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A Molecular Phylogeny Recovers Strabomantis Aramunha Cassimiro, Verdade and Rodrigues, 2008 and Haddadus Binotatus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Terrarana) As Sister Taxa

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A Molecular Phylogeny Recovers Strabomantis Aramunha Cassimiro, Verdade and Rodrigues, 2008 and Haddadus Binotatus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Terrarana) As Sister Taxa Zootaxa 3741 (4): 569–582 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3741.4.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:74D5A225-9727-48BE-B273-64E8D84FF19C A molecular phylogeny recovers Strabomantis aramunha Cassimiro, Verdade and Rodrigues, 2008 and Haddadus binotatus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Terrarana) as sister taxa RENATA C. AMARO1,7, IVAN NUNES2, CLARISSA CANEDO2,, MARCELO F. NAPOLI3, FLORA A. JUNCÁ4, VANESSA K. VERDADE5, CÉLIO F.B. HADDAD6 & MIGUEL T. RODRIGUES1 1Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Caixa Postal 11.461, 05422-970 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3Universidade Federal da Bahia, Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil 4Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil 5Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Avenida dos Estados, n5001, 09210-971 Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil 6Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘‘Júlio de Mesquita Filho’’, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil 7Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The taxonomic and biogeographic affinities of Strabomantis aramunha from the Campos Rupestres of Brazil are intrigu- ing. A unique skull morphology of females suggest affinities with the broad-headed eleutherodactylines of Northwestern South America in the genus Strabomantis. Male and juvenile morphology nonetheless suggest S. aramunha could be re- lated to members of the recently described genus Haddadus from eastern Brazil. We assess the affinities of S. aramunha using molecular phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial (12S, tRNAval, 16S, cyt b) and nuclear sequences (RAG-1and rhodopsin). Bayesian inference, likelihood, and parsimony analysis recover a highly supported clade with S. aramunha and H. binotatus as sister taxa. Accordingly, we transfer S. aramunha to Haddadus, and provide a new generic definition of the later. The distribution of species in Haddadus (highlands of the Espinhaço mountain Range and coastal eastern Bra- zil) is now concordant with the general pattern observed for other species in the area. Key words: Haddadus aramunha, molecular data, new combination, nomenclature, phylogeny Introduction Molecular phylogenetic studies have resulted in several taxonomic changes at the family and generic levels within Terrarana (an unranked name for direct developing frogs created by Hedges et al. 2008) during the last ten years (see Darst & Cannatella 2004; Crawford & Smith 2005; Frost et al. 2006; Heinicke et al. 2007, 2009; Hedges et al. 2008; Padial et al. 2009; Canedo & Haddad 2012). In this context, frogs formerly placed in the highly speciose paraphyletic genus Eleutherodactylus were partitioned in several other genera (e.g., Frost et al. 2006; Hedges et al. 2008; Padial et al. 2009). The recent results presented by Canedo & Haddad (2012) indicated the non-monophyly of yet some other genera in the current taxonomy (e.g. Ischnocnema sensu Hedges et al. 2008). Despite progress in our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of Terraranas and the consequent improvement in their taxonomy, several relationships inferred by Frost et al. (2006), Hedges et al. (2008), Padial et al. (2009), Pyron & Wiens (2011), and Canedo & Haddad (2012) are poorly supported, many species have not yet been sampled, and other lack substantial amounts of evidence. These limitations suggest that additional work is still much needed. Accepted by J. Padial: 29 Oct. 2013; published: 29 Nov. 2013 569 Superior (Capes) and FAPERJ for fellowship and support; FAJ acknowledges Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) for support; CFBH acknowledges São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grant # 2008/50928- 1 and CNPq for financial support; MFN acknowledges CNPq for fellowship (process number 309672/2012-0). References Amaro, R.C., Pavan, D. & Rodrigues, M.T. (2009) On the generic identity of Odontophrynus moratoi Jim & Caramaschi, 1980 (Anura, Cycloramphidae). Zootaxa, 2071, 61–68. Bokermann, W.C.A. (1966) Lista anotada das localidades tipo de anfíbios brasileiros. Serviço de Documentação, RUSP, São Paulo, 181 pp. Bossuyt, F. & Milinkovitch, M.C. (2000). Convergent adaptive radiations in Madagascan and Asian ranid frogs reveal covariation between larval and adult traits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 6585–6590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.12.6585 Boulenger, G.A. 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