ABOUT THE AUTHORS

BONSIEPEN, WOLFGANG (1946): Research Fellow, the Hegel Archive, Bochum; co-editor of Hegel's Phenomenology (1980), 1827 Encyclope• dia (1989); research interests - post-Kantian philosophy of nature; address - Hegel-Archiv, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Overbergstrasse 17, Postfach 102148,44801 Bochum 1, Germany.

BORZESZKOWSKI, HORST-HEINO VON (1940): Professor of Theoretical Physics, East Berlin; research interests - history of science, epistemology, theoretical physics; address - the former Einstein Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Rosa-Luxemburg-Strasse 17a, 14482 Potsdam, Germany.

BRACKENRIDGE, J. BRUCE (1927): Professor of Physics, Lawrence Universi• ty; research interests - Newton's early dynamics and the opening sections of the Principia; address - Department of Physics, Lawrence University, Post Box 599, Appleton, Wisconsin 54912, U.S.A.

BRONGER, PATRICK P.A. (1972): is studying Philosophy and Econometrics at the Erasmus University Rotterdam; special interests - methodology and the philosophy of mind; address - Struissenburgdwarsstraat 128, 3063 BV Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

BUCHDAHL, GERD (1914): Readerin the History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, emeritus; research interests - metaphysics and the philosophy of science, especially Kant and the dynamics of reason; address - Department of the History and Philosophy of Science, Free School Lane, Cambridge CB2 3RH, England.

BURBIDGE, JOHN W. (1936): Professor of Philosophy, Trent University; President of the Hegel Society of America 1988/90, author of Hegel's Logic (1981), Within Reason (1990), Logic and Religion (1992); address -'- 379 Stewart Street, Peterborough, Ontario K9H 4A9, Canada.

M. J. Petry (ed.), Hegel and Newtonianism, 721-726, 1993. 722 About the Authors

BunNER, STEFAN (1958): Research Assistant, Research Institute for Phi• losophy, University of Hanover; research interests - Hegel's philosophy of nature, Spinoza's concept of space; address - St.-Peter-Strasse 2, 69126 Hei• delberg, Germany.

DREES, MARTIN (1955): Member of the Arbeitskreis zu Hegels Naturphiloso• phie; research interests - Hegel's and Holderlin's development, the founda• tions of philosophy, the theory of dialectic; address - Wittelsbacherring 27, 53115 Bonn, Germany.

ENGELHARDT, DIETRICH VON (1941): Director of the Institute for the History of Medicine and Science, University of Lubeck; author of Hegel und die Chemie (1976), Historisches Bewusstsein in der NaturwissenschaJt (1979), Klassiker der Medizin (1991); research interests - philosophy of medicine, medical ethics; address - Konigstrasse 42, 23552 Lubeck, Germany.

FALKENBURG, BRIGITTE (1953): Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Constance; trained in both Philosophy (Bielefeld) and Physics (Heidelberg); research interests - traditional natural philosophy, especially Kant and Hegel; modern philosophy of science, especially the problems of particle physics; address - Monchhofstrasse 5a, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

FLEISCHHACKER, LOUK E. (1936): Associate Professor of Logic and the Phi• losophy of Mathematics, Technical University Twente; trained in mathemat• ics and mathematical logic at Amsterdam; research interests - mathematical thought in technology and philosophy; address - Faculty WMW, P.O. Box 217, Twente University, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.

GARRISON, JAMES W. (1950): Professor of Philosophy, Virginia Polytechnic; research interests - mathematical logic and the history and philosophy of sci• ence; address - 226 War Memorial Hall, Virginia Polytechnic, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0317, U.S.A.

GJERTSEN, DEREK (1933): Research Fellow in Philosophy, University of Liverpool; author of The Classics of Science (1984), The Newton Handbook (1986), Science and Philosophy (1989); research interest - science and mod• ern irrationalism; address - 1 Ash Grove, Formby, Merseyside L37 2DT, England.

GOWER, BARRY (1941): Lecturer in the Philosophy of Science, University of Durham; research interests - early nineteenth-century German science and About the Authors 723

philosophy, the development of probabilistic reasoning in science; address - Philosophy Department, Durham University, 50 Old Elvet, Durham DHI 3HN, England.

GRATIAN-GUINNESS, IVOR (1941): Reader in Mathematics, Middlesex Uni• versity; edited the Annals of Science 1974/81, founder-editor of History and Philosophy of Logic 1980-, author of Convolutions in French Mathematics (1990); research interests - the foundations of mathematics; address - 43 St. Leonard's Road, Bengeo, Hertfordshire SG14 3JW, England.

GUICCIARDINI, NICCOLO (1957): Research Fellow in Philosophy, University of Bologna; author of The Development of Newtonian calculus in Britain (1989); research interests - the history ofthe calculus and applied mathemat• ics; address - via Polibio 5, 20144 Milan, Italy.

IHMIG, KARL-NORBERT (1958): Research Fellow, Ecclesiastical University of Bethel, formerly Research Fellow in the philosophy of mathematics at the University of Bielefeld; author of Hegels Deutung der Gravitation (1989); research interests - the history and philosophy of mathematics; address - Kollwitzstrasse 1,33613 Bielefeld 1, Germany.

ILLETIERATI, LUCA (1963): Research Fellow in Philosophy, University of Padua; research interests - philosophy and science during the nineteenth cen• tury, Hegel's conception of nature and of the organism; address - 94 Viale Verona, 36100 Vicenza, Italy.

KLurr, PETER MARTIN (1959): Research Fellow, European Laboratory for Particle Physics, Geneva; trained in both High Energy Physics and Philoso• phy (Amsterdam); research interests - the foundations of physical science, the history and philosophy of nature; address - 29 Ie Clos des Vignes, 01630 St. Genis-Pouilly, France.

LUNTEREN, FRANS VAN (1958): Lecturer in the History of Science, Universi• ty of Utrecht; research interest - the history of physics since the eighteenth• century; address -Institute for the History of Science, University of Utrecht, Nieuwegracht 187, 3512 LM Utrecht, The Netherlands.

MELICA, CLAUDIA (1961): Research Fellow in Philosophy, University of Rome La Sapienza; has published on Hemsterhuis's optics, KoynS's interpre• tation of Hegel, Italian philosophy; present research - Hegel's philosophy of religion; address - Via L. Rizzo 14,00136 Rome, Italy. 724 About the Authors

MENSE, ANDRE (1963): is studying Philosophy and Jurisprudence at the Erasmus University Rotterdam; special interests - methodology, ethics and the history of philosophy; address - Koppeldijk 78, 3079 IT Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

MILLER, ARNOLD VINCENT (1899-1991): Member of the Hegel Society of Great Britain; widely known on account of his translations of Hegel's Science of Logic (1969), Philosophy of Nature (1970), Phenomenology (1977) etc.; his daughter Mary Lettington now has care of his papers; address - 17 Lower Street, Stroud GL5 2HT, Gloucestershire, England.

MOORE, A.W. (1956): Tutorial Fellow and University Lecturer in Philosophy, St. Hugh's College, Oxford; research interests - metaphysics, philosophical logic, philosophy of mathematics; author of The Infinite (1990); address - St. Hugh's College, Oxford OX2 6LE, England.

MORETTO, ANTONIO (1943): Associate Professor of Philosophy at the Uni• versity of Sassari; author of Hegel e la Matematica dell'Infinito (1984), and of numerous articles on Hegel's philosophy of mathematics; research inter• ests - history and philosophy of mathematics and physics, German Idealism; address - Facolta di Lettere e Filosofia, Universita di Sassari, via M. Zanfari• no 62, 07100 Sassari, Italy.

NEUSER, WOLFGANG (1950): Guest Professor of the Philosophy of Sci• ence, University of Cassel (1990), Catholic University of Rio Grande (1992), Chairman of the Arbeitskreis zu Hegels Naturphilosophie; widely known on account of his edition of Hegel's De Orbitis Planetarum (1986), Newtons Universum (1990), Die Schriften Giordano Brunos (1991) etc.; address - Unterer Fauler Pelz 6, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

PATER, CEES DE (1943): Lecturer in the History of Science, University of Utrecht; author of works on Musschenbroek(1979) and S Gravesande(1988); research interest - the history of Newtonianism in the Netherlands; address - Institute for the History of Science, University of Utrecht, Nieuwegracht 187,3512 LM Utrecht, The Netherlands.

PETRY, MICHAEL JOHN (1933): Professor ofthe History of Philosophy, Eras• mus University Rotterdam; edited Hegel und die Naturwissenschaften (1987), co-edited Hegels Philosophie der Natur (1986); research interests - the histo• ry and philosophy of mathematics and the natural sciences; address - Maarten Dijkshoornlaan 33,3055 AS Rotterdam, The Netherlands. About the Authors 725

Pozzo, RICCARDO (1959): Research Fellow, University of Trier; author of Kant und Logik (1989), Hegel: Introductio in philosophiam (1989); research interests - the history of logic, the methodology of science - Corso di Porta Ticinese 87, 20123 Milan, Italy.

PRIEST, STEPHEN MARTIN (1954): Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Edin• burgh; author of The British Empiricists (1990), Theories of Mind (1991), Merleau-Ponty (1993), editor of Hegel's Critique of Kant (1987,19922); address - Department of Philosophy, University of Edinburgh, David Hume Tower, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JX, Scotland.

SARLEMIJN, ANDRIES (1938): Professor of the Methodology, History and Philosophy of Technology, Eindhoven Technical University; research inter• ests - the history of science and technology; address - De Dijkakker 8, 5511 KX Knegsel, The Netherlands.

SNELDERS, H.A.M. (1930): Professor of the History of Science, University of Utrecht; research interests - a book on the history of chemistry in the Nether• lands has been completed, and a corresponding work on natural science in Germany around 1800 is in preparation; address - Institute for the History of Science, University of Utrecht, Nieuwegracht 187, 3512 LM Utrecht, The Netherlands.

STEINLE, FRIEDRICH (1957): Rese,arch Assistant, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Gottingen; research interests - the foundations of New• ton's mechanics, experimentation and theory in the work of Faraday and Ampere; address - Philosophisches Seminar der Georg-August-UniversiUit, Humboldtallee 19, 37027 Gottingen, Germany.

TOTH, IMRE (1921): Professor of Philosophy, University of Regensburg, emeritus; widely known on account of his work on the history and philoso• phy of mathematics, which is still his main research interest; address - 64, rue Damremont, Paris 18e, France.

WAHSNER, RENATE (1938): Professor of the History and Philosophy of Sci• ence, East Berlin; research interests - history of science, epistemology, the philosophy of nature; address - the former Einstein Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Rosa-Luxemburg-Strasse 17a, 14482 Potsdam, Germany.

WANDSCHNEIDER, DIETER (1938): Professor of Philosophy, University of Aachen; research interests - dialectical logic, philosophy of nature, artificial 726 About the Authors intelligence, ecological ethics, objective idealism; address - Theresienstrasse 18, 52072 Aachen, Germany.

WEHRLE, WALTER E. (1946): Assistant Professor of Philosophy, George Mason University; research interests - logic and metaphysics, Classical philosophy, especially Aristotle; address - Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030-4444, U.S.A.

WEINSTOCK, ROBERT (1919): Professor of Physics, Oberlin College, emeri• tus; widely known on account of his Calculus ofVariations (1952), his general work on mechanics and physics, and his controversial approach to Newton's Principia; address - Department of Physics, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, U.S.A.

WOLF-GAZO, ERNEST (1947): Professor of Philosophy, American University, Cairo; research interests - Whitehead, the history and philosophy of science, Islamic philosophy; address - Department of Philosophy, The American Uni• versity in Cairo, 113 Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt.

ZIGGELAAR, AUGUST S.l. (1928): Associate Professor of Physics, Royal Danish School of Educational Studies, Copenhagen; author of Le physicien Ignace Gaston Pardies (1971), and of numerous articles on the history of optics; research interest - the history of physics; address - Emdrupvej 115B, 2400 Copenhagen NY, Denmark. ABBREVIATIONS

NEWTON

Newton Opticks p. 404. Opticks or A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections & Colours of Light (London, 1730; preface LB. Cohen, New York,1952). Newton Principles 1.40. Sir Isaac Newton:SO Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and his System of the World (tr. A Motte, ed. E Cajori, 2 vols. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1962). Newton Principia 11.20. Isaac Newton:SO Philosophiae naturalis prin• cipiae mathematica (ed. A Koyre & LB. Cohen, 2 vols. Cambridge, 1972). Newton Horsley III.20. Isaaci Newton opera quae existant omnia (ed. S. Horsley, 5 vols. London, 1779-1785; reprint Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, 1964). Newton MP VII.249. The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton (ed. D.T. Whiteside, 8 vols. Cambridge, 1967-1981). Newton C IIL205-214. The Correspondence of Isaac Newton (ed. H.W. Thmbull, J.E Scott, AR. Hall, 7 vols. Cambridge 1959-1977). Newton PLNP.42. Isaac Newton:SO Papers and Letters on Natu• ral Philosophy (ed. LB. Cohen, Cambridge, Mass., 1978). Newton USP.146-147 Unpublished Scientific Papers of Isaac New• ton (ed. AR. and M.B. Hall, Cambridge, 1962).

M. J. Petry (ed.), Hegel and Newtonianism, 727-730,1993. 728 Abbreviations

HEGEL

Hegel WL II.466; tr. Miller Wissenschaft der Logik (ed. G. Lasson, 2 p.808. vols., Hamburg, 1932). Science ofLogic (tr. A V. Miller, London and New York, 1969). Hegel Encyclopedia § 38 System der Philosophie. Erste Teil. Die Logik Remark; tr. Wallace p. 62. (ed. L. von Henning, Stuttgart, 1964). Hegel's Logic (tr. W. Wallace, Oxford, 1975). Hegel Encyclopedia § 270 System der Philosophie. Zweiter Teil. Die Remark; tr. Petry 1.264,26; Naturphilosophie (ed. K.L. Michelet, Stutt- tr. Miller p. 66. gart, 1964). Hegel's Philosophy of Nature (ed. & tr. M.J. Petry, 3 vols., London & New York, 1970). Hegel's Philosophy ofNature (tr. AV. Miller, Oxford, 1970). Hegel Encyclopedia § 380; System der Philosophie. Dritter Teil. Die tr. Petry 11.31,18; tr. Miller Philosophie des Geistes (ed. L. Boumann, p.7. Stuttgart, 1965). Hegel's Philosophy ofSubjective Spirit (ed. & tr. M.J. Petry, 3 vols., Dordrecht & Boston, 1979). Hegel's Philosophy of Mind (tr. W. Wallace & AV. Miller, Oxford, 1971). Hegel PhR § 280; tr. Knox Grundlinien der Philosophie des Rechts (ed. p.184. E. Gans, Stuttgart, 1968). Hegel's Philosophy of Right (ed. & tr. T.M. Knox, Oxford, 1942). Hegel LPR II1.341; Jub. Hegel's Lectures on the Philosophy of Reli• 16.529. gion (tr. E.B. Spiers & J.B. Sanderson, 3 vols., London, 1962). Vorlesungen uber die Philosophie der Reli• gion: JubiHiumsausgabe vols. 15, 16 (ed. H. Glockner, Stuttgart, 1968). Abbreviations 729

Hegel LHP Ill.322-324; Hegel's Lectures on the History ofPhilosophy Jub.19.446-449. (tr. E.S. Haldane, 3 vols. London & New York,1963). Vorlesungen Uber die Geschichte der Philoso• phie: JubiUiumsausgabe vols. 17,18,19 (ed. H. Glockner, Stuttgart, 1968). Hegel lliP.117; ed. Hoff• Hegel's Introduction to the Lectures on the meister p. 159. History of Philosophy (tr. T.M. Knox & A.v. Miller, Oxford, 1985). Hegel, Einleitung in die Geschichte der Phi• losophie (ed. J. Hoffmeister & F. Nicolin, Hamburg, 1966). Hegel TJ.15; tr. Knox p. 21. Hegels theologische Jugendschrijten (ed. H. Nohl, Tiibingen, 1907). Hegel's Early Theological Writings (tr. T.M. Knox & R Kroner, Chicago, 1948). Hegel DOP.32; tr. Adler Hegel. Dissertatio Philosophica de Orbitis p.302. Planetarum (ed. & tr. W. Neuser, Weinheim, 1986). Hegel on the Orbits of the Planets (ed. & tr. P. Adler, Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal, vol. 12, nos. 1 & 2, pp. 269-309, New School for Social Research, New York, 1987). Hegel JS I, II, III. Jenaer SystementwUrfe I (ed. K. Dusing & H. Kimmerle, Hamburg, 1986). Jenaer SystementwUrfe II (ed. R-P. Horst• mann, Hamburg, 1982). Jenaer SystementwUrfe III (ed. R-P. Horst• mann, Hamburg, 1987). Hegel PhG.92; tr. Miller Phiinomenologie des Geistes (Bamberg & p.91. Wurzburg, 1807). Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (tr. A.V. Miller, Oxford, 1977). 730 Abbreviations

Hegel Werke VIII. 97. G. w.F. Hegets Werke. Vollstiindige Aus• gabe durch einen Verein von Freunden des Verewigten. (18 vols. Berlin, 1832-1845). Hegel Jub. 9.123. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Siimtliche Werke. Jubiliiumsausgabe (ed. H. Glockner, 26 vols. Stuttgart, 1927-1940). Hegel MM 9.86. G. w.F. Hegel. Werke (ed. E. Moldenhauer & K.M. Michel, 20 vols. FrankfurtlM., 1969ff. Hegel GW 19.207. G. w.F. Hegel. Gesammelte Werke. In Verbin• dung mit der Deutschen Forschungsgemein• schaft herausgegeben (Hamburg, 1968ff.). BffiLIOGRAPHY

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absolute, mind, 125,132,134; idealism, 110 dynamics, 325; synthesis, 17, 27, 33, 36, abstraction, 304,307 109,272,466,479,660: architectonic of, acceleration, 87, 212, 231, 239, 335, 393, 485: of categories, 488: Newtonian, 174, 409,415 496 Accum, F., 695 analytical function, 325 Achilles, ,190, 191 anamnesis, 197 acid, 640, 659: and alkali, 615; base, 640; Anglicanism, 127, 128, 131, 132, 135, 348, metal, 623; process, 616: Newton, 649: 351,361,455,466 acidification, 616 animal, 652; 654, 661; animistic explana- action at a distance, 348, 350, 364, 366, 605, tion,619 620 Anjema, H.D., 676 active principle, 652 Anne, Queen, 438 actual infinite, 321 anthropology, 567 Adams, G., 360 anti-matter, 230 Adelard of Bath, 292, 298 antinomy, 45, 50 Aesop, 180 antimony, 653 aesthetics, 55, 384 antipathy, 619, 620 affinity, 627; chemical, 604, 619, 625; antipodes, 293 elective, 615, 632, 634; table, 624, 628 aphelion, 391,453 agnosticism, 346 Apollonius ofPerga, 320, 440 Agricola, R, 35 apple, Newton's, 429, 434, 489 air, 603, 605, 619, 645; resistance, 298 applied mathematics, 201 Airy, G.B., 312 Arago, F. 529 alchemy, 57, 285, 620, 650: and force, 653; archetypal phenomenon, 554, 558 Hegel, 607: Newton's, 595, 597, 653 Archimedes, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 147, Alembert, lL.R. d', 78, 162, 163, 164, 203, 149, 154, 158, 159, 160, 164, 320, 481, 206, 289, 326, 345, 357, 392, 393, 394, 670: and exhaustion, 170; Kepler, 480: 401 on the sphere and cylinder, 152 algebra, 19,23,442,457,600: and calculus, architectonic, of analysis and synthesis, 485 203, 323; geometry, 13: Cartesian, 460: area, and ellipse, 450; law, 454 . algebraic deduction of inverse-square Arianism, 718 law, 503 Aristaeus the Elder, 440 alkali, and acid, 615 Aristotle, xii, 17,26,33,184,189,219,221, alloy, 636 224, 286, 476, 568, 619: and Galilei, Alps, Swiss, 584 329; Newton, 488: Kepler on, 443; logic, amalgam, 616, 636 149; Metaphysics, 458: on categories, Amsterdam, 711 302,443; colour, 547; element of earth, analogy, 369, 621, 647 367; equalisation, 194; matter, 645; analysis, 17, 216, 323, 440, 441: and motion, 317, 318; occult qualities, 621;

767 768 Index

quantity, 210, 444; Physics, 21, 687, 690; Baume, A, 629 Posterior Analytics, 20, 34, 327; Prior Baxter, A, 348 Analytics, 20; Pseudo-Aristotle, 188; becoming, sea of, 442 refutation of, 304 Beer, W., 695 Aristotelian analysis, 20; concept of behaviourism, 117 mathematics, 464; cosmology, 294; being, and non-being, 199 middle, 470; motion, 180; physics, 292; bell,293 science, 216; tradition, 317 Benedetti, G.B., 230, 238 Aristotelianism, 35, 400, 599 benevolence, 55 arithmetic, 216; and geometry, 490 Bentley, R., 127, 129, 130,285,348,650 armilla, 448 Benzenberg, J.F., 270 Armstrong, D.M., 117 Berger, lE. von, 691 artificial intelligence, 122 Bergman, T.O., 628, 629, 630, 631, 633, artist, 580 636, 657: and Newton, 628; Schelling, ascension, right, 448 637: Hegel on, 637, 638 assimilation, 661, 662 Berkeley, G., xiii, 162, 163, 164, 361: Ast, F., 673 criticism of calculus, 145, 146, 176: astrology, 653 idealism, 51 astronomy and chemistry, 655; hypotheses, Berlin, 345, 399: Academy, 359, 691; 479; mathematics, 490: Hegel on, 476: Germanist Society, 695; Observatory, practical, 449, 454 695 atheism, 605, 651 Bernhardy, G., 640 atmosphere, 584 Bernoulli, D., 326, 393 atom, 362, 600, 603, 642; poles of, 641: Bernoulli, Johann, 431 atomic theory, 599, 605, 607, 609; Berry, M., 271 weight, 617: atomism, 247, 573, 595, Berthollet, C.L. de, 604, 607, 608, 630, 631, 608, 620; Newtonian, 604 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 641, 643, attraction, 283, 455, 504, 621, 628; and 657,705 gravity, 371; mass, 503; matter, 363; Berzelius, ll, 640, 641, 657, 705 repulsion, 66, 334, 375, 601, 623: Bessel, F.W., 208, 303 attractive force, 366, 370 Bevis, J., 351 Australia, 237 Bible, 343, 352 axial pole, 257 biology, 384, 566, 658, 661: and Car• axiom, 155,217,368 tesianism, 658; chemistry, 617, 661, 663, 665 Baader, F.x. von, 696 Biot, lB., 313, 314 Bacon, F., xiv, 58, 59, 127, 448: and Bischof, C.G.C., 706 Newton, 496 black,584 Baconianism, 203, 412, 457, 465, 715 Blake, W., xiii Baer, N., 445, 446, 447 BlOde,K.A,705 Bakerian lectures, 527 blood, 652, 654 ballistics, 354 Bloom, L., 194 balloon, air, 282 blue, 565, 580, 581 Bardili, C.G., 150, 152 Blumenbach, IF., 658 Barrow, I., 480 Boas, M., 596 Bartholdy, G.w., 636 Bode, J.E., 476, 694 base and acid, 640 body, 614: and light, 520; soul, 576: living, battering-ram, 292 660: Newton's conception of, 387 Bauer, B., 133 Boehme, J., 57, 58, 59, 696 Index 769

Bok, A.F., 686 calculation, 347 Boerhaave, H., 132 calculus, 19: and algebra, 203, 323; circle, Bohnenberger, J.G.F., 676 492; exhaustion, 139; kinematics, 169; Bolland, G.J.P.I., 579 limits, 483; motion, 167, 509; physics, Bologna, 270 477; space and time, 483: foundations, Bolzano, B., xii 141, 167, 476: Hegel on, 400, 483, 487: Bonnet, C., 654, 658 history, 144: infinitesimal, 73, 75, 76, Bonsiepen, W., 721 324,327 book of nature, 224, 655 calcite, 523, 524, 528 Borelli, G.A., 470, 480 Calvinism, 108, 354 Borzeszkowski, H.-H. von, 721 Camborne, Cornwall, 312 Bosanquet, B., 108 Cambridge, 127, 279, 429, 711; Platonists, Boscovich, R.I., 51, 52, 359, 362, 363, 395, 380; University Library, 416 396,604,605,607: and Kant, 364 Campe, J.H., 695 botany, 662 Camerarius, J., 672 Bouguer, P., 312 Campanus, J., 480 Boulliau, I., 454, 500 candlelight, 586, 589 Boyle, R., 127, 276, 349, 434, 572, 573, cannon-balls, 273 605, 620, 645: and alchemy, 598; Cantor, G., xii, 76, 182, 196, 199,218, 219, Newton, 600, 623: on clockwork, 646; 267 hierarchy, 599; colour, 548: lectures, capillarity, 622 131: Newton on, 277 Cardan, G., 678 brachistochrone, 294, 295 Carlini, F., 312 Brackenridge, IB., 721 Carnap, R., 332 Brahe, T., 280, 448, 449, 476, 500: and Carnot, L.N.M., 204, 207, 673, 681 Kepler, 446 Carre, L., 674 Brera Observatory, Milan, 312 Cartesianism, 278, 286, 353, 715: and the Brewer, J.P., 688 inverse-square law, 368; pendulum, 272: Brewster, D., xii, 595, 698 Cartesian, biology, 658; confusions, 504; brightness, 587 co-ordinates, 407; dynamics, 422; Bristol, 271 materialism, 652; physics, 344; vortex, Bronger, P.P.A., 693, 700, 721 330,469 Brougham, H., 527, 528 cartography, 205 Brouwer, L.E.I, 216 Cartwright, N., 542 Buchdahl, G., 721 Casaubon, I., 687 Biirgi, J., 306 Cassel Observatory, 306 Biittner, S., 722 Cassini, J.-D., 522 Buffon,G.L.L.de,604,627,628,658 category, 302, 333; analysis of, 488: and Buhle, J.G., 688 phenomena, 373: barbarous, 541; Buquoy, G.F.A. de L., 688 metaphysical, 85; mistake, 402, 480; of Burbidge, J.W., 721 science, 372; system of categories, 103, Burdach, KF., 658 401 Buridan, J., 292, 293 Cauchy, A.L., xii, 76, 147, 164, 170, 172, Burke, E., 55 401,484 Burton, R., 448 cause, 10, 288 Buzengeiger, KH.I., 477, 681 Cavendish, H., 312 Byron, Lord, 190 celestial, motion, 448; physics, 450; spheres, 412 Cairo, 635 Cenis, Mount, 312 770 Index centre, of gravity, 234; motion, 385 413,436,625,626 centrifugal force, 55, 371, 385, 386, 391, cohesion, 54; line of, 306 434,491: and centripetal force, 385, 390, Colden, c., 349, 350, 351 403, 488, 493; inertial force, 406; mass, Collins, A, 361 255; quantification, 391; tangential Collins, J., 457 component, 474; tangential force, 387; collision, 233 tangential motion, 392; vortex, 521 Cologne, 674 centripetal force, 352, 353, 369, 385, 386, colour, 531: and chemism, 561; force, 402; 402,409,463,467: and centrifugal force, grey, 565; physiology, 575; refraction, 235, 390, 403, 488, 491, 492, 493: 549, 552, 574; sense-perception, 572; Newtonian, 323 shade, 588; shadow, 548, 553, 591; Ceres, 510 sound, 574; wave-frequency, 526: CERN,237 compound, 574; complementary, 590; Chiitellet, G. du, 390 defined, 563; dioptical, 589; modification chemism, 510, 610, 611: and colour, 561; theory, 547; physiological, 566: theory, logic, 612 Goethe's, 557, 561; Hegel's, 557,583 chemistry, 308, 384: and astronomy, 655; combination, chemical, 615, 619, 634 biology, 617, 665; geology, 662; life, combinatorics, 208 660; logic, 609, 611; mathematics, 603, comet, 329, 524, 647 604, 661; meteorology, 606, 607, 612; Commandino, F., 441, 480 organism, 657, 659: dynamical, 632; Commercium Epistolicum, 173, 176 inorganic, 660; Fichte on, 708; Hegel on, common-sense philosophy, 353 606; Kant on, 708; of forces, 634: compass, magnetic, 300 chemical, affinity, 604, 619, 625, 631, complementary colour, 590 641; combination, 615, 619; compound, compound, chemical, 657 657; element, 607; force, 622; process, Condarnine, C.-M. de la, 302 604,613, 636, 659,661; reaction, 629 Condillac, B.B. de, 29, 30 Chimborazo, Mount, 312 conformity, and nature, 645, 647, 654 Christ, divinity of, 362, 719 conic, 323,422,429; cubature, 186; motion, Christianson, G.E., xii 427, 506; section, 411, 464, and Christmann, W.L., 477, 678 centripetal force, 464; theory of, 320 chromatic spectrum, 590 consciousness, 117; and laws, 495; circle, 492; area of, 480: and ellipse, 453, discipline of, 442 512; polygon, 139: construction of, 482; conservation, of energy, 261, 320; force, 389 osculating, 422: circular, motion, 252, contingency and logic, 96 391 continuity, 372; of nature, 616 cither, 293 Copernicus, N., 104, 288; and Ptolemy, 446; Clairaut, AC., 177,311,477,678 on gravity, 367: Copernican hypothesis, Clarke, AC., 676 430,446,470: Copernicanisrn, 269, 294 Clarke, E., 462 Copley medal, 303 Clarke, S., 125, 127, 131, 348, 572; and copper, 622, 624,651 Leibniz, 125,652 Coriolis, G.G. de, 204; force, 386 classical mechanics, 229, 243 corpuscle, 531, 599, 602, 650; corpuscular classification, 329, 617, 627, 657 theory, 570, 620 Clavius, C., 480 Corti, A, 654 clock, 271, 645; magnetic, 308; clockwork, cosmogony, 372 646 cosmology, 622 coevality, 194 Coste, P., 716 Cohen, I.B., xii, 125, 281, 283, 287, 367, Cotes, R., 322, 521 Index 771

C.oul.omb, c.A., 205 dialectic, 31, 34, 36, 247, 337, 661: and c.ounting, 150 f.orce, 56; mathematics, 222; Zen.o's C.ousin, V., 695, 697 arguments, 179: .of nature, 53; Hegelian, creati.on, 328, 380, 443 131: dialectical, c.ontradicti.on, 184; critics, .of Hegel, 400 l.ogic, 165; meth.od, 41,43 Crusius, S.L., 693 dich.ot.omy, 179, 183,185,321,489 crystal, 402, 523 diffracti.on,517,522,531,536,541,546 cubature, 186,460,481 Digby, K., 276, 598 curve,296,385,423,461,462,480,509 digesti.on, 662 cycl.oid, 282, 305,471 Dijksterhuis, E.J., xiii, 475 Dilling, C.A.A., 671 Dalt.on, J., 599, 605, 608, 609, 610, 617, Dilw.orth, C., 210, 218 657,706 dimming, 585 darkness and light, 564, 584 Di.ophantus .of Alexandria, 671, 678 Davy, H., 608, 655, 657 di.optrical c.ol.ours, 589 Darwin, C., 105, 129 dipping needle, 308 Darwin, E., 700 direct Kepler pr.oblem, 415 daylight, 580 Dirksen, E.H., 485, 675, 682 death, 660, 661 discipline .of c.onsci.ousness, 442 declinati.on, 448 disease, 448, 510, 661, 662, 663 Dedekind, R., 76,197 divisibility .of matter, 263 deducti.on,34,211,328,472,495,503 D.obbs, BJ.T., xii, 277, 596, 597, 598, 653 Dee, J., 441, 442, 443, 444 D.olc.oath mine, 312 De Gandt, F., 400, 403 D.orling, J., 3, 4, 5 deism, 361 d.ouble-refracti.on, 519, 523, 526, 528, 531, Delambre, J.B.J., 694 546 Deluc, J.-A., 358, 359 D.ove, H.W., 687 Dem.ocritus, 53, 186, 199, 262 D.oz, A., 403 De M.organ, A., 175 Drees, M., 722 density .of Earth, 312 dualism, 55 Derham, W., 348 Dubarle, D., 400 Descartes, R., 27, 33, 38, 119, 126, 127, Diihring, E.C., 736 128, 133, 141,224,276,278,294,317, Diisse1d.orf, 688 328, 385, 453, 521, 525, 573, 674, 695, du.odecimal system, 690 697: and calculus, 144; G.od, 456; Duperney, L.-I., 313 Huygens, 491; Newt.on, 576, 600: Dupuis, C.F., 695 Dioptrics, 518; dynamics, 400; Dutch g.overnment, 268 explanati.ons, 651; Geometry, 457; dyad, 194 mechanistic phil.os.ophy, 520; Newt.on's dynamics, 422; and analysis, 325; axi.om .of, view .of, 651: .on, analysis, 28; cl.ock• 319; Cartesian, 329; Galilean, 318, 330; w.ork, 646; c.ol.our, 548, 549, 554; Newt.onian, 400; rati.o, 421; science .of, c.orpuscles, 599; extensi.on, 222; f.orce, 317: dynamical chemistry, 632 383, 393; God,380; inertia, 417; dynamism, 363 mathematics and physics, 272; matter, 356,620,645; sine law, 517: Principles, earth, 603, 605, 619, 645 272, 275, 518; refutati.on .of, 304; Rules, Earth, 204: and magnetism, 313, 355; Sun, 34; v.ortex the.ory, 330, 470, 517, 527 472,648: density .of, 312; -M.o.on t~st, 11, determinism, 116 12, 300, 373, 507; .our h.ome, 104; Deventer,672 r.otati.on .of, 311; shape .of, 205, 206, 298, 772 Index

311,345,353,390 epigenesis, 658 earthquake, 271 epistemology, 82,131,215,361,362 eccentricity of orbit, 449 equator, 311, 406 Eckermann, J.P., 561 equilibrium, 204, 391, 394, 521, 633, 689 eclipse, 449 equivalence, 241, 243 Edinburgh, Royal Society of, 499 Erasmus, D., 687 effect, and cause, 10 Erman, G.A., 687, 707 effluvia, 524 Erxleben, J.C.P., 345, 633 ego, 34, 104, 133, 196 Eschenbach, e.G., 707 Egyptians, 693 Eschenmayer, A.C.A., 150, 152 Eindhoven, 268 Espagnet, J. d', 598 Einstein, A., 229, 235, 366 ether, 54, 279, 280, 304,347,521,601,607, elasticity, 205, 351, 353, 356 645: and gravitation, 352; light, 520, elective affinity, 609, 615, 632, 634, 637 521, 526; spirit, 603; waves, 529: Euler electricity, 54, 285, 374, 396, 510, 603, 606, on, 525, luminiferous, 366; Maxwell's, 621,622,623,641,648,649,657,664 543; nervous, 353; theory, 602, 603 electro-dynamics, 78 ethics, 384 electro-magnetism, 260, 366 Euclid of Alexandria, 13, 38, 149, 153, 154, electron, 237 157, 158, 219, 440, 444, 452, 457, 460, element, 105,292,352,605,619,645,657; 461, 672, 676: and Huygens, 296; and geometry, 440; chemical, 607; Pfleiderer, 480; phenomenology, 473; transmutation of, 599, 607, 608 Proclus, 327; syllogism, 480: editions of, ellipse, 305, 411, 430, 461, 470, 472, 509: 479; Elements, 34, 152, 156, 441, 443, and area, 450; circle, 453, 512; inverse• 445, 479, 481, 485; manner, 172; square law, 475: centre of, 422; parallel-postulate, 155; Platonic interpre• Newton's exposition of, 464 tation of, 439; proof, 11; regular solids, ellipsing, 268 478; synthetic method, 153 elliptical, motion, 488, 505, 506, 507; orbits, Euclid of Megara, 440, 415,416 Eudoxus, 139, 140, 147, 158 emission, absorption model, 260 Euler, L., xii, 146, 162, 164,203,313,317, empiricism, 33, 42, 70, 85, 86, 89, 90, 121, 325, 329, 330, 351, 354, 356, 392, 393, 298, 534, 559, 561, 562, 567: empirical, 526, 527, 678, 682, 683, 684, 689: and astronomy, 112; chemistry, 640; basis of Taylor, 481; on analytical mechanics, natural science, 84; enquiry, 489; 323; colour, 555; elasticity, 205; ether, knowledge, 61, 465; phenomena, 542 525; light-waves, 531; matter, 356; Empedocles,619 motion, 395: mechanics, 328 empyrean, 598 evolution, 105, 663 Encke, J.F., 208,694 exhalation, 648 encyclopedia, 214, 606 exhaustion, 139, 159, 170,462,480 energy, 206, 207, 259, 261, 320, 395 experience, 97,216,504,560 Engelhardt, D. von, 722 experiment, 230, 237, 239, 598, -626: Engfer, H.-J., 28, 31, 32 experimental, Newtonianism, 603; engineering, and mechanics, 204, 205 philosophy, 501, 646; physics, 269; England, 383, 455; the English, 122, 304, principle, 213; proof, 18; verification, 558 329: experimentation, 209, 329, 465, entropy, 396 466,532,621 Eotvos, R. von, 229, 236 extension, 222, 378 Epicurus,372 externality, 82 epicycloid, 282, 305 eye, 576 Index 773

Falck, G., 693 concept of, 383; conservation of, 389; Falkenburg, B., 577, 722 Coriolis, 204, 386; equilibrium of, 521; fall, 233, 317, 335, 370; free, 211, 217, 225; expansive, 604; impressed, 387, 393; Galilei on, 331; Hegel on, 331; law of, innate, 371, 388; Lagrange on, 395; 79,336 living, 388, 389, 393; Newtonian, 600, fallacy, Newton's, 432 620; nexus of, 600; of inertia, 405; of Faraday, M., 365, 366, 648 particles, 621; organic, 658; prolifera• Farrar, l, 682 tion, 493; quantification, 408; repulsive, Fatio de Duillier, N., 357 372; short-range, 635; vegetative, 54 Feder, lG.H., 29 form, and matter, 305 Feigl, H., 117 Fossombroni, V., 688 Fermat, P., 141, 144 Foster, H., 313 fermentation, 599, 621, 647, 652 Foucault, lB.L., 268, 269, 271, 311, 386 fermion, 259 Fourcroy, A.F. de, 633,707 Feuerbach, L., 129, 133 Fourier, l, 688 Fevre, N. de, 598 Fraassen, B.C. van, 542 Feyerabend, P.K., 116 France, 383, 389; French, mathematics, 347; Fichte, J.G., 29, 30, 45, 133, 659; on revolution, 126 chemistry, 708 Francoeur, L.B., 371,475,689 field, 231, 235 Franeker,676,689 Figala, K., xii Franke, H., 702 Finaeus, 0.,480 Franklin, B., 396 Findlay, IN., 264 Frederick the Great, 345, 355 fire, 605, 619, 645 free, fall, 225; motion, 376 Fischbach, E., 229, 236, 237 freedom, 117,123, 185,200 Fischer, E.G., 636, 639, 640, 643, 683 freethinkers, 355 Fischer, N.W., 706 Freind, J., 601 fixed star, 294 Fresnel, A.-l,366, 528, 531, 542 flame, 589 friction, 205, 298, 307, 308 Flamsteed, l, 471, 694 friendship, 612 Flatt, IF., 28 frog, 647 Fleischhacker, L.E., 722 Fromherz, C., 701 Fludd, R., 444 Frost, P., 424 fluent, 144, 168, 173 functionalism, 117 fluid, 326, 385, 622; elastic, 351, 353; imponderable, 603; mechanics, 518 Galen, C., 38 fluxion, 144, 168, 173, 175, 177, 509; Galilei, G., 77, 79, 224, 230, 238, 239, 245, Maclaurin on, 392 246,269,270,277,308,415,417,496, Fodor, lA., 118 573, 654: and, Aristotle, 329; Huygens, force, 234, 236, 237, 323, 365, 371, 401, 273, 294; Platonism, 328; the Moon, 654; accelerative, 393: and, alchemy, 645; pendulum, 280; pendulum clock, 653; chemistry, 634; dialectic, 56; 274: dynamics, 318, 330, 422: on, geometry, 491; idea, 395; impulse, 384; acceleration, 419; deduction, 328; fall, mass, 245, 412; mathematics, 392; 105, 317, 322, 336, 358; infinite, 327; matter, 413, 604, 605; motion, 297; projectiles, 329; thought experiments, Newtonian chemistry, 619; phenomena, 210 647; plants, 414: centrifugal, 55, 235, galvanism, 617, 641, 702,704 371,385,386,391,434,488; centripetal, Gargano, A., xiv 235, 352, 353, 369, 385, 467, 488; Garnison, J.W., 722 774 Index

Garve, C., 29 Gattling, J.F.A., 631, 632, 635 gas, kinetical theory of, 366; lighting, 695 Gower, B., 722 Gassendi, P., 276, 284, 573, 620; and Graham, G., 310 Newton, 600; on corpuscles, 599 graph, 141, 142,318 Gauss, KF., 208, 313, 510, 511, 512, 676, Grashof, KF.A., 674 678 Grattan-Guinness, I., 723 Gehler, J.S.T., 360, 390, 704, 706 Gravesande, W.J. 's, 132,344,716 generation, 200, 645, 661 gravitation, 336, 415, 452, 621: and, ether, Geneva, 311 352; force, 235; God, 345, 347, 381; geocentric theory, 445 gravity, 252; Kepler's laws, 87, 502; geodesy, 291, 311 magnetism, 355; mass, 246, matter, 229, Geoffroy, E.F., the elder, 633 246, 360, 378: eighteenth century Geoffroy, E.F., the younger, 624, 625, 627, conceptions of, 343; field-concept of, 629,630; on Newton, 626 366; Hegel on, 365, 368; Newton on, geology, and chemistry, 662 495,502; variability of, 410 geomagnetism, 313, 314 gravitational, field, 236, 243, 322; mass, geometry, 23; analytic, 19: and, algebra, 13; 229,231 arithmetic, 490; elements, 440; force, gravity, 54, 68, 212, 285, 365, 410, 489, 491; God, 442; mechanics, 294, 459; 623: and, attraction, 371; God, 354; motion, 297, 305; physical reality, 492; gravitation, 252; magnetism, 309 syllogism, 480: non-Euclidean 478; Greek mathematics, 327,670 plane and solid, 442: geometrical, Green, R., 51, 52, 361, 604, 605, 607 progression, 640; proof, 444, 481; Greenland,237 proportions, 653; synthesis, 22 Gregory, D., 474, 649, 672 Germany, 383; German idealism, 209, 214; grey, 564, 565 mathematics, 208 Grimm, J., 695 Gies, M., 583 Grimaldi, F.-M., 517, 519, 522, 523 Gilbert, W., 308, 309, 313, 450, 501 Griison, J.P., 684, 685 Giza, pyramid, 299 Grynaeus, S., 690 Gjertsen, D., 722 Guglielmini, G.B., 270 Glaucon, 190 Guicciardini, N., 723 Glockner, H., 711, 717 Guyton de Morveu, L.B. de, 604, 607, 639 Gmelin, L., 642, 643 gyration, 250, 255 God, 120, 127, 128, 129,288,350,444,488, 579, 652, 718: and, creation, 620; Haarlem, 711 geometry, 442; gravitation, 345, 347, Hall, A.R., xii, 596, 597 381; gravity, 354; mathematics, 443; Hall, F., 308 matter, 599; mechanics, 207; nature, 651; Haller, A. von, 658 world, 328, 621: Descartes on, 380, 456; Halley, E., 279, 429, 430, 436, 463, 520 existence of, 106; hand of, 650; Hamburg, 270 omnipotence, 346; powers of, 360; Hamilton Jacobi method, 270 transcendence, 352 Hamilton, W.R., 393 Gadel, K, 217, 218 Hammer, J.W., 179 Goethe, J.W. von, 659, 699: and, Hegel, Hankins, T.L., 206 531, 557, 560, 567, 585; Newton, 690; Hannay, J., 271 Schultz, 700: on, colour, 542, 554,. 556, Hansteen, c., 313 557,561,582,586,591; light, 541, 550; harmony, and instinct, 448; planetary, 453; physiological colours, 589; science, 559 political, 448, 455: harmonic, motion, Gattingen Observatory, 676 293; proportion, 452, 470 Index 775

Harris, J., 174, 175, 521 mathematics, 154, 483, 490; mechanistic Hartley, D., 54, 353 ontology, 543; method, 34; Newton, 81, Hauber, K.F., 477, 671 163, 481, 487, 489, 492; organic life, Hauff, J.K.F., 155,682,692 224; parallels, 155; pendulum, 291, 310; healing, 663 Pythagoras' theorem, 482; religion, 580, health, 663 581; Richter, 639; shadows, 579; heart, 652 theoretical entities, 542: Phenomenology, heat, 54, 525, 603, 606, 621, 629, 657 31,35,44,132,161,219,224,495,566; Heath, R., 474 Philosophy of Right, 495; Physics, 532, heavenly bodies, 645 545; schooling, 27, 476, 477, 478, 479; Hector, 192 Trinitarianism, 719; Tiibingen fragment, Hegel Archive, Bochum, 111 29 Hegel, Christiana, 476 Hegel, Immanuel, 669 Hegel, G.W.F., algebraic deduction of Hegel, Karl, 669 inverse square law, 503; analysis and Hegelianism, and physics, 532 synthesis, 27: and, alchemy, 607; Heidegger, M., 116 Aristotle, 24; Berthollet, 631; Boehme, Heimann, P.M., 361 58; calculus, 146; empiricism, 535; Heisenberg, W., 259, 289, 567 experimentation, 209; Goethe, 521, 557, heliocentric theory, 445 560, 567, 579, 585; Kant, 63, 70; Helmholtz, H. von, 396, 399,400, 577 Lagrange, 487; Leibniz, 379; Newton, Hempel, c., 117 331; romantic science, 664; Schelling, Hemsterhuis, F., 55 209, 562, 631; Seebeck, 563; Spinoza, Henning, L. von, 579 34; Stahl, 608: Anthropology, 580: at, Henrion, D., 480 Jena, 629, 631; Tiibingen, 477, 479: Herder, J.G. von, 54, 55 Berlin Phenomenology, 494, 495; books Herigonus, P., 480 on chemistry, 633; critics of, 400; Herival, J., 418 critique of Newton, 120; crucial mistake, Hermann, J., 324 88; diary, 478; Dissertation, 28, 30, 219, Herschel, F.W., 693 254, 304, 370, 371, 392, 399, 439, 489, Herter, F., 687, 707 631; Encyclopedia, 31, 377, 558, 563, Hertz, H.R., 210, 366,379,401,542 615; Geometrical Studies, 481, 482; hierarchy, 534, 535, 545, 598, 599 History of Philosophy, 81; Jena courses, Higgins, W., 706 30, 484, 638, 643; library, 475; Logic, Hildebrandt, G.F., 642, 706 37, 375, 401, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488; Hindenburg, C.F., 684 mechanics, 373, 379; Newton editions, Hintikka, J., 18, 19,21 711: on, Aristotle, 568; astronomy, 476; Hipparchus, 694 Bergman, 637, 638; Berzelius, 641; blue, Hippasus, 442 579; calculus, 400, 483, 487; chemistry, Hippocrates, 619 606, 608, 631, 635, 640, 642, 657, 659; Hirsch, M., 679 colour, 556, 583; curvature, 423; elective Hobbes, T., 127,272 affinity, 637; elliptical motion, 506, 507; HOlderlin, F., 30 empirical enquiry, 489; Euclid, 153, 156; Hoffmann, F., 697 fall, 331, 334, 337; force, 235, 392, 399, holism, 115 401,406,491; geometry, 482; Goethe's Holland, Newtonianism in, 344, 715 colour-theory, 557, 566; gravitation, 365, Homer, 194 367, 368; Greek geometry, 149; Kepler, Hooke, R., 19,271,284,385,437,463,470, 499; Kepler's laws, 309,439, 497; light, 527; and Newton, 269, 407, 435, 436, 531, 537, 539; logic, 591; mass, 249; 520: on colour, 548, 549; wave-theory, 776 Index

518 inertia, 233, 292, 307, 333, 335, 368, 387, Hopf, P.H., 477 394, 401: and centrifugal force, 406; Horkheimer, M., 332 mass, 229, 243, 244, 412; matter, 369; Horrocks, J., 306, 471 motion, 605; substance, 52; weight, 230: Humboldt, F.W.H.A. von, 313, 659 Descartes on, 417; force of, 405; law of, Hume, D., xiii, 42, 353, 361 321,507; Newton on, 330 Hutcheson, P., 55 infinite, actual, 321, 327; mathematical, 215, Hutchinson, J., 288, 351, 352, 360, 605 486; potential, 321, 327: smallness, 402 Hutton, J., 361, 605, 606, 608 infinitesimal, calculus, 75, 76, 324, 327: Huxley, Lady, xiv existence of, 477; heuristic use of, 161; Huygens, c., 284, 301, 322, 385,416, 521, method, 158; Newton on, 171 526, 527, 528, 715: and Descartes, 491; infinitude, 151,328,482,505 Euclid, 296: on circular motion, 415; inflexion, 522 gravity, 285; pendulum clock, 274, 279, innate, force, 371, 388, 413 294, 295, 460, 461; reflection, 522: inorganic, being, 106, chemistry, 660 phenomenological approach, 281; Trea• instinct, 448, 650 tise on Light, 519, 524; wave theory, 519 instrumentalism, 354, 445 hydrate, 615 integration, 169 hydraulics, 205; hydraulic ram, 691 1nternationale Hegel-Vereinigung, xi hydrochloric acid, 640 inter-subjectivity, 133 hydrodynamics, 205, 385 intuition, 560 hydrogen, 660 inverse cubed distance law, 309, 391 hydrostatics, 205, 351 inverse Kepler problem, 415 hyperbola, and force, 385 inverse square law, 6, 10, 11,367, 370, 464, hypocycloid, 282, 305 468, 635, 654; algebraic deduction of, hypothesis, 7, 10, 217, 285, 473, 479, 498, 503: and ellipse, 475; Kepler, 469; orbits, 524, 642, 645, 646: and experimentation, 430 466; Newton, 646: Copernican, 430, 446; iron filings, 648 feigning of, 287; scientific, 445; irrational numbers, 442, 444 vicarious, 449 irritability, 658, 660 isochrony, 293, 295 Iamblichus, 672, 673 Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Filosofici, xi, Iceland spar, 519, 523, 528 xiv idea, absolute, 93, 95, 110: and force, 395; otherness, 82, 95 Jacobi, K.GJ., 393 idealization, 270 James, I., 455, 465 ignorance, 447 Jena, Hegel at, 631 Ihmig, K.-N., 723 Jones, W., 174, 175, 605, 606 Illetterati, L., 723 Joyce, J., 194 impact, 207, 233, 335, 362 Jupiter, 11, 12, 379, 380, 471, 472, 494, impenetrability, 251, 361 508; satellites, 305, 373 impetus, 293, 387 imponderable substances, 657 Kastner, A.G., 28, 29, 30, 208, 351, 359, impressed force, 387, 393 47~478,479,481,693 impulse, 384, 403, 456, 504 Kamerlingh Onnes, H., 270, 271 incommensurability, 186, 189, 442, 444, Kant, I., xii, xiii, 15, 27, 45, 52, 63, 65, 82, 481 89, 261, 643, 659, 687: and, Boscovich, indifference, 221 364; categories, 473; dynamism, 363; induction, 3,4,6,14,17,21,73,232,465 Hegel, 63, 70; phenomenology, 473; Index 777

Richter, 604: Critique of Pure Reason, Klaproth, M.H., 636, 707 28, 210; dynamical theory of matter, 360; Klugel, S., 208 Metaphysical Foundations, 49, 53, 64, Kluit, P.M., 723 411: on, axioms, 156; categories, 302; Knight, G., 604, 605, 607 chemistry, 708; counting, 150; force, knowledge, scientific, 215 383; logic, 149; mass, 250; mathematics, Koenig, S., 480, 689 154, 155; matter, 234, 364, 365, 485, Koyre, A, 287 642; metaphysics, 558; substance, 378: Krafft, G.W., 477, 699 return to, 399; second antinomy, 23; Kuhn, T.S., 62, 69, 71,116,126,532 transcendentalism, 133; Universal Natu• ral History, 52, 54, 372 Labey, lB., 682 Kantian dichotomy, 489; Kantianism, 41 labyrinth, 654 Karsten, C.J.B., 642, 699 LaCaille, N.L. de, 689 Karsten, H.G., 699 Lacroix, S.P., 164,684 Kater, H., 303 Lagrange, J.L., xii, 63, 70, 78, 158, 159, Keill, l, 474 160, 161, 162, 164, 165, 177,203,208, Kepler, l, 15, 77, 88, 160, 439, 469, 670: 211, 223, 326, 329, 330, 357, 392, 393, and, Archimedes, 480; Brahe, 446; 401, 678, 679, 685, 686; analytical Copernicus, 430; Gilbert, 313; inverse functions, 218, 325,407; Hegel on, 488; square law, 469; Newton, 75, 78, 489, mechanics, 207, 328: on force, 395; 493, 499; phenomenology, 473; Ramus, perturbation, 509 480, 498: astronomy, 73; epistemology, Lakatos, I., 62, 68, 216 445; guess, 472: laws, 8, 9, 68, 86, 87, Lalande, J.J. de, 694 105, 110, 254, 272, 279, 280, 304, 368, Lamarck, lB.P.A. de, 658 370, 411, 439, 448, 484, 496, 542, 704; Lambert, lH., 358 area law, 12,402,405, 417,454,461; Laplace, P.S. de, 63, 208, 345, 371, 401, third law, 358, 452, 454, 463, 468, 494, 531, 688, 692; and Newton, 655: on 501; and abstraction, 512; gravitation, Kepler, 500; light, 542, perturbation, 502; magnetism, 510; mathematics, 482, 509; refraction, 529 505; Newton's theory, 378; deduction of, Lapland,312 495; Gauss on, 511; Hegel on, 309; Laugwitz, D., 162 inaccuracy of, 694; proof of, 512, 513: Lavoisier, A-L., 654, 657, 705 mathematics, 442; New Astronomy, 450: law, and, consciousness, 495; musical on Aristotle, 443; Copernicus, 470; God, harmony, 499: Keplerian, 254, 411; 488; gravitation, 499; gravity, 367; mathematical, 213, 217, 368; objectivity magnetism, 308, 473; mathematics, 451; of, 496: of fall, 336, 339; motion, 322; perturbation, 509; quantification, 445; nature, 232: proof of, 496; quantitative, stereometry, 481: problem, 415; 210; stoichiometric, 640 stereometry, 480; The Harmony, 444; Leadbetter, C., 474 views of, 475; war on Mars, 447, 498 leaden ball, 307, 308 Keynes, J.M., 596 least action, 223, 392 Kie1,691 Leeuwenhoek, A van, 285 Kielmeyer, c.P., 658 Leibniz, G.W. von, 162,284,286,344,385, Kies, J., 477 389: and, calculus, 144, 145, 174; Kinckhuysen, G., 457 Clarke, 328, 572, 651; Hegel, 379; kinematics, and the calculus, 169; Maupertuis, 392, 689; Newton, 172, 384, mechanics, 379 646, 685: combinatorics, 27; dynamics, Kircher, A, 308, 591 400; law of continuity, 362: on, force, Kirchhoff, G.R., 379, 401, 542 383, 388, 393; Kepler, 453; Pantokrator, 778 Index

131; vortices, 470: sufficient reason, 330; Lucretius, 53, 413 -Wolff school, 533 Lull, R., 27 Leiden, University of, 132 luminosity, 521; of ether, 366; matter, 538 length, 296 lunar motion, 299, 499 Leodamas, 440 Lunteren, F. van, 723 Le Sage, G.-L., 354, 357, 359, 362, 365, 675 lye, 659 Lettington, M., 103 Leusden, xi Macclesfield Collection, 416 lever, 309 Mach, E., xiii, 63,125,126,379,401,542 L'Hospital, G.FA de, 146, 162, 174, 674, Maclaurin, c., 30, 174,176, 177,348,369, 684 391,392,401,475,692 L'Huillier, SAl, 164,358,675 Macquer, PJ., 604, 627 Lichtenberg, G.c., 360, 633 Mlidler, J.H. von, 695 life, and chemistry, 660, 661; sciences, 658 Maestlin, M., 444 light, 54, 374, 563, 606, 657: and, body, Magdeburg, 478,484 520; crystals, 523; darkness, 564, 580, magic, 56, 621 584; ether, 520, 521, 526; mass, 246; magnet, 653: magnetic, clock, 308; matter, 538; shadow, 523, 548, 550, 551, compass, 300; conception, 470; 555; sound, 525, 527; space-time, 539; emanation, 450; field, 313; needle, 560; Sun, 539: -bundle, 553; compound nature theory, 451, 501: magnetism, 54, 308, of, 571; corpuscles, 570; diffraction, 522; 374, 505, 529, 603, 621, 622, 623, 625, Fresnel on, 542; Goethe on, 541; Hegel 649,657,664, 704;and,Earth,313, 355; on, 531, 537, 539; kinds of, 538; Laplace gravity, 309; Kepler's laws, 473, 510; on, 542; nature of, 562; particles, 528; pendulum, 306 pressure, 350; -ray, 523, 524, 541, 570; Magnus, H.G., 707 shaded, 588; speed of, 244, 522, 534; Malebranche, N. de, 354, 521, 526, 674 Spinoza on, 540; undulation, 526; -wave, Mallett, M., 311 517,529 Malus, E.L., 698, 528, 529 limit, 140, 170,401,477,483 Manchester College, 441 line,curved,423,461 Manuel, F., xii, 125 linear dynamics, 422 many and one, 48, 67, 375 Littrow, lJ. von, 692 Marianini, S.G., 704 living force, 388, 389, 393, 491,660 Mars, 447,449, 450, 497 Locke, J., xiii, 7, 33, 42, 86, 131, 285, 304, Martin, B., xiii, 401, 475, 693 361,464; on Newton, 462 Marum, M. van, 697 Lowith, K, 129,562 Marx, K., 129, 133 logarithmic tables, 205 Maskelyne, N., 312 logic, and chemism, 612; chemistry, 609, mass, 23, 242, 249, 261, 263, 264: and, 611; contingency, 96; mathematics, 485, acceleration, 335; attraction, 503; 488; nature, 91, 103, 109, 214, 224, 307, chemical process, 604; force, 245, 255; 332, 493, 616; phenomenology, 665: matter, 379; motion, 467: inertial and deduction, 503; of Newton's Principia, gravitational, 229, 235, 238; Newton and 281; subject-predicate, 378; systematic, Hegel on, 536; of Sun, 472 291 materialism, 116,360,652 longitude, determination of, 350 mathematics, 532: and, astronomy, 490; Lorentz-invariance, 244, 245 book of nature, 224, 655; chemistry, 603, Lorenz, J.F., 155,478,479,484,672 604, 661; dialectic, 165, 222; em• love and friendship, 612 piricism, 298; experimentation, 209; Lucian, 36 force, 392; God, 443; Kepler's laws, 482, Index 779

505; logic, 485, 488; metaphysics, 486; Mense, A, 724 Notion, 14; ontology, 471; physics, 8, 14, Mercator, N., 471 327, 371, 455, 503, 504: applied, 201; mercury, 624; pendulum, 310 Greek, 327, 670; Hegel on, 483, 490; Mersenne, M., 34 pure and applied, 456, 458, 478: Mertonian theorem, 318, 319 mathematical, infinite, 215; law, 368; metal,560, 600, 623 model, 215; Newtonianism, 384; proof, metamorphosis, 106 493; rigour, 161; science, 220 metaphor, 591 matter, 23, 64, 68, 79, 230, 247, 334, 335, metaphysics, 15, 16, 82, 373, 395,504, 544, 356: and, attraction, 363; force, 413, 604, 565, 568: and empiricism, 89; mathe• 605; form, 305; God, 599; gravitation, matics, 486; progress, 546: atomistic, 229, 246, 360, 378; inertia, 369; light, 609; categories of, 85; Kant on, 558 538; mass, 379; motion, 254, 380, 647; meteorology, 589, 606, 607, 612 space, 247; time, 23; unity, 375; weight, method, Hegelian, 34 229,234,304: active, 604; celestial, 645; Methusaleh, 206 divisibility of, 263; dynamical view of, metre, 303; metric system, 303 361; Kant's conception of, 485, 642; Michelet, K.L., 314, 560 luminous, 538; mechanical laws of, 653; Michell, J., 52 Newton on, 368, 601, 652; Notion of, Michelsen, J.A.C., 683 375; terrestrial, 645 middle ages, 405 Maupertuis, P.L.M. de, 311, 326, 345, 392, Milan Observatory, 312 689 military, engineering, 205; mathematics, 208 Maxwell, J.e., 542 Mill, J.S., 497, 498,500,502 Mayer, J.T., 360 Miller, AV., 724 McGuire, J.E., 361, 378, 652 miracle, continual, 649 measure, 77,,117, 217, 220, 224, 292,303, Mitscherlich, E., 707 376, 409, 411: and incommensurability, model, mathematical, 215 189; pendulum, 301: categories of, 105, modification theory, 547,556 111; Notion of, 377; of force, 408; molecular mechanics, 207 realization of, 410; theory of, 74: Moll, G., 303 measurement, 83, 198, 211, 488, 532, monadology, 354, 364 533, 534; curvilinear, 480; of space and Monge, G., 685 time, 460 monism, 101 mechanics, 202, 204, 207, 383: and, force, Montucla, J.E., 475 384; geometry, 294; 459; inertia, 333; Moon, 456, 494, 647; and Earth, 11, 12, kinematics, 379; physics, 490, 540: 300; as planet, 205; Galilers observa• classical, 73, 229; history of, 201; levels tions, 645; motion of, 299 of, 460; of D' Alembert, 394; of particles, moonshine, Newtonian, 435; physical, 587 206; systematic, 439: mechanical laws, Montgolfier, J.M., 691 653; philosophy, 650: mechanism, 74, Moore, AW., 724 80,645 Moore, W., 310 mechanism, 74, 80, 83, 86, 645; and More, H., 127,276,295,652 atheism, 651: mechanistic, explanation, Moretto, A, 724 619; ontology, 543; philosophy, 282, Morichini, D.P., 698 520; theory, 520 Mosaic age, 106 medicine, 384 Moser,L.F., 697 medieval philosophy, 599, 619 motion, 308, 652: and, calculus, 167, 509; Melanchthon, P., 34, 35 force, 297, geometry, 297, 305; matter, Melica, C., 723 254, 380, 647; place, 249; rest, 307; 780 Index

telos, 179: central, 385; circular, 251, 469, 489, 493, 499; Laplace, 655; 391; conic, 427, 506; classified, 318; Leibniz, 172, 384, 646, 685; Lucretius, curvilinear, 74; elliptical, 488; free, 376; 413; modification theory, 556; New• inertial, 605; laws of, 322; pendular, 309; tonianism, 401; perception, 569; physics, perpetual, 276, 320; rectilinear, 412; 600; theology, 351; Voltaire, 491: science of, 328; vortical, 354 Arianism, 719; calculus, 144, 163, 172, Motte, A., 7 481; chemistry, 595; dynamics, 400; Mouton, G., 302 fallacy of 432; Hegel's view of, 489; Moyer, A., 434 inverse square law, 635; knighthood, Miiller, J.W., 673, 680 438; logic, 378; papers, xiii, 596; Miiller, K.R., 677 mathematics, 434, 455; Notebooks, 277, musical harmony, 499 278, 548, 569: on, acids, 649; analysis Musschenbroek,P. van, 344, 716 and synthesis, 28, 466; a priori proof, Mylius, C., 678 508; bodies, 387; Cartesian algebra, 457; mysticism, 59 Cartesian dynamics, 329; centripetal force, 323; chemical forces, 622; church Nagel, T., 117 history, 429; colour, 547, 586; curvature, Napoleon, 127, 128,705 423, 460; Descartes, 651; diffraction, natural, magic, 621; philosophy, 203, 232, 523; ellipse, 464, 507; ether, 283, 601; 412, 532, 605: science, and empiricism, experimentation, 621; fall, 211; force, 84, 90; absolute spirit, 88; philosophy, 622; God, 718; gravitation, 343, 495, 664; theology, 658 502, 542; gravity, 285; Huygens, 460; nature, analogy of, 621: and, conformity, inertia, 330; infinitesimals, 171; Kepler, 645, 647; God, 651; logic, 91, 103, 109, 402,415,467,472,494; mass, 230, 231; 214, 307, 332, 493, 616; physics, 346; matter, 368, 601, 652; mechanistic subject, 339; thought, 332, 610: explanation, 622; pendulum, 276, 297; bifurcation of, 134; circulatory, 649; perception, 575; physics, 572; soul, 119; continuity of, 616; importance of, 69; space, 295; variability of gravity, 410; laws of, 232; secrets of, 624; vortex-theory, 518; wave-theory, 518, temporalizing of, 658 523: On Gravitation, 405; On the Motion Needham, J.T., 54 of Bodies, 416; Optical Lectures, 549, neo-Platonism, 58, 127,295,381, 598, 672, 570; Optics, 51, 522,523,524,550,571; 673,690 pendulum experiments, 281, 304, 358; nerve, 575, 654; nervous ether, 353 Pantokrator, 129; phenomenology, 465, Netherlands, 303, 715 472,473; Principia, 418, 491, 492, 505, Neumann, c., 702 521; proofs, 493, religion, 465, 466; rules Neumann, F.E., 675, 701 of philosophizing, 7, 353, 362, 369, 410, Neuser, W., 30, 724 465; second law, 204; theology, 126, neutron, 236, 241 130,349,429; third law, 239, 467 Newton, I., 693, 700; alchemy, xiii, 57,429, Newtonian, analysis, 174; atomism, 604; 595, 597, 620, 653; analysis, 216; apple, paradigm, 577; science, 116 429, 489: and, Aristotelianism, 488; Newtonianism, 202, 288, 507, 558, 560, Bacon, 496; Bentley, 285; Bergman, 628; 568, 601, 627, 692, 715, 716; and Boyle, 623; Cartesians, 504; Descartes, Newton, 401; experimental, 603; in 576, 697; dialectic, 53; force, 600; Holland, 344; mathematical, 384; Geoffroy, 626; Goethe, 690; Gregory, popular, 384, 389 672; Hegel, 331; Hooke, 269, 407, 435, New York, 268, 349 436, 520; Huygens, 275; hypotheses, nexus of forces, 600 646; induction, 73; Kepler, 75, 78, 378, Nicholson, W., 707 Index 781

Nicomachus of Gerasa, 673 oxide, 615, 617; oxidization, 610 Niethammer, F.I., 31 Nietzsche, F., 129 Padua, 311 noesis noeseos, 25 pantheism, 347, 691 Noether, A.E., 261, 262 Pantokrator, 125, 128 non-Euclidean geometry, 478 Pappus of Alexandria, 18, 27, 30, 38, 440 non-standard analysis, 162 parabola, 324, 385 Notion, 25, 75, 90, 98, 212, 333, 414, 512, paradigm, 62, 69, 70, 116, 126, 249, 252, 534, 537, 560, 562, 659, 664: and, 383,577 evolution, 105, 663; experience, 504; parallels, 481, 677; parallel-postulate, 155, mathematics, 14: organism, 660: 219,477 necessity of, 84: of celestial spheres, 412; parallelogram of forces, 393, 402, 404, 405, gravitation, 373; matter, 368, 369, 375; 407,491,507 measure, 377; organic being, 663; space, Pardies, I.G., 519 376,377,411 Paris, 298, 407; Academy, 303, 344, 355, Notional, connection, 374; determination, 519,521,625; Pantheon, 311 66, 96, 157; development, 100, 661; Parmenides, 214 exposition, 565; unity, 380 particles, 259, 262, 353, 602, 620, 632; and number, and thought, 152; ideal, 195; empirical research, 603; etherial, 359; irrational, 444; kinds of, 444; polygonal, forces of, 621; hierarchy of, 598; 671,672; theory, 150 mechanics of, 206; of light, 528, 531; Nuremberg, 677, 680 theory of, 535, 543 past, present and future, 253, 257 occasionaIism, 354 Pater, C. de, 724 occult, mechanisms, 645; qualities, 501, 621 Pemberton, H., 7, 9, 475 Ockhamists, 318; Ockham's razor, 493 pendulum, 205: and, geo-magnetism, 314; Oersted, H.C., 703 lever, 309; measure, 301; mechanistic Ofterdinger, L.F., 681 philosophy, 282; motion, 309; planetary oil,650 motion,306: clock, 300; Foucault's, 386; Oken, L., 675 Hegel on, 310; mercurial, 310; Newton Olbers, H'w.M., 208, 695 on,231,26~ 297,358 Oldenburg, H., 127,277,279,407,518,519 perception, 256, 566, 569 one and many, 48, 67, 375 percussion, 207 ontology, mathematical, 471; mechanistic, perihelion, 391,453 543 perpetual motion, 276, 307, 320, 359 optics, 447 perturbation, 353, 370, 454, 468, 471, 508, orbit, 415, 431 509,510 Oresme, N., 292, 293 Petry, MJ., 724 organism, 566, 660, 661: and chemistry, Pfaff, C.H., 704 657, 659; Notion, 660: organic, being, Pfaff, J.W.A., 477, 510, 693, 703 106; forces, 658; life, 224 Pfleiderer, C.F., 30,477,479,480,481,499, oscillation, 300, 531 675,676 osculating circle, 422 phenomena, 10, 374: and, categories, 373, Osiander, A., 445 374; force, 647; theory, 534: saving the, otolith, 654 445,446 oval, 450, 472, 509 phenomenology, 121, 473, 494, 500, 542, Owen, G.E.L., 21 543; and logic, 665 Oxford, 429 Philadelphia, 349 oxygen, 637, 657, 660; oxidation, 616; Philips Research Laboratory, 268 782 Index

Philoponus,318 pole, axial, 257 philosophy: and, physics, 69, 250, 497, 533; Poleni, G., 311 science, 658, 664: experimental, 646; of polygon, 139, 140, 327, 445, 492, 501; and nature, 611 curve, 462 phlogiston, 349, 603, 657 polygonal numbers, 671, 672 phosphorescence, 540 polyhedra, 445 physical reality and geometry, 492 Popper, K, 116,244,336,447 physio-theology, 384, 658 popular Newtonianism, 384, 389 physics, 203: and, calculus, 477; pores, 524, 602 Hegelianism, 532; mathematics, 8, 14, Porphyry, 672,673 327,371,455,503,504; mechanics, 490, Poselger, F.T., 671 540; nature, 346; philosophy, 232, 250, positivism, 115,289 497, 533: applied, 268; Cartesian, 344; possibility, 221 celestial, 450; experimental, 269 potential infinite, 321, 327 physiology and colour, 575, 589; of Pourciau, B.H., 426 perception, 510 Pozzo, R., 725 Piazzi, G., 510 practice and theory, 442 Picard, J., 302 pragmatism, 449, 603 Pike, S., 351 precession of equinoxes, 294 Pisa Cathedral, 273 preformation, 658 place, 249, 251, 377 Prevost, P., 358 Place, V.T., 117 Priest, S.M., 725 planet, 394, 524, 647, 650: and, force, 414; Priestley, J., 51, 52, 360, 361, 362, 363, 602 pendular motion, 306; Sun, 472, 486, primary qualities, 361, 572 489, 501; revolution of, 386: planetary, prism,552,553,574,584,585,590, 591 harmony, 453; motion, 401; system, 204 process, and acid, 616; chemical, 613, 659 plant, 661, 662 Proclus, 27, 30, 187,327,440,479,690 Plato, xii, 25, 38, 165, 190, 193, 198, 214, projectile, 320, 329 440,445,461, 619, 673, 690;A1eno, 197: Prony, G.C.F.M.R. de, 208 on, ideal numbers, 195; mass, 250; proof, 493; a priori, 508; experimental, 230; mathematics, 458; solids, 456: geometrical, 444, 481; oflaw, 496 Parmenides, 185, 190, 196; Phaedrus, propulsion, 318 191; Philebus, 151, 196; Politicus, 187, Protarchus, 196 193; Timaeus, 440, 441, 442,653 proton, 236, 237, 241 Platonism, 55, 328, 443, 452, 458: and, Proust, LJ., 706 Euclid, 439; contemplation, 442; Proust, W., 658 presuppositions, 476; tradition, 488 Prussia, 345 Playfair, J., 363 psychology, 384, 567 Pleininger, W.H.T., 676 Ptolemy, 288,445,446, 694 plenum, 352, 354 pulse, 525 Plotinus, 672, 673 Pulte, H., 206 Ploucquet, G., 477, 686 pure thought, J09 plumb-bob, 292 Putnam, H., 117 Pohl, G.P., 510, 641,702, 703, 704 putrefaction, 647, 648 Poinsot, L., 205, 445 pyramid, 299 point, 396; -atomism, 363, 365; dimension• Pythagoras, 150, 156, 224, 672; followers, less, 605; -mass, 464, 467 27,151, 152, 165,442; theorem, 482 polar forces, 50; polarity, 41,48,642 polarization, 523, 531, 536, 541, 546, 698 quadrature, 158, 169 Index 783

quality: and, quantity, 24, 219, 367; Riese, F.C. von, 686 difference, 535: primary and secondary, Riess, P., 697 361 rifle-bullet, 270 quantity, 210, 478: and, quality, 24, 219, rigour, mathematical, 161 367; space, 219: Aristotle on, 444; Ritter, J.W., 559, 640, 702 quantifying force, 408 Rive, A.A. de la, 704 quantum, 75, 338; of time, 339; theory, 545 river, 649 quark, 260 Robertson, A., 671 Queen Anne, 438 Robins, B., 310 Queen of Heaven, 580 Robinson, A., 148, 162 quicksilver, 278 Robinson, B., 348, 352, 603 Robison, J., 360, 474, 527 Radlof, J.G., 695 rocket, 310 ram, hydraulic, 691 Rjijmer, 0., 522, 534 Ramus, P., 35, 444, 445, 480, 498 romanticism, 557, 664 Raphson, J., 174 Roose, T.G.A., 658 ratio, 327 Rosenberger, F., 423, 424, 437 ray, of light, 523, 541, 570 Rosenkranz, K., 579 reaction, chemical, 629 Ross, J.A., 679 Reading (Berks.), 693 Rostock, 699 reality, and model, 216 rotation, 249, 256, 384, 386; of, Earth, 311; rectilinear motion, 412 Sun, 450, 451 recursion, 180 Routh, EJ., 424 reductionism, 544, 545 Royal Society of London, 57, 127,280,295, reflection, 517, 525, 571, 588, 651 303, 306, 311, 407, 415, 416, 422, 430, refraction, 447, 525, 526, 541, 571, 573, 519,549,570,625,716 585; and colour, 549, 552; sine law of, Rudolphine Tables, 449, 450, 451, 454, 471, 517,534 474 regular solids, 445, 452, 478 rules of philosophizing, 7, 353, 362, 369, Reich, F., 270 410,465 Reed, T., 51, 353 Rumford, Count, 310 Reinhold, K.L., 150, 152 Russell, B., 497, 502 relativity, 236, 251, 263 Ryle, G., 117 religion, 361; Hegel on, 580, 581, 582 Remes, u., 18, 19,21 Sabine, E., 313 representation, and concept, 580 salt, 615, 642, 650, 660 reproduction, 660 Sariemijn, A., 725 repulsion, 48, 53, 372, 605; and attraction, satellite, 373,471,494 66,334,375,601,623 Saturn, 12,373,380,471,472,494,508 resistance, 329 scepticism, 353, 447 respiration, 662 rest, and motion, 307; - Schellig, K.F., 673 mass, 249 Schelling, F.WJ., 30, 34, 46, 47, 49, 53, retina, 575 150, 152, 331, 365, 643, 659: and, Reuter, K., 702 Bergman, 637; Hegel, 45, 209, 562, 631; reversibility, 206 Ritter, 559; Trommsdorff, 708: Hegel on, rhomboid, 402 560; in Berlin, 399: on, chemistry, 642; Riccard, G.C., 674 Kielmeyer, 658; mass, 250; philosophy Richer, J., 275 of nature, 44, 632: Schellingians, 510 Richter, J.B., 604, 607, 639, 640, 657, 706 Scherer, A.N., 635, 636 784 Index

Schering, E.J., 676 Sigorgne, P., 477 Scheubel, J., 480 Simplicius, 181 Schiehallion, Mount, 312 Simson, R., 480 Schrrrieden, C., 162 sine-law of refraction, 517, 541 Schrrritz, J.W.A.H., 695, 696 Skolem, T., 218 Schofield, R., 605 sky, 582; blue of, 582; colour of, 585 scholasticism, 443 Sloane, H., 625 Schooten, F. van, 457, 672 Small, R., 499 Schopenhauer, A., 659 Smart, J.J.C., 117 Schubarth, K.E., 579 Smeaton, W.A., 626 Schubert, F.T., 371,403 Sneed, J.D., 245 Schubert,G.H. von, 510 Snelders, H.A.M., 725 Schultz, C.F.L., 579, 700 Snell, W., 517, 534 Schulz, J., 687 Socrates, 190 science, and experience, 560; philosophy, solar system, 105, 110, 112,204,234,374 61, 658; speculation, 372: deductive, Soldner, J.G., 208 328; mathematical, 220: scientific solidity, 361, 445 knowledge, 215; progress, 546 Solomon, temple of, 299 Scotland, 353,362 Sommerfeld, A., 268 sea, 647; ofbecorrring, 442 soul, 118,576 secondary qualities, 572 sound, 54: and colour, 574; light, 525, 527 Sedlak, F., 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, space, 52, 100,602; absolute, 224, 330: and 113 field, 236; matter, 247; quantity, 219: Seebeck, L.F.W.A., 697, 701 Newton on, 295; Notion of, 377 Seebeck, T.J., 563, 698, 701 space-time, 23, 212, 251, 334, 338, 411, Segner, J.A. von, 477 412, 495, 609: and calculus, 483; Sendivogius, M., 653 Kepler's laws, 512; law, 496: sensation, 574 measurement of, 460; Notion of, 376; sense, organs, 575; perception, 572 region, 539 sensibility, 658, 660 spectrum, chromatic, 590 sensorium, 572, 576 speculation, and science, 372 Serret, J.A., 679 sphere, 261, 480; spherical trigonometry, set-theory, 219 510 shade, and, colour, 588; light, 588; prism, Speiser, D., 525 591 spin, 259, 271 shadow, 519, 554, 579, 588, 701: and, Spinoza, B. de, 33, 34, 38, 127, 130, 163, colour, 548, 553; light, 523, 550, 551, 186: Ethics, 272: on, harmony, 453; 555; blue, 586; coloured, 587; infinite, 151; light, 540 geometrically defined, 522; partial, 590; spirit, 104, 603, 653; of wine, 622 realm of, 591 stages, system of, 83, 106 Shanker, S.G., 218 Stahl, G.E., 603, 604, 608, 620 shape of Earth, 298, 311, 345, 353, 390 Stahl, K., 484 Shapiro, A.E., 570 star, fixed, 294; parallax, 294; polygon, 445; Shaw, N., 107 polyhedron, 445 Shea, W., 403, 423 statics, 392 short-range force, 236, 635 steam, 524 sickness, 660 Steffens, H., 703 siderism, 559 Steiner, J., 675 Siebenkees, J.C., 677 Steinle, F., 725 Index 785

stereometry,160, 480, 481 Tennulius, S., 672 Stevin, S., 277 terrestrial matter, 645 Stewart, D., 51 Teyler Museum, 711 Stirling, IH., 107, 110,485 Thackray, A.W., 626 stoichiometry, 640, 643, 706 theology, 289, 347, 441, 442, 658; and stone, fall of, 408; on string, 388, 391 natural philosophy, 605; Newton's, 351; Stone, E., 174 voluntarist, 349 St. Petersburg, 354 theory and: experiment, 626; phenomena, straight line, 154 534; practice, 442; science, 459 Stumpff, K., 692 theosophy, 696 Streete, T., 469, 470, 474 thermodynamics, 396, 543 Stuttgart Grammar School, 476 Thompson, B., 310 subconscious, 448, 580 thought and nature, 332, 610; numbers, 152; subject, and nature, 339; -object dichotomy, experiment, 240, 246, 298; pure, 109 489 three-body problem, 204 sufficient reason, 330 tides, 273 sulphur, 616, 623, 650, 651; sulphuric acid, time, 100; and matter; 23; bi-dimensional, 640 193; Newton on, 294; quantum of, 339, Sun, 379, 414, 494, 598: and Earth, 472, 377 648; light, 539; planets, 373, 451, 472, time-space, 23, 212, 251, 334, 338, 411, 486, 489, 501; satellites, 468; Saturn, 412, 495, 609; and calculus, 483; 380; stars, 650: as centre of force, 455; Kepler's laws, 512 mass of, 472; rotation, 450, 451 tin, 624 sunlight, 587 Toland, I, 361 superpositioning, 384, 394 Tolstoy, Count, 107 Supreme Architect, 362 topography, 205 syllogism, 25, 29, 613, 614; and geometry, Torelli, G., 671 480 Torricelli, E., 671 symmetry, 262 Toth, 1.,725 sympathy, 286, 619, 620 trajectory, 385 synthesis, and analysis, 17,27,33,109,272, transit, 449 440, 466, 479; mathematics, 154: transmutation of elements, 599, 607, 608, synthetic, method, 152; proof, 258, 374 648 systematic, context, 334; logic, 291; transparency, 584 mechanics, 439 Trendelenburg, F.A, 399 Treviranus, G.R., 658 Tacquet, A, 480, 671 triangle, defined, 153 tadpole, 648 triangulation, 449, 450, 497 Taisnier, J., 450 trigonometry, 205, 478, 480, 511 tangential, force, 387; motion, 392 Trinitarianism, 719 Tarski, A, 218 Trinity College Cambridge, xiv, 167 Tartaglia, N., 480 Trommsdorff, IB., 633, 705, 708, 709 tartar, salt of, 622, 624 Troy, 489 tautology, 156 Ttibingen, 476,477, 671, 690 taxonomy, 657 turbidity, 554 Taylor, B., 30, 211, 481, 676 Turgot, ARJ., 289 technology, 310 two-body system, 455 teleology, xii, 104, 109; telos, 179,321 Tychonic hypothesis, 447 tellurium 707 Tyndall, J., 654 786 Index ultimate ratios, 145 Weinstock, R., 281, 283,425,426,726 unborn child, 448 Weisse, C.H., 687 under-labourer, xiii, 42 Weizsacker, C.F. von, 261 undulatory theory of light, 526 Werneburg, J.F.e., 690 unhappy consciousness, 185 Werner, A.G., 696 uniform motion, 319 Westfall, R.S., xii, 125,275,405,597,653 unit, 339 Westminster Abbey, 438 United Nations Organization, 268 Whewell, W., xiv, 403, 447, 498, 500 unity and matter, 375 Whiston, W., 127, 131,474 Universal spirit, 653 Whitehurst, J., 303 Uranus, discovery of, 453 white light, 585 Urbino, duke of, 441 Whiteside, D.T., xiv, 418 urea, 657 Whiteway colony, 107, 109 Wilke, C.H., 693 vacuum, 278, 605 Wilkins, J., 295, 470 Valerio, L., 671 Wilson, B., 349 vapour, 648 wine, spirit of, 622 variational mechanics, 207 Wing, V., 469, 470 Varignon, P., 716 Winkler, H.H., 391 vector composition, 321 Winter!, J.J., 633, 709 velocity, 386; initial, 323; virtual, 688 Wittgenstein, L., 117 vibration, 54, 292, 521, 525, 575 Wohler, F., 657 Viete, F., 27, 28 Wolff, e., 14, 29, 33, 38, 324, 345, 479, Vinci, L. da, 277 480, 690: and geometry, 480; Leibniz, virtual velocity, 688 533 Viviani, V., 274, 320 Wolff, C.F., 658 Vlacq, A., 677 Wolff, M., 401 Voider, B. de, 715 Wolf-Gazo, E., 726 Voltaire, F.M.A. de, 389, 474, 475, 689; and Wollaston, W.H., 528 Newton, 491, 492; on force, 390; on world, and God, 328, 621; picture, 80; soul, Kepler, 475 598; spirit, 598 vortex, 330, 344, 368, 521; and centrifugal worm, 648 force, 521; theory, 469, 470, 501, 517, Wrede, K.F., 691 527: vortical motion, 354 Wren, e., 322, 348,463,470

Wahsner, R., 725 Yolton, J.W., 7 Wake, W., 466 Young, T., 527, 528, 529, 531 Wallis, J., 322 Ypey, N., 676 Wandschneider, D., 725 Ward, S., 454 Zabarella, J., 28, 32, 35 water, 603, 605, 619, 642, 645, 649, 650; Zeno of Citium, 36 and copper, 622 Zeno of Elea, 160, 171,179, 180, 184, 192, wave, frequency, 526; theory, 517, 518, 531, 199,200,321 570 Ziche, P., 676 wax, 224 Ziggelaar, A., 726 Wehrle, W.E., 726 Zimmermann, e.G., 687 Weierstrass, K.T.W., 76, 147 zinc oxide, 616 weight, 370: and, inertia, 230; matter, 229, Zuylen van Nyeveldt, P.J. van, 509, 694 234, 304; measure, 303 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES

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1. E. Labrousse: Pierre Bayle. Tome I: Du pays de foix a la cite d'Erasme. 1963; 2nd printing 1984 ISBN 90-247-3136-4 For Tome II see below under Volume 6. 2. P. Merlan: Monopsychism, Mysticism, Metaconsciousness. Problems of the Soul in the Neoaristotelian and Neoplatonic Tradition. 1963; 2nd printing 1969 ISBN 90-247-0178-3 3. H.G. van Leeuwen: The Problem of Certainty in English Thought, 1630-1690. With a Preface by R.H. Popkin. 1963; 2nd printing 1970 ISBN 90-247-0179-1 4. P.W. Janssen: Les origines de la reforme des Carmes en France au 1~ Siecle. 1963; 2nd printing 1969 ISBN 90-247-0180-5 5. G. Sebba: Bibliographia Cartesiana. A Critical Guide to the Descartes Literature (1800-1960). 1964 ISBN 90-247-0181-3 6. E. Labrousse: Pierre Bayle. Tome II: Heterodoxie et rigorisme. 1964 ISBN 90-247-0182-1 7. K.W. Swart: The Sense of Decadence in 19th-Century France. 1964 ISBN 90-247-0183-X 8. W. Rex: Essays on Pierre Bayle and Religious Controversy. 1965 ISBN 90-247-0184-8 9. E. Heier: L.H. Nicolay (1737-1820) and His Contemporaries. Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire, Gluck, Metastasio, Galiani, D'Escherny, Gessner, Bodmer, Lavater, Wieland, Frederick II, Falconet, W. Robertson, Paul I, Cagliostro, Gellert, Winckel• mann, Poinsinet, Lloyd, Sanchez, Masson, and Others. 1965 ISBN 90-247-0185-6 10. H.M. Bracken: The Early Reception of Berkeley's Immaterialism, 1710-1733. [1958] Rev. ed. 1965 ISBN 90-247-0186-4 11. R.A. Watson: The Downfall of Cartesianism, 1673-1712. A Study of Epistemological Issues in Late 17th-Century Cartesianism. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0187-2 12. R. Descartes: Regulce ad Directionem Ingenii. Texte critique etabli par Giovanni Crapulli avec la version hollandaise du 17e siec1e. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0188-0 13. J. Chapelain: Soixante-dix-sept Lettres inedites a Nicolas Heinsius (1649-1658). Publi6es d'apres Ie manuscrit de Leyde avec une introduction et des notes par B. Bray. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0189-9 14. C. B. Brush: Montaigne and Bayle. Variations on the Theme of Skepticism. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0190-2 15. B. Neveu: Un historien a l'Ecole de Port-Royal. Sebastien Ie Nain de Tillemont (1637-1698).1966 ISBN 90-247-0191-0 16. A. Faivre: Kirchberger et I'Illuminisme du 1se siecle. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0192-9 17. J.A. Clarke: Huguenot Warrior. The Life and Times of Henri de Rohan (1579-1638). 1966 ISBN 90-247-0193-7 18. S. Kinser: The Wor~ ofJacques-Auguste de Thou. 1966 ISBN 90-247-0194-5 19. E.F. Hirsch: Damiiio de Gois. The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist (1502- 1574). 1967 ISBN 90-247-0195-3 20. P.J.S. Whitemore: The Order ofMinims in 17th-Century France. 1967 ISBN 90-247-0196-1 21. H. Hillenaar: Fenelon et les Jesuites. 1967 ISBN 90-247-0197-X ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES

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22. W.N. Hargreaves-Mawdsley: The English Della Cruscans and Their Time, 1783- 1828. 1967 ISBN 90-247-0198-8 23. C.B. Schmitt: Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola (1469-1533) and his Critique of Aristotle. 1967 ISBN 90-247-0199-6 24. H.B. White: Peace among the Willows. The Political Philosophy of Francis Bacon. 1968 ISBN 90-247-0200-3 25. L. Apt: Louis-Philippe de Segur. An Intellectual in a Revolutionary Age. 1969 ISBN 90-247-0201-1 26. E.H. Kadler: Literary Figures in French Drama (1784- 1834). 1969 ISBN 90-247-0202-X 27. G. Postel: Le Thresor des propheties de l'univers. Manuscrit publie avec une introduction et des notes par F. Secret. 1969 ISBN 90-247-0203-8 28. E.G. Boscherini: Lexicon Spinozanum. 2 vols., 1970 Set ISBN 90-247-0205-4 29. C.A. Bolton: Church Reform in 18th-Century Italy. The Synod of Pi stoia (1786). 1969 ISBN 90-247-0208-9 30. D. Janicaud: Une genealogie du spiritualisme jranrais. Aux sources du bergsonisme: [Felix] Ravaisson [1813-1900] et la metaphysique. 1969 ISBN 90-247-0209-7 31. J.-E. d'Angers: L'Humanisme chretien au 1~ siecle. St. Fran\!ois de Sales et Yves de Paris. 1970 ISBN 90-247-0210-0 32. H.B. White: Copp'd Hills towards Heaven. Shakespeare and the Classical Polity. 1970 ISBN 90-247-0250-X 33. P.J. Olscamp: The Moral Philosophy of George Berkeley. 1970 ISBN 90-247-0303-4 34. C.G. Norefia: Juan Luis Vives (1492-1540). 1970 ISBN 90-247-5008-3 35. J. O'Higgens: Anthony Collins (1676-1729), the Man and His World. 1970 ISBN 90-247-5007-5 36. F.T. Brechka: Gerard van Swieten and His World (1700- 1772). 1970 ISBN 90-247-5009-1 37. M.H. Waddicor: Montesquieu and the Pilosophy ofNatural Law. 1970 ISBN 90-247-5039-3 38. O.R. Bloch: La Philosophie de Gassendi (1592-1655). Nominalisme, materialisme et metaphysique. 1971 ISBN 90-247-5035-0 39. J. Hoyles: The Waning of the Renaissance (1640-1740). Studies in the Thought and Poetry of Henry More, John Norris and Isaac Watts. 1971 ISBN 90-247-5077-6 For Henry More, see also below under Volume 122 and 127. 40. H. Bots: Correspondance de Jacques Dupuy et de Nicolas Heinsius (1646-1656). 1971 ISBN 90-247-5092-X 41. W.C. Lehmann: Henry Home, Lord Kames, and the Scottish Enlightenment. A Study in National Character and in the History of Ideas. 1971 ISBN 90-247-5018-0 42. C. Kramer: Emmery de Lyere et Marnix de Sainte Aldegonde. Un admirateur de Sebastien Franck et de Montaigne aux prises avec Ie champion des calvinistes neerlandais.[Avec Ie texte d'Emmery de Lyere:] Antidote ou contrepoison contre les conseils sanguinaires et envinemez de Philippe de Marnix Sr. de Ste. Aldegonde. 1971 ISBN 90-247-5136-5 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'IDSTOIRE DES IDEES

INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES* OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS

43. P. Dibon: Inventaire de la correspondance (1595-1650) d'Andre Rivet (1572-1651). 1971 ISBN 90-247-5112-8 44. K.A. Kottman: Law and Apocalypse. The Moral Thought of Luis de Leon (1527?- 1591). 1972 ISBN 90-247-1183-5 45. F.G. Nauen: Revolution, Idealism and Human Freedom. Schelling, HOiderlin and Hegel, and the Crisis of Early German Idealism. 1971 ISBN 90-247-5117-9 46. H. Jensen: Motivation and the Moral Sense in Francis Hutcheson's [1694-1746] Ethical Theory. 1971 ISBN 90-247-1187-8 47. A. Rosenberg: [Simon] Tyssot de Patot and His Work (1655-1738). 1972 ISBN 90-247-1199-1 48. C. Walton: De la recherche du bien. A study of [Nicolas de] Malebranche's [1638- 1715] Science of Ethics. 1972 ISBN 90-247-l205-X 49. PJ.S. Whitmore (ed.): A 17th-Century Exposure of Superstition. Select Text of Claude Pithoys (1587-1676). 1972 ISBN 90-247-l298-X 50. A. Sauvy: Livres saisis a Paris entre 1678 et 1701. D'apres une etude preliminaire de Motoko Ninomiya. 1972 ISBN 90-247-1347-1 51. W.R. Redmond: Bibliography of the Philosophy in the Iberian Colonies of America. 1972 ISBN 90-247-1190-8 52. C.B. Schmitt: Cicero Scepticus. A Study of the Influence of the Academica in the Renaissance. 1972 ISBN 90-247-1299-8 53. J. Hoyles: The Edges of Augustanism. The Aesthetics of Spirituality in Thomas Ken, John Byrom and William Law. 1972 ISBN 90-247-1317-X 54. J. Bruggeman and AJ. van de Ven (Ms.): Inventaire des pieces d' Archives fran~aises se rapportant a l' Abbaye de Port-Royal des Champs et son cercle et a la Resistance contre la Bulle Unigenitus et a l' Appel. 1972 ISBN 90-247-5122-5 55. J.W. Montgomery: Cross and Crucible. Johann Valentin Andreae (1586-1654), Phoenix of the Theologians. Volume I: Andreae's Life, World-View, and Relations with Rosicrucianism and Alchemy; Volume II: The Chymische Hochzeit with Notes and Commentary. 1973 SetISBN 90-247-5054-7 56. O. Lutaud: Des revolutions d'Angleterre a la Revolutionfranfaise. Le tyrannicide & Killing No Murder (Cromwell, Athalie, Bonaparte). 1973 ISBN 90-247-1509-1 57. F. Duchesneau: L'Empirisme de Locke. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1349-8 58. R. Simon (ed.): Henry de Boulainviller - CEuvres Philosophiques, Tome I. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1332-3 For CEvres Philosophiques, Tome II see below under Volume 70. 59. RE. Harris: Salvationfrom Despair. A Reappraisal of Spinoza's Philosophy. 1973 ISBN 90-247-5158-6 60. J.-F. Battail: L'Avocat philosophe Geraud de Cordemoy (1626-1684). 1973 ISBN 90-247-1542-3 61. T. Liu: Discord in Zion. The Puritan Divines and the Puritan Revolution (1640-1660). 1973 ISBN 90-247-5156-X 62. A. Strugnell: Diderot's Politics. A Study of the Evolution of Diderot's Political Thought after the Encyclopedie. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1540-7 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES

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63. G. Defaux: Pantagruel et les Sophistes. Contribution Ii l'histoire de l'humanisme chretien au 16e siecle. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1566-0 64. G. Planty-Bonjour: Hegel et la pensee philosophique en Russie (1830-1917). 1974 ISBN 90-247-1576-8 65. R.J. Brook: [George] Berkeley's Philosophy of Science. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1555-5 66. T.E. Jessop: A Bibliography of George Berkeley. With: Inventory of Berkeley's Manuscript Remains by A.A. Luce. 2nd revised and enlarged ed. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1577-6 67. E.I. Perry: From Theology to History. French Religious Controversy and the Revo- cation ofthe Edict of Nantes. 1973 ISBN 90-247-1578-4 68. P. Dibbon, H. Bots et E. Bots-Estourgie: Inventaire de la correspondance (1631-1671) de Johannes Fredericus Gronovius [1611-1671]. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1600-4 69. A.B. Collins: The Secular is Sacred. Platonism and Thornism in Marsilio Fieino's Platonic Theology. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1588-1 70. R. Simon (ed.): Henry de Boulainviller. (Euvres Philosophiques, Tome II. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1633-0 For (Evres Philosophiques, Tome I see under Volume 58. 71. J.A.G. Tans et H. Schmitz du Moulin: Pasquier Quesnel devant la Congregation de l'lndex. Correspondance avec Francesco Barberini et memoires sur la mise Ii l'Index de son edition des (Euvres de Saint Leon, pub lies avec introduction et annotations. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1661-6 72. lW. Carven: Napoleon and the Lazarists (1804-1809). 1974 ISBN 90-247-1667-5 73. G. Symcox: The Crisis of French Sea Power (1688-1697). From the Guerre d'Escadre to the Guerre de Course. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1645-4 74. R. MacGillivray: Restoration Historians and the English Civil War. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1678-0 75. A. Soman (ed.): The Massacre of St. Bartholomew. Reappraisals and Documents. 1974 ISBN 90-247-1652-7 76. R.E. Wanner: Claude Fleury (1640-1723) as an Educational Historiographer and Thinker. With an Introduction by W.W. Brickman. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1684-5 77. R.T. Carroll: The Common-Sense Philosophy of Religion of Bishop Edward Stil- lingfleet (1635-1699). 1975 ISBN 90-247-1647-0 78. J. Macary: Masque et lumieres au 1se [siecle). Andre-Fran\;ois Deslandes, Citoyen et philosophe (1689-1757). 1975 ISBN 90-247-1698-5 79. S.M. Mason: Montesquieu's Idea of Justice. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1670-5 80. DJ.H. van Elden: Esprits fins et esprits geometriques dans les portraits de Saint• Simon. Contributions Ii l'etude du vocabulaire et du style. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1726-4 81. I. Primer (ed.): Mandeville Studies. New Explorations in the Art and Thought of Dr Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733).1975 ISBN 90-247-1686-1 82. e.G. Norefia: Studies in Spanish Renaissance Thought. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1727-2 83. G. Wilson: A Medievalist in the 18th Century. Le Grand d' Aussy and the Fabliaux ou Contes. 1975 ISBN 90-247-1782-5 84. J.-R. Arrnogathe: Theologia Cartesiana. L'explication physique de l'Eucharistie chez Descartes et Dom Robert Desgabets. 1977 ISBN 90-247-1869-4 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES

INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES* OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS

85. Berault Stuart, Seigneur d' Ajlbigny: TraUe sur l'art de la guerre. Introduction et edition par Elie de Comminges. 1976 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 1871 .. 6 86. S.L. Kaplan: Bread, Politics and Political Economy in the Reign of Louis xv. 2 vols., 1976 Set ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 1873 .. 2 87. M. Lienhard (ed.): The Origins and Characteristics of Anabaptism / Les debuts et les caracteristiques de l'Anabaptisme. With an Extensive Bibliography I Avec une bibliographie detaillee. 1977 ISBN 90-247 .. 1896 .. 1 88. R. Descartes: Regles utiles et claires pour la direction de I' esprit en la recherche de la verite. Traduction selon Ie lexique cartesien, et annotation conceptuelle par J ... L. Marion. Avec des notes matMmatiques de P. Costabel. 1977 ISBN 90-247 .. 1907 .. 0 89. K. Hardesty: The 'Supplement' to the 'Encyclopedie'. [Diderot et d' Alembert]. 1977 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 1965 .. 8 90. H.B. White: Antiquity Forgot. Essays on Shakespeare, [Francis] Bacon, and Rem .. brandt. 1978 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 1971 .. 2 91. P.B.M. Blaas: Continuity and Anachronism. Parliamentary and Constitutional Development in Whig Historiography and in the Anti .. Whig Reaction between 1890 and 1930. 1978 ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 2063 .. X 92. S.L. Kaplan (ed.): La Bagarre. Ferdinando Galiani's (1728 .. 1787) 'Lost' Parody. With an Introduction by the Editor. 1979 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2125 .. 3 93. E. McNiven Hine: A Critical Study of [Etienne Bonnot de] Condillac's [1714 .. 1780] TraUe des Systemes'. 1979 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2120.. 2 94. M.R.G. Spiller: Concerning Natural Experimental Philosphy. Meric Casaubon [1599 .. 1671] and the Royal Society. 1980 ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 2414 .. 7 95. F. Duchesneau: La physiologie des Lumieres. Empirisme, mode1es et theories. 1982 ISBN 90-247 .. 2500 .. 3 96. M. Heyd: Between Orthodoxy and the Enlightenment. Jean .. Robert. Chouet [1642 .. 1731] and the Introduction of Cartesian Science in the Academy of Geneva. 1982 ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 2508 .. 9 97. James O'Higgins: Yves de Vallone [166617 .. 1705]: The Making of an Esprit Fort. 1982 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2520 .. 8 98. M.L. Kuntz: Guillaume Postel [1510 .. 1581]. Prophet of the Restitution of All Things. His Life and Thought. 1981 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2523 .. 2 99. A. Rosenberg: Nicolas Gueudeville and His Work (1652 .. 172?). 1982 ISBN 90-247 .. 2533 .. X 100. S.L. Jaki: Uneasy Genius: The Life and Work of Pierre Duhem [1861 .. 1916].1984 ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 2897 .. 5; Pb (1987) 90.. 247 .. 3532 .. 7 101. Anne Conway [1631 .. 1679]: The Principles of the Most Ancient Modem Philosophy. Edited and with an Introduction by P. Loptson. 1982 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2671 .. 9 102. E.C. Patterson: [Mrs.] Mary [Fairfax Greig] Sommerville [1780.. 1872] and the Cultivation ofScience (1815 .. 1840). 1983 ISBN 90 .. 247 .. 2823 .. 1 103. C.J. Berry: Hume, Hegel and Human Nature. 1982 ISBN 90.. 247 .. 2682 .. 4 104. C.J. Betts: Early Deism in France. From the so .. called 'deistes' of Lyon (1564) to Voltaire's 'Lettres philosophiques' (1734). 1984 ISBN 90-247 .. 2923 .. 8 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES * INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS

105. R Gascoigne: Religion, Rationality and Community. Sacred and Secular in the Thought of Hegel and His Critics. 1985 ISBN 90-247-2992-0 106. S. Tweyman: Scepticism and Belief in Hume's 'Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion'. 1986 ISBN 90-247-3090-2 107. G. Cerny: Theology, Politics and Letters at the Crossroads of European Civilization. Jacques Basnage [1653-1723] and the Bay1ean Huguenot Refugees in the Dutch Republic. 1987 ISBN 90-247-3150-X 108. Spinoza's Algebraic Calculation of the Rainbow & Calculation of Changes. Edited and Translated from Dutch, with an Introduction, Explanatory Notes and an Appendix by M.l Petry. 1985 ISBN 90-247-3149-6 109. R.G. McRae: Philosophy and the Absolute. The Modes of Hegel's Speculation. 1985 ISBN 90-247-3151-8 110. lD. North and II Roche (eds.): The Light of Nature. Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science presented to A.c. Crombie. 1985 ISBN 90-247-3165-8 111. C. Walton and P.l Johnson (eds.): [Thomas] Hobbes's 'Science of Natural Justice'. 1987 ISBN 90-247-3226-3 112. B.W. Head: Ideology and Social Science. Destutt de Tracy and French Liberalism. 1985 ISBN 90-247-3228-X 113. ATh. Peperzak: Philosophy and Politics. A Commentary on the Preface to Hegel's Philosophy ofRight. 1987 ISBN Hb 90-247-3337-5; Pb ISBN 90-247-3338-3 114. S. Pines and Y. Yovel (eds.): Maimonides [1135-1204] and Philosophy. Papers Presented at the 6th Jerusalem Philosophical Encounter (May 1985). 1986 ISBN 90-247-3439-8 115. T.J. Saxby: The Questfor the New Jerusalem, Jean de Labadie [1610-1674] and the Labadists (1610-1744). 1987 ISBN 90-247-3485-1 116. C.E. Harline: Pamphlets, Printing, and Political Culture in the Early Dutch Republic. 1987 ISBN 90-247-3511-4 117. RA Watson and J.E. Force (eds.): The Sceptical Mode in Modem Philosophy. Essays in Honor of Richard H. Popkin. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3584-X 118. RT. Bienvenu and M. Feingold (eds.): In the Presence of the Past. Essays in Honor of Frank Manuel. 1991 ISBN 0-7923-1008-X 119. J. van den Berg and E.G.E. van der Wall (eds.): Jewish-Christian Relations in the 17th Century. Studies and Documents. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3617-X 120. N. Waszek: The Scottish Enlightenment and Hegel's Account of 'Civil Society'. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3596-3 121. J. Walker (ed.): Thought and Faith in the Philosophy of Hegel. 1991 ISBN 0-7923-1234-1 122. Henry More [1614-1687]: The Immortality of the Soul. Edited with Introduction and Notes by A Jacob. 1987 ISBN 90-247-3512-2 123. P.B. Scheurer and G. Debrock (eds.): Newton's Scientific and Philosophical Legacy. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3723-0 124. D.R. Kelley and RH. Popkin (eds.): The Shapes of Knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment. 1991 ISBN 0-7923-1259-7 ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES D'HISTOIRE DES IDEES

INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES* OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS

125. R.M. Golden (ed.): The Huguenot Connection. The Edict of Nantes, Its Revocation, and Early French Migration to South Carolina. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3645-5 126. S. Lindroth: Les chemins du savoir en Suede. De la fondation de l'Universite d'Upsal a Jacob Berzelius. Etudes et Portraits. Traduit du suedois, presente et annote par J.-F. Battail. Avec une introduction sur Sten Lindroth par G. Eriksson. 1988 ISBN 90-247-3579-3 127. S. Hutton (ed.): Henry More (1614-1687). Tercentenary Studies. With a Biography and Bibliography by R. Crocker. 1989 ISBN 0-7923-0095-5 128. Y. Yovel (ed.): Kant's Practical Philo$ophy Reconsidered. Papers Presented at the 7th Jerusalem Philosophical Encounter (December 1986). 1989 ISBN 0-7923-0405-5 129. IE. Force and R.H. Popkin: Essays on the Context, Nature, and Influence of Isaac Newton's Theology. 1990 ISBN 0-7923-0583-3 130. N. Capaldi and D.W. Livingston (eds.): Liberty in Hurne's 'History of England'. 1990 ISBN 0-7923-0650-3 131. W. Brand: Hume's Theory of Moral Judgment. A Study in the Unity of A Treatise of Human Nature. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1415-8 132. C.E. Harline (ed.): The Rhyme and Reason of Politics in Early Modem Europe. Collected Essays of Herbert H. Rowen. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1527-8 133. N. Malebranche: Treatise on Ethics (1684). Translated and edited by C. Walton. 1993 ISBN 0-7923-1763-7 134. B.C. Southgate: 'Covetous of Truth'. The Life and Work of Thomas White (1593-1676). 1993 ISBN 0-7923-1926-5 135. G. Santinello, C.W.T. Blackwell and Ph. Weller (eds.): Models of the History of Philosophy. Vol. 1: From its Origins in the Renaissance to the 'Historia Philosphica'. 1993 ISBN 0-7923-2200-2 136. M.J. Petry (ed.): Hegel and Newtonianism. 1993 ISBN 0-7923-2202-9 137. Otto von Guericke: The New (so-called Magdeburg) Experiments [Experimenta Nova, Amsterdam 1672]. Translated and edited by M.G.F. Ames. 1993 (in prep). ISBN 0-7923-2399-8 138. R.H. Popkin and G.M. Weiner (eds.): Jewish Christians and Cristian Jews. From the Renaissance to the Enlightenment. 1993 (in prep.) ISBN 0-7923-2452-8 139. IE. Force and R.H. Popkin (eds.): Bible Scholarship in the Netherlands of Spinoza's Time and on the British Isles ofNewton's Time. 1993 (in prep.) ISBN 0-7923-2467-6

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