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2013 National History Bee National Championships Round

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2013 National History Bee National Championships Round 2013 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals BEE FINALS 1. A still-existing unit called the Black Watch was originally created to police this region. This region's inhabitants were removed by the Duke of Sutherland to make room for sheep raising in a set of namesake "Clearances." A family in this region was subjected to the Glencoe Massacre for refusing to support William and Mary. The Duke of Cumberland was nicknamed "Butcher" for his brutal pacification of this region. For the point, name this region of Scotland traditionally ruled by Scottish clans. ANSWER: Scottish Highlands [prompt on Scotland] 080-12-72-25101 2. In the Middle Ages, these objects were created in T and O renderings. Muhammad al-Idrisi constructed one of these objects for Roger of Sicily, now called the Tabula Rogeriana. The eighth book of Ptolemy's Guide to Geography contains instructions on how to create one of these objects. Diego Ribero's Padron Real was one of these objects undertaken after Magellan's journey revealed the extent of the Pacific Ocean. The most common method of creating these objects today utilizes the Mercator projection. For the point, name these visual representations of the entire Earth. ANSWER: map of the world [prompt on maps] 066-12-72-25102 3. An eight year old suggested one of these activities, organized by her mother Clara Luper. Bernice Fisher was hailed as the "godmother" of this activity. Z. Alexander Looby, a lawyer defending those arrested for doing this action, had his home bombed. The "Royal Seven" took part in this action in Durham, and three years later this action happened at Walgreens and Woolworth's in Nashville and Greensboro, respectively. For the point, name this form of civil rights protest in which people remained in an eatery after being refused service. ANSWER: sit-in 020-12-72-25103 4. With Donald Fraser, this man chaired a commission that abolished proxy voting and the unit rule in his party’s nomination system. This man initially defended his running mate after revelations that the ticket partner had received electroshock therapy, though Thomas Eagleton was eventually replaced by Sargent Shriver during that campaign. This man’s primary issues in his campaign were a $1000 tax credit to every American and withdrawal from Vietnam. For the point, name this senator from South Dakota who was defeated by Nixon in the 1972 presidential election. ANSWER: George McGovern 048-12-72-25104 2013 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 1 of 28 © HSAPQ 5. A radio station founded by this group was bought by Wayne State University for $1. One leader of this organization convinced LBJ to impose a 25% tax on West German imports as part of the Chicken War. While posing for a picture near the River Rouge complex, two leaders of this group were attacked by Harry Bennett’s security forces in the Battle of the Overpass. This group organized a sit-down strike in Flint, Michigan, and was headed by Walter Reuther. For the point, name this union which held strikes against GM and Ford. ANSWER: United Auto Workers [or UAW] 048-12-72-25105 6. After supporting the rise of Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, this city lost the Battles of Settepozzi and Trapani. One of this city’s Black Sea colonies was besieged in 1346 by Tartars, who flung the corpses of victims of the Black Death into Caffa. This city, home to the Grimaldi family, lost the War of the Chioggia. At the Battle of Meloria, this city beat Pisa, its rival in the Tyrrhenian Sea. For the point, name this Italian maritime republic, famed for its mercenary units of crossbowmen, its rivalry with Venice, and being the home of Columbus. ANSWER: Most Serene Republic of Genoa 153-12-72-25106 7. The first meeting of this body, in a rather inauspicious start, had someone die due to the heat and humidity and was headed by George Yeardley. In one speech to this body, a speaker noted that "Caesar had his Brutus, Charles the First his Cromwell" before responding to a critic with "if this be treason, make the most of it." That speaker to this group was Patrick Henry. A governor and this body were threatened at gunpoint during Bacon's Rebellion. For the point, identify this first representative assembly in the colonies, started in Virginia in 1619. ANSWER: Virginia House of Burgesses 066-12-72-25107 8. An outnumbered unit asked to surrender in this film replies, "We haven’t the proper facilities to take you all prisoner." In this film, the evacuation of forces under Sean Connery’s character, Roy Urquhart, is decided upon in a scene in which various generals leave a balcony after naming hindrances such as "the fog in England," "the single road," and (NIZH-meg-un) "Nijmegen." For the point, name this 1977 Richard Attenborough-directed epic film whose name is a quotation about Allied overextension during Operation Market Garden. ANSWER: A Bridge Too Far 153-12-72-25108 9. This man approved Copsi, Cospatrick, and Robert de Comines for the same earlship during a year-long span in which Osulf also usurped that earlship. In one military victory, this man’s army fired arrows uphill to wound fyrdmen and break a shield-wall set up by housecarls on Senlac Hill. This king reacted to competing claims by Edgar Atheling with the destructive Harrying of the North, whose effects are recorded in his census-like (DOOMS-day) Domesday Book. For the point, name this leader who defeated Harold Godwinson at Hastings to establish Norman rule in England. ANSWER: William I of England [or William the Conqueror; or William the Bastard; or Guillaume I; prompt on partial answer] 104-12-72-25109 2013 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 2 of 28 © HSAPQ 10. One section of this work posited that planets and comets move through ether that has a resistance six hundred thousand times less than water. The fourth edition of this book ended with a series of 31 questions called “Queries”, which included hypotheses about chemical affinity and the origin of the universe. This book’s author published it after the death of Robert Hooke, who disagreed with its corpuscular theory. This book also showed that color is related to angle of refraction. For the point, name this treatise about light by Isaac Newton. ANSWER: Opticks 048-12-72-25110 11. This man’s house arrest led to the 15 Khordad movement. One dictum of this man led to the death of Hitoshi Igarashi, and this man ordered the killing of several thousand political prisoners, most of which were members of the PMOI. This man was exiled to Turkey and France after opposing the secularization policies of a prior regime. This man issued an edict against the author of The Satanic Verses. For the point, name this leader who took control of a revolution against the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 and became the first Supreme Leader of Iran. ANSWER: Ayatollah Ruhollah Mostafavi Musavi Khomeini 048-12-72-25111 12. In one song on this album, the singer notes, “Your favorite record’s on the turntable; I drop the needle and pray,” to which the background singers repeat, “Turn it up.” The final song on this album was originally written about the decline of Asbury Park, New Jersey. The title track of this album instructs the speaker to “come on up” for the title event and “lay your hands in mine.” Tracks on this album include “Mary’s Place,” “Lonesome Day,” and “My City of Ruins.” For the point, name this Bruce Springsteen album written in response to the September 11 attacks. ANSWER: The Rising 014-12-72-25112 13. The writing of this phrase is usually credited to Peter Robinson. This line was followed by a promise to understand “the fear of war and the pain of division.” It was called “provocative and war-mongering” by Tass, and then-deputy national security advisor Colin Powell opposed this line as undiplomatic. It ended a paragraph that said "if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity" and was delivered in June 1987 at the Brandenburg Gate. For the point, quote this phrase from a Ronald Reagan speech, which challenged the USSR to allow the reunification of Germany. ANSWER: “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” 019-12-72-25113 14. This man described the rape of the maid Rosa in one short story. This man's views on Zionism were explored in critic Dan Miron's essay "Sadness in Palestine?!," and in one story he explained the stop-and-start construction of a historical edifice as symbolic of an Asian country's history. This author of "The Great Wall of China" put the parable “Before the Law” into the mouth of a priest, who encounters K, a man who has been struggling against a mysterious court. For the point, name this author of “"A Country Doctor," The Trial, and "The Metamorphosis." ANSWER: Franz Kafka 191-12-72-25114 2013 National History Bee National Championships Bee Finals Page 3 of 28 © HSAPQ 15. This composer wrote an opera with a libretto by Thomas Betterton in which the title character fulfills a prophecy by killing a man whose name means “boar” and becomes emperor. The most famous work by this composer of Dioclesian is indebted to John Blow’s Venus and Adonis. One of his operas features the aria “When I am laid in earth,” commonly known as a title queen’s “lament.” For the point, name this English Baroque composer of the semi-opera The Fairy-Queen and one of the first English operas, Dido and Aeneas.
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