Acid nomenclature.notebook

Acid Nomenclature (naming)

Nov 23­3:38 PM 1 Acid nomenclature.notebook Naming name­end in "acid" formula starts with "H"

Identify the acid: cation is always H+ use the anion to name it

3 ways to name: 1. binary acids ("bi" = "2") or non­oxy acid H+ and one other element anion ends in ­ide HCl Cl­1 chloride hydro­_____­ic acid HF F­1 fluoride hydro­_____­ic acid

H2S S­2 sulfide hydro­_____­ic acid ­3 H3N N nitride hydro­_____­ic acid Binary rule: hydro­stem­ic acid use stem from anion

2. (ternary) acids means "3" contain

Again, look at the anion

­1 HNO3 NO3 nitrate _____ic acid

­2 ______ic acid H2SO4 SO4 sulfate

­3 ______ic acid H3PO4 PO4 phosphate

oxyacid rule #1: Oxyacide rule #1: if anion ends in ­ate, use stem­ic acid

I ate something ic­ky in the cafeteria

­1 HNO2 NO2 nitrite _____ous acid

­2 ______ous acid H2SO3 SO3 sulfite

­3 ______ous acid H3PO3 PO3 phosphite oxyacid rule #2: if anion ends in ­ite, use stem­ous acid

Nov 10­10:18 AM 2 Acid nomenclature.notebook

Formula Anion Acid Name Anion name

HF F­ is fluoride hydrofluoric acid

HCl Cl­ is chloride

HBr Br­ is bromide hydrobromic acid

HI I­ is iodide hydriodic acid

H S 2 S2­ is sulfide hydrosulfuric acid

HNO 3 NO ­ is 3 nitrate nitric acid

HC H O 2 3 2 C H O ­is 2 3 2 acetate acetic acid

H SO 2 4 SO 2­ is 4 sulfate

H CO 2 3 CO 2­ is 3 carbonate carbonic acid

H PO 3 4 PO 3­ is 4 phosphate phosphoric acid

HClO ClO¯ is hypochlorite

HClO 2 ClO ¯ is 2

HClO 3 ClO ¯ is 3

HClO 4 ClO ¯ is 4 perchlorate

HIO 3 IO ¯ is 3 iodate

HNO 2 NO ¯ is 2 nitrite nitrous acid

H SO 2 3 SO 2­ is 3 sulfite sulfurous acid

Nov 10­6:33 AM 3 Acid nomenclature.notebook

Naming Acids

Anion Ending Acid Name

Binary @ ­ide hydro­(stem)­ic acid

­ate (stem) ­ic acid Oxyacid/ Ternary ­ite (stem) ­ous acid

An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky”

4 Acid nomenclature.notebook

Naming Acids

name of anion underline stem rule acid name HBr bromide binary: hydro­stem­ic acid hydrobromic acid

oxyacid: H2CO3 carbonate Stem­ic acid carbonic acid

oxyacid: sulfurous acid H2SO3 sulfite Stem­ous acid (note: not exact stem)

using ionic rules to balance

5 Acid nomenclature.notebook

acid nomenclature:

Acids

binary (non­oxy) oxy­acid

______­ide ______­ite ______­ate

hydro______ic acid ______­ous acid ______­ic acid

Hydrogens will balance the overall charge to zero... (like ionic) +1 ­3 H PO4

H3PO4

Dec 4­2:16 PM 6 Acid nomenclature.notebook

What indicates an acid: in the name? "acid" at the end in the formula? starts with H

HCl choride hydrochloric acid

HClO hypochorite hypochlorious acid

HClO2 chlorite chlorous acid

HClO3 chlorate chloric acid

HClO4 perchlorate perchloric acid

Dec 9­12:11 PM 7