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ARE DRONES a FORCE for GOOD? How Drones Are Being Used to Benefit Society

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ARE DRONES a FORCE for GOOD? How Drones Are Being Used to Benefit Society BRIEF FOOD AND DRINK CULTURE GEAR SPORTS STYLE WOMEN HOME > BANNER- HOME > MAGAZINE ARE DRONES A FORCE FOR GOOD? How drones are being used to benefit society By Matthew Priest Words: Max Mueller NEWSLETTER SUBSCRIPTION Get the lowdown on the week ahead to your inbox, together with reviews, exclusive competitions and the occasional funny list. Enter Your Email SUBSCRIBE MOST POPULAR THIS WEEK Read Shared Galleries HOW TO BULK UP LIKE A RUGBY PLAYER Drones usually feature in the news due to their controversial use as weapons of war or, more prosaically, for their use as fun but largely impractical toys. But what if the technology could be used to help the environment or save lives? This month, the UAE is again promoting the humanitarian use of drones with a $1 million competition that features the best designs from around the world. Here is a bird’s eye view of the technology and its pitfalls, in the Middle East and beyond. *** WHAT I’VE LEARNT: FLAVIO BRIATORE Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station, April 10, 2015. Four years after the March 2011 meltdown, a stream of images is being recorded inside reactor No 1, one of three that was badly damaged after the plant was hit by a devastating tsunami. As the remote-controlled robot crawls through debris, the on-board searchlight struggles to penetrate a thick dust cloud. It also has to navigate charred concrete girders coated in solidified molten metal that now resemble warped stalactites. CESARO: 8 THINGS WE’VE At the bottom of the video screen is a digital display of the radiation exposure. It reads 25 Sievert per hour, far beyond LEARNED the levels that ordinary electronics can withstand. When the robot enters ‘location 14’ its camera tilts down, stops with a jerk, then cuts out. The machine is stranded. The operators of the device, who work for the Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco) attempt various fixes before admitting defeat. All they can do now is cut the cables to the stricken device. Its mission is over. Dr. Young Soo Park, a principal mechanical engineer at the US government’s Argonne National Laboratories near LOUIS VUITTON AMERICA’S CUP Chicago, develops robotic applications for nuclear reactor operations. When asked about the outlook for remotely WORLD SERIE... controlled machines to handle disasters like Fukushima, he outlines the limits of their capabilities: “We don’t have a system we can deploy there to do any useful work. The equipment needs to be simple and robust. We can’t rely on complex set-ups that are vulnerable to breakdown.” Clearly, a new approach is needed if drones have a part to play in such situations in the future. But could that answer be closer to hand than Dr. Young Soo Park imagines? VALENTINES DAY GIFT GUIDE Rewind to January 2015, Dubai. The Gimball, a flying robot, is broadcasting live video. Humming with an insect-like buzz, the globe-shaped drone squeezes through a narrow tunnel and enters a seemingly abandoned house. When it bumps into the wall in its path, the camera twitches wildly, then stabilises. As the device turns a corner, we spot a human figure slumped against the far wall. Immediately, the machine hovers over it and begins to take close-up pictures. This is no search-and-rescue mission. The figure is a lifeless dummy. But designers Adrien Briod and Patrick Thevos are thrilled. Gimball has just won them the UAE’s Drones for Good competition and $1 million in prize money. The THE Swiss duo, from start-up company Flyability, have seen off 800 competitors from 57 countries to scoop the prestigious prize in the first contest of its kind held in the region. Flyability co-founder Thevos thinks machines will change the way search-and-rescue operations are conducted in RULES future. “Professionals risk their lives every day in dangerous missions, whether it’s firefighters entering unstable structures, workers inspecting power lines, or rescuers trying to find victims in collapsed buildings,” he says. “We believe we must save lives, and send drones instead of humans.” NEVER PLAY CARDS WITH A MAN WHO WEARS A VISOR. Tweets Follow Esquire Middle East 8h @EsquireME We spoke to #DevPatel about type-casting, matchbox cars & if he is '#Bollywood famous' -> tinyurl.com/hczdhnh pic.twitter.com/I5NBfwMYfd The idea of taking humans out of the flying equation isn’t new, and pilotless designs far precede the Wright brothers’ craft. Perhaps surprisingly, the first drones weren’t designed by the military – even though, in 1849, the Austrian army did attack Venice with bombs suspended from unmanned balloons. English inventors John Stringfellow and William Henson patented a steam-powered, unmanned plane as early as 1842. Their Aerial Transit Company was founded a Tweet to @EsquireME year later with the intention “to convey letters, goods and passengers from place to place through the air” using an “aerial steam carriage”. During a demonstration in 1848, a model with a 10-foot wingspan made a 40-yard flight before being stopped by a safety canvas. Twenty years later, Stringfellow trialled another version at London’s Crystal Palace. According to eyewitnesses, the steam-powered tri-plane generated lift, with a guide wire successfully preventing it NEW STORIES “from crashing into walls”. “The technology is inspired by insects. It can collide with obstacles and carry on flying THROWING PAINT AT CRISTIANO undisturbed. The innovation is in the protective RONALDO rotating frame and control algorithms that keep the machine stable after impact” In 1896, during the last attempt at drone flight using steam power, American tinkerer Samuel Langley flew his “aerodrome number 5” model a kilometre down the Potomac River near Quantico, Virginia. Two years later, Nikola HOW TO ROCK A POCKET WATCH Tesla patented his “teleautomation” concept and was the first person to successfully steer a small vessel on a pond in Madison Square Gardens without the use of a controlling wire. Even though Tesla’s machine was operating on water, his invention added a key dimension to early drone technology — wireless remote control. Throughout the 20th century, progress was driven by the military. Development spanned several flying bombs, from the Charles Kettering Aerial Torpedo in 1918 and the German doodlebugs of WW2 to the Northrup SM-62 Snark, the first cruise missile armed with a nuclear warhead, which became operational in 1960. THE INTERVIEW: DEV PATEL Today, operators are able to kill across thousands of miles with a single click on their joysticks, all from the comfort of their air-conditioned control rooms in the UK’s Lincolnshire or America’s Nevada desert. The Bureau of Investigative Journalism claims that up to 3,900 people have been killed in Pakistan alone since 2004, among them at least 423 civilians, of which 172 were children. The CIA-controlled scheme focuses on militants linked to al-Qaeda and the Taliban, and has sparked protests around the globe over perceived breaches of international law and national sovereignty. Drones change the basic parameters of war, buzzing unseen in the skies; harbingers of death and terror that could strike at any time. Could John Stringfellow and William Henson have possibly imagined what their early THE DUBAI PHOTO EXHIBITION prototypes would one day become? DUBAI GETS THE YEEZY BOOST 350 BLACK ELIBRIEA: THE QATARI HYPERCAR LOUIS VUITTON’S ROBOT MUSE BEST NEW PHONES OF 2016 It’s little wonder that the humanitarian potential of drones is often overlooked given all this bad press. But the UAE-led Drones for Good programme is promising to reverse this trend. The first competition of its kind was held in early 2015, HOW TO BUY JEWELLERY FOR with prizes in three categories: international, national and government teams. While the government prize went to WOMEN engineers from Etisalat for their network-enhancing device, the national competition’s Dhs1 million first prize was awarded to students from NYU Abu Dhabi for an environmental survey drone used to capture wildlife data in Fujairah’s Wadi Wurayah National Park. Matt Karau is a research associate at NYU Abu Dhabi and the project’s chief engineer. His team’s work typifies this fresh approach to the potential of drones as a force for good. “We looked at existing applications which were either premature, flying dangerously close to humans, or would only exist to help governments punish people more BE BETTER AT PUBLIC SPEAKING efficiently. So we focused on conservation,” he says. The team’s 3.2kg robot can stay in the air for up to 45 minutes and collect information about wildlife numbers from ground-based camera traps. Its designers say it could save 90 percent of the park’s annual budget for data collection and protect rangers from dehydration. The drone itself is a simple fixed-wing plane capable of sending and receiving data; a basic approach that follows experts’ calls for less complexity and more robustness. “We use very inexpensive, off-the-shelf components, so that a loss of the drone would be insignificant compared to a park ranger being stranded in the wild, considering temperatures that reach 50C in the summer,” Karau says. But what really caught the eye at last year’s competition was the work of Flyability’s Gimball. Patrick Thevos is convinced that his team’s creation outperforms other search-and-rescue robots by far. “The technology is inspired by insects. It can collide with obstacles and carry on flying undisturbed,” he says of their invention. “The innovation is in the protective rotating frame and control algorithms that keep the machine stable after an impact.” Here lies the crux of the system: it has no radar to avoid obstructions.
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