kennzeichen: Chalinochromis cya- tung der marinen Riffbarsche (Poma- einer Tiefe zwischen fünf und zehn nophleps unterscheidet sich von allen centridae). Artname: cyano (gr.) = blau, Meter. anderen Chalinochromis-Arten unter phleps (gr.) = Ader, Blutgefäß; bezieht anderem durch die Größe, den einfar- sich auf die auffällige blaue Linie unter Verwandtschaft: Obwohl die Gattung big dunkelbraunen oder dunkelgrauen dem Auge. klein und übersichtlich ist, gibt es bei Körper, auf dem es weder dunkle der Benennung und Bestimmung der Längsstreifen noch Flecken gibt, das Erstbeschreibung: KULLANDER, S. O., Arten dennoch Probleme. Neben dem Fehlen von schwarzen Streifen in der M. KARLSSON, M. KARLSSON & M. jetzt neu beschriebenen Cichliden ent- Kopfregion, deutlich schmalere, weni- NORÉN (2014): hält die Gattung Chalinochromis POLL, ger warzige Lippen, dreispitzige innere Chalinochromis cyanophleps, a new 1974 gegenwärtig nur noch zwei wei- Zähne, eine teilweise kräftig orange- species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: tere taxonomisch bearbeitete Arten: gelbe Iris, einen intensiv blau glänzen- Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika. Der Typusfundort von Chalinochromis den Streifen unter dem Auge und eine Zootaxa 3790 (3): 425–438. brichardi POLL, 1974 liegt im Nord- durch helle Tüpfeln gemusterte Rü- osten des Sees in der Umgebung von cken- und Schwanzflosse. 10 DCG-Informationen 46 (1): 10-11 Größe: Mit einer maximalen Gesamt- Grundelbuntbarschen sollte die Seiten- länge von 18 Zentimeter ist Chalino- länge des Aquariums in etwa andert- chromis cyanophleps der größte halb Meter betragen. Vertreter der Gattung.. Die Einrichtung eines biotopähnlichen Aquariums besteht aus Steinplatten und Verbreitung und Ökologie: Typus- Felsbrocken, zwischen denen es enge fundort ist das Dorf Namansi an dem Spalten gibt, die den Fischen als Brut- zu Tansania gehörenden Teil des Tan- höhlen und Zufluchtsstätten dienen. Als ganjikasees (7°37’15“S, 30°39’24“O). Bodengrund sollte Sand verwendet Das bisher bekannte Vorkommen der werden. Für eine Bepflanzung sind ins- Chalinochromis brichardi POLL, 1974 ist der be- neuen Art erstreckt sich über einen un- besondere Wasserpflanzen geeignet, kannteste Cichlide aus der Gattung. gefähr neunzig Kilometer langen Küs- die entweder einen niedrigen Wuchs tenstreifen zwischen der bei der haben oder auf der Felsendekoration Ortschaft Kipili gelegenen Mvuna Insel des Aquariums festwachsen. im Norden und der Kala Bay und Ka- Die Fische sind Kleinbrockenfresser, lala Insel im Süden. Fundorte sind die sich im natürlichen Lebensraum Mvuna, Lupita, Ulwile, Kisi Island, Lu- von Insektenlarven, Schnecken und pote Rocks, Kashia Island, Yamsamba kleinen Krebsen ernähren. Ideale Fut- Island, Lwilwi Island, Kauchi Island, termittel sind deshalb Wasserflöhe und Semwe Rocks, Popo Rocks und Fulwe Weiße Mückenlarven. Flockenfutter Rocks. wird jedoch ebenfalls problemlos ge- Die Verbreitung von Chalinochromis fressen. Chalinochromis sp. „bifrenatus“, eine noch un- cyanophleps ist auf felsige Küstenab- beschrieben Art vom Ostufer, hat ebenso wie schnitte beschränkt, an denen die Fi- Fortpflanzung und Zucht: Die Fische Chalinochromis popelini zwei dunkle Längs- sche von den Brüdern KARLSSON sind spezialisierte Höhlenbrüter, die streifen auf den Körperseiten, aber im Unter- schied zu jener Art eine abgerundete einzeln oder in Paaren in Tiefen zwi- Eier und Larven meist an der Höhlen- Schwanzflosse, keinen Schwanzwurzelfleck schen 6 und 45 Meter angetroffen wur- decke ankleben. Die Geschlechter las- und keinen dritten dunklen Längsstreifen am den. Die Art lebt in Felsspalten und sen sich nur an der unterschiedlich Grund der Rückenflosse. Höhlen, an deren Decken sie sich oft geformten Genitalpapille mit Sicherheit mit dem Bauch nach oben aufhält. In bestimmen. Die Brut wird von allen diesen Habitaten wurden sie häufig zu- Chalinochromis-Arten in einer Eltern- sammen mit Julidochromis regani und familie versorgt und verteidigt. Paracyprichromis nigripinnis beobach- Bei Temperaturen um 25 Grad schlüp- tet. fen die Larven nach ungefähr drei Tagen. Bis der Dottervorrat endgültig Pflege im Aquarium: Wenn man bei aufgezehrt ist, hängen sie mit Hilfe der Pflege einige Eigentümlichkeiten ihrer am Kopf befindlichen Klebedrü- des Verhaltens berücksichtigt, sind sen noch sechs oder sieben weitere Chalinochromis-Arten ideale Aquari- Tage an den Wänden der Bruthöhle. Chalinochromis sp. „Ndobhoi“ aus der Umge- umfische. Allerdings können sie gegen- Wenn sich die Jungfische vom Substrat bung von Karilani Island und Bulu Point trägt über Artgenossen recht aggressiv sein, lösen, sind sie noch recht winzig. Sie auf dem Körper im Unterschied zu allen anderen Arten zwei Längsreihen länglicher dunkler Fle- wodurch sich das Zusammenstellen bilden keinen Schwarm, der von den cken. von harmonierenden Paaren als Eltern geführt wird, sondern werden schwierig erweist. durch ihre Bindung an ihr Brutrevier Sauberes mittelhartes bis hartes Wasser zusammengehalten, dessen unmittel- (Gesamthärte zwischen 7 und 20 °dH), bare Umgebung sie während der ersten das eine alkalische Reaktion besitzt 14 Tage nicht verlassen. Die Art ist bei (pH-Werte von 7 bis 9.5), und Tempe- der Fortpflanzung nicht produktiv. raturen um 25 °Celsius bilden für die Fische ideale Lebensbedingungen. Die Text und Fotos: Wolfgang Staeck. Pflege eines gut harmonierenden Paa- res ist in Aquarien ab einer Länge von einem knappen Meter möglich. Für die Literatur Chalinochromis popelini Brichard 1989 wurde Haltung im Gesellschaftsaquarium zu- KONINGS, A. (1998): Tanganyika cichlids in aus der Umgebung von Moba an der kongolesi- sammen mit Julidochromis-, Telmato- their natural habitat. Cichlid Press, El Paso, 272 schen Westküste beschrieben. chromis-, Neolamprologus-Arten oder pp. DCG-Informationen 46 (1): 10-11 11.
Recommended publications
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Models of Speciation 1.0Cm Modelos Espaciais De Especiação
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA SPATIAL MODELS OF SPECIATION MODELOS ESPACIAIS DE ESPECIAÇÃO CAMPINAS 2019 CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA SPATIAL MODELS OF SPECIATION MODELOS ESPACIAIS DE ESPECIAÇÃO Thesis presented to the Institute of Biology of the University of Campinas in partial fulfill- ment of the requirements for the degree of Doc- tor in Ecology Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Ecologia Orientador: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA TESE DEFENDIDA PELA ALUNA CAROLINA LEMES NASCIMENTO COSTA, E ORIENTADA PELO PROF DR. MAR- CUS ALOIZIO MARTINEZ DE AGUIAR. CAMPINAS 2019 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Costa, Carolina Lemes Nascimento, 1989- C823s CosSpatial models of speciation / Carolina Lemes Nascimento Costa. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2019. CosOrientador: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar. CosTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. Cos1. Especiação. 2. Radiação adaptativa (Evolução). 3. Modelos biológicos. 4. Padrão espacial. 5. Macroevolução. I. Aguiar, Marcus Aloizio Martinez de, 1960-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Modelos espaciais de especiação Palavras-chave em inglês: Speciation Adaptive radiation (Evolution) Biological models Spatial pattern Macroevolution Área de concentração: Ecologia Titulação: Doutora em Ecologia Banca examinadora: Marcus Aloizio Martinez de Aguiar [Orientador] Mathias Mistretta Pires Sabrina Borges Lino Araujo Rodrigo André Caetano Gustavo Burin Ferreira Data de defesa: 25-02-2019 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ecologia Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Comissão Examinadora: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Out of Lake Tanganyika: Endemic Lake Fishes Inhabit Rapids of the Lukuga River
    355 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 355-376, 5 figs., 3 tabs., December 2011 © 2011 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 0936-9902 Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River Sven O. Kullander* and Tyson R. Roberts** The Lukuga River is a large permanent river intermittently serving as the only effluent of Lake Tanganyika. For at least the first one hundred km its water is almost pure lake water. Seventy-seven species of fish were collected from six localities along the Lukuga River. Species of cichlids, cyprinids, and clupeids otherwise known only from Lake Tanganyika were identified from rapids in the Lukuga River at Niemba, 100 km from the lake, whereas downstream localities represent a Congo River fish fauna. Cichlid species from Niemba include special- ized algal browsers that also occur in the lake (Simochromis babaulti, S. diagramma) and one invertebrate picker representing a new species of a genus (Tanganicodus) otherwise only known from the lake. Other fish species from Niemba include an abundant species of clupeid, Stolothrissa tanganicae, otherwise only known from Lake Tangan- yika that has a pelagic mode of life in the lake. These species demonstrate that their adaptations are not neces- sarily dependent upon the lake habitat. Other endemic taxa occurring at Niemba are known to frequent vegetat- ed shore habitats or river mouths similar to the conditions at the entrance of the Lukuga, viz. Chelaethiops minutus (Cyprinidae), Lates mariae (Latidae), Mastacembelus cunningtoni (Mastacembelidae), Astatotilapia burtoni, Ctenochromis horei, Telmatochromis dhonti, and Tylochromis polylepis (Cichlidae). The Lukuga frequently did not serve as an ef- fluent due to weed masses and sand bars building up at the exit, and low water levels of Lake Tanganyika.
    [Show full text]
  • Caulfield Aquarium
    , " CAULFIELD CICHLID CENTRE AT THE CAULFIELD AQUARIUM 10 DERBY RD, EAST CAULFIELD 211-9820 Victoria's leader for rare and beautiful true-stain bred CICHLIDS TANKS: custom made on premises, glass or acrylic, any size. Discount to V.C.S members, (bring your current membership card.) LIVE AND FROZ~N FOOD ALWAYS AVAILABLE OPEN - 7 Days a week. hours: weekdays ­ 10·30 - 7 ·00 pm. weekends ­ g·OO -6 ·00 pm. September 1984 Vol 13 No 6 T e i hlid Month Y The CJ...c.hU..d Mof'l..thly J.i:, pubLUhed mot1.t:hf..y by THE VICTORI~V CrCHLIV SOCIETY. Cj- 23 Mangana V~ve, Mu1.;::jJUl.ve, v.i.c:toJr...ia, ALut:Jta.U.a.. 3170 • •*••***~*.*.**••••*.*.****••••**•• *.**.~.******* ••** ****~****.*************************~********* Edit~d by KEVIN ARCHIBALD MJ.>~:te.d by MIANDA GENOVESE. COMMITTEE FOR 1984 pJt.e-6-i.de.nL DANNY GENOVESE Phon.e. 527 2546 Se.c.Jt.e.J"..JJJty. GRAHAM ROWE /I 560 7472 TJt.ecu> uJi..~. KEITH PATFORD " 714 2425 V-i.ce P!'~e-6A.-dVLt JOHN McCORMICK /I C59-h43502 Show Se.C}lIu.aJUj• DON OLNEY /I '726-0138 T!'~acUng Table.. Stv,IJCtJt.d. STEVE BUTCHER " 546 9568 So c.J..a..t Se..cJte;taJty • AMANDA GENOVESE IP 527 2546 Ub:WJUfl.n.. ROY HUGHES 726- 0057 Ed.-J:o!'~. KEVIN ARCHIBALD Ir 7915479 Comm a.:t laAg e... MARTON HARTLEY GEOfF GUNN 470 5660 SCOTT HAYMES JOHN EMANUEL fJ 598 0262 LIFE MEMBERS ••••••.• HEINZE STAUDE GRAHAM ROWE KEVIN ARCHIBALD. ** ••********************************* The. C-i.dl1..{..d Monthty .iA Re..g.iA:te.Jt.e.d by A/.L6:tJta1.,{,a.
    [Show full text]
  • Testing the Potential of Environmental DNA Methods for Surveying Lake Tanganyika's Highly Diverse Fish Communities Christopher J
    Testing the potential of environmental DNA methods for surveying Lake Tanganyika's highly diverse fish communities Christopher James Doble A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment University College London April 2020 1 Declaration I, Christopher James Doble, confirm the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm this has been indicated in the thesis. Christopher James Doble Date: 27/04/2020 2 Statement of authorship I planned and undertook fieldwork to the Kigoma region of Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania in 2016 and 2017. This included obtaining research permits, collecting environmental DNA samples and undertaking fish community visual survey data used in Chapters three and four. For Chapter two, cichlid reference database sequences were sequenced by Walter Salzburger’s research group at the University of Basel. I extracted required regions from mitochondrial genome alignments during a visit to Walter’s research group. Other reference sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing. I undertook the DNA extractions and PCR amplifications for all samples, with the clean-up and sequencing undertaken by the UCL Sequencing facility. I undertook the method development, DNA extractions, PCR amplifications and library preparations for each of the next generation sequencing runs in Chapters three and four at the NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility Sheffield. Following training by Helen Hipperson at the NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility in Sheffield, I undertook the bioinformatic analysis of sequence data in Chapters three and four. I also carried out all the data analysis within each chapter. Chapters two, three and parts of four have formed a manuscript recently published in Environmental DNA (Doble et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Resources of Lake Tanganyika Sardines Metabarcoding of the Stomach Content of Limnothrissa Miodon and Stolothrissa Tanganicae
    FACULTY OF SCIENCE Food resources of Lake Tanganyika sardines Metabarcoding of the stomach content of Limnothrissa miodon and Stolothrissa tanganicae Charlotte HUYGHE Supervisor: Prof. F. Volckaert Thesis presented in Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics fulfillment of the requirements Mentor: E. De Keyzer for the degree of Master of Science Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary in Biology Genomics Academic year 2018-2019 © Copyright by KU Leuven Without written permission of the promotors and the authors it is forbidden to reproduce or adapt in any form or by any means any part of this publication. Requests for obtaining the right to reproduce or utilize parts of this publication should be addressed to KU Leuven, Faculteit Wetenschappen, Geel Huis, Kasteelpark Arenberg 11 bus 2100, 3001 Leuven (Heverlee), Telephone +32 16 32 14 01. A written permission of the promotor is also required to use the methods, products, schematics and programs described in this work for industrial or commercial use, and for submitting this publication in scientific contests. i ii Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to thank my promotor Filip for giving me this opportunity and guiding me through the thesis. A very special thanks to my supervisor Els for helping and guiding me during every aspect of my thesis, from the sampling nights in the middle of Lake Tanganyika to the last review of my master thesis. Also a special thanks to Franz who helped me during the lab work and statistics but also guided me throughout the thesis. I am very grateful for all your help and advice during the past year.
    [Show full text]
  • Maarten VAN STEENBERGE 1,2*#, Maarten P.M. VANHOVE 1,2
    ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2011) 41 (3): 201–214 DOI: 10.3750/AIP2011.41.3.08 A RECENT INVENTORY OF THE FISHES OF THE NORTH-WESTERN AND CENTRAL WESTERN COAST OF LAKE TANGANYIKA (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC CONGO) Maarten VAN STEENBERGE 1,2*# , Maarten P.M. VANHOVE 1,2# , Donatien MUZUMANI RISASI 3, Théophile MULIMBWA N’SIBULA 3, Fidel MUTEREZI BUKINGA 3, Antoine PARISELLE 4, Céline GILLARDIN 2, Emmanuel VREVEN 1, Joost A.M. RAEYMAEKERS 2, Tine HUYSE 2, Filip A.M. VOLCKAERT 2, Venant NSHOMBO MUDERHWA 3, and Jos SNOEKS 1,2 1 Ichthyology Unit, African Zoology Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080, Tervuren, Belgium 2 Laboratory of Animal Diversity and Systematics, Department of Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium 3 Section de Zoologie, Département de Biologie, Centre de Recherche en Hydrobiologie, B.P. 73, Uvira, Democratic Republic Congo. Via B.P. 254 Bujumbura, Burundi 4 ISE-M, UMR5554 CNRS, UR226 IRD, Université Montpellier II – CC 063, F-34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France Van Steenberge M., Vanhove M.P.M., Muzumani Risasi D., Mulimbwa N’sibula T., Muterezi Bukinga F., Pariselle A., Gillardin C., Vreven E., Raeymaekers J.A.M., Huyse T., Volckaert F.A.M., Nshombo Muderhwa V., Snoeks J. 2011. A recent inventory of the fishes of the north-western and central west - ern coast of Lake Tanganyika (Democratic Republic Congo). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 41 (3): 201–214. Background. Despite the importance of Lake Tanganyika’s biodiversity for science and the livelihoods of the riparian people, high-resolution surveys of the fish biodiversity are sparse and fragmentary, especially along the western (Congolese) shoreline.
    [Show full text]
  • Cichlasoma Synspilum
    :s: '0 ~ I~y 'd --' ""c.rd 1\1 'ch «:: TOTAL TROPICAL I r PREMIUM FLAKE FOOD I li\!41j>O ~Q'-E.'i ~ ~~_E.'i""i." ~OLEy <v ~...c... R,S' >- .::,.'?" O~\l'JI'-R'" V" 0 ~~h<:)""'",,_ ~ tv ~<:)~ w/>-~ <v-{ ~ ~l'Qr ~lz.. '1._9" ~., ~~<;;, 9: -V'sl't~V lA. ~ <" a' ~ ., 'V-'1J9~ ).- r- ,~'-~ <f~y m 'f ~\;~~~~ '( . ffIlV4f;~ ~Y.l..5:)\..'i:. ~ ~\:<-~~~ W4RO>l'~ ?~"N' ..... <"l~J."~}~ > \~ .' ;~/ .. TOTAL TROPICAL Wardley Total Tropical is the ulti­ mate freshwater flake food, created to provide an extraordinary diet that considers not only your fishes ~\ health of today, but their nutritional needs for tomorrow. Better meta­ , bolic responses, faster attraction to the food, brilliant color and im­ proved overall health and vitality are only a few of the benefits of ~~~,~ feeding Total Tropical as your ..~.. everyday staple food. Total Tropi­ cal begins where all other staple foods leave off. QUALITY PRODUCTS FOR THE AUSTRALIAN FISH KEEPER Volume 22, #3, June 1993 AUSTRALIA'S PREMIER BRAND $1 1\vJ~@fi'!l~1ii1 ~O©[)\)OO@] @@©o@U'W O~U@@l REGISTERED BY AUSTRALIA POST - PUBLICATION NO. VBH0291. CATEGORY B. ! 1 Contents: THE NEW Cichlid Scene .. .. .. .. .. 2 Editorial .. 3 RAVONNE AQUARIUM Rowemin' 'Round .. 5 Observations of Breeding Behavior: 712 Plenty Rd, Reservoir - 478 6614 Cichlasoma synspilum .. 6-9 Allowable Import List .. .. .. .. .. .. 11 Now Melbourne's LARGEST RANGE of It's a Jungle in There .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12-14 The Amateur Ichthyologist - Notes on Feeding Fry .. 15-16 Tropical and Coldwater fish. An Introduction to Cichlasoma .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 19-22 Table Show Results ........ 23 CICHLIDS - over 100 SPECIES of Table Show Calendar.
    [Show full text]
  • Testing Conjectures About Morphological Diversity in Cichlids of Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika
    Copeia, 2005(2), pp. 359±373 Testing Conjectures about Morphological Diversity in Cichlids of Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika PROSANTA CHAKRABARTY The morphological diversity of Malawi and Tanganyika cichlids has often been qualitatively described, but rarely have hypotheses based on these descriptions been tested empirically. Using landmark based geometric morphometrics, shapes are an- alyzed independent of other aspects of the body form (e.g., size). The estimation of shape disparity, the quantitative measure of the variance of these raw shapes, can then be applied in order to objectively test hypotheses about morphological diver- sity. The shape disparity within and between different groups is explored as well as how it is partitioned within the cichlid body. Tanganyika cichlids are found to have signi®cantly greater shape disparity than Malawi cichlids. Ectodini is found to have signi®cantly greater shape disparity than other Great Lake tribes. Piscivorous cich- lids are signi®cantly more disparate in shape than cichlids with other diets, and the shape disparity of the cranial region was signi®cantly greater than that of the post- cranial region. ``We begin by describing the shape of an object in Lake cichlids have been described (Bouton et the simple words of common speech: we end by al., 2002a; Wautier et al., 2002; Kassam et al., de®ning it in the precise language of mathemat- 2003a) including evidence of convergence of ics; and the one method tends to follow the other these elements between lakes (RuÈber and Ad- in strict scienti®c order and historical continui- ams, 2001; Kassam et al., 2003b); however, those ty.''±D'Arcy Thompson, 1917 (On Growth studies dealt only with patterns of morphologi- and Form) cal diversity rather than with its magnitude.
    [Show full text]
  • A Functional Trade-Off Between Trophic Adaptation and Parental Care
    A functional trade-off between trophic royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rspb adaptation and parental care predicts sexual dimorphism in cichlid fish Fabrizia Ronco1, Marius Roesti1,2,3 and Walter Salzburger1 Research 1Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland 2 Cite this article: Ronco F, Roesti M, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T1Z4 Salzburger W. 2019 A functional trade-off 3Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland between trophic adaptation and parental care MR, 0000-0002-7408-4804; WS, 0000-0002-9988-1674 predicts sexual dimorphism in cichlid fish. Proc. R. Soc. B 286: 20191050. Although sexual dimorphism is widespread in nature, its evolutionary http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1050 causes often remain elusive. Here we report a case where a sex-specific con- flicting functional demand related to parental care, but not to sexual selection, explains sexual dimorphism in a primarily trophic structure, the gill rakers of cichlid fishes. More specifically, we examined gill raker Received: 7 May 2019 length in a representative set of cichlid fish species from Lake Tanganyika Accepted: 30 July 2019 featuring three different parental care strategies: (i) uni-parental mouth- brooding, whereby only one parental sex incubates the eggs in the buccal cavity; (ii) bi-parental mouthbrooding, whereby both parents participate in mouthbrooding; and (iii) nest guarding without any mouthbrooding involved. As predicted from these different parental care strategies, we find Subject Category: sexual dimorphism in gill raker length to be present only in uni-parental Evolution mouthbrooders, but not in bi-parental mouthbrooders nor in nest guarders.
    [Show full text]
  • Direct Benefits and Evolutionary Transitions to Complex Societies
    ARTICLES PUBLISHED: 18 APRIL 2017 | VOLUME: 1 | ARTICLE NUMBER: 0137 Direct benefits and evolutionary transitions to complex societies Cody J. Dey1, 2 †, Constance M. O’Connor1 †, Holly Wilkinson3, Susanne Shultz3, Sigal Balshine1 and John L. Fitzpatrick3, 4* The selective forces that drive the evolution of cooperation have been intensely debated. Evolutionary transitions to coop- erative breeding, a complex form of cooperation, have been hypothesized to be linked to low degrees of promiscuity, which increases intragroup relatedness and the indirect (that is, kin selected) benefits of helping. However, ecological factors also promote cooperative breeding, and may be more important than relatedness in some contexts. Identifying the key evolution- ary drivers of cooperative breeding therefore requires an integrated assessment of these hypotheses. Here we show, using a phylogenetic framework that explicitly evaluates mating behaviours and ecological factors, that evolutionary transitions to cooperative breeding in cichlid fishes were not associated with social monogamy. Instead, group living, biparental care and diet type directly favoured the evolution of cooperative breeding. Our results suggest that cichlid fishes exhibit an alternative path to the evolution of complex societies compared to other previously studied vertebrates, and these transitions are driven primarily by direct fitness benefits. ooperative breeding, where individuals in social groups pro- evolution of cooperative societies, because social monogamy is also vide care for offspring that are not their own, is a complex favoured under particular ecological factors14 and therefore apparent Cform of sociality1 that has arisen repeatedly across the animal relationships between monogamy and cooperative breeding could kingdom. Cooperative breeders are of great interest for evolutionary actually be driven by relationships between ecology and coopera- biologists, as individuals that forgo their own reproduction appear tive breeding15,16.
    [Show full text]
  • Replicated Divergence in Cichlid Radiations Mirrors a Major
    Downloaded from http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on January 27, 2016 Replicated divergence in cichlid radiations rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org mirrors a major vertebrate innovation Matthew D. McGee1, Brant C. Faircloth2, Samuel R. Borstein3, Jimmy Zheng4, C. Darrin Hulsey5, Peter C. Wainwright1 and Michael E. Alfaro4 Research 1Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Cite this article: McGee MD, Faircloth BC, LA 70803, USA 3 Borstein SR, Zheng J, Darrin Hulsey C, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 4Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA Wainwright PC, Alfaro ME. 2016 Replicated 5Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany divergence in cichlid radiations mirrors a major vertebrate innovation. Proc. R. Soc. B Decoupling of the upper jaw bones—jaw kinesis—is a distinctive feature of the 283: 20151413. ray-finned fishes, but it is not clear how the innovation is related to the extra- http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1413 ordinary diversity of feeding behaviours and feeding ecology in this group. We address this issue in a lineage of ray-finned fishes that is well known for its ecological and functional diversity—African rift lake cichlids. We sequenced ultraconserved elements to generate a phylogenomic tree of the Received: 11 June 2015 Lake Tanganyika and Lake Malawi cichlid radiations. We filmed a diverse array of over 50 cichlid species capturing live prey and quantified the extent Accepted: 30 November 2015 of jaw kinesis in the premaxillary and maxillary bones.
    [Show full text]