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Muslim Women in the UK and Bosnia: Religious Identities in Contrasting Contexts Sanja Bilic Phd the University of York Centre Fo
Muslim Women in the UK and Bosnia: Religious Identities in Contrasting Contexts Sanja Bilic PhD The University of York Centre for Women’s Studies September, 2013 Abstract This thesis explores Muslim women’s religious identities and the processes through which they construct and narrate these identities by comparing Bosnian and UK Muslim women. Disproportionate political and media attention on Muslim women in Europe has in turn prompted an increase in academic interest. However, most academic research neglects the experiences of the indigenous European Muslim women thereby maintaining the image of the foreign ‘other’. This research forges a more inclusive approach by considering the views of indigenous European Muslim women. The study is based on interviews with 20 Muslim women, four focus groups and observation of the activities of three Muslim women’s organisations. I subscribe to a feminist perspective where participants’ voices are privileged and, since I belong to both communities, the complexities of my positionality were constantly reflected upon during the course of the research. My analysis is organised around three main themes that emerged from my participants’ accounts of religious identity: family life, hijab and women’s organisations. Family was identified as an important factor in these women’s early perceptions of Islam. However, violent events – the war in Bosnia and the effects of 9/11 and 7/7 in the UK – affected women’s reflections on what it means to be a Muslim woman in Europe, initiating independent re-evaluation of religious identity. This process was transformative, often resulting in a decision to wear the hijab and/or to seek out spaces that encourage a positive sense of Muslim identity such as women’s organisations. -
Contact Languages Around the World and Their Levels of Endangerment
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa Vol. 12 (2018), pp. 53–79 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24764 Revised Version Received: 23 Jan 2017 Contact languages around the world and their levels of endangerment Nala H. Lee National University of Singapore This paper provides an up-to-date report on the vitality or endangerment status of contact languages around the world, including pidgins, creoles, and mixed lan- guages. By utilizing information featured in the Endangered Languages Project and the Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Languages online portals, 96 contact languages are assessed on the Language Endangerment Index, a method of assessment that is based on four factors including intergenerational transmission, absolute num- ber of speakers, speaker number trends, and domains of use. Results show that the contact languages are most at risk with respect to intergenerational transmis- sion and domains of use. This is explained by the social and historical nature of contact languages. Overall results further raise the concern that the proportion of pidgins, creoles and mixed languages at some level of risk is extremely high. Rea- sons are provided for why linguists should be concerned about the endangerment of these languages. 1. Introduction1 While the language endangerment problem has been generally well- highlighted in linguistics, the endangerment of contact languages has not received the same level of attention. Krauss (1992) postulates that at least half and possibly as much as 90% of the world’s languages will no longer be spoken by the end of the present century, while a more recent empirical study estimates a slightly less catas- trophic rate of loss, at one language every three months (Campbell et al. -
Indo-Caribbean African-Isms
Indo-Caribbean African-isms: Blackness in Guyana and South Africa By Andre Basheir A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Graduate Department of Sociology and Equity Studies in Education University of Toronto © Copyright by Andre Basheir 2013 ii Indo-Caribbean African-ism: Blackness in Guyana and South Africa Master of Arts, 2013 Andre Basheir, Sociology and Equity Studies in Education, University of Toronto Abstract In an attempt to close the gaps between diaspora and regional studies an Afro-Asian comparative perspective on African and Indian identity will be explored in the countries of Guyana and South Africa. The overlying aim of the ethnographic research will be to see whether blackness can be used as a unifier to those belonging to enslaved and indentured diasporas. Comparisons will be made between the two race models of the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean worlds. A substantial portion will be set aside for a critique of the concept of Coolitude including commentary on V.S. Naipaul. Further, mixing, creolization, spirituality and the cultural politics of Black Consciousness, multiculturalism, and dreadlocks will be exemplified as AfroAsian encounters. iii Acknowledgements Firstly, I like to thank all the people in the areas I conducted my fieldwork (South Africa especially). I befriend many people who had enormous amounts of hospitality. Specifically, Mark, Bridgette and family as well as Omar, Pinky and Dr. Naidoo and family for letting me stay with them and truly going out of their way to help my research efforts. Many thanks goes to a large list of others that I interviewed. -
Mauritian Creole: an Introduction. INSTITUTION Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 048 598 AL 002 785 AUTHOR Goodman, Morris F.; And Others TITLE Mauritian Creole: An Introduction. INSTITUTION Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Peace Corps (Dept. of State) ,Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Apr 71 NOTE 355p. EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$13.16 DESCRIPTORS Audiolingual Me'aods, *Conversational Language Courses, Cultural Context, Glossaries, Grammar, *Instructional Materials, *Language Instruction, *Mauritian Creole, Pattern Drills (Language), Pronunciation Instruction IDENTIFIERS Microwave Approach ABSTRACT The format of this 23-unit course in Mauritian Creole is based on "microwave', cycles, each cycle beginning with the introduction of new material and ending with the use of that material in communication. A small amount of new material is introduced at a time (usually in a monolog, drill, or dialog) which, after a brief bit of practice is used for communication (in a communication activity or a dialog). An introductory section presents a short description of the history cf this form of Creole, considered the national language by many Mauritians, notes on the spelling, and suggestions to the student and the teacher: for using the material. Appended are additional dialogs and a section on pronunciation to provide practice on some of the aspects of Mauritian Creole likely to prove troublesome for American learners. An English-Mauritian Creole glossary concludes the text. (AMM) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG- INATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN- IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU- CATION FOSITION OR POLICY. -
Sources for the Study of South Asian People in Britain, 1600-1947
Sources for the Study of South Asian People in Britain, 1600-1947 www.bl.uk/subjects/black-britain-and-asian-britain Introduction Dean Mahomed (1759-1851), George IV's 'Shampooing Surgeon'. (Frontispiece, Shampooing, 1826). The British Library: 1507/1395). © The British Library Board. The British Library holds a wealth of materials illuminating the lives and experiences of a wide range of people from South Asia who came to Britain between 1600 and 1947, some of whom settled here. Traces of their lives can be found in the following sources: • India Office Records (IOR) • India Office Private Papers (Mss Eur) • Printed collections in European and South Asian languages • Newspapers • Ephemera • Prints, drawings and photographs • Oral history The India Office Records document, within the context of colonialism, the experiences of a range of Asian people visiting or living in Britain from 1600-1947. Only a small sample of the material relating to individuals and groups of South Asian people is provided here. Further information is in the online catalogues. Martin Moir’s General Guide to the India Office Records, (The British Library, 1988) explains the arrangement and content of the India Office Records. A PDF of Martin Moir’s Guide can be downloaded from the India Office Records and Private Papers Collection Guide. There are separate online catalogues for printed material and oral history. The published works of scholars in the field cited in the bibliography provide further information on source material at the British Library and elsewhere. www.bl.uk/subjects/black-britain-and-asian-britain 1 Sources for the Study of South Asian People in Britain, 1600-1947 The following guide, which focusses primarily on the India Office Records and Private Papers, has been compiled by Dr Rozina Visram, historian of the Asian presence in Britain and the author of several publications on the subject of Asian migration. -
Britain's Destitute Indians and Questions Of
Imperial Responsibilities: Britain’s Destitute Indians and Questions of (Un)Belonging, 1834-1914 Raminder K. Saini Department of History and Classical Studies Faculty of Arts McGill University, Montreal August 2017 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Raminder Saini 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... iii Résumé .......................................................................................................................................... iv Acronyms and Abbreviations .........................................................................................................v List of Tables, Figures, and Illustrations ...................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... vii Introduction ...................................................................................................................................1 Historiography: Britain’s South Asian Past ...........................................................................8 Scope of Study: Towards a History of Destitute Indians .....................................................16 Chapter One – “Protection for Lascars”: Creating Spaces for Relief ...................................24 -
Traditional Mauritian
11111111111111111111111111111 0100300026 TRADITIONAL MAURITIAN - SEGA TIPIK M ORIS/EN 1.0 IDENTIFICATION OF THE ELEMENT 1.1 Name of the element, as used by Sega Tipik Marisien- Sega Tradisionel, Sega community or group concerned; Ravann 1.2 Short, maximally informative title Performing Arts- Songs, music and dance in (including indication of domain(s)); Mauritian Kreollanguage 1.3 Community(ies) concerned; Practitioners and Bearers: Slave descendants Audience and Custodians: Entire Mauritian population 1.4 Physicallocation(s) of element; Mauritius 1.5 Short description The Traditional Mauritian Sega locally known as Sega Tipik Morisien, also called Sega Tradisionel or sega ravann or only sega tipik is a performing art form which encompasses musical instruments, songs in the Mauritian creole language and dance. The instruments basically consist of the ravann , the maravann and the triyang . The Sega tipik can be grouped in 2 categories, the formal and the informal performance. The formal performance is often choreographed and performers where uniforms where generally woman wear long and large skirts often white and man wear rolled pants, colourful or plain shirts and straw hat. Presently, Sega Tipik Morisien is performed during folkloric festivals, national events like National Day celebrations, the commemoration of the Abolition of Slavery and Music Day and in even in hotels. However, sega tipik is viewed in its simple form in informal performances. lt is often performed in family events in the backyard of the house, on the beach or any place of gathering of family members and friends. The traditional performance of Sega Tipik Morisien is divided into several stages: • The heating of the ravann next to a fire to tune it • The call of the ravann (lape/L given by a soloist and that motivates people to gather around the instrumentalists. -
'The Most Cosmopolitan Island Under the Sun'
‘The Most Cosmopolitan Island under the Sun’? Negotiating Ethnicity and Nationhood in Everyday Mauritius Reena Jane Dobson Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Cultural Research University of Western Sydney December 2009 The work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original except as acknowledged in the text. I hereby declare that I have not submitted this material either in full or in part, for a degree at this or any other institution. Reena Dobson Dedication I dedicate this thesis to my grandmother, my Nani, whose life could not have been more different from my own. I will always be grateful that I was able to grow up knowing her. I also dedicate this thesis to my parents, whose interest, support and encouragement never wavered, and who were always there to share stories and memories and to help make the roots clearer. Acknowledgements At the tail end of a thesis journey which has involved entangled routes and roots, I would like to express my deepest and most heartfelt thanks to my wonderful partner, Simon White, who has been living the journey with me. His passionate approach to life has been a constant inspiration. He introduced me to good music, he reminded me to breathe, he tiptoed tactfully around as I sat in writing mode, he made me laugh when I wanted to cry, and he celebrated every writing victory – large and small – with me. I am deeply indebted to my brilliant supervisors, Associate Professor Greg Noble, Dr Zoë Sofoulis and Associate Professor Brett Neilson, who have always been ready with intellectual encouragement and inspiring advice. -
Notes on the History and the Syntax of Mauritian Creole1
Notes on the history and the syntax of Mauritian Creole1 PIETERA. M. SEUREN Abstract The central question behind the various topics discussed in this paper is the question of the LINGUISTIC status of Creole languages. They do have similar historical backgrounds, but do they also have linguistic features in common, and if so, how can they be explained? Certain features of the history and syntax of Mauritian Creole (MC) are used to bring more light to this problem area. The view is defended that MC was not, or not significantly, influenced by any West African languages. Verb serialization and predicate clefting, two clearly West African linguistic features found in the Caribbean Creoles, are notably absent in MC. No other convincingly West African features can be identified. The highly particular features common to MC and the French-based Caribbean Creoles are tentatively attributed to a French-based nautical pidgin and/or Creole in French trading posts in East and West Africa. Against this background a few MC-specific grammatical phenomena, in particular the rule of verb apocope, in connection with phenomena of verb complementation, the formation of WH-words, and the system of preverbal markers for tense, modality, and aspect, are described and analyzed. MC appears to have two raising rules, predicate raising and subject raising, which alternate in such a way that SVO word order is not disturbed. It is shown that all the phenomena in question manifest a tendency to maximize semantic transparency (in the sense that the amount of process- ing required to get from semantic structures to surface structures and vice versa is minimized). -
Re-Scripting Colonial Heritage (Cultura. Vol. XI, No. 2 (2014))
CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2014 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2014 Vol XI No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL ISBN 978-3-631-66062-1 www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2014_266062_VOL_11_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 03.12.14 12:11 CULTURA CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE CULTURA AND AXIOLOGY Founded in 2004, Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of 2014 Culture and Axiology is a semiannual peer-reviewed journal devo- 2 2014 Vol XI No 2 ted to philosophy of culture and the study of value. It aims to pro- mote the exploration of different values and cultural phenomena in regional and international contexts. The editorial board encourages the submission of manuscripts based on original research that are judged to make a novel and important contribution to understan- ding the values and cultural phenomena in the contempo rary world. CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY CULTURE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL www.peterlang.com CULTURA 2014_266062_VOL_11_No2_GR_A5Br.indd 1 03.12.14 12:11 CULTURA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE AND AXIOLOGY Cultura. International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology E-ISSN (Online): 2065-5002 ISSN (Print): 1584-1057 Advisory Board Prof. -
Fear, Loathing, and Victorian Xenophobia
Fear, Loathing, and Victorian Xenophobia Fear, Loathing, and Victorian Xenophobia Edited By Marlene Tromp Maria K. Bachman Heidi Kaufman The Ohio State University Press | Columbus Copyright © 2013 by The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Fear, loathing, and Victorian xenophobia / Edited by Marlene Tromp, Maria K. Bachman, and Heidi Kaufman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8142-1195-3 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-8142-9296-9 (cd) 1. English literature—19th century—History and criticism. 2. Outsiders in literature. 3. Preju- dices in literature. 4. Identity (Psychology) in literature. 5. Xenophobia—Great Britain—19th century. I. Tromp, Marlene, 1966– II. Bachman, Maria K., 1963– III. Kaufman, Heidi, 1969– PR468.O77F43 2013 820.9'008—dc23 2012017517 Cover design by Mia Risberg Text design by Juliet Williams Type set in Adobe Garamond Pro Printed by Thomson-Shore, Inc. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48–1992. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix Intro duction · Coming to Terms with Xenophobia: Fear and Loathing in Nineteenth-Century England MARLENE Tromp, MARIA K. Bachman, and HEIDI Kaufman 1 Part I · Epidemic Fear 1 The Pollution of the East: Economic Contamination and Xenophobia in Little Dorrit and The Mystery of Edwin Drood MARLENE Tromp 27 2 Victorian Quarantines: Holding the Borders against “Fevered” Italian Masculinity in Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s “St. -
The Mauritian Creole and the Concept of Creolization
TU DIMUNN PU VINI KREOL: THE MAURITIAN CREOLE AND THE CONCEPT OF CREOLIZATION THOMAS HYLLAND ERIKSEN Lecture delivered at the Transnational Communities programme, Oxford University, December 1999. Available as a working paper here. The concept of cultural creolisation, introduced in anthropology by Ulf Hannerz (see Hannerz 1992), refers to the intermingling and mixing of two or several formerly discrete traditions or cultures. In an era of global mass communication and capitalism, creolisation can be identified nearly everywhere in the world, but there are important differences as to the degree of mixing. The concept has been criticized for essentialising cultures (as if the merging traditions were "pure" at the outset, cf. Friedman 1994). Although this critique may sometimes be relevant, the concept nevertheless helps making sense of a great number of contemporary cultural processes, characterised by movement, change and fuzzy boundaries. Creolisation, as it is used by some anthropologists, is an analogy taken from linguistics. This discipline in turn took the term from a particular aspect of colonialism, namely the uprooting and displacement of large numbers of people in the plantation economies of certain colonies, such as Louisiana, Jamaica, Trinidad, Réunion and Mauritius. Both in the Caribbean basin and in the Indian Ocean, certain (or all) groups who contributed to this economy during slavery were described as creoles. Originally, a criollo meant a European (normally a Spaniard) born in the New World (as opposed to peninsulares); today, a similar usage is current in La Réunion, where everybody born in the island, regardless of skin colour, is seen as créole, as opposed to the zoreils who were born in metropolitan France.