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Additions to the Biotrophic Fungi of Vancouver's North Shore, British Columbia

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Additions to the Biotrophic Fungi of Vancouver's North Shore, British Columbia J. Crop Prot. 2020, 9 (3): 537-542______________________________________________________ Short paper Additions to the biotrophic fungi of Vancouver's North Shore, British Columbia Mehrdad Abbasi Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. Abstract: Puccinia tanaceti in narrow sense is reported from British Columbia for the first time. Golovinomyces asterum var. solidaginis and G. macrocarpus are also new members for mycobiota of BC. New hosts are reported for rusts and powdery mildews in BC and Canada. Keywords: Pucciniales, Erysiphales, Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Canada Introduction12 Materials and Methods During October and November 2018, the author All microscopic slides were made using Lactic had an opportunity to visit parks and woods in Acid in Glycerol mounting medium (Abbasi Vancouver’s north shore, mainly in the city of 2013). Microscopic study of specimens was North Vancouver. As this is the perfect time of carried out using Leica DMRB (Leitz) DIC the year to find powdery mildews, diverse microscope and BH2 Olympus compound annual and perennial plants infected by microscope and all photomicrographs taken at Erysiphales were collected. In addition, rust 400x or 1000x with a Leica DFC420 digital color infected plants from various families were also camera or Dino-Eye Eyepiece Camera using collected. The current report discusses some of DinoCapture 2.0 software (AnMo Electronics the specimens identified so far that contribute Corporation, Taiwan). In each accession 50 new information about the biotrophic fungi of fungal spores or structures were measured. Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 12:40 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 western Canada. Fernando et al. (1999) Concerning identification of powdery mildews, compiled host-fungus lists for British Columbia. species concept and taxonomy sensu Braun and The species reported here are rarely documented, Cook (2012) were followed. Host plant common and since Fernando et al.'s compilation, no new names mostly obtained from E-FLORA BC BC herbarium specimens appear among (2020). Studied materials have been deposited at MyCoPortal records (MyCoPortal. 2019). To our University of British Columbia (UBC) and knowledge there is no specific report/list dealing University of Tehran (UTFH) herbaria. with plant parasitic fungi of Vancouver’s north shore. Hopefully this paper will be the starting Puccinia tanaceti DC. s. str. (emend. Braum point to compile such a checklist for north shore 1981). plant parasitic fungi. On Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) [common tansy], British Columbia, North Vancouver, 17 October 2018, M. Abbasi (NV3a), UTFH 1201, Handling Editor: Naser Safaie duplicate at UBC, (II) + III. __________________________ Uredinia not seen. Urediniospores in telia, * Corresponding author: [email protected] obovoid or ellipsoid, 25-30 × 18.5-22.5 µm, Received: 10 April 2020, Accepted: 07 July 2020 Published online: 15 July 2020 wall 2 µm thick, cinnamon-brown, echinulate, 537 Additions to the biotrophic fungi____________________________________________________ J. Crop Prot. echinulae 2-3 µm apart, germ pores 2-3, 25-30 × 20-22.5 µm, obovoid, broadly obovoid, equatorial, covered by smooth cap. Telia ellipsoid or globoid, wall yellowish-brown to hypophyllous and on petioles, semi-compact, cinnamon-brown, 1.5-2 µm thick, finely exposed, blackish brown, teliospores 35-46.5 echinulate, with 8-11 scattered germ pores × 16-25 µm, ellipsoid or obovoid, with having a conspicuous internal ring and small rounded, conic-rounded or unequal apex, pore cap (Fig. 1B). Few covered telia were tapering towards the pedicel, constricted at present on adaxial leaf surface. Teliospores one septum, wall 1.5-2 µm at side, up to 6.5 µm at celled, 21.25-28.75 × 15-19 µm, oblong- apex, yellowish to chestnut brown, sometimes ellipsoid, oblong or angularly obovoid, with lighter part at apex, finely and densely rounded, bluntly pointed or truncate at apex, verrucose, verrucae more visible on upper mostly attenuated below, wall chestnut-brown, cell, germ pore of upper cell apical and of smooth 1-1.5 µm thick at sides and up to 3 µm lower one at the septum, pedicel colorless, at apex (Fig. 1C). Several hyaline, narrow long persistent up to 75 µm long, mesospores cylindrical structures with more or less small rarely seen (Fig. 1A). capitate heads were always present in prepared Above features fit well with the narrow microscopic slides. As mentioned by Grove species concept of P. tanaceti provided by Braun (see Wilson & Henderson 1966, p. 361), these (1981). Teliospores of BC specimen are paraphyses-like structures are pedicels of relatively small with mean spore lengths < 45 urediniospore which remain in uredinia after µm (40 µm). There are couple of reports of P. the spores have fallen off. tanaceti from BC mentioned by Fernando et al. Uromyces dactylidis has been previously (1999). These reports are all doubtful for the reported from BC on the same host by following reasons. The report of P. tanaceti on Fernando et al. (1999). They have also reported Artemisia dracunculina should be considered as two more rust species on D. glomerata P. absinthii var. dracunculina (Fahrend.) U. including Puccinia graminis and P. Braun. The report on Artemisia frigida belongs striiformoides (as P. striiformis) from BC. to P. absinthii s.lat. Reports on Artemisia When only uredinia are present, U. dactylidis luduviciana and A. tridentata may very probably can be distinguished from the two other rusts in belong to P. ludovicianae Fahrend. and P. similis having cinnamon-brown urediniospores with 8- Ellis & Everh., respectively. Fernando et al. 11 conspicuous scattered germ pores. (1999) had also reported P. tanaceti on Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 12:40 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 Chrysanthemum sp. It will be difficult to confirm Erysiphe adunca (Wallr.) Fr. this report as Chrysanthemum species are mainly On Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray infected by Asiatic rust species P. chrysanthemi (Salicaceae) [Black cottonwood], British Roze, across the globe. Columbia, North Vancouver, November 2018, To my knowledge the current report is the M. Abbasi (NV7), UTFH 1203. first authentic finding of P. tanaceti s.str. from Mycelium mostly epiphyllous, effuse or in BC and T. vulgare is a new host for the rust in patches, on some leaves covering the entire leaf Canada. upper surface. Chasmothecia mostly gregarious on upper side of the leaves, rarely Uromyces dactylidis G. H. Otth hypophyllous, 124-196 µm diam., with up to 65 On ornamental Dactylis glomerata L. (Poaceae) stiff to flexuous appendages, up to 2 times as [orchard-grass], British Columbia, North long as chasmothecial diam., circinate to Vancouver, 17 October 2018, M. Abbasi subhelicoid at apex (Fig. 1F). This powdery (NV8), UTFH 1202, II + III. mildew has been previously reported on P. Uredinia amphigenous, small, elliptic or trichocarpa, P. tremuloides Michx. and Salix oblong, cinnamon-brown, mostly surrounded or spp. from BC. under the name Uncinula adunca covered by ruptured epidermis. Urediniospores (Fernando et al. 1999). 538 Abbasi ___________________________________________________________ J. Crop Prot. (2020) Vol. 9 (3) Downloaded from jcp.modares.ac.ir at 12:40 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 Figure 1 Puccinia tanaceti, urediniospores and teliospores, bar = 10 µm (A); Uromyces dactylidis, urediniospores (B) and teliospores (C), bar = 10 µm; Phyllactinia corni, chasmothecium (D), bar = 50 µm; Sawadaea bicornis, chasmothecium (E), bar = 15 µm; Erysiphe adunca, chasmothecia (F), bar = 60 µm; Golovinomyces asterum var. solidaginis, chasmothecium (G), bar = 30 µm. 539 Additions to the biotrophic fungi____________________________________________________ J. Crop Prot. Golovinomyces asterum var. solidaginis U. Golovinomyces macrocarpus (Speer) U. Braun Braun On Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) On Solidago sp. (Asteraceae) [goldenrod], British [common tansy], British Columbia, North Columbia, North Vancouver, November 2018, M. Vancouver, 17 October 2018, M. Abbasi Abbasi (NV5) UTFH 1204-Solidago ‘Crown of (NV3b), UTFH 1206, duplicate at UBC. Rays’, North Vancouver, October 2018, M. Abbasi Only anamorph observed. Mycelium in dense (NV1) UTFH 1205, duplicate at UBC. white persistent patches on both sides of the leaf Mycelium white, amphigenous, effused or and on stem; conidiophores erect and straight with in patches. Conidiophores mostly arising mostly cylindrical or rarely slightly curved foot laterally from the hyphal mother cell, foot- cells with 50-80 µm length followed by 1-3 shorter cells often curved in the basal part, 50-82.5 cells; conidia mostly doliiform to ellipsoid-ovoid µm in length. Conidia in chains, doliiform, 26-36 × 15-17.5 µm; conidial germination with cylindrical, doliiform-subcylindrical or clavate, relatively short germ tubes arising from an ellipsoid, 27.5-42.5 × 15-18.75 µm, germ end. These features fit the morphological tubes mostly terminal, long up to three times characteristics of G. macrocarpus provided by as long as the conidial length, filiform, with Braun and Cook (2012). This is the first report of one septum and swollen appressorium at G. macrocarpus from BC on T. vulgare. apex, sometimes with two germ tubes. The studied material (UTFH 1206) was also Chasmothecia amphigenous, mostly in large infected by Puccinia tanaceti. Thus, Tanacetum groups, 117.5-150 µm diam. Appendages vulgare is reported here as
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