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Hydrogeology Study for Aqua Danone CSR Program

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Hydrogeology Study for Aqua Danone CSR Program E3S Web of Conferences 43, 01013 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184301013 ASTECHNOVA 2017 Determination LMWL Wonosobo Area by Using Nuclear Technology, Case Study: Hydrogeology Study for Aqua Danone CSR Program Agus Budhie Wijatna1, Heru Hendrayana2, Fitrotun Aliyah*1, Azwar Satriya Muhammad3, Bungkus Pratikno4 1Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2Department of Geology Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3PT Tirta Investama Danone Aqua, Jakarta, Indonesia 4National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program is one of the management concepts whereby the company integrates social and environmental aspect to support their business as the strategy to achieve the company goals for balancing between economic, social, and environmental imperatives. PT Tirta Investama Danone Aqua, which located in Wonosobo has a core business in supplying natural drinking water. To fulfil its responsibility in conserving nature and groundwater reserves, PT Tirta Investama Danone Aqua has a CSR program called Aqua Lestari. The determination of the receiving area of the CSR program should review and analyzed in order the CSR programs is not misplaced. PT Tirta Investama wants the CSR program to be given to the groundwater recharge areas for maintaining groundwater reserves sustainability. Therefore, a comprehensive study concluded to determine the groundwater recharge area studied from the aspects of geology, hydrogeology, and hydro isotope. The application of nuclear technology especially for stable isotope tracer can be used to know the groundwater recharge area, and modeling the flow of subsurface groundwater. Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) is used for analysis of groundwater recharge area. The equation of LMWL Wonosobo is δD, ‰ = 8,102 * δ18O + 14,21‰. 1 Introduction technology can measure the spring water of PT. Tirta Investama Danone Aqua comes from the groundwater CSR or Corporate Social Responsibility is a corporate recharge area which is obtained from a study of geology program which gives something to the beneficiaries in and hydrogeology. order to reach the balancing of economic aspect, social, and environment. PT Tirta Investama Danone Aqua, which located in Wonosobo, Central Java has a core 1.1 Site Description business in supplying natural drinking water in the form PT. Tirta Investama Danone Aqua has natural springs of bottled water product. To fulfill its responsibility in located in Wonosobo area, precisely in the mountains of conserving nature and groundwater reserves, PT Tirta Dieng plateau, Central Java, Indonesia. Most of the Investama Danone Aqua has a CSR program called research areas are administratively located in Wonosobo Aqua Lestari. The determination of the receiving area of District, Central Java Province. Astronomically, the the CSR program should be reviewed and analyzed in study area is between the UTM coordinates Zone 49S order the CSR programs is not misplaced. PT Tirta lines 375400 - 390078 meters and 9186333 - 9203520 Investama wants the CSR program to be given to the meters or 109° 52'17 "- 110° 0'15" East Longitude and groundwater recharge areas in order to maintain 7°12'16 "- 7°21'35 "south latitude of 251.55 km2 or groundwater reserves sustainability. Therefore, a about 25.6% of the total area of Wonosobo regency. The comprehensive study concluded to determine the research area is also included in Temanggung Regency groundwater recharge area studied from the aspects of in the northeast and Banjarnegara District in the geology, hydrogeology, and hydro isotope. Nuclear northwest. technology application through stable isotope analysis in Wonosobo regency is one of the city in Central Java groundwater compositions has proven useful as with an area of 984.68 km2. It is located between 7º11 geochemical tools for exploration and management of 'and 7º36' South Latitude, 109º43 'and 110º4' East groundwater resources [1]. The hydro isotope * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 43, 01013 (2018) The European Physical Journal Conferenceshttps://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184301013 ASTECHNOVA 2017 Longitude. The area mostly mountainous with a range 2 METHOD from 250 – 2250 meters above sea level (m.asl). This study proposed that the samples examined were rainwater samples taken from different locations of 1.2 Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) elevation between Jembangan volcanoes, Dieng In hydrological cycle, the rainfall of precipitation will be volcanoes, and Sundoro volcanoes. Samples of rain a surface water or infiltrate to the ground and become water were taken during the rainy season in five different groundwater resource. The surface water is susceptible locations with different elevations representing different to be evaporation which degree of evaporation will characteristics of rainfall and the rainwater isotope change the isotopic composition of surface water. On the fractionation process in the west slopes of the Sundoro other side, the infiltrated water is shielded by the volcano. Samples at different elevations are expected to reservoir rock from evaporation thus preserving the know how the influence of elevation on changes in isotopic composition of the source rainwater. The isotopic composition in rainwater. In each elevation were groundwater consists of two types of circulating if the taken three times of sampling when high rainfall, ground which are shallow groundwater and deeply- medium rainfall, and low rainfall, so that the different circulating groundwater. Shallow groundwater has the effects of rainfall on isotopic compositions are easily observed. short circulating with near exit through locally-fed 2 1 1 18 16 groundwater system. In another side, the deeply- Analysis of isotopic H/ H (D/ H) and O/ O circulating groundwater system has exit points in isotope measurements were performed at the Earth and regionally-fed spring. The isotopic composition of the Environmental Laboratory, PATIR-BATAN, using a type (deeply circulating groundwater) is typically mass spectrometer. To minimize the occurrence of calculated using the rainwater data. The derived isotopic evaporation and contamination, the bottle cap of the values, in term of Deuterium (2H) and Oxygen-18 (18O) sample is isolated by water tape insulation and fixing the are collectively called as the Meteoric Water Index time interval of the sampling to the laboratory analysis process no later than 5 days after sampling. (MWI) [1] or Meteoric Water Line [2]. Craig [3] first 2 1 18 16 defined that the Global Meteoric Water Line (GMWL) Measurement and analysis of the H/ H and O/ O used to δ2H = 8 δ18O + 10 an ordinary least squares isotope ratios are used to assess the effect of elevation regression. The primary source δ2H and δ18O data for and rainfall on the isotopic composition of the rainwater. GMWL is Global Network of Isotope in Precipitation Subsequently, the equations resulting from the study of the influence of elevation on the isotope composition (GNIP) globally [3]. For the local precipitation data is 18 called Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL). (δ O, δD) of rainfall that falls on the West Slope of Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) is a linear Sundoro volcanoes are called the Local Meteoric Water correlation of δ2H and δ18O contents which observed in Line (LMWL)-Wonosobo equation. The origin of the local area (Wonosobo precipitation). LMWL can be groundwater can be estimated from the equations formed on the influence of elevation on 18O isotope ratio. used to evaluate the origin of waters. For example: if the 1 18 16 values of a pair of isotopes ratio determine from The value of D/ H and O/ O isotope ratio from rain water samples is expressed relative to SMOW and groundwater samples plot in the range of the Meteoric 18 Water Line (MWL), it can be concluded that written with the notation (δD‰) and (δ O‰) using groundwater was recharged by local precipitations equation [4,5]: (originate from meteoric water). Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) is often Rsmpl − Rstd 0 δ = x1000 00 ............................... (1) established from analysis of monthly rainwater samples Rstd in an area. The LMWL is used to a variety of hydrological application, commonly to determine the relationship of surface or groundwater to a potential D smpl − D smow [( H ) ( H ) ] precipitation source or to determine the degree of δD.‰ = x1000........ (2) D smow evaporation enrichment of the water [2]. ( H ) The analysis of groundwater recharge area can’t be separated from the calculation of LMWL because 18O 18O LMWL will be a basis whether the sample water is from [( 16 )smpl − ( 16 )smow] rainwater/ surface water or groundwater. δ18O.‰ O O = 18 x1000 The aims of the determination of LMWL equation O ( 16 )smow is as a reference to know any hydraulic interconnection O between groundwater samples from PT. Aqua Danone ‰ …………………...…….……………………….… (3) spring water and surrounding springs water. LMWL With; equation can be used as a reference in natural isotope 1 18 16 Rsmpl = isotope ratio (D/ H or O/ O) of water sample research to study of groundwater dynamic in hydrology 1 18 16 Rstd = isotope ratio (D/ H or O/ O) sea water cycle and conduct mapping of groundwater recharge 18 area. δ = isotope ratio (D or O) of water sample relative to the SMOW, ‰ δD = isotope ratio D/1H water sample relative to SMOW, ‰ 2 E3S Web of Conferences 43, 01013 (2018) Title of the conference https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184301013 ASTECHNOVA 2017 18 18 16 18 18 16 δ O = isotope ratio O/ O water sample relative to δi O = isotope ration O/ O relative to SMOW in SMOW, ‰ rainfall to(i), ‰ 1 Standard mean ocean water (SMOW) is a standard δiD = isotope ration D/ H relative to SMOW in for calibrating the composition of isotope ratio in the rainwater to (i), ‰ water sample.
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