Acid nomenclature.notebook
Acid Nomenclature (naming)
Nov 233:38 PM 1 Acid nomenclature.notebook Naming acids nameend in "acid" formula starts with "H"
Identify the acid: cation is always H+ use the anion to name it
3 ways to name: 1. binary acids ("bi" = "2") or nonoxy acid H+ and one other element anion ends in ide HCl Cl1 chloride hydro_____ic acid HF F1 fluoride hydro_____ic acid
H2S S2 sulfide hydro_____ic acid 3 H3N N nitride hydro_____ic acid Binary rule: hydrostemic acid use stem from anion
2. Oxyacid (ternary) acids means "3" contain oxygen
Again, look at the anion
1 HNO3 NO3 nitrate _____ic acid
2 ______ic acid H2SO4 SO4 sulfate
3 ______ic acid H3PO4 PO4 phosphate
oxyacid rule #1: Oxyacide rule #1: if anion ends in ate, use stemic acid
I ate something icky in the cafeteria
1 HNO2 NO2 nitrite _____ous acid
2 ______ous acid H2SO3 SO3 sulfite
3 ______ous acid H3PO3 PO3 phosphite oxyacid rule #2: if anion ends in ite, use stemous acid
Nov 1010:18 AM 2 Acid nomenclature.notebook
Formula Anion Acid Name Anion name
HF F is fluoride hydrofluoric acid
HCl Cl is chloride hydrochloric acid
HBr Br is bromide hydrobromic acid
HI I is iodide hydriodic acid
H S 2 S2 is sulfide hydrosulfuric acid
HNO 3 NO is 3 nitrate nitric acid
HC H O 2 3 2 C H O is 2 3 2 acetate acetic acid
H SO 2 4 SO 2 is 4 sulfate sulfuric acid
H CO 2 3 CO 2 is 3 carbonate carbonic acid
H PO 3 4 PO 3 is 4 phosphate phosphoric acid
HClO ClO¯ is hypochlorite hypochlorous acid
HClO 2 ClO ¯ is 2 chlorite chlorous acid
HClO 3 ClO ¯ is 3 chlorate chloric acid
HClO 4 ClO ¯ is 4 perchlorate perchloric acid
HIO 3 IO ¯ is 3 iodate iodic acid
HNO 2 NO ¯ is 2 nitrite nitrous acid
H SO 2 3 SO 2 is 3 sulfite sulfurous acid
Nov 106:33 AM 3 Acid nomenclature.notebook
Naming Acids
Anion Ending Acid Name
Binary @ ide hydro(stem)ic acid
ate (stem) ic acid Oxyacid/ Ternary ite (stem) ous acid
An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”
4 Acid nomenclature.notebook
Naming Acids
name of anion underline stem rule acid name HBr bromide binary: hydrostemic acid hydrobromic acid
oxyacid: H2CO3 carbonate Stemic acid carbonic acid
oxyacid: sulfurous acid H2SO3 sulfite Stemous acid (note: not exact stem)
using ionic rules to balance
5 Acid nomenclature.notebook
acid nomenclature:
Acids
binary (nonoxy) oxyacid
______ide ______ite ______ate
hydro______ic acid ______ous acid ______ic acid
Hydrogens will balance the overall charge to zero... (like ionic) +1 3 H PO4
H3PO4
Dec 42:16 PM 6 Acid nomenclature.notebook
What indicates an acid: in the name? "acid" at the end in the formula? starts with H
HCl choride hydrochloric acid
HClO hypochorite hypochlorious acid
HClO2 chlorite chlorous acid
HClO3 chlorate chloric acid
HClO4 perchlorate perchloric acid
Dec 912:11 PM 7