E2646

Public Disclosure Authorized V5

Social Evaluation Report for - Railway Passenger Dedicated Line

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized The Third Railway Survey and Design Institute Group Corporation

Public Disclosure Authorized

Tianjin

September 2010

Contents

Contents LIST OF TABLES··················································································································································· III 1. BRIEF INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ··························································································· 1 2. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN PROVINCE ········································ 1

2.1 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF CITIES AND COUNTIES ALONG THE LINE ·····································3 2.2 SOCIAL INVESTIGATION ALONG THE LINE ···································································································7 2.3 SOCIAL BENEFIT AND IMPACT ANALYSIS ····································································································12 3 ADAPTABILITY ANALYSIS··························································································································30

3.1 ATTITUDES OF DIFFERENT STAKEHOLDERS······························································································30 3.2 ATTITUDES OF LOCAL SOCIAL COMMUNITIES····························································································32 3.3 TRAFFIC DEMAND OF LOCAL SOCIAL COMMUNITIES AND RESIDENTS·······················································33 3.4 LOCAL SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATIONS ····················································································33 3.5 SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSES ·······················································································································35 3.6 RISK ANALYSES·········································································································································36 4. CONCLUSIONS··················································································································································37 ANNEX·······································································································································································38 ATTACHED FIGURE: MAP OF MINORITY TOWNSHIPS AFFECTED BY THE LINE ·························86 List of Tables

List of Tables

Table 2-1 Basic Situation of Affected Zones by Harbin-Jiamusi Passenger Railway Dedicated Line...... 6 Table 2-2 House structure ...... 10 Table 2-3 Households with water supply...... 10 Table 2-4 Appliance Ownership...... 10 Table 2-5 Ownership of Household Appliances ...... 10 Table 2-6 Income sources of affected households ...... 11 Table 2-7 Attitidue towards the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line ...... 7 Table 2-8The turnover volume of major stations Unit: 10000 passengers ...... 14 Table 2-9 poor families in part of villages and towms along the line...... 18 Table 2-10 Ethnic Minority Towns along the line ...... 21 Table 2-11 Minorities in affected regions along the line ...... 22 Table 2-12 Villages and towns along the line ...... 23 Table 2-13 Distribution of historical relics along the line ...... 26 Table 2-14 Hazard emissions of four transport means...... 29 Table 4-1 Social Risks Analyses ...... 36 List of Figures

List of Figures

Figure 2-1 Route Sketch of Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line ...... 1 Figure 2-2The turnover volume of major stations...... 14 Figure 2-3 Percentage of Affected People along the line ...... 24 Social Evaluation Report

1. Brief Introduction and Background

The Harbin-Jiamusi railway passenger dedicated line is a project jointly invested by the Chinese Ministry of Railways and the Provincial Department of Harbin. The project is located in the middle-east of Heilongjiang Province, starting from Harbin Railway Station, going through Bin County, Fangzheng County and Yilan County, and finally getting to Jiamusi Railway Station. A total length of the project is 342.057 km.

The Harbin-Jiamusi railway passenger dedicated line is also used as inter-city railroads. It is an important component of the North-east express railway dedicated passenger network, a fastest and most convenient passenger transport corridor from Northeast Heilongjiang to Harbin and the south of the Great Wall, and also a trunk line of inter-province passenger transport of Heilongjiang Province.

Static Investment for the project is 32.4925356 billion Yuan, part of which comes from the World Bank loan. In accordance with relevant regulations of the World Bank, a social evaluation shall be conducted as a large amount of land requisition and resettlement is to be conducted in the project. Purpose of the social evaluation is to identify the affected patterns, extent and scope of residents along the line, especially disadvantage groups and minorities, so as to propose specific measures on how to prevent the above mentioned groups from being affected and to ensure the implementation of these measures. Therefore, the Third Railway Survey and Design Institute Group Corporation is commissioned by the Foreign Capital & Technical Import Center, Ministry of Railways to conduct the study on social evaluation. 2. Social and Economic Conditions in Heilongjiang Province

The project is located in Heilongjiang Province, extending as far as Harbin in the west and Jiamusi in the east, and going by way of , , Bin County, Fangzheng County and Yilan County of Harbin City in the middle as well as the suburb of Jiamusi City. It is an important component of Heilongjiang express railway network (Figure 2-1).

According to the Statistics Yearbook of Heilongjiang Province (2009) formulated by Heilongjiang Statistics Bureau and Survey Office of the National Bureau of Statistics in Heiloangjiang Province, the permanent population of Heilongjiang Province was

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38. 25 million by the end of 2008, with a rate of natural population increase of 2.23%. GDP in 2008 was CNY 8.21 billion Yuan, 17.6% increased compared with that in 2007, and the average GDP per capita was CNY 21727 Yuan. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industry was 13.152.534.4. The total social investment in fixed assets in 2008 came to CNY 365.6 billion Yuan, increasing by 27.6% over the year of 2007. The fiscal revenue in 2008 was CNY 129.54 billion Yuan, up 28.3% on the previous year.

The number of urban registered unemployed people was 0.32 million in the whole province by late 2008, with the registered unemployment rate increasing by 3.6 percent over the previous year. The average annual salary of an urban employee was CNY 23046 Yuan, increasing by 18.9% over the year of 2007. The per-capita disposable income of urban residents was 11581 Yuan and the per-capita net income of rural people was 4856 billion Yuan, increasing by 13 percent and 17.5% over the previous year in real terms.

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Social Evaluation Report

2.1 Social and economic conditions of cities and counties along the line

Harbin: Harbin is the capital city of Heilongjiang Province, a modern central city of economy, politics, trade, science & technology, culture and tourism in the Northeast of . The area within the administrative area of Harbin is 5.3×104km2. The total population was 9.9 milion by the end of 2008, with Han constituting over a major percentage and consisting of other minorities including Manchu, Hui, Mongolia and Korean. In 2008, the local GDP was 286.82 billion Yuan, increasing by 17.7% over the previous year. Of this, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries reached 39.02 billion Yuan, 107.76 billion Yuan and 140.04 billion Yuan respectively, representing increases of 12.2%, 19.4% and 18%. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 13.637.648.8. GDP per capita was 29012 Yuan. The general budgetary revenue of local governments in 2008 was 16.4 billion Yuan, increasing by 24.2% over the previous year; the aggregate output value of industrial enterprises was 244.1 billion Yuan, increasing by 13.6% over the previous year; the total social investment in fixed assets was 134.13 billion Yuan, increasing by 30.1%; the total volume of retail sales of social consumables was 126.4 billion Yuan, increasing by 22%; and the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 14589 Yuan, increasing by 14.2%.

Jiamusi: Jiamusi is located in the confluence of Songhua River, Heilong River, and Wusuli Riber, a center of economy, politics, transport, and science & technology, as well as the biggest central city in the Northeast of Heilongjiang Province. The area within the administrative area of Jiamusi is 3.3×104km2. The total population was 2.52 milion by the end of 2008. There are 42 minorities in the whole city, representing 4.4% of the total population of the city, among which, population of Mongolia, Hui, Korean, Manchu and Hezhe occupying 98.5% of the total population of the 42 minorities. In 2008, the local GDP was 39.85 billion Yuan, increasing by 18.3 % over the previous year. Of this, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries reached 12.61 billion Yuan, 8.29 billion Yuan and 18.95 billion Yuan respectively, representing increases of 22.7%, 18.1% and 15.6%. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 31.620.847.6. GDP per capita was15871 Yuan. The general budgetary revenue of the local government in 2008 was 1.15 billion Yuan, increasing by 42% over the previous year; the aggregate output value of industrial enterprises was17.06 billion Yuan, increasing by 34.4% over the previous year; the total social investment in fixed assets was 9.6 billion Yuan; the total volume of retail sales of social consumables was 14.75 billion

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Yuan, increasing by 22.5%; and the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 10158 Yuan.

Bin County: The area within the administrative area of Bin County is 3845km2. The total population was 0.62 milion by the end of 2008, with a rate of natural population increase of 4.41%. The county consists of 17 villages and towns, with 10 minorities including Han, Manchu, Mongolia, Hui, Miao, Zhuang, Korean, Dong, Yao and Xibo. In 2008, the local GDP was 11.12 billion Yuan, increasing by 16.9 % over the previous year. Of this, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries reached 2.61 billion Yuan, 4.95 billion Yuan and 3.56 billion Yuan respectively, representing increases of 7%, 20.1% and 20.7%. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 23.544.532. GDP per capita was17821 Yuan, increasing by 16.1% over the previous year. The general budgetary revenue of the local government in 2008 was 0.26 billion Yuan, increasing by 21.1% over the previous year; the aggregate output value of industrial enterprises was 16.6 billion Yuan, increasing by 17.9% over the previous year; the total social investment in fixed assets was 4.49 billion Yuan, increasing by 31.7% ; the total volume of retail sales of social consumables was 28.5 billion Yuan, increasing by 22.3%; and the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 8938 Yuan and the per-capita net income of rural people was 5501 Yuan, increasing by 14% and 19.8% respectively.

Fangzheng County: The area within the administrative area of Bin County is 2969km2. The total population was 0.22 milion by the end of 2008. There are 17 minorities in the eight villages and towns of the whole county, occupying about 2.5% of the total population. In 2008, the local GDP was 2.38 billion Yuan, increasing by 20.2 % over the previous year. Of this, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries reached 0.84 billion Yuan, 0.59 billion Yuan and 0.95 billion Yuan respectively, representing increases of 16.7%, 34% and 15.9%. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 35.325.039.7. The general budgetary revenue of the local government in 2008 was 0.13 billion Yuan. The value-added of industrial enterprises above designated size was 0.61 billion Yuan, increasing by 54.2%. The total social investment in fixed assets was 1.17 billion Yuan, increasing by 50% ; the total volume of retail sales of social consumables was 1.16 billion Yuan, increasing by 23.3%; and the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 7573 Yuan and the per-capita net income of rural people was 5782 Yuan, increasing by 20.6% and 20% respectively.

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Yilan County: The area within the administrative area of Bin County is 4616km2. The total population was 0.4 milion by the end of 2008. There are 17 minorities (with Manchu, Hui and Korean as the dominating) in the nine villages and towns of the whole county, occupying about 5.9% of the total population. In 2008, the local GDP was 5.21 billion Yuan, increasing by 15.6 % over the previous year. Of this, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries reached 1.63 billion Yuan, 1.58 billion Yuan and 2 billion Yuan respectively, representing increases of 9.7%, 18.5% and 17.8%. The structure rate of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 31.530.338.2. The general budgetary revenue of the local government in 2008 was 0.23 billion Yuan, increasing by 30.9% over the previous year. The value-added of industrial enterprises above designated size was11.89 billion Yuan, increasing by 14.2%. The total social investment in fixed assets was 2.87 billion Yuan, increasing by 45.2% ; the total volume of retail sales of social consumables was 1.5 billion Yuan, increasing by 24.4%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 10031 Yuan and the per-capita net income of rural people was 5949 Yuan, increasing by 25.6% and 19.8% respectively.

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Table 2-1 Basic Situation of Affected Zones by Harbin-Jiamusi Passenger Railway Dedicated Line

Harbin Jiamusi Items Unit Total Daowai Acheng Bin Fangzheng yilan Suburb Land area Km2 618 2445 3845 2969 4616 756 15249 Percentage to the toal area of affected zones 4.05% 16.03% 25.21% 19.47% 30.27% 4.96% Total population by the end of 2008 Ten thousand person 75 58 62 22 40 28 285 Percentage to the total affected zones 26.28% 20.38% 21.79% 7.73% 14.06% 9.77% 1 Population per square kilometre person 1210 237 161 74 87 368 187 Among which, Male Ten thousand person 34 29 32 11 21 14 142 Percentage of affected population to the total 45.73% 50.52% 51.29% 51.82% 51.75% 51.08% 49.76% population Among which, population of rural residents Ten thousand person 12 34 52 12 27 16 154 Percentage of rural residents 16.33% 58.93% 83.19% 55.82% 68.73% 58.06% 54.07% Area of farmland hectare 29645 71400 167355 60891 176455 93293 599039 Area of farmland per capita Mu 0.59 1.85 4.05 4.15 6.62 5.03 3.16 Area of farmland per capita of farmers Mu 3.64 3.13 4.87 7.44 9.63 8.67 5.84

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2.2 Social Investigation along the Line

Basic analyses and social investigation are both adopted in the study. Methods of basic analyses include cost-benefit analysis and shareholder analysis. Methods of social investigation are comprised of information collection, questionnaires, expert seminars and interviews.

In order to finish the social evaluation, the Third Railway Survey and Design Institute Group Corporation carried out questionnairy surveys and sample interviews in the downtown areas of Harbin city and Jiamusi City, as well as in Bin County, Fangzheng County and Yilan County.

Table 2-2 illustrates the potential benefits of villagers from the project. In fact, above one second of affected residents feed back that the maximu benefit of the project is providing convenient transport services for passengers and the second is an easy transport of goods. Local companies and private owned business also express preference on railway transport.

Table 2-2 Attitidue towards the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line

Development Employment Affecting of town Convenient Convenient and local enterprises Without Adantages passenger goods business investment to incease advantages transport transport opportunity environment household incomes Percentage 57.63% 13.56% 5.08% 6.78% 11.86% 5.08%

Below please find the analyses on the sample suverys in downtown area and on farmers along the line

(I) Socio-economic data analyses on sample surveys of residents in Harbin and Jiamusi

1. Urban Residents’ Houses and Appendages

In the project area, most houses are storied buildings and brick-concrete one-storey structure. Average housing area is 24 or so. Houses and other facilities are in good condition; electricity is available in each household; all the households have

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2. Urban Residents’ Production Materials

Sample urban families have a high owning rate of motorcycles. About 11% of households have motorcycles, 8% have cars, and 5% have tricycles. The owning rate of these facilities is likely to increase after economic development is promoted and traffic situation is improved.

3. Household durables in the urban residents

The owning rate of durables shows very well the financial condition of the urban residents. Almost all the households have color TVs (many are cable TV), about 38% have computers, 82% have VCD, about 72% have washing machines, and about 85% have refrigerators.

Table 2-3 Urban Residents’ Material Resources

Housing condition Water supply Material household % Way of supply household % Many-Storied Running water building 85 81 indoors 105 100 One-storey Running water building 20 19 in the yard 0 0 Well in the others 0 0 yard 0 0 other 0 0 total 105 100 total 105 100 Durable consumption Production material object ownership object ownership Washing machine 72% Farm truck 0.06% refrigerator 85% tractor 0% Threshing Fixed phone 94% machine 0% Mobile phone 100% generator 0% Color TV 100% cart 0% Computer 38% Water-pump 0% VCD. 82% tricycle 5%

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Electric fans 89% motorcycle 11% Solar water heater 69% Car\taxi 8%

4. Urban residents’ Income

From the income data of the affected urban residents, 82% of the urban households have an anuual net income per capita of more than 10 thousand yuan, while 18% below that.

5. Source of Income

In most investigated households, income mainly comes from wage and business, and the latter tops all the others. 49% of the investigated households run businesses, and they usually have high income; 51% of the households depend on wages or other channels, whose income is lower.

6. Consumption and Saving of the Urban Residents

From the expenditure data of 105 investigated urban households, we can see that the annual expenditure per capita is 8.1 thousand yuan in 2009. The average annual expenditure is diverse in different regions. For instance, per capita spending in Daowai district, Harbin, is 8.7 thousand yuan, which is the highest; while in the outskirt of Jiamusi, per capita spending is only 6.8 thousand, which is the lowest.

In the affected population, the expenditure for food, education and health care occupies the largest share, accounting for 50%. Conclusion of field investigations shows that the percentage of food purchase is larger than that in the countryside. The expenditure on health care is also high, because with the improvement of living standards urban residents are more concerned about their health than before. 10% of the total income is used to pay for the loans of houses and cars. The rest income is usually saved in the banks, and the savings vary from one to one.

(II) Findings from socio-economic surveys on the districts and counties located between Harbin and Jiamusi show that:

A. 85.71% of the affected houses are brick-compound structure, with earth-wood structure of only 3.57%.

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Table 2-4 House structure

Materials brick-compound Brick Wood Earth-wood others Percentage 85.71% 7.14% 3.57% 3.57%

B. The basic facilities of houses are in good conditions, each household served with electricity, 46% of households supplied with running water either in a room or in the courtyard. Table 2-5 Households with water supply

Indoor running Running water in Other sources of Type Well in courtyards water courtyards water supply Percentag 18.57 27.14 35.71 18.58 e C. It is found out that ownership of durable goods can reflect well the degree of affluence of farmers. About 50% of the farmer household are equipeed with landlines, 98% with mobiles, oabout 98% with color TVs (most of them are cable televisions), 87% with VCD or similar appliances, about 65% with washing machines and about 72% with refrigerators. The living quality of these farmers is relatively high. Table 2-6 Appliance Ownership

black Washing Color and electric water Item Refrigerator landline Mobile VCD. Machine TV white fan heater television Percentage of 65% 72% 50% 98% 98% 0 87% 100% 2% ownership D. Sample surveys show that the ownership of productive assets is relatively high, obove 60% farmer households owning handcarts and 28% with tractors. In terms of the ownership of transport means, local travel demands are basically met by motorcycles, because motorcycles can travel not only on rural roads but on highways. The ownership of private vehicles is very low, with only 1.57% of households owning private cars, which reflects that most residents rely on motorcycles for traveling. Table 2-7 Ownership of Household Appliances

Agricult handca Water three – Motor Private Item tractor threshe generat ural rt pump wheele cycle car o

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truck r or d /taxi vehicle Percenta 0.06% 28.57% 1.24% 0.00% 61.43% 6.14% 17.14% 32.14% 1.57% ge

E. According to the surveys, the main income sources of affected residents are crop plantation and livestock-raising, with the latter constituting a major percentage. 89% households do crop plantation, which constitute a large percentage of incomes for those relatively poorer families. 80% households do livestock-raising, with higher incomes. 27.46% households do horticulture, 9.3% having incomes from operating small shops, 0.52% households having incomes from family business with high profits. Table 2-8 Income sources of affected households

Income percentage of households average percentage of the type of sources having the type of income income to the total incomes crop 89.93% 54.02% cash crops 55.39% 8.02% horticulture 27.46% 2.65% livestock- 84.33% 30.03% raising incomes of 9.3% 1.48% small shops wage 71.6% 3.55% earnings Incomes from family 0.52% 0.25% business Data sources: on-site surveys

F. Economic reform in rural areas. In the early stage of the reform and opening-up, the economy and poverty reduction developed very fast. As it was the first time peasants had the right to contract land for operation and decide what and how much to grow, the long-time suppressed demands were released, which caused a fast growth of agricultural products. The glut of agricultural products sent the prices and the incomes down. Registered permanent residence system differentiates the agricultural and the non-agricultural registered permanent residence strictly, resulting in the inequity of employment, social services,

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education and other opportunities. And at the same time, urban entrepreneurs can not obtain lands from peasants. The second phase of rural reform was to develop township and village enterprises. These enterprises were operated by local governments, which provided a large amount of revenues and services for local governments and the country. At first, the development of township and village enterprises provided a lot of work opportunities for local farmers. Many enterprises like cement plant and small steel plants, as well little adventures, were established, which helped the peasants shake off poverty and even some have a better living than in those of urban areas. It was found out from on-site interviews that some peasant had an annual income of 2 million Yuan from operating restaurants in a poor village called Moli Village affected by the project. When the initial development requirements were met and the economy became mature, township and village enterprises needed more technical professionals and business managers for further development. The rural development slowed down once again. The third phase is the development of urban-suburban private economy and industry. The railway system improvement will obsolutely pushes the economy ahead rapidly, for example the project of Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line. The project will provide fast passenger transport services to facilitate the economic and social development, and at the same time provide flexible and efficient freight transport services for regions along the railway line. 2.3 social benefit and impact analysis

2.3.1 Impacts on employment

The most direct economic benefit of the project is the employment opportunity created in the period of railway construction and operation. The employment opportunity created by the project is mainly divided into two types, direct job opportunity and indirect job opportunity. Direct job opportunity refers to the direct employment of workers for the construction and operation of the new railway line, for example, builders employed by civil engineering contractors, and station workers recruitment for the purpose of operation. Indirect jor opportunity is to provide freight transport or services for the new railway line.

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2.3.1.1 Job opportunities in the construction period

(i) Direct job opportunities

The project is a large-scale infrastructure construction project with a long construction period, which provides a huge market for design and construction entities. According to the engineering design, the number of man-days of the project is 77.32 million within a term of four years, on average 54000 per day. A part of railway construction needs experienced skilled workers and general skilled workers, which shall be provided by contractors. There are also a number of positions of unskilled workers which can be taken by local residents. it is estimated that the job opportunity of unskilled workers occupies about 60%, 50% of which can be recruited from local farmers. Assuming the salary of each worker is 30 Yuan/day, 6-8 months for working time each year, the annual income of each worker will be about 5400~7200 Yuan. If 80% of the income is comsumed in regions along the line, the consumed commodities and services will create a second chance, and therefore, promoting the economic development along the line. The other benefit caused by construction employment is to give workers valuable practices to obtaining work experiences and skills, and providing good bases for seeking other job opportunities. (ii) Indirect job opportunities

A great deal of labor forces, equipments and materials are needed in the construction period, which provides development opportunities for the building industry, building material industry and commercial industry along the line and a lot of employment opportunities for local residents. Besides job opportunities, the selling of construction materials, food and other necessities of life (for example office supplies, daily necessities, house rent and communication equipment) can also provide considerable economic benefits for local people. For example, during the construction period of Nanjing-Xi’an line of Zhengzhou-Xi’an Railway, the income of Tongbai County (Chengjiao village and Yuehedian village) from selling railway ballast, sand, crushed stones and slabstones was 5.79 million Yuan and the income of life necessaries being 26.62 million Yuan. The income can be used for the improvement of infrastructures and social service in counties and affected towns.

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2.3.1.2 Direct job opportunities in the operation period

(i) Direct job opportunities

Railway transport, in a large extent, can provide job and economic development opportunities. The harbin-Jiamusi railway passenger dedicated line consists of ten stations, eight of which are newly built ones and three of the newly built stations are major county stations. The turnover volume of major stations as shown in Table 2-9 and Figure 2-2 Table 2-9The turnover volume of major stations Unit: 10000 passengers

2020 2030 Stations passengers Inter-city others passengers Inter-city others Binzhou 153 115 38 182 142 40 Fangzheng 223 199 24 290 265 25 Yilan 127 95 32 165 131 34 Jiamusi 1100 436 664 1547 530 1017

Figure 2-2The turnover volume of major stations

There are many direct and indirect job opportunities near the stations, for example permanent jobs like management, supervision, ticketing and ticketing collection, and food supplies and other services. Meanwhile, the surrounding areas of stations are also centers of job creation. Passengers often request services of taxi, hotels, restaurants and various retail goods. Markets are also constructed with shelves in many communities along the

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new railway line. These small businesses also provide a large number of jobs. Farmers can find jobs in places nearer home, earning additional incomes or full incomes replacing agricultural incomes. (ii) Job opportunities created by tourism

The regions along the line are rich in tourism resources. Harbin is renowned for its beauty, describing as “Eastern Paris” or “Eastern Mascow”. There is over 500 places of natural and cultural interest such as Dragon Tower, the Memorial Tower of Fighting against the Floods of Songhua River, the Confucian Temple, Kek Lok Si Temple, St. Sofia church, the Central Avenue, the former residence of Xiaohong, Huiningf (the Upper Capital of the Jin Dynasty), Yuquan Hunting Ground, Siberian Tiger Park, Yabuli Ski Resort and virgin forest. There are also some places of interest in the surrounding area of Harbin, including Jingpo Lake, the Five Big Connecting Lakes and Zhalong Nature Reserve. Jiamusi also has unique tourist resources, including Russian border tourism, the most east town of China of Wusu, local customs and flavors of Hezhen minority and Daliangzihe National Forest Park. Along with the Heixiazi Islands coming under the authority of China and the future development, it will become an important breakthrough of tourism. Surrounded By beautiful landscapes, Bin County has many famous resort scenes including Erlongshan Mountain of a national AAAA -level tourism area, Changshoushan National Forest Park, Dalongshan provincial-level nature reserves, Xianglong National Forest Park, Erlongshan Provincial Geopark, Changshoushan Provincial Geopark, and Dadingshan National Key Navigation-hydropower Junction. Fangzheng County has finished the development plan for Shuanglong River Tourist Area and the master plan for Lianhua Lake scenic spot. The infrastructures of Xiangshui River Floating and Fangzhen Lake are being improved. The number of tourists in 2008 was 0.28 million person times, with a tourist income of 42 million Yuan. Yilan County has a long history. It is a noted province-level historic and cultural city. There are such heritage sites as Xiangshun Dafo Mountain, Xiaohekou “Anti-Russian stronghold” and Jingbian Camp of Qing Dynasty.

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The Chinese are keen to tourism and often tend to travel by trains. According to the surveys, above 60% of passengers put the railway transport as a top selection among various transport means. According to the collected materials, Harbin hosted 29.9 million tourists and Jiamusi hosted 0.23 million tourists in 2008. The prosperity of tourism will create more jobs near the scenic pots, such as guide, small retailers and handicraft sellers.

2.3.2 Impacts on different stakeholders

2.3.2.1 Impacts on residents along the line

High-speed railways have characteristics of fast speed and large capacity; therefore, it poses higher requirements on the distribution function of stations of high-speed railways. Meanwhile, a large-volume passenger flow will also drive forward an improvement of commercial supporting facilities for the benefits of traveling and shopping of local residents.

International studies on traveling psychology show that, the space and time range of daily trips is kept within one hour. The average distance between two neighbouring towns along the line is about 80 km and the average traveling time is over one hour, moreover, the road slope is relatively steep, which together causes unsafe hidden danger for traveling by motor vehicles. On the contrary, the average speed of high- speed railways is over 200 km/hour, which makes the traveling time between two neighbouring towns within 30 minutes. It also helps change the ideas of life and habits of local residents, living in middle-size or small-size city, but working, studying and consuming in central cities. The development tendency has been verified in the several decades after the construction of high-speed railways in Japan.The tendency is also emerging in megacities of China, like Beijing and Shanghai.

2.3.2.2 Impacts on enterprises along the line

Regions along the line are rich in natural resources. For example, Bin County is rich in such mineral resources as copper, lead and marble. It is one of the top hundred grain producting counties and a production base of cured tobacco. Fangzheng County is rich in over 20 kinds of mineral resources like coal, quartz and marble, and with easy access to transport facilities. Yilan County has 30 state-owned enterprises with annual revenue of ove 5 million Yuan and prosperous private-

World-Bank Loan Project 16 Social Evaluation Report owned enterprises. It is rich in coal and has various kinds of animals and plants like wild boars and mushrooms. Regions along the line are also rich in products and have many enterprises. The number of affected enterprises and entities along the line is 23, with an area of demolition and resettlement of 95380 m2 and affected persons of 3767. Demolition within the domain of the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway is negligibly small. Construction of the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway will help expand transport corridors of raw materials and products of local enterprises. Compensation assessment shall be conducted on demolition enterprises and impacts on affected enterprises and staff shall be relieved and well settled.

2.3.2.3 Impacts on poor people

As the central region of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin and Jiamusi have a close business relationship between each other. Resettlement and employment, especially without having to go far, are quite essential for poor families.

Jobs created in the construction period of the line will keep local employees in close contact with their families and generate incomes for their families. The construction will also bring investments on social communities, education, medical health service and local social cultural life development. The local government can also provide various direct welfares for local people by using operation tax and enterprise tax.

Affected regions along the line experienced the Harbin-Jiamusi expressway expansion project before, with a similar route direction with the railway. Therefore, local officials know well about demolition and resettlement, accumulating such experiences as labor recruitment, social protection and poverty elimination. It is of particularly importance to make sure that poor families in remote villages can get these direct job opportunities in order to reduce the number of population below the poverty line. County office of poverty alleviation can help identify these poor families. Non-local workers can be provided with provisional accommodations by the building site or find residence in peasant household near the building site. The foremen can be required to recruit workers from remote villages and provide necessary food and accommodations for them or the local governments can be required to recruit foremen from remote villages. These new foremen can learn from experienced ones and prepare for the future infrastructure project. The capability of problem-solving of workers from remote villages can also be improved.

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How to keep the sustainability of poverty alleviation after the construction is finished? The money shall be spent for direct demands of their families or shall be saved for operating small business after railway stations are open. Some county powerty alleviation offices are granted with funds of poverty alleviation either from the state or the provincial governments; in addition, they have also additional taxes charged from engineering constructions. It is suggested that a certain part of taxes shall be reserved to develop a long-term sustainable development plan for poor families of constructors. Focus of the development plan shall be put on specific targets of poverty reduction by mainly using existing resources. Before the completion of engineering construction, the poverty allievation office shall make group inquiries on reasons for poverty of poor workers, providing trainings on finance and farming and encouraging workers to find out solutions to poverty reduction by themselves. After the completion of engineering construction, county government shall record and document reasons for poverty and solutions for poverty reduction, as well as activities of seeking job and commercial opportunities.

According to on-site surveys, statistics of poor families along the line is made as Table 2-10.

Table 2-10 poor families in part of villages and towms along the line

Low-income Town Persons Household enjoying the five guarantees Persons household Juren Town 320 1007 80 432 Jingjian 456 1518 114 651 Bin’an 189 649 47 278 Town Baidu Town 459 1932 115 828 Yihantong 234 416 42 48 Daluomi 671 1306 123 138 Huifa Town 800 1594 196 213 Tianmen 333 607 143 165 Songnan 354 651 97 106 Fangzheng 1742 4285 73 104 Town Yilansixiang 263 523 80 80 Town Jiamusi 8602 23785 2447 2447 Surburb

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Total 14423 38273 3557 5490 Data source: on-site surveys

2.3.3 Impacts on minorities

The Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line goes through two districts and three counties of Harbin and one district of Jiamusi. The distribution of minorities is summarized as following based on surveys and interviews.

The population of minorities in Daowai District of Harbin occupies about 3.45% of the total population of the district, which is the lowest proportion in comparison with that of other seven districts in Harbin. Among the minorities, Hui holds the largest number, living in concentrated communities.

Acheng District is 23 km away from the downtown of Harbin city, with a total population of 0.58 million, among which, the population of rural population is 0.342 million, rural families 0.109 million. There is an ethnic township called Liaodian Manchu Township, whose population is about 3.2% of the total population of the district.

The area of Bin County is 3844.6 square km, consisting of 17 towns and 10 nationalities including Han, Manchu, Mongolia, Hui, Miao, Zhuang, Korea, Dong, Yao and Xibo. The Korean minority nationality holds the large number of population of 872 persons, mainly distributed in Sanhe Village of Juren Town and four natural villages.

Fangzheng County consists of 17 nationalities. The population is 5637 persons, occupying 2.5% of the total population of the county. There are four Korean minority villages, including Shuguang Village and Xinfeng Village in Baoxing Town, Xincheng Village in Deshan Town and Hongguang Village in Daluomi Town. The number of households is 735, with a population of 2293 persons. Apart from that, other minorities are distributed scatteredly.

Yilan County consists of 17 nationalities. The population is 21308 persons, occupying 5.9% of the total population of the county, with Han, Hui and Korean holding the largest number. There is one nationality township called Yinglan Korean Minority Town. Within Yinglan Korean Minority Town, there are three Korean villages including Pingyuan, Heping and Nongfeng. With Tuanshanzi Town, there

World-Bank Loan Project 19 Social Evaluation Report are two nationality villages called Nongzhuang Korean Minority Village and Qingshun Hui Minority Village.

There are 43 ethnic minority nationalities including Korean, Man, Mongolia, Hui and Hezhe. There are four nationality townships, including Xinghuo Korean Minority Town in Huachuan County, Tangwang Korean Minority Town in , Jiejinkou Hezhe Minority Town in Tongjiang City and Bacha Hezhe Minority Town. Except Tangwang Korean Minority Town in Tangyuan County, the rest three nationality townships are not affected by the line.

The Harbin-Jiamusi railway passenger dedicated line assumes the responsibility of two-way or one-way transport between the two cities or regions along the line. It is endowed with the highest accessibility, distributing resources, goods, passengers, funds, technologies and information along the line and facilitating the local development. The studies show that, along with the increase of distance away from the line, the impacts will become weaker and weaker. The impacts can even be neglected when the distance from the line reaches 5 km. In addition, distance between two neighbouring villages is usually longer in Heilongjang Province but density is lower in each village. The direct affected regions are those within 500 meters distance from the line, with problems of land requisition and resettlement. But all minority villages are 5 km away from the line, and therefore will not receive direct impacts. Table 2-11 summarizes basic information of minority towns along the line.

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Table 2-11 Ethnic Minority Towns along the line

Total Total Length to Ethnic Household Population of City County Town Village Minorities househol populatio the villag of minorities minorities d n linekm es Acheng Liaodian Manchu Town Manchu 10400 46000 6100 18000 26 × District Bin County Juren Sanhe Korean 284 962 276 936 6 × Shuguang Korean 186 720 186 720 15 × Baoxing Fangzheng Xinfeng Korean 145 620 135 580 9 × County Deshan Xincheng Korean 84 300 84 300 8 × Korean Harbin Daluomi Hongguang 46 135 46 135 10 × Zhongyuan Korean 198 940 198 940 8 × Yinglan Korean Heping Korean 520 1410 520 1410 11 × Town Yilan Nongfeng Korean 155 525 62 375 15 × County Nongzhuang Korean Tuanshanz 110 500 110 500 21 × Korean Village i Qingchun Hui Town Hui 285 900 285 900 6 × Village Korean, Jiamu Tangyuan Tangwang Korean Village Mongolia, 2930 12244 1954 8167 14 × si County Hui

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There are also a very few minorities dispersed in other villages, but only very little percentages (See Table 2-12). These dispersed minorities have similar living styles, such as food, clothing and marriage, with local Han people. Thet are used to living in the same communities with Han people, integrating well to the local cuture.

Table 2-12 Minorities in affected regions along the line

Total Minority City County Town Village percentage population population Daowai District 750000 25875 3.45% Chaoyang 4550 90 1.98% Binxi Bin Xinfu 3700 22 0.59% County Binzhou Hexing 984 54 5.49% Harbin Shengli Wanchun 2900 0 0.00% Fangzhen Yihantong Demoli 2326 110 4.73% County Daluomi Zhongxing 2909 130 4.47% Yilan Hongwei 17403 0 0.00% Hongkeli County Yangjiadian 16147 30 0.19% Guangming 4568 33 0.72% Jiamusi Suburb Changqing Wanxing 5230 120 2.29% Total 810717 26464 3.26%

Shown from Table 2-13, it can be found that the project does not go through ethnic minority villages and towns, those minorities scattering in affected villages occupying about 3% of the population of these villages on average and the population of affected minorities is only 0.24% of the total population of Harbin and Jiamusi (seen in Figure 2-3). Therefore, the project does not involve issues of land requisition and removal of a large number of minorities, without direct impacts on minorities or key religious and cultural sensitives. In addition, all ethnic groups have been highly integrated, with similar development level and ambigious distinction between each other, without cultural sensitivity and vulnerability. Thus it is no need to develop a special plan for minorities.

During the period of construction, job opportunities shall be provided to minorities in order to broaden the vision and understanding and improve skills of minorities. Monrities can also sell their raised pigs and chicken in the market to improve their

World-Bank Loan Project 22 Social Evaluation Report

incomes and enjoy equal rights and benefits with local Han nationality from the new line.

Table 2-13 Villages and towns along the line

city County/district Town village city County/district Town Village Harbin Wuxing Lianbin Huifa Dongfeng Qingfeng Liudian Xinli Zhongxin Tianmen Yonghe Sihe Daowai Yongle Songnan Xiangyang Yongyuan Yongyuan Jianguo Fangzheng Fangzheng Hongjun Baming

Shuangyuan Yihantong Feiketu Yihantong Jixing Acheng Feiketu Xinrong Demoli Bin County Chaoyang Daluomi Binxi Xinfu Daluomi Xinglong Yumin Harbin Zhongxing Fuhe Xinan Dongsheng Xiangqian Juren Dalianhe Dongxing Hongxing Jixiang Guanghui Hexing Yilan Chenguang Xuanyang Yugong Sixin Binzhou Yilan Sijiqing Ma’anshan Xinli Yangjiaogou Zhangwenbao Dongfanghong Jingjian Hongkeli Zhaojiatun Hongwei Sanbao Minsheng Yangjiadian Minyou Xiangshun Bin’an Yongjiu Jiamusi Suburb Wolong Yongxing Xincun Yingkou Dalai Zhongda Chang’an Changling Xinghua Daxing Shengli Shengli Xianfeng Aoqi Yongren Min’an Xigemu Fengsheng

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Hongqi Kaoshan Wanchun Guangming Changqing Lishu Wanxing Baidu fengfei Data Source: on-site survey

Figure 2-3 Percentage of Affected People along the line

2.3.4 Impacts on poor families and women

Firstly, poor families including those with disabled persons or long-term patients. It is not easy for the head of a house to support a family alone, especially when there is a patient or the disabled. During the period of construction, this kind of affected families shall be given special treatment, for example given priority for recruitment in order to increase their incomes. County government shall assist in providing proofs as a part of the contract of demolition and removal and recommend this kind of families to the constructors.

Secondly, for families with women as the main labor force, they normally have low incomes. It is suggested to implement the following measures in order to benefit these families.

„ A small loan shall be granted for womens and instructions shall be provided to them on how to do a small business to provide services for the construction site. Funds can come from small loan plans of

World-Bank Loan Project 24 Social Evaluation Report

Women’s Federation and poverty alleviation office, or from special loans established by county governments

„ The ministry of Railways shall encourage subordinate railway agencies or companies to recruit more women workers in the operation period and to reserve special areas for women to sell handicraft products, foods and other commodities. The loan plan shall provide support to women to open small businesses within or near to the stations. Women and other disadvantaged groups shall also be fully considered in the planning and designing process of surrounding areas of the stations.

„ The interests of women shall also be fully considered in the development of tourism to provide more opportunities for them

„ Women shall be encouraged to sell foods to constructors and provide basic supplies and laundry for them, so that women can have more flexible time to take care of children and the elderly.

The National Women's Federation of the People's Republic of China shall actively encourage womens along the line to make small family businesses. The women federation shall act as the instructor of women and local governments shall provide small loans for them. The National Women's Federation of the People's Republic of China shall providing trainings for these women on how to establish a stable commercial basis and to form a sustainable source of incomes for these poor and fragile families.

2.3.5 Impacts on local culture, nature and ecology

2.3.5.1 Impacts on local culture

There are four provincial-level cultural relics protection departments near to the line. But the project does not cut across these relics. The distribution of nearby places of historical interest and cultural relics is shown in Table 2-14

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Table 2-14 Distribution of historical relics along the line

Administrative Shortest distance to No. Name of historical relics Level region the line Provincial- 1 Qinghua Relics Bin County About 2km level Provincial- 2 Chang’an ancient city Bin County About 3km level Sino-Japanese Friendship Fangzheng Provincial- 3 About 3km Garden County level Provincial- 4 Qiaonan Relics Yilan County About 200m level Note: The distance to line refered to the distance between the line and the land border owned by cultural relics protection departments.

The affected regions are rich in resources of nature, culture and history and very attractive to tourists, but still there are many sight spots are not widely known by tourists. Along with the increase of tourists, these relatively unknown spots can be introduced to them and demands of tourism can be directed towards special ecological, cultural and historical trips. This kind of tourism can create more job opportunities, including guide, hotel and restaurant staff and managers, handcraft makers and salers, and salers of other commodities. In addition, opportunities can be provided for the purpose of exchanges between different districts and towns so as to relieve the poverty.

2.3.5.2 Impacts on the nature and ecology

(i) Noise impacts and prevention

The high-speed railway is featured on high speed, overpass and traction of electronic control system. Because of being totally enclosed and fully overhead, the high-speed railway has less emissions compared with normal railways, but has more impacts on noises and electromagnetic waves. The project environmental impact report has been approved, based on years of experience in railway noise pollution control and overview of the sensitive points of the project, excessive noise, as well as engineering and environmental conditions, noise pollution control measures and recommendations which are appropriate for various of sensitive points of the project are as follows:

Firstly, railway construction planning shall be well coordinated to appropriately readjust the urban function division and do a good job on

World-Bank Loan Project 26 Social Evaluation Report

layout planning of roadside buildings, in order to reduce noises and bring the best of townscape. Suggest that interrelated government branch of the city should consider combining land use and urban planning with construction of the project organically. From the general thinking way of mutual development and mutual promotion for combination of city and railway, according to the provisions “When determining the layout of buildings, urban planning departments shall, in accordance with the national standards for acoustic environmental quality and the sound insulation design standards for civil architecture, decide on the rational distance between the structures and the traffic trunk lines in order to keep the structures away form noise as well as the requirements on planning and design accordingly.” on Chapter , Article of Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Pollution from Environmental Noise, urban planning departments should strictly control the use function of land along the line. Suggest that, with reference to predictable result on environmental impact report, planning department along the line should make rational planning for land function on both sides of the railway, strengthen building layout and design of acoustic noise reduction, the existing research results show that from the angle of noise effect reduction, peripheral-type buildings layout of is better than the parallel layout, the first row of the provisional building abutting the railway should be planned for industry, warehouse, logistics and other non-noise sensitive buildings, in order to reduce railway noise to effect on the acoustic environmental quality within the buildings

Secondly, improvements shall be made on the design to reduce noise impacts (1)Strengthen the maintenance for train body and tracks Regular maintenance for train body, polishing steel rails, ensures that they are in good working conditions; all of above work can effectively reduce train noise and vibration pollution produced by train operation.

(2) Horns are banned on fully enclosed sections within Harbin and Jiamusi hub stations. Thirdly, mechnical control measures like blocking, fendering, absorbing and eliminating shall be adopted.

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Preferential consideration for sound barrier measures, take reserve protection measures of sensitive by installing acoustic ventilation window for those sensitive points on the smaller scale of sensitive point or unsuited to take sound barrier measures.

As there are many factors affecting the nose intensity of high-speed railways, it is difficult, at the present stage, to quantify nose impacts of the line. People will be more sensitive to noises as their awareness of environmental protection and requirements on living environment quality rise. Three measures on noise prevention of the line are put forward. Firstly, railway construction planning shall be well coordinated to appropriately readjust the urban function division and do a good job on layout planning of roadside buildings, in order to reduce noises and bring the best of townscape. Secondly, improvements shall be made on the design to reduce noise impacts. Thirdly, mechnical control measures like blocking, fendering, absorbing and eliminating shall be adopted. (ii) Impacts on energy resources——energy consumption reduction

If the transport capacity reaches a high level, high-speed transport means will save a large amount of lands compared with low-speed transport means. Compared with expressways, high-speed railways consume much less lands. China is rich is coal but with comparatively inadequate oils and natural gases. The energy structure in China, in a relatively long term, will still be dominated with coals, with a percentage up to 70%. Therefore, the development of high-speed railways, which is driven by electricity, can fully play the advantage of rich coal resources in China and conform to actual conditions of China. (iii) Impacts on land——land saving and arable land protection

High-speed transport means, compared with low-speed transport means, consumes much less lands. Compared with expressways, high-speed railways consume much less lands. According to relevant data, the width of four-lane expressways is 26m, while the width of double-track railway is 20m. In terms of land consumption of unit transport capacity, land consumed by expressways is three times than that of high-speed railways. A 1000 km length of air flight line has about 2-3 airports. In terms of unit transport capacity, land consumed by air transport is about two to three

World-Bank Loan Project 28 Social Evaluation Report

times than that of railway transport, and what’s more, lands consumed by airport are normally high-quality lands across the plain. Therefore, high-speed railway construction is advantageous in saving land resources and occupying less arable lands, which has key economic and social benefits. (iv) Impacts on air environment

Railway is the best transport means in terms of air pollution. According to the statistics of German Federal Institute of National Land Resources and Planning, pollutants emitted by various passenger transport means are summarized in Table 2-15 Table 2-15 Hazard emissions of four transport means

Items bus train airplane Private cars CO2 (gram) 50 78 160 180 NOx (gram) 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.1 Data source: data from German Federal Institute of National Land Resources and Planning Some local studies also show that the conversion emission of harmful substances discharged by highway transport is eight times that of railway transport The Harbin-jiamusi railway passenger dedicatd line is drived by electricity, which is more beneficial for the reduction of air pollution along the line. Compared with diesel locomotives, electric locomotives can reduce a large amount of air pollutants, for example, the reduced emission of soot is 588.7 tons, SO2 124.2 tons and CO 274.9 tons.

2.3.6 Impacts on local infrastructure and urban economic development

Development of high-speed railways will undoubtedly facilitate the construction of local infrastructures and service facilities. Because high-speed railways have advantages of fast speed and large capacity, it poses higher requirements on the distribution function of high-speed railway stations. At the same time, a large volume of passenger flows will also promote the improvement of supporting commercial facilities in the affected region. Learned from on-site surveys, all cities along the line give priority to the development of high-speed railway stations as key areas of outbound traffic and commercial trade. For example, Harbin city has made a

World-Bank Loan Project 29 Social Evaluation Report planning for construction of urban key infrastructures, including subways and passenger stations of expressways, near the high-speed railway station. Meanwhile, many well-knowned retail enterprises have decided to open shops in the region. The improvement of infrastructures and service facilities will greatly facilitate traveling and shopping of residents, improving the life quality of residents.

The unbalanced economic and social development among different regions will continue to exist for a long period due to big difference in economic bases. But the gap between different regions will be gradually reduced and common prosperity of the people across the country will be realized finally. The construction of Harbin- Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line will directly contribute to the development of local economies, in particular the development of those counties with unconvenient transport services like Bin County, Fangzheng County and Yilan County. The marginal effect of investment will be more obvious in areas with weak economic bases than in more developed areas. Therefore, construction of the line will strengthen the investment intensity in less developed areas along the line in some extent, having a more direct contribution to economic growth and reducting the economic gap with economically developed areas.

3 Adaptability Analysis

3.1 Attitudes of different stakeholders

3.1.1 Attitudes of local residents

According to the sample survey, 89% residents knew about the project and 82% residents expressed acceptance and welcome to the project. These 82% residents held that the line will help provide convenient transport for passengers and goods, improve the infrastructure level along the line, benefit urban construction and boost economic development, and help improve the housing conditions of demolitioned residents and provide more job opportunites. 9% residents think that the line will make no difference to their lives. But there are still 9% residents who expressed fears or even objections to the project, worring about economic loss and income reduction due to land requisition and demolition.

The residents knew about policies of demolition compensation and believed that these policies provided guarantees for the improvement of housing conditions. They

World-Bank Loan Project 30 Social Evaluation Report prefered to select monetary compensation and hoped that the compensation can be paid in time and in full amount.

3.1.2 Attitudes of enterprises along the line

The Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line passes through Harbin City, Bin County, Fangzheng County, Yilan County and Jiamusi City. All the crossings with existing roads are established with intersections; therefore, it will not affect the transport of raw materials and products of surrounding enterprises. Compensation evaluation and overall relocation will be conducted on demolitioned enterprises affected by the line. Staff of affected enterprises will be given priority to reemployment, compensated with salary losses.

81% affected enterprises expressed support and welcome to the construction of the line. Demolition compensation standards on affected enterprises will be decided in accordance with relevant provisions and real conditions of these enterprises.

3.1.3 Attitudes of affected poor people

In the process of on-site surveys, the investigation panel introduced to these poor people that job opportunities like life goods and lanudary services will be provided to them, and these poor people are allowed to rent shelves to sell small handcrafts near the stations. The direct and indirect job opportunities provided by the project will help free these poor families from poverty. Therefore, poor people at large are positive and look forward to the project. They expect that they could be granted with enough demolition and land requisition compensations and be given favorable policies of employment during the construction in order to guarantee their sources of incomes.

3.1.4 Attitudes of minorities

In recent years, the affected regions have carried out such transport infrastructure construction projects as the expansion and repair project of Harbin-Jiamusi section of Harbin-Tongjiang Expressway and the highway-ring around Harbin. While receiving interviews, the local cadres directly participating in the propaganda of demolition expressed that minorities are also very supportive to project construction. Nothing like project resistance and obstruction has ever happened before. They also suggested that minorities shall be given certain prorities in recruitment. During on- site interview, minorities also expressed that they were actively supportive to the

World-Bank Loan Project 31 Social Evaluation Report project construction and were pondering to provide services to increase their incomes during the periods of project construction and operation.

3.2 Attitudes of local social communities

The project is supported by the central and local governments. It is in accordance with the national industry development policies and has been incorporated into the Study of Adjustment Scheme of Long-and-Medium Term Railway Network Planning (2008) of the Ministry of Railways.

Since the project was approved and initiated, different levels of local governments, business owners and design institutes have established a good communication and coordination mechanism. The scheme recommended by the feasibility report is commonly recognized as the best one in terms of economy, society and environmental protection. The value and significance of the project is fully confirmed by different levels of local governments along the line, which expect a great deal from the project and expect an early implementation.

In order to gain more benefits and reduce or even avoid negative impacts from the project, local governments along the line have proposed various suggestions and requirements based on their experiences and actual needs, which have been studies and responded by the Ministry of Railways and The Third Railway Survey and Design Institute Group Corporation. Below listed suggestions and requirements proposed by local governments during the period of May to August in 2009.

A. Requirements on the set-up of railway stations: Bin Couty expected to move Binzhou Station westward and add another station called Binxi Station. Fangzheng County expected to add Gaoleng Station between Yilan and Fangzheng and provided special comments on site selection of Fangzheng Station and Daluomi Station. Jiamusi City agreed that the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line could use the existing railway station of Jiamusi and suggested to establish another railway station in the new district of the western part of the city in a long term. B. Requirements on the line: Jiamusi City suggested that the part of the line entering into the downtown area of the city shall be built with a type of overhead viaduct, forming overpasses with crossed 19 city roads.

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C. Requirements on supporting facilities coordinated with local construction plan: Jiamusi City suggested that a railway station shall be constructed straddling over the north and south sides of Jiamusi Railway station. Hepingjie Railway section shall be opened to make the street unblocked from south to north. A tunnel shall be constructed with a width of 60 meters. The clearance of Lianheshou tunnel is 4 meters, used for the community of workers. A tunnel shall be constructed between the south of the Harvesters Manufacturers and Xuefu Street for the purpose of transporting harvesters.

3.3 Traffic demand of local social communities and residents

As far as local social communities and residents are concerned, cash income of families in counties and villages along the line are mainly from migrant workers, but considering northeast special geography and climate conditions, meanwhile, going out and returning home of labors often focuses on the period of transportation during Spring Festival before or after that festival, which results in difficulty in going out, hard to returning home, frequent traffic incidents and so on a series of problems, it not only makes migrant workers suffer, but also the member of families are hard to feel at ease, therefore, expectation to early improvement for transportation is the common voice of social communities and residents along the line. For the moment, local residents’ work along the line, visiting relatives and friends, leisure and entertainment, medical care, all traffic is so slow and very inconvenient. The urgent need for transportation of residents requires the early completion of the project.

At the same time, in order to gain more benefits and reduce or even avoid negative impacts from the projectlocal communities and residents make all sorts of suggestions and advice as follow: In consideration of convenient travel, set up comprehensive transportation hub in Harbin and Jiamusi railway station, and form a convenient transfer square with buses, taxi and so on; Adopt railway overpasses within urban planning areas where railway line passes through, and establish isolation zones on both sides of railway etc.

3.4 local social and environmental situations

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3.4.1 Compatibility with the role of the cities

Harbin is the capital city of Heilongjiang Province, a center of politics, economy, culture and transport in the north part of the northeast of China, one of the four central cities of , an important manufacturing base, a famous historical and cultural city, and an internationally famous icing and snowing city.

The High-speed railway passenger dedicated line will become an important infrastructure and transport hub for the urbanization development of Harbin and Jiamusi. It will be a dirving engine for economic liftoff of Heilongjiang Privince and a signal of motorization. Construction of the project is a necessity for implementing the sustainable development strategy of Harbin City and one of indispensable infrastructures for achieving the development objective of the city.

3.4.2 Compatibility with socio-economic development

According to the planning of Heilongjiang Province, the whole province is aimed to establish a first-level economic and trade development zone facing the northeast Asia and radiating the continents of Europe and Asia. In order to achieve the target, transport infrastructure construction shall go ahead moderately.

The line will greatly reduce the space and time distance between the northeast of Heilongjiang Province and Harbin and the areas south of the Great Wall. It will facilitate the development of Harbin city cluster and is of key importance to pushing forward urbanization of cities along the line, cooperation and common interests of the Northwest China, and integration of regional economies. In addition, the project acts as the supporting transport corridor for ports of trade with Russia, such as Tongjiang, Fuyuan and . Recently, along with the completion of large bridges of Tongjiang, Heihe and Heilongjiang and a rapid growth of the volume of transported goods, the line will play an important role in enhancing the economic co- operation based on division of labour and common interests Between China and Russia, facilitating regional economic development and contributing to the establishment of a first-level economic and trade development zone.

3.4.3 Compatibility with travel habits of passengers in Northeast China

Northeast China has freezing winters and is always subject to dust storms each year, which causes icy roads and difficulties in traveling. Compared with other transport means, railways have more comparative advantages. Passengers in this

World-Bank Loan Project 34 Social Evaluation Report region have a comparatively larger dependence on railways. According to the surveys on preference of transport means, above 60% passengers prefer to choose railways for traveling.

As construction of the Harbin-Dalian Railway Passenger Dedicated Line has already started and such projects as Harbin- inter-city railway, Harbin- Railway Passenger Dedicated Line and Mudanjiang-Jiamusi Railway are to be constructed soon, a rapid railway passenger transport network will be established in Heilongjiang when the Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line is finished. By then, the share of railway transport will be raised further.

3.4.4 Compatibility with energy and environment policies

Along with the improvement of living quality, people have also raised their awareness on environmental protection, energy saving and pollution reduction. Railways have the advantages of large transport capacity, less land use, lower energy consumption and pollution and enjoy obvious advantages in the integrated transport system in terms of environmental protection, energy saving and efficiency improvement. The Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated Line is driven by electricity, which accommodates with energy policies in China. In addition, the line is equipeed with Electric multiple units and does not discharge hazardous gases itself, which also reduces pollutions on the cities.

Therefore, the line can be called as an energy saving and environmental friendly infrastructure projecet, in conformity with the harmonious relation between human and nature and the strategy ofsustainable development.

3.5 sustainability analyses

Major social factors affecting sustainability of the project consist of the pricing of high-speed railways, service level, affordability of passengers, compensations for affected residents and participation of different sections of society.

According to the questionnaires, passengers at large hold active attitudes towards the project, but at the same time they also express worries about ticket prices of the new line. Based on studies on existing passenger transport, passengers at the public expenses are less sensitive to the prices, while passengers at their own expenses put the price as an important indicator of modal choice. Subject to higer employment pressures and unclear potential incomes, it is quite understandable that

World-Bank Loan Project 35 Social Evaluation Report people take a wait-and-see attitude toward the high-speed railway. In future, as the percentage of passengers at own expenses will continuously go up, the fare level of the high-speed railway will direct influence the benefits and sustainability of operators.

Secondly, compensation to affected groups is an important factor affecting the smooth implementation and sustainable development of the project. As the civil awareness and law consciousness strengthens, more and more people will protect their own legal rights by legal means. The impact intensity of high-speed railways are higher than that of existing railways in terms of noises, electromagnetics and vibration, which will impact lives of demolitioned residents. Therefore, benefit compensations for affected residents shall be attached enough attentions.

3.6 Risk analyses

Construction and operation of the project is beneficial for the improvement of transport services, urban construction and living quality of residents, but on the other hand, it also faces with certain social risks. Altogether 11,439 people are affected, of whom 3070 are in the rural areas, namely, 640 households, a total of 23 factories and mines will be affected, and a total of 973 urban households, that is, 4672 people will also be affected by town demolition. These people are regarded as groups suffering losses, problems relating to their resettlement and compensation are key social risks. Different measures shall be taken in order to tackle different risks and problems. Table 4-1 lists the analyes on social risks. Table 4-1 Social Risks Analyses

No Social Duration Possible impacts Suggested measures . factors Demolition will have direct A compensation and impacts on part of residents resettlement standard along the line. If government resettlem Constructi shall be established to 1 agencies fail to do compensation ent on meet as much as and resettlement, it will directly possible requirements of impact the demolition and demolitioned households construction Land requisition and demolition National Minorities shall be given of minorities is not involved in the conflict Constructi with favorable job project construction. It will not 2 and on and opportunities in order to cause national conflicts, with no religious operation improve their living impacts on the project progress, problems standards national unity and social stability 3 Support Constructi Land requisition and resettlement Different measures shall f f

World-Bank Loan Project 36 Social Evaluation Report

of on and has large impacts on be established for disadvant operation disadvantaged groups along the different disadvantaged aged line. If without favorable policies groups to make sure a groups on them, it will increase the better life for them poverty of the disadvantaged groups and underpin unharmony. Efficient compensation Without appropriate policies shall be compensation to demolitioned established to meet as compens Constructi enterprises and shops, it will much as possible 4 ation on hinder the development of requirements of affected enterprises and even the enterprises and shops in regional economy. order to restart normal production and operation 4. Conclusions

In sum, conclusions are made through the social evaluation studies

A. The project receives welcome and expectations from local governments and residents along the line. The construction has a good social basis. B. The feasibity study report of the project is formulated after efficient coordination, which reflects such design principles as saving lands, protecting the environmen, benefiting residents who live along the line and serving to local development. C. The project does not go through key nationality and cultural sensitive areas, therefore, it is no need to develop special development plans for minorities.

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Annex 1. Statistics of Socio-economic Surveys

1.1 statistics of questionnaires on residents

No Questions options percentage 1 clear 72.34% Are you clear that the project 1 2 not so clear 17.02% will be constructed soon? 3 unclear 10.64% 1 documents issued by the upper government 0.00% How do you know about the 2 from other residents 83.33% 2 project? 3 from TV and radios 16.67% 4 impacts on local investment environment 0.00% 1 agree 82.22% Do you agree to the 3 2 disagree 8.89% construction of the project? 3 not to matter 8.89% 1) the state 44.44% Who do you think the project 4 2 the collective 17.46% will benefit? 3 the individual 38.10% 1 passenger transport 57.63% 2 goods transport 13.56% 3 possibilities of employment and richness 5.08% What do you think is the 5 maximum benefit? 4 impacts on local investment environment 6.78% 5 development of township enterprises to 11.86% improve household incomes (6) no benefits 5.08% 1 no impacts 20.00% 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by 3.64% construction What kind of impacts will be 3 economic losses caused by housing 6 54.55% caused by the line? demolition (4) reduced economic revenues caused by land 12.73% requisition 5 other impacts 9.09% 1 monetary resettlement 49.09% What is the most favorable 2 land readjustment 30.91% 7 approach of land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 1.82% 4 others 3.64% 1 monetary resettlement 57.78% Your actual approach of land 2 land readjustment 20.00% 8 requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 0.00% 4 others 4.44% 1 concentrated resettlement 4.35% 2 dispersed resettlement 23.91% What is the most favorable 9 3 monetary resettlement 50.00% approach of demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 21.74% 5 others 0.00% 1 concentrated resettlement 4.65% 2 dispersed resettlement 25.58% 10 Your actual approach of 3 monetary resettlement 32.56% demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 23.26% 5 others 4.65% 11 What’s your requirements on 1 pay in time 11.11% compensation funds 2 pay in full amount 75.56%

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3 compensation standard requirement 4.44% Are you clear about land 1 clear 4.55% 12 requisition and demolition 2 not so clear 25.00% compensation policies 3 unclear 70.45% Do you know how to appeal 1 know 35.56% when your legal rights are 13 invaded in the process of land 2 do not know 64.44% requisition and demolition? 1.2 surveys and statistics on land requisition and resettlement

No Questions options percentage below 50 m2 3.51% 50-80 m2 9.65% 1 Housing conditions 80120 m2 12.3% 1205m2 above 89.54% Purchase of commercial 10.49% houses at own expenses 2 type of housing publicly owned housing 0 Building of houses on 89.51% owned house sites Below 2000 1% Prices of local 20004000 98% 3 commercial housesYuan/m2 40006000 1% Above 6000 0 Paid by railway bureaus through local 0 Preferred payment government 4 approach of directly paid by railway bureaus 100% compensation fees Others 0

expected living standard improve moderately 100% 5 after keep unchanged 0 resettlement Decline moderately 0 resettlement in the nearest possible areas 95% If removal and resettled, 6 Relocation in other areas 1% you expect to their own preferences 4% If unsatisfied with land Appeal to upper governments 85.63% requisition, removal and Obstruct the construction 1.32% 7 resettlement, your preferred Protect rights by legal means 13.05 measures

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1.3 questionaire on impacts on local areas

No Questions options percentage affect 12.3% Construction of Harbin-Jiamusi Railway Passenger Dedicated 1 Line on local cultural habits and customs Not affect 76.5%

unclear 11.2% Positive influence is larger 84.56% 2 With negative impacts, by comparing with positive influence, Negative influence is larger 13.6% unclear 1.84%

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2 Schedule of Social Evaluation Surveys

2009.10.12 Harbin City government Data collection and informal discussions 2009.10.13 Bin County government Data collection and informal discussions 2009.10.13 Fangzheng County government Data collection and informal discussions 2009.10.14 Yilan County Government Data collection and informal discussions 2009.10.15 Jiamusi City government Data collection and informal discussions 2009.10.16 Suburb of Jiamusi Wanxing Village Socio-economic surveys Qianwuyan Socio-economic surveys 2009.10.16 Yilan County Yangjiadian Socio-economic surveys Zhongxing II Village Socio-economic surveys 2009.10.17 Fangzheng County Demoli Village Socio-economic surveys Fenghuangton Vilage Socio-economic surveys 2009.10.18 Bin County Chenjiaton Village Socio-economic surveys Nanjiagang village Socio-economic surveys Wuxing Village Socio-economic surveys Yongle village Socio-economic surveys 2009.10.19Daowai District of Harbin Yonghe village Socio-economic surveys Shuangyuan village Socio-economic surveys

percentage of samples

Project Manaement Brochure of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Total amount Suggested size of samples Percentage (%) 100 15 15 200 20 10 500 50 10 1000 50 5

World-Bank Loan Project 41 Social Evaluation Report

No: Time of FillingOctober Table 4 Questionaire of Public Opinion and2009 Suggestions

Area: Province___ City___District/county____Street/Town___Community/Village Name of the investigated Age______Sex______Occupation______No Questions Options Are you clear that 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 the project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 the construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 is the maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts What kind of 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction impacts will be 6 caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 1 monetary favorable 7 approach of land 2 land readjustment requisition and 3 social assurance 4 others resettlement your actual 1 monetary 2 land readjustment approach of land 8 requisition and 3 social assurance 4 others resettlement What is the most 1 concentrated favorable 9 approach of resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary resettlement demolition and 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary Your actual resettlement 10 approach of demolition and 4 new housing replacement 5 others

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resettlement What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount requirements on 11 compensation 3 compensation standard requirement funds Are you clear 1 clear about land 2 not so clear 12 requisition and demolition 3 unclear compensation policies Do you know how 1 clear to appeal when your legal rights 2 unclear 13 are invaded in the process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper government

World-Bank Loan Project 43 Social Evaluation Report

1) October 16, 2009 Area of Surveys: Wanxing Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in suburbs and Wanxing Village. 50 households were surveyed in suburb towns and 3 households were surveyed in Wanxing Village. A survey made on the family of ZHOU Liansheng is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 44 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Jiamusi City Suburb District/County Wanxing Village Name of the investigatedZhou Liansheng Age33 SexFemale OccupationLivestock raise

No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 the maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 2 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 of land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary Your actual approach 10 of demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

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Are you clear about 1 clear land requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are 2 unclear 13 invaded in the process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect 14 your comments to the complaint letters and visits upper government

World-Bank Loan Project 46 Social Evaluation Report

No: Time of FillingOctober 2009 Table 5 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Jiamusi City Suburb District/County Wanxing Village Name of the investigatedZhou Liansheng Tel: 13089674840 Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Relationship with the Education Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with Name occupation head of the household Age Sex Nationality level major diseases or disabled) LV Wang husband 34 Male Han Primary school farming LV Shuangyi Son 11 Male Han Primary school Student

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 0 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 20000 Arable lands 100000 income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 0 Productin includingagriculture 0 includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 0 expenditures woodland 0 Dry land (mu) 0 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 10000 Irrigated land (mu) 0 Woodland (Yuan) 0 others 10000 Sloping land (mu) 0 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 100000 Total expenditures 20000

Usage Grain crops (mu) 0 Total income (Yuan) 0 includingfood 5000 Cash crops (mu) 0 Nonagricultural Including: business 0 clothing 5000 incomes income (Yuan) Cash woodland (mu) 0 0 Water, electricityand 5000 Working income (Yuan) Living fuel expenditures Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income 0 Health care 2000 ( others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 2000 Wedding and funerals 500 crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) 20000 Others 500 Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition

World-Bank Loan Project 47 Social Evaluation Report

Living spaceM2 240 Total area of 1 Color TV acquired land Area Area of house siteM2 1500 Area of arable land Black and 0 White TV Building time (Year) 10 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 1 0 Area of dry land Washing 1 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble 1 Housing 2 240 others Motorcycle 1 Brick compundM structure Woodland Tractor 1 2 0 Garden Bike 1 Earth woodM pond Computer 1 othersM2 0 Others

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2) October 16, 2009 Area of Surveys: Qianyuyan and Yangjiadian Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Qianyuyan and Yangjiadian Village. 3 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of QI shuiguo is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 49 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Yilan District/County Qianwuyan Village Name of the investigatedQi Shuiguo Age40 Sexmale OccupationFarming

No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 3 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 50 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

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No: Time of FillingOctober 2009

Table 6 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Yilan District/County Qianwuyan Village Name of the investigatedQi Shuiguo Tel: ______Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Relationship with the Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with Name head of the Education occupation major diseases or disabled) household Age Sex Nationality level HAN Chunping Wife 38 Female Han Primary school farming QI Zhongpeng Son 15 Male Han Middle school QI Zhonghe Son 8 Male Han Primary school

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 13 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 20000 Arable lands 40000 income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 3 Productin includingagriculture 10000 includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 40000 expenditures woodland 0 Dry land (mu) 0 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 0 Irrigated land (mu) 13 Woodland (Yuan) 0 others 10000 Sloping land (mu) 0 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 0 Total expenditures 10000

Usage Grain crops (mu) 3 Total income (Yuan) 0 includingfood 4000 Nonagricultural Cash crops (mu) 0 Including: business 0 clothing 1000 incomes income (Yuan) Cash woodland (mu) 0 0 Water, electricityand 500 Working income (Yuan) Living fuel expenditures Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income 0 Health care 1000 ( others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 3000 Wedding and funerals 500 crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) 10000 Others 0

World-Bank Loan Project 52 Social Evaluation Report

Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition Living spaceM2 120 Total area of 120 Color TV acquired land 2 200 Area of arable land Black and 200 Area Area of house siteM White TV Building time (Year) 10 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 10 0 Area of dry land Washing 0 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble Housing 2 120 others Motorcycle 120 Brick compundM structure Woodland Tractor 2 0 Garden Bike 0 Earth woodM pond Computer othersM2 0 Others 0

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3) October 17, 2009 Area of Surveys: Zhongxing Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Zhongxing Village. 3 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of Jing Qinghai is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 54 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Fangzheng District/County Zhongxing Village Name of the investigatedJing Qinghai Age60 Sexmale OccupationRetired

No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 4 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 55 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 56 Social Evaluation Report

Time of FillingOctober No: 2009 Table 7 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Fangzheng District/County Zhongxing Village Name of the investigatedJing Qinghai Tel: _57197236____Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Name of Second job Permanent seni Education Nation Annual Distance to Time of Target of the Sex Age organization Position skills and annual residents al level ality income work (km) work employment master ority income Retired from JING fathe Education Male 60 Yes Han industrial and Qinghai r al level commercial bank Family background Annua Relation Distan Second job Target of Education Nation l Time of Employme with the Name Sex Age organization Position ce to and annual employme disability al level ality incom work nt skills master work income nt e JING Education son Male 23 Han farming Xuchun al level JING Middle son Male 17 Han student Xudong school

Unauthorized orien Housing area construction Rent or Rent per Owner User floor rooms 2 tatio business by using the housing structure M room not month n area housing s Gro Livi Net Nort ss ng Annual Annual net JING Brick are h to area type JING Qinghai 1 4 are spa No turnover income Qinghai compound a sout a ce h 270 180 90 Housing facility and supply decoration

World-Bank Loan Project 57 Social Evaluation Report

pour- Note balcon electric Gas phon Cable flush kitchen restroom water good medium bad y ity heat e TV latrine

Fully supporting Not fully 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 Bad supporting No supporting With or without ID of local city/town yes Starting living in the Livind term if city/town if without local without local ID ID Annual incomes (yuan) Annual expenditures (yuan) Color TV 1 computers 0 Incomes of Expenditure of Educational 50000 0 4000 Black and white TV 0 Other value asset 0 male doing business expenditures Incomes of Expenditures of Wedding and 10000 1 1000 Ice refrigerator 1 female family funerals Family business Present 0 Tax 1 500 Washing machine 1 income expenditures Out-of-town Expenditures of Other remittance of 0 1 500 Phone 1 clothing expenditures male Out-of-town Expenditures of remittance of 0 water, electricity and 1 Motorcycles 1 female fuel Expenditures of Sum: 60000 transport and 1 Bikes 1 communcation Expenditures of 0 Motor vehicles 0 health care the living level of the low( Compared with other ow( street compared with )medium()high( ) families in the street )medium()high( ) others whose opinion play a Master of the family major role in the family

World-Bank Loan Project 58 Social Evaluation Report

4) October 17, 2009 Area of Surveys: Demoli Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Demoli Village. 2 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of Wang Huian is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 59 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Fangzheng District/County Demoli Village Name of the investigatedWang Huian Age47 Sexmale Occupationbusiness owner

No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 5 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 60 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 61 Social Evaluation Report

No: Time of filling: October 2009

Table 8 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Yilan District/County Demoli Village Name of the investigatedWANG Huian Tel: _13206661777_____Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Relationship with the Education Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with major Name occupation head of the household Age Sex Nationality level diseases or disabled) GAO Shufeng Wife 46 Female Han Primary school farming WANG Yanhui Daughter 24 Female Han Middle school farming WANG Yanbin Son 20 Male Han University student

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 15 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 1.78 million 10000 Arable lands income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 3 includingagriculture 10000 Productin includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 10000 woodland 0 expenditures Dry land (mu) 15 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 0 Irrigated land (mu) 0 0 others 1.779 Woodland (Yuan) million Sloping land (mu) 0 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 0 Living Total expenditures 200000 Usage Grain crops (mu) 15 Nonagricultural Total income (Yuan) 20 expenditures includingfood 50000

incomes million Cash crops (mu) 0 Including: business 20 clothing 50000 income (Yuan) million Cash woodland (mu) 0 Working income (Yuan) 0 Water, electricityand fuel 50000 Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income ( 0 Health care 20000 others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 20000 Wedding and funerals 5000

World-Bank Loan Project 62 Social Evaluation Report

crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) 4 million Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition Living spaceM2 200 Total area of 1 Color TV acquired land 2 1000 Area of arable land Black and 0 Area Area of house siteM White TV Building time (Year) 8 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 1 0 Area of dry land Washing 1 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble 1 Housing 2 200 others Motorcycle 1 Brick compundM structure Woodland Tractor 0 2 0 Garden Bike 1 Earth woodM pond Computer 1 othersM2 0 Others 1

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5) October 18, 2009 Area of Surveys: Fenghuangshan Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Fenghuangshan Village. 2 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of CHAI Ku is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 64 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Fenghuangshan Village Name of the investigatedCHAI Ku Age55 Sexmale Occupationfarming

No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 6 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 65 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 66 Social Evaluation Report

Time of filling: October No: 2009

Table 8 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Fenghuangshan Village Name of the investigatedCHAI Ku Tel: _15045285800 Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Relationship with the Education Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with major Name occupation head of the household Age Sex Nationality level diseases or disabled) FENG Yuqing Wife 53 Female Han Primary school farming CHAI Hongwu Son 25 Male Han Middle school farming

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 50 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 20000 Arable lands 80000 income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 8.1 Productin includingagriculture 10000 includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 30000 expenditures woodland 0 Dry land (mu) 50 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 10000 Irrigated land (mu) 0 Woodland (Yuan) 0 others 0 Sloping land (mu) 0 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 50000 Total expenditures 20000 Usage Nonagricultu

Grain crops (mu) 50 ral incomes Total income (Yuan) 200000 includingfood 5000 Cash crops (mu) 0 Including: business 0 clothing 6000 income (Yuan) Living Cash woodland (mu) 0 Working income (Yuan) 200000 Water, electricityand fuel 4000 expenditures Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income ( 0 Health care 1000 others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 3000 Wedding and funerals 500 crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) 46667 others 500 Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition

World-Bank Loan Project 67 Social Evaluation Report

Living spaceM2 300 Total area of 1 Color TV acquired land Area Area of house siteM2 1000 Area of arable land Black and 0 White TV Building time (Year) 8 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 1 0 Area of dry land Washing 1 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble 1 2 300 others Motorcycle 1 Housing Brick compundM Woodland Tractor 1 structure 2 0 Garden Bike 1 Earth woodM pond Computer 1 2 0 mechanical othersM Others digger

World-Bank Loan Project 68 Social Evaluation Report

6) October 18, 2009 Area of Surveys: Zhaojiatun Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Zhaojiatun Village. 5 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of ZHAO Kaixi is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 69 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Zhaojiatun Village Name of the investigatedZHAO Kaixi Age60 Sexmale Occupationfarming No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 7 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement Are you clear about land 1 clear 12 requisition and

World-Bank Loan Project 70 Social Evaluation Report

demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 71 Social Evaluation Report

Time of filling: October No: 2009

Table 10 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Zhaojiatun Village Name of the investigatedZHAO Kaixi Tel: _57896684_____Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) low-income family Relationship with the Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with Name head of the Education occupation major diseases or disabled) household Age Sex Nationality level GUO Shuzhen Wife 60 Female Han Primary school farming ZHAO Son 40 Male Han Middle school farming Changbao ZHAO Lianxin grandson 20 Male Han High school student

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 20 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 10000 Arable lands 20000 income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 4 Productin includingagriculture 5000 includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 20000 expenditures woodland 0 Dry land (mu) 20 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 0 Irrigated land (mu) 0 Woodland (Yuan) 0 others 5000 Sloping land (mu) 20 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 0 Total expenditures 10000

Usage Grain crops (mu) 20 Total income (Yuan) 0 includingfood 2000 Nonagricultural Cash crops (mu) 0 Including: business 0 clothing 2000 incomes income (Yuan) Cash woodland (mu) 0 0 Water, electricityand 1000 Working income (Yuan) Living fuel expenditures Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income 0 Health care 2000 ( others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 2000 Wedding and funerals 500 crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) others 500

World-Bank Loan Project 72 Social Evaluation Report

Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition Living spaceM2 250 Total area of 1 Color TV acquired land 2 300 Area of arable land Black and 0 Area Area of house siteM White TV Building time (Year) 28 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 0 0 Area of dry land Washing 1 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble 0 Housing 2 250 others Motorcycle 0 Brick compundM structure Woodland Tractor 0 2 0 Garden Bike 1 Earth woodM pond Computer 0 othersM2 0 Others

World-Bank Loan Project 73 Social Evaluation Report

7) October 18, 2009 Area of Surveys: Nanjiagang Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Nanjiagang Village. 4 sample households were interviewed. A survey made on the family of JIANG Yonglin is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 74 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Nanjiagang Village Name of the investigatedJIANG Yonglin Age55 Sexmale Occupationfarming No Questions Options Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 8 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 75 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 76 Social Evaluation Report

Time of filling: October No: 2009

Table 11 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Bin District/County Nanjiagang Village Name of the investigatedJIANG Yonglin Tel: _13329309733_Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others Relationship with the Notes (do business in other areas or work for others, with Name head of the Education occupation major diseases or disabled) household Age Sex Nationality level CHEN Xiuwen Wife 50 Female Han Primary school farming JIANG Son 29 Male Han Middle school farming Dianliang

Arable lands and type of usage Quantity Family income amount Family expenditures amount

Total size (mu) 32 income Agricultural Annual agricultural Total expenditures 30000 Arable lands 120000 income(yuan) Size per capita (mu) 4.5 Productin includingagriculture 10000 includingpaddy field (mu) 0 Including: crop (Yuan) 1000 expenditures woodland 0 Dry land (mu) 22 Cash crops (Yuan) 0 animal husbandry 10000 Irrigated land (mu) 0 Woodland (Yuan) 1000 others 10000 Sloping land (mu) 0 Livestock breeding (Yuan) 100000 Total expenditures 20000

Usage Grain crops (mu) 32 Total income (Yuan) 0 includingfood 5000 Cash crops (mu) 0 Nonagricultural Including: business 0 clothing 5000 incomes income (Yuan) Cash woodland (mu) 10 0 Water, electricityand 5000 Working income (Yuan) Living fuel expenditures Garden (mu) 0 Enterprise income 0 Health care 2000 ( others 0 Others (Yuan) 0 Education 2000 Wedding and funerals 500 crops corn Net income per capita (Yuan) 17110 others 500

World-Bank Loan Project 77 Social Evaluation Report

Fomer Size of Area of Area of Land requisition Provisional Housing and Demolition living demolitioned replaced Permanent Appliance Type andQuantity and settlement requisition space house house requisition Living spaceM2 200 Total area of 1 Color TV acquired land 2 3000 Area of arable land Black and 0 Area Area of house siteM White TV Building time (Year) 7 Area of paddy land Refrigerator 1 0 Area of dry land Washing 1 Brick woodM2 machine Sloping arable land Moble 1 Housing 2 200 others Motorcycle 1 Brick compundM structure Woodland Tractor 1 2 0 Garden Bike 1 Earth woodM pond Computer 1 othersM2 0 Others

World-Bank Loan Project 78 Social Evaluation Report

8) October 19, 2009 Area of Surveys: Nanjiagang Village The investigation panel conducted on-site surveys in Daowai District and Acheng District of Harbin. 55 sample households were interviewed in the two districts and 6 households were interviewed in Dongfeng Town and Yongyuan Town. A survey made on the family of WANG Jing is illustrated as an example

World-Bank Loan Project 79 Social Evaluation Report

An Example of Questionaires of Public Opinion and Suggestions

Area: Province Harbin City Daowai District/County Name of the investigatedWANG Jing Age28 Sexfemale Occupationbusinesswoman

Questions Options No Are you clear that the 1 clear 2 not so clear 3 unclear 1 project will be constructed soon? 1 documents issued by the upper government 2 from other residents 2 How do you know about the project? 3 from TV and radios 4 impacts on local investment environment Do you agree to the 1 agree 2 disagree 3 not to matter 3 construction of the project? Who do you think the project will 4 benefit? multi- 1) the state 2 the collective 3 the individual choice allowed 1 passenger transport 2 goods transport What do you think is the 3 possibilities of employment and becoming richn 5 maximum benefit to you? 4 impacts on local investment environme 5 development of township enterprises to improve household incomes (6) no benefits 1 no impacts

What kind of impacts 2 impacts on traffic conditions caused by construction 6 will be caused by the 3 economic losses caused by housing demolition line? 4 reduced economic revenues caused by land requisition 5 other impacts What is the most 9 monetary favorable approach of land readjustment 7 land requisition and 2 resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others your actual approach of 1 monetary 2 land readjustment 8 land requisition and resettlement 3 social assurance 4 others What is the most concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated resettlement 3 monetary favorable approach of 9 demolition and resettlement 4 new housing replacement 5 others resettlement 1 concentrated resettlement 2 concentrated Your actual approach of 10 demolition and resettlement 3 monetary resettlement 4 new housing resettlement replacement 5 others What’s your 1 pay in time 2 pay in full amount 11 requirements on compensation funds 3 compensation standard requirement

World-Bank Loan Project 80 Social Evaluation Report

Are you clear about land 1 clear requisition and 12 demolition 2 not so clear compensation policies 3 unclear Do you know how to 1 clear appeal when your legal rights are invaded in the 2 unclear 13 process of land requisition and demolition? How will you reflect your 14 comments to the upper complaint letters and visits government

World-Bank Loan Project 81 Social Evaluation Report

No: Time of filling: October 2009

Table 12 An example of Fact Sheets of Demolitioned households (rural)

Area: Province Harbin City Daowai District/County Lianhe Street Name of the investigatedWANG Jing Tel: _13684511511_Disadvantaged Group: A). Yes or No B) types: a) household enjoying five guarantees, b) disabled, c) female acting as the master of the family, d) minorities, e) unemployed, f) major disease, g) others

Name of Distance Second job Permanent seni Education Natio Annual Time of Target of the Sex Age organization Position skills to work and annual residents al level nality income work employment master ority (km) income WANG Femal Moth Education 28 Yes Han Private business Jing e er al level

Family background Annu Second Relation Distan Target of Education Natio al Time of job and Employme with the Name Sex Age organization Position ce to employme disability al level nality incom work annual nt skills master work nt e income Husban Education LI Chunhai Male 30 Han Private business d al level Middle son Li Yulong Female 17 Han student school son Li Yuxin Female 6 Han

Unauthorized orie Housing area construction Rent or Rent per Owner User floor rooms 2 ntati business by using the housing structure M room not month on area housing s Gro Livi Net Nort ss ng Annual Annual net WANG Brick are h to area type WANG Jing 2 4 are spa No turnover income Jing compound a sout a ce h 270 200 200 Housing facility and supply decoration

World-Bank Loan Project 82 Social Evaluation Report

pour- Note balcon electric Gas phon Cable flush kitchen restroom water good medium bad y ity heat e TV latrine

Fully supporting 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 Not fully Bad supporting No supporting With or without ID of local Starting living in the yes Livind term if city/town city/town if without without local ID local ID Annual incomes (yuan) Annual expenditures (yuan) Color TV 1 computers 0 Incomes of Expenditure of Educational 100000 0 4000 Black and white TV 0 Other value asset 0 male doing business expenditures Incomes of Expenditures of Wedding and 100000 50000 1000 Ice refrigerator 1 female family funerals Family business Present 0 Tax 0 500 Washing machine 1 income expenditures Out-of-town Expenditures of Other remittance of 0 5000 500 Phone 1 clothing expenditures male Out-of-town Expenditures of remittance of 0 water, electricity 3000 Motorcycles 1 female and fuel Expenditures of Sum 200000 transport and 2000 Bikes 1 communcation Expenditures of 4000 Motor vehicles 0 health care the living level of the ow( low( Compared with other street compared with )medium()high( )medium()high( ) families in the street others ) whose opinion play a Master of the family major role in the family

World-Bank Loan Project 83 Social Evaluation Report o: Time of filling: October 2010 ble 13 Acquired (permanent and provisional) Rural Collective Lands and Economic Status

a: Helongjiang Province Harbin City Fangzheng County Yihantong Town Henan Village, me of village head: LIU Ku Total households 1018 P

o Total population 3623 p u i

n Male 1223 l a c t l g i u Agricultural population 3623 o d n i

n Non-agricultural population 0 Minorities Manchu30 D

n Households enjoying five guarantees 50 g i t s r a o a

g Disabled 0 u d e p v

d Female acting as master of the family 23 a Poor families 30 L

a Total labor forces 970 b

o farmers leaving home to seek jobs 200 r

f Industrial labor 0 o r

c Agricultural lab 770 e Lab of tertiary industry 0 Garden (Mu) 0 Woodland (Mu) 0 Arable land (Mu) 15913 Arable land per capita (Mu) 4.4 l a n i Paddy land (Mu) 4.4 n d c

l Dry land (Mu) 0 u

d includingirrigable land (Mu) 0 i n

g Sloping land (Mu) 0 Reserved land of farmers' collective 0 organization Net income per capita of farmers 5800 N

e 0-800 Yuan (number of households) 95 f t a i n

r 800-1500 Yuan (number of households) 82 c m o e

m 1500-3000 Yuan (number of households) 64 r s e 3000-5000 Yuan (number of households) 125 o

f 5000-10000 Yuan (number of households) 623 10000 Yuan above (number of households) 29

d crop% 54 Commerce% 0 i f t f h e P wood% 0 Service industry% 4 e r e e w r

n Live-stock 30 Labor export% c h

t 8 e o

r breeding% n e l e t v a fishing% 0 Others% 3 e v g n i e l

l Village 0 u a o e g f

s enterprises% e

o Building 1 f industry% d-Bank Loan Project 84 Social Evaluation Report

Transport 0 industry% e: if minorities involved, please indicating name of the affected minority and population

d-Bank Loan Project 85

Social Evaluation Report

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