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Listening to Fish Passiveacoustic Applications in Marine Fisheries Listening to Fish PassiveAcoustic Applications in Marine Fisheries 8- /0 Apri!2002 An /nternational 8'orkshop on the Applications of Passive Acoustics in Fisheries Massachusetts/nstItute of Technology SeaGrant College Program Cambnc/ge,MA Listening to Fish Passive Acoustic Applications in INarine Fisheries Edited by Rodney Rountree',Cliff Goudey',and Tony Hawkins' ' School for Marine Scienceand Technology,UMASS Dartmouth,706 South Rodney FrenchBlvd., New Bedford, MA 02744 ' Center for FisheriesEngineering Research,MIT SeaGrant College Program,Bldg, NE20-376, 3 CambridgeCenter, Cambridge, MA 02139 ' Environment 5 Society at the University of Aberdeen,St Mary's, KingsCollege, Aberdeen, AB24 3UF, UK Acknowledgements Specialthanks to Margaret Weigel of MITSeaGrant College Programfor layout duties, and GraceLee and Margaret Weigel for web layout work, These proceedings are from the International Workshop on the Applications of Passive Acoustics to Fisheries,April 8-10,2002, sponsored by MIT SeaGrant College Program,Office of Naval Research ONRCode 342,Marine Mammal 58' Program!,and National UnderseaResearch Program, with additional support from SMAST,UMass-Dartmouth, Connecticut Sea Grant, Florida Sea Grant, Hawaii Sea Grant, Louisiana Sea Grant, North Carolina Sea Grant, South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, Texas Sea Grant and Woods Hole Sea Grant. MITSG 03-2 Proceedings from the international Workshop on the Applications of Passive Acoustics to Fisheries 1 Proceedingsfrom the Internationa! Workshopon the Applications of PassiveAcoostics to Fisheries 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Listening to Fish: Proceedingsof the International Workshopon the Applications of Passive Acoustics to Fisheries Rodney Rountree,Cliff Goudey,and Tony Hawkins. Section 1 Passive Listening for Fishes;What Has Been Done? ..15 Locating sciaenid spawning aggregations in anticipation of harbor modifications, and reactions of spotted sea trout spawnersto acoustic disturbance Mark Collins,Bridget Callahan,Bill Post,and ArnandaAvildsen ,. 17 Characterizationof sounds and their use in two sciaenidspecies: weakfish and Atlantic croaker Martin A.Connaughton, Michael L. Lunn, Michael L Fine,and Malcolm H. Tayor,................ 21 Detectionand characterization of yellowfin and bluefin tuna using passive acoustical techniques Scott Allen and David A. Derner...,...,.......,,..., ...,...,.... 26 AcousticCompetition in the GulfToadfish apsonus beta: Crepuscular Changes & AcousticTagging MichaelL. Fine and RobertF, Thorson 29 PassiveAcoustic Field Researchon Atlantic Cod,Gadus morhua L, in Canada SusanB. Fudge and George A. Rose 34 PassiveAcoustic Transects; Mating Calls and Spawning Ecology in EastFlorida Sciaenids R,Grant Gilmore, Jr. ..39 The Useof PassiveAcoustics to Identifya HaddockSpawning Area Anthony D. Hawkins.................. 49 Using a TowedArray to Survey Red Drum Spawning Sitesin the Gulf of Mexico Scott A. Holt . .. 54 Fish Courtship and Mating Sounds Phillip S. Lobel ..60 UsingPassive Acoustics to Monitor Spawningof Fishesin the DrumFamily Sciaenidae! Joseph J. Luczkovichand Mark W. Sprague ,. 65 Are acoustic calls a prernating reproductive barrier between two northeast Atlantic cod Gadus morhua! groups a review Jarle Tryti Nordeide and Jens Loss Finstad,...,,,............................,...,......... 70 Applicationsof underwateracoustics data in fisheriesmanagement for spotted seatrout, Cynoscionnebu/osus, in estuaries of South Carolina Bill Rournillat and Myra Brouwer, ,,76 Soniferous Fishes of Massachusetts RodneyRountree, Francis Juanes, and Joseph E.Blue. ..83 The mating behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadusmorhua!, SherrylynnRowe and Jeffrey A. Hutchings . ..91 Section 2 Technology,Future Developments and Applications. .. 97 Spotted Seatrout Spawning Requirementsand EssentialFish Habitat:A Microhabitat Approach Using Hydrophones Donald M. Baltz 99 Creating a Web-basedLibrary of Underwater Biological Sounds JackW. Bradbury and Carol A. Bloomgarden. .. 103 Potentialfor couplingof underwaterTV monitoringwith passiveacoustics CharlesA. Barans,David Schmidt,and Myra C. Brouwer .. 107 Applicationof PassiveAcoustic Methods for Detection,Location and Tracking of Whales Christopher W. Clark . 112 Multihydrophone localization of low frequency broadband sources Stephen E.Forsythe ,. 117 PassiveDetection and Localizationof TransientSignals from MarineMammals using Widely Spaced Bottom Mounted Hydrophones in Open Ocean Environments Susan Jarvis and David Moretti 123 Synchronizedunderwater audio-video recording Phillip S. Lobel . .. 136 New technologies for passiveacoustic detection of fish sound production David A. Mann. 140 Potentialfor the useof RemotelyOperated Vehicles ROVs! as a platformfor passiveacoustics. RodneyRountree, Francis Juanes, and Joseph E.Blue ...,..., .. , 144 Quantifying Species-SpecificContributions to the Overall Sound Level Mark W.Sprague and Joseph J, Luczkovich. .. 153 A remote-controlledinstrument platform for fish behaviourstudies and soundmonitoring Ingvald Svellingen,Bjern Totland,and JanTore Svredal . .. 160 ClassifyingFish Sounds Using Wavelets Mark Wood .. 163 Section 3 Working Group Summaries ., 169 A summaryreport on the Biology Sessionand Biology Working Group from the International Workshopon the Application of PassiveAcoustics in Fisheries, Joseph J. Luczkovich 171 Working Group on Technology Issues David Mann . ., 180 Proceedingsfrom the international Workshopon the Applications of PassiveAcoustics to Fisheries 6 ~ Listening~ ~ ~to Fish:~ ~ Proceedings ~ ~of the ~International ~ ~ Workshop on the Applications of Passive Acoustics to Fisheries RodneyRountree', Cliff Goudey',and Tony Hawkins' 'Schoolfor MarineScience and Technology, UMASS Dartmouth, 706 South Rodney French Blvd, New Bedford, MA 02744 'Centerfor FisheriesEngineering Research, MIT Sea Grant College Program, MIT Bldg. NE20-376, 3 CambridgeCenter, Cambridge, MA 02139 ' Kincraig, Blairs,Aberdeen, Scotland AB12 SYT Workshop06jecthtes 1. Convenean international conferenceto assessthe potential of passiveacoustics as a tool with applicationsin fisheriesand marineconservation in estuarine,coastal and oceanicecosystems. 2, Topromote the useof passiveacoustics for exploringthe oceans,surveying marine biodiversity, and assessingthe impact of man's activities upon the oceans. 3. Developan internationalresearch initiative to exploreand extend the useof passiveacoustics in the marinesciences in both appliedand non-appliedfields, and to developpotential researchtheme areasfor future funding. introduction OnApril 8-10,2002,MIT Sea Grant hosted an internationalworkshop on the applicationof passive acousticsin Fisheriesin Dedham,Massachusetts, The'hands-on'workshop drew over 40 European and NorthAmerican experts from fisheries,fish biology,acoustics, signal processing, underwater technologyand other relatedfields. The workshop was divided into 4 sessionsand 2 working groupswith a totalof 29 presentationsdelivered. The first sessionentitled:"Passive Listening for fishes- what has been done?" reviewed past and current researchactivities, while the second ses- sion "Future developments and applications" examined recommendations for future research and exampleswhere existing programs could be enhancedby passiveacoustic technology. The third session"Acoustic technology" reviewed the stateof the art and future developmentsfor underwater acoustic and related technologies, A special sessionincluded demonstrations of hardwareand soft- ware,The workshop was caped off by a workinggroup on the biologicaland ecologicalaspects of passiveacoustic research, moderated by Joe Luczkovichof EastCarolina University, and a working groupon technologyand softwareissues moderated by DavidMann of the Universityof Southern Proceedingsfrom the internationai Workshop on the Applications of PassiveAcoustics to Fisheries 7 Florida in St. Petersburg. A web page was constructed to document the findings of the workshop http:Ii'web.mit.edu/seagrant/acoustics/index.html!. The workshop was a greatsuccess at bringing together an outstanding group of international researchersto exchangeresearch results, knowledge and ideasrelated to the applicationof passive acousticsto fisheries,census of marinelife and relatedissues. The workshop demonstrated the high potential of passiveacoustics as a researchtool for fisheries and related fields through the presenta- tion of the results of a number of successfulresearch projects. One of the important outcomes of the workshop was the exchangeof information about ongoing and past researchprojects that have successfullyused passive acoustics. Previously, many of thesescientists had beenworking in isola- tion with little interaction with their colleaguesworking acrossNorth America and overseas.The fisheriesbiologists participating in the workshopalso gained valuable insight from exchangeof information with scientistswith well-establishedbackgrounds in the use of passiveacoustics to study marine cetaceans seeClark, Jarvis and Moretti, herein!. Another important result was the exchange of hardwareand software technologies among the participants. The workshop has already fostered renewedenthusiasm among the participants for this field of researchand has resulted in new domesticand international collaborations. In addition, the workshop brought researcherstogether with administrators,staff and scientistsfrom severalfunding agenciesand with the media e.g.,NURP, National Geographic,etc.!. Finally,extensive discussionof the future research priorities for passiveacoustics, and development of
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