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Chloromethane

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Chloromethane Common Name: METHYL CHLORIDE CAS Number: 74-87-3 RTK Substance number: 1235 DOT Number: UN 1063 Date: March 1998 Revision: August 2004 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * Methyl Chloride can affect you when breathed in and by from your employer. You have a legal right to this passing through your skin. information under OSHA 1910.1020. * Long-term exposure to Methyl Chloride may damage the * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health testes. problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational * Contact with liquid Methyl Chloride can cause frostbite diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. and severe skin and eye burns, leading to permanent * ODOR THRESHOLD = 10 ppm. damage. * The range of accepted odor threshold values is quite * Breathing Methyl Chloride can irritate the lungs causing broad. Caution should be used in relying on odor alone as coughing and/or shortness of breath. a warning of potentially hazardous exposures. * Higher levels can cause headache, dizziness, drowsiness, unconsciousness, convulsions, and death. WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS * Exposure can cause blurred or double vision and OSHA: The legal permissible exposure limit (PEL) is “drunken” behavior. 100 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift, with * Methyl Chloride may damage the liver and kidneys and a ceiling level of 200 ppm, and a maximum can interfere with brain function. acceptable peak of 300 ppm for 5 minutes in any * Methyl Chloride is a HIGHLY FLAMMABLE GAS and 3-hour period. a DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD. NIOSH: Recommends that exposure to occupational IDENTIFICATION carcinogens be limited to the lowest feasible Methyl Chloride is a colorless gas with a faint sweet odor. It concentration. is stored as a liquid in compressed gas cylinders. It is used as a refrigerant and in making other chemicals. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 50 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift and REASON FOR CITATION 100 ppm as a STEL (short term exposure limit). * Methyl Chloride is on the Hazardous Substance List * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even DOT, NIOSH, DEP, IARC, IRIS, NFPA and EPA. though air levels are less than the limits listed above. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List because it is FLAMMABLE. * Definitions are provided on page 5. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be EXPOSED worn. The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers * Wear protective work clothing. to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public * On skin contact with liquid Methyl Chloride, immediately employers to provide their employees with information and submerse the affected body part in warm water. training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Methyl federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 1910.1200, Chloride and at the end of the workshift. requires private employers to provide similar training and * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In information to their employees. addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely safety hazards of Methyl Chloride to potentially exposed evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area workers. air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results METHYL CHLORIDE page 2 of 6 This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and potential and most severe health hazards that may result from present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance damage already done are not a substitute for controlling and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the exposure. potential effects described below. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION Mixed Exposures Acute Health Effects * Because more than light alcohol consumption can cause The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur liver damage, drinking alcohol can increase the liver immediately or shortly after exposure to Methyl Chloride: damage caused by Methyl Chloride. * Contact with liquid Methyl Chloride can cause frostbite WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES and severe skin and eye burns, leading to permanent damage. Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous * Breathing Methyl Chloride can irritate the lungs causing substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most coughing and/or shortness of breath. effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to * Higher levels can cause headache, dizziness, drowsiness, enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at unconsciousness, convulsions, and death. the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is Chronic Health Effects less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at sometimes necessary. some time after exposure to Methyl Chloride and can last for months or years: In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the Cancer Hazard substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether * There is limited evidence that Methyl Chloride causes harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls cancer in animals. It may cause cancer of the kidneys. should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when * Many scientists believe there is no safe level of exposure to significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. a carcinogen. In addition, the following controls are recommended: Reproductive Hazard * There is limited evidence that Methyl Chloride is a * Specific engineering controls are required for this chemical teratogen in animals. Until further testing has been done, it by OSHA. Refer to the OSHA Standard: 29 CFR should be treated as a possible teratogen in humans. 1910.101 for Compressed gases. * Methyl Chloride may damage the testes (male * Before entering a confined space where Methyl Chloride reproductive glands) and decrease fertility in male rats. may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Other Long-Term Effects * Exposure can cause blurred or double vision and “drunken” Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous behavior. exposures. The following work practices are recommended: * Methyl Chloride may damage the liver and kidneys. * Long-term exposure can interfere with brain function, * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Methyl causing clumsiness, headache, dizziness, poor judgment and Chloride should change into clean clothing promptly. memory, slurred speech, sleep disturbances and personality * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate changes (depression, irritability). work area for emergency use. * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency shower facilities should be provided. MEDICAL * On skin contact with Methyl Chloride, immediately wash or shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the Medical Testing workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the contacted Methyl Chloride, whether or not known skin following are recommended: contact has occurred. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Methyl Chloride is * Liver and kidney function tests. handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be * Exam of the nervous system. swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, smoking, or using the toilet. * Do not smoke in the work area. Even a little vapor inhaled through a burning cigarette, cigar, or pipe will be converted into more highly toxic substances. METHYL CHLORIDE page 3 of 6 * Exposure to 2,000 ppm is immediately dangerous to life PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT and health. If the possibility of exposure above 2,000 ppm exists, use a NIOSH approved self-contained breathing WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN apparatus with a full facepiece operated in a pressure- PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for demand or other positive-pressure mode equipped with an some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs emergency escape air cylinder. done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace controls are being installed), personal protective equipment HANDLING AND STORAGE may be appropriate. * Prior to working with Methyl Chloride you should be OSHA 1910.132 requires employers to determine the trained on its proper handling and storage. appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and * Methyl Chloride is not compatible with OXIDIZING to train employees on how and when to use protective AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, equipment. PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE); and The following recommendations are
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