UNITED STATES HISTORY

For each multiple choice question, fill in the appropriate location on the scantron

1. Which best explains the impact of Eli Whitney’s cotton 7. Social Darwinism, the theory of survival of the fittest in gin on slavery the social and business world, was used to justify A. It made harvesting cotton easier; so many slaves A. taxes were set free B. labor unions B. Many slaves were trained to operate the new C. strikes invention D. big business C. Many slaves were killed or injured working with the cotton gin 8. Settlement houses were founded in Chicago in the late D. It created a cotton boom and increased the need for 1800s by more slaves A. Jane Addams B. Elizabeth Cady Stanton 2. Which issue discussed at the Seneca Falls Convention C. Susan B. Anthony (1848) was most important to the people in attendance? D. Carrie Chapman Catt A. Temperance B. The Second Bank of the US 9. What was the Lend-Lease Act? C. Indian treaties A. a statement of war aims compiled by Roosevelt & D. Women’s rights Churchill B. a non-aggression pact between Germany & the 3. As a result of England’s policy of “salutary neglect”, the Soviet Union colonies developed C. a policy allowing the President to provide arms to A. a desire for British goods certain foreign countries B. a self-sufficient economy D. an order to shoot German U-boats on sight C. a disloyal attitude toward Britain D. a desire for self-government 10. Where did the United States drop the atomic bomb? A. Hiroshima and Nagasaki 4. The Articles of Confederation was unsuccessful as a B. Hiroshima and Okinawa government system because C. Okinawa and Iwo Jima A. It established a common currency D. Iwo Jima and Guadal Canal B. It established a balance of power between national & state governments 11. The evidence in the Watergate case, based on testimony C. It established a weak national government & on the White House tapes, included that Nixon D. It established a strong national government A. Was innocent of any wrong doing B. Was involved in the case but was not proven guilty of 5. The Monroe Doctrine any crime A. convinced Russia to give up its claims on Alaska & its C. Was guilty of some minor crimes but was not proven interest in the Northwest guilty B. ordered European powers to abandon their existing D. Was guilty of a major crime: obstructing justice by colonies in the Western Hemisphere covering up evidences of the crimes of others C. warned European powers not to interfere with the affairs of the Western Hemisphere 12. “Reaganomics” or “supply side” economics, operated D. proclaimed the intention of the US to create new from the assumption that the woes of the American colonies in the Western Hemisphere economy were largely a result of A. Interest rates 6. The Emancipation Proclamation freed B. Foreign causes A. all slaves C. Excessive taxation B. only slaves in the border states D. Inadequate government spending C. only slaves in the Confederacy D. only slaves in the North 13. During the Gulf War, the United States & its allies fought the forces of A. Iraq B. Iran C. Saudi Arabia D. Kuwait

14. President Johnson’s Great Society programs included all 21. Which president of the United States is most associated of the following EXCEPT with the Camp David peace talks in 1978? A. A federal aid to poor elementary and high school A. Richard Nixon districts B. Jimmy Carter B. Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to C. George H.W. Bush guarantee equality for women D. Gerald Ford C. Federal health insurance for the elderly and medical care for the poor and disabled 22. In 1979, which country took hostages from an American D. Federal funding for self-help programs for the poor embassy? A. Lebanon 15. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution B. Saudi Arabia A. Expressed the power feeling of the majority of C. Iran Americans D. Israel B. Authorized the President to take all necessary steps to defend US forces and interest in Vietnam 23. What were the Pentagon Papers? C. Approved the overthrow of the Diem government in A. newspapers published by the Pentagon to keep Vietnam people up to date on current events D. Authorized the use of up to 500,000 US troops in B. a top secret history of the US military involvement in Vietnam Vietnam C. a treaty signed by the US and South Vietnam in 16. The Tet Offensive resulted in all of the following EXCEPT which the US agreed to help them A. The military defeat of US forces in South Vietnam D. documents outlining the organizational structure of B. Significant military losses by the Vietcong the US military C. Reduced public support for Johnson’s conduct of the war 24. On which college campus were four protesters of the D. US diplomats advising Johnson against further Vietnam War killed by members of the Ohio National escalation of the war Guard? A. Ohio State University 17. Freedom Riders in the early 1960s aimed at B. Kent State University A. The integration of the public schools C. Youngstown State University B. The desegregation of bus stations D. the University of Cincinnati C. An end to discrimination in employment D. The promotion of voting rights for all 25. Which act of Congress restricted the president’s power to commit troops to foreign countries without Congressional 18. In her book, the Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan approval? argued for the idea that A. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution A. Women who lived the “ideal life” as the suburban B. The War Powers Act of 1973 housewife were often not fulfilled individuals C. The Civil Rights Act B. Women who banded together could overcome a D. The Freedom of Information Act male-dominated society C. The happiest women were those who led fulfilled 26. How did government policies of the Gilded Age of the lives in purely domestic roles late 1800s promote industrialization? D. The women’s political movement was unnecessary A. Imperialism fueled steel production in the US B. New Deal policies created jobs for many of the 19. The term “McCarthyism” derives from events in the early unemployed 1950s involving C. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act allowed for regulation of A. Labor union strikes and unrest big business B. Charges of corruption against government officials D. Laissez-faire policies allowed private businesses to C. The influence of interest groups in determining operate freely government policy D. Unsupported charges of treason and subversive 27. The main goal of affirmative action programs is to activity A. enforce racial segregation laws B. secure equal voting rights for African Americans 20. Which government agency was formed in 1970 in order to C. provide affordable child care prevent the pollution of America’s water, air, and land? D. promote economic gains for minorities and women A. the Department of Health and Human Services B. the Bureau of Land Management 28. President John F. Kennedy supported the 1961 Bay of C. the National Park Service Pigs invasion of Cuba as an effort to D. the Environmental Protection Agency A. remove a communist dictator from power B. stop the flow of illegal drugs to the United States C. support Fidel Castro’s efforts for reform D. rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom fighters

29. In the 1950’s, the domino theory was used by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to justify A. sending federal troops into Little Rock, Arkansas B. United States involvement in Vietnam C. joining the United Nations D. opposing Britain and France in the Suez Canal crisis

30. How did Supreme Court decisions under Chief Justice 37. Which idea did Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet John Marshall affect government in the United States? support before 1820? A. Federal power increased at the expense of the states A. organization of American Indians into a separate state B. Strict limits were placed on congressional use of the B. assimilation of American Indians into US society elastic clause C. unification of American Indians in resistance to the US C. The impeachment of federal judges was declared government unconstitutional D. relocation of American Indians west of the Mississippi D. State powers under the 10th amendment were expanded River

31. How did President George Washington react to the 38. Why did many Mormons migrate to the western United conflict between France and England in 1793? States? A. He used the opportunity to begin the war for American A. to pursue gold mining independence B. to avoid the slavery conflict B. He declared the neutrality of the United States C. to take advantage of cheap farmland C. He aided the French because they had supported the D. to escape religious persecution American Revolution D. He negotiated a peace settlement between the warring 39. Which part of the Compromise of 1850 received the nations greatest support from Southerners? A. the admission of California as a free state 32. What is the significance of Pinckney’s Treaty (1795) with B. the passage of a strict fugitive slave law Spain? C. the end of the slave trade in Washington DC A. It gave the United States the right to navigate the D. the allowance of popular sovereignty in new territories Mississippi B. It gave the United States most-favored nation status 40. Why did the House of Representatives impeach Andrew C. It allowed Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Johnson? Territory A. The president refused to follow Lincoln’s Reconstruction D. It moved the Shawnee to the Indiana Territory plan B. The president violated the Tenure of Office Act 33. Why did the Congress pass the Alien and Sedition Acts of C. Congress wanted to test the 15th amendment 1798? D. The Supreme Court supported separation of powers A. to prevent immigrants from joining the Federalist Party B. to prevent a war with France 41. What impact did the transcontinental railroad have on C. to prevent government opposition the economy of the West during the mid-1800s? D. to prevent immigration from Canada A. decreased the need for government regulation B. increased the time needed to ship products to other 34. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were based on regions which principle? C. decreased the use of eastern rail lines A. the state’s rights to nullify acts of the federal D. increased settlement and growth in the region government B. the Supreme Court’s right to nullify acts of Congress 42. Which invention made western farming more efficient in C. Congress’ right to nullify acts of the states the mid-1800s? D. the president’s right to nullify rulings of the Supreme A. the Model T Court B. the steel plow C. the Bessemer Process 35. During Thomas Jefferson’s presidency, which event D. the assembly line challenged his strict constructionist philosophy? A. the Judiciary Act of 1801 43. During the mid to late 1800s, which major problem was B. the Embargo Act of 1807 more common for a farmer in the West than a farmer living C. the Louisiana Purchase east of the Mississippi River? D. the Lewis and Clark Expedition A. unemployment B. deflation 36. What impact did the Battle of New Orleans have on the C. high railroad rates United States in 1815? D. rising interest rates A. It weakened the strength of the US military B. It resolved the issue of British impressment of US ships 44. Which issue led to the organization of the Populist Party? C. It caused the US to lose access to the Gulf port A. the desire to lift the burden of debt from farmers and D. It boosted a sense of patriotism and unity among US other workers citizens B. the collapse of the Second Bank of the United States C. an increase in immigration D. limited availability of land in the West for use by new farmers

45. Which factor contributed most to the passage of the 54. What did the flapper image of the 1920s represent for US Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882? women? A. lack of mining jobs A. changing religious roles B. economic war in Asia B. a challenge to traditional values C. overcrowded neighborhoods C. greater political influence D. rise of nativism D. more educational opportunities

46. Susan B. Anthony is best known for which area of reform? 55. Which factor added to the hardships of Midwestern A. labor farmers during the Great Depression? B. immigration A. the Dust Bowl C. prohibition B. the end of Prohibition D. suffrage C. the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt D. the creation of the War Industries Board 47. Which congressional act was passed to end the abuses of the spoils system? 56. Which economic policy did President Franklin D. A. Pendleton Act Roosevelt use to respond to the Great Depression? B. Sherman Antitrust Act A. supply-side C. Hepburn Act B. laissez-faire D. Foraker Act C. deficit spending D. global interdependence 48. Which event contributed most to the demise of the Knights of Labor? 57. After the US Supreme Court ruled that several New Deal A. Great Chicago Fire programs were unconstitutional, how did President Franklin B. Haymarket Square Riot Roosevelt try to influence future decisions of the Court? C. Homestead Strike A. by asking important congressmen to start impeachment D. Pullman Company Strike charges against court justices B. by appointing a new chief justice to the Supreme Court 49. Which of the following business strategies would late- C. by paying bribes to several justices 1800’s industrial leaders use to establish a monopoly? D. by trying to increase the number of Supreme Court A. form a joint stock company justices B. use a horizontal integration system C. make a contract with labor union leaders 58. Which term best describes the diplomacy followed by D. develop a nationwide advertising campaign some European nations in their relations with Germany, Italy, and Japan between 1931 and 1939? 50. Which event is associated with the outbreak of war A. appeasement between the US and Spain in 1898? B. non-aggression A. the sinking of the USS Maine C. isolationism B. the Poncho Villa raids D. containment C. the sinking of the Lusitania D. the announcement of Mexican independence

51. Which event was a reason for the United States entry into the First World War? A. the launch of the German battleship Bismarck B. the German invasion of Belgium and Holland C. the sinking of the Lusitania D. the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

52. How were the civil liberties of US citizens threatened during World War I? A. The US government created the Dawes Plan B. The US government started a military draft C. The US government restricted freedom of speech D. The US government decided to join the League of Nations

53. During the 1920s, which leader of the Universal Negro Improvement Association advocated a return to Africa for African Americans? A. Ida B. Wells B. Marcus Garvey C. David Walker D. Booker T. Washington