Acid nomenclature.notebook Acid Nomenclature (naming) Nov 23­3:38 PM 1 Acid nomenclature.notebook Naming acids name­end in "acid" formula starts with "H" Identify the acid: cation is always H+ use the anion to name it 3 ways to name: 1. binary acids ("bi" = "2") or non­oxy acid H+ and one other element anion ends in ­ide HCl Cl­1 chloride hydro­_____­ic acid HF F­1 fluoride hydro­_____­ic acid H2S S­2 sulfide hydro­_____­ic acid ­3 H3N N nitride hydro­_____­ic acid Binary rule: hydro­stem­ic acid use stem from anion 2. Oxyacid (ternary) acids means "3" contain oxygen Again, look at the anion ­1 HNO3 NO3 nitrate _____ic acid ­2 _______ic acid H2SO4 SO4 sulfate ­3 _______ic acid H3PO4 PO4 phosphate oxyacid rule #1: Oxyacide rule #1: if anion ends in ­ate, use stem­ic acid I ate something ic­ky in the cafeteria ­1 HNO2 NO2 nitrite _____ous acid ­2 _______ous acid H2SO3 SO3 sulfite ­3 _______ous acid H3PO3 PO3 phosphite oxyacid rule #2: if anion ends in ­ite, use stem­ous acid Nov 10­10:18 AM 2 Acid nomenclature.notebook Formula Anion Acid Name Anion name HF F­ is fluoride hydrofluoric acid HCl Cl­ is chloride hydrochloric acid HBr Br­ is bromide hydrobromic acid HI I­ is iodide hydriodic acid H S 2 S2­ is sulfide hydrosulfuric acid HNO 3 NO ­ is 3 nitrate nitric acid HC H O 2 3 2 C H O ­is 2 3 2 acetate acetic acid H SO 2 4 SO 2­ is 4 sulfate sulfuric acid H CO 2 3 CO 2­ is 3 carbonate carbonic acid H PO 3 4 PO 3­ is 4 phosphate phosphoric acid HClO ClO¯ is hypochlorite hypochlorous acid HClO 2 ClO ¯ is 2 chlorite chlorous acid HClO 3 ClO ¯ is 3 chlorate chloric acid HClO 4 ClO ¯ is 4 perchlorate perchloric acid HIO 3 IO ¯ is 3 iodate iodic acid HNO 2 NO ¯ is 2 nitrite nitrous acid H SO 2 3 SO 2­ is 3 sulfite sulfurous acid Nov 10­6:33 AM 3 Acid nomenclature.notebook Naming Acids Anion Ending Acid Name Binary @ ­ide hydro­(stem)­ic acid ­ate (stem) ­ic acid Oxyacid/ Ternary ­ite (stem) ­ous acid An easy way to remember which goes with which… “In the cafeteria, you ATE something ICky” 4 Acid nomenclature.notebook Naming Acids name of anion underline stem rule acid name HBr bromide binary: hydro­stem­ic acid hydrobromic acid oxyacid: H2CO3 carbonate Stem­ic acid carbonic acid oxyacid: sulfurous acid H2SO3 sulfite Stem­ous acid (note: not exact stem) using ionic rules to balance 5 Acid nomenclature.notebook acid nomenclature: Acids binary (non­oxy) oxy­acid ______­ide ______­ite ______­ate hydro______ic acid _______­ous acid _______­ic acid Hydrogens will balance the overall charge to zero... (like ionic) +1 ­3 H PO4 H3PO4 Dec 4­2:16 PM 6 Acid nomenclature.notebook What indicates an acid: in the name? "acid" at the end in the formula? starts with H HCl choride hydrochloric acid HClO hypochorite hypochlorious acid HClO2 chlorite chlorous acid HClO3 chlorate chloric acid HClO4 perchlorate perchloric acid Dec 9­12:11 PM 7.