An Immanent Metaphysics
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Changes to the Standard to Implement the Safer Choice Label (Pdf)
Changes to the Standard to Implement the Safer Choice Label 2/10/15 Implementation of a New Label for the DfE Safer Product Labeling Program and Supporting Modifications to the DfE Standard for Safer Products, now to be known as the “Safer Choice Standard,” including the Designation of a Fragrance-Free Label This document explains several important changes to EPA’s Safer Product Labeling Program (SPLP), as well as a number of conforming changes to the program’s Standard for Safer Products, including: a new label1 and name for the EPA SPLP; an associated fragrance-free label; and related changes to the standard that qualifies products for the label. With this document EPA is finalizing the new label for immediate use. While effective immediately, the Agency is requesting comment on the other changes described in this document, including a new, optional fragrance-free certification. Redesigned Label The EPA Design for the Environment (DfE) Safer Product Labeling Program has redesigned its label to better communicate the program’s human health and environmental protection goals, increase consumer and institutional/industrial purchaser understanding and recognition of products bearing the label, and encourage innovation and the development of safer chemicals and chemical-based products. The label’s new name “Safer Choice,” with the accompanying wording (or “tagline”) “Meets U.S. EPA Safer Product Standards” (which is part of the label), and design were developed over many months based on input and feedback from a diverse set of stakeholders and the general public. This input and feedback included more than 1700 comments on EPA’s website, six consumer focus group sessions in three geographic markets, and a national online survey. -
Existentialism
TOPIC FOR- SEM- III ( PHIL-CC 10) CONTEMPORARY WESTERN PHILOSOPHY BY- DR. VIJETA SINGH ASSISTANT PROFESSOR P.G. DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY PATNA UNIVERSITY Existentialism Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes individual existence, freedom and choice. It is the view that humans define their own meaning in life, and try to make rational decisions despite existing in an irrational universe. This philosophical theory propounds that people are free agents who have control over their choices and actions. Existentialists believe that society should not restrict an individual's life or actions and that these restrictions inhibit free will and the development of that person's potential. History 1 Existentialism originated with the 19th Century philosopher Soren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche, but they did not use the term (existentialism) in their work. In the 1940s and 1950s, French existentialists such as Jean- Paul Sartre , Albert Camus and Simone de Beauvoir wrote scholarly and fictional works that popularized existential themes, such as dread, boredom, alienation, the absurd, freedom, commitment and nothingness. The first existentialist philosopher who adopted the term as a self-description was Sartre. Existentialism as a distinct philosophical and literary movement belongs to the 19th and 20th centuries, but elements of existentialism can be found in the thought (and life) of Socrates, in the Bible, and in the work of many pre-modern philosophers and writers. Noted Existentialists: Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) Nationality Denmark Friedrich Nietzsche(1844-1900) Nationality Germany Paul Tillich(1886-1965) Nati…United States, Germany Martin Heidegger ( 1889-1976) Nati…Germany Simone de Beauvior(1908-1986) Nati…France Albert Camus (1913-1960) Nati….France Jean Paul Sartre (1905-1980) Nati….France 2 What does it mean to exist ? To have reason. -
Does Choice Mean Freedom and Well-Being?
Swarthmore College Works Psychology Faculty Works Psychology 8-1-2010 Does Choice Mean Freedom And Well-Being? H. R. Markus Barry Schwartz Swarthmore College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-psychology Part of the Psychology Commons Let us know how access to these works benefits ouy Recommended Citation H. R. Markus and Barry Schwartz. (2010). "Does Choice Mean Freedom And Well-Being?". Journal Of Consumer Research. Volume 37, Issue 2. 344-355. DOI: 10.1086/651242 . https://works.swarthmore.edu/fac-psychology/5 This work is brought to you for free by Swarthmore College Libraries' Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Psychology Faculty Works by an authorized administrator of Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Consumer Research, Inc. Does Choice Mean Freedom and Well‐Being? Author(s): Hazel Rose Markus and Barry Schwartz Reviewed work(s): Source: Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 37, No. 2 (August 2010), pp. 344-355 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/651242 . Accessed: 23/01/2012 20:55 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. -
Annotated Books Received
ANNOTATED BOOKS RECEIVED EDITOR'S NOTE: ANTHOLOGIES In 1983 when Translation Review began its "Annotated Books Received," approximately 60 publishers were represented. Over the years, the publishing of (French) A Flea in Her Rear (or Ants in Her Pants) and other translations has become more widespread and Translation Vintage French Farces. Tr. Norman R. Shapiro. Applause Review's contacts with publishers more numerous. The Books. 1994. 479 pp. Paper: $15.95; ISBN 1-55783-165-3. journal celebrates both that growth and those contacts with "Replete with mistaken identities, concealments and sudden this first issue of a separate "Annotated Books Received revelations, jack-in-the-box irruptions, physical disorder, and assaults on logic, both situational and linguistic..." [N.S.] the Supplement," in which almost 100 publishers are plays in this collection are such noted farces as "The Castrata," represented. This listing of books sent to Translation "Signor Nicodemo," "Boubouroche, or She Dupes to Review will be published twice each year. Conquer," "A Flea in Her Rear, or Ants in Her Pants," and "For Love or Monkey." Shapiro won the 1992 ALTA Outstanding Two primary reasons for the new publication are space Translation Award for his translation of The Fabulists French. and convenience. The "Annotated Books Received" section in regular issues of Translation Review has grown (Arabic) Arabic Short Stories. Tr. Denys Johnson-Davies. to the point of dominating issue space. This new University of California Press. 1994. 216 pp. Cloth: $32.00; supplement will allow more critical discussion and reviews ISBN 0-520-08563-9. Paper: $12.00; ISBN 0-520-08944-8. -
Human Visual Motion Perception Shows Hallmarks of Bayesian Structural Inference Sichao Yang1,2,6*, Johannes Bill3,4,6*, Jan Drugowitsch3,5,7 & Samuel J
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Human visual motion perception shows hallmarks of Bayesian structural inference Sichao Yang1,2,6*, Johannes Bill3,4,6*, Jan Drugowitsch3,5,7 & Samuel J. Gershman4,5,7 Motion relations in visual scenes carry an abundance of behaviorally relevant information, but little is known about how humans identify the structure underlying a scene’s motion in the frst place. We studied the computations governing human motion structure identifcation in two psychophysics experiments and found that perception of motion relations showed hallmarks of Bayesian structural inference. At the heart of our research lies a tractable task design that enabled us to reveal the signatures of probabilistic reasoning about latent structure. We found that a choice model based on the task’s Bayesian ideal observer accurately matched many facets of human structural inference, including task performance, perceptual error patterns, single-trial responses, participant-specifc diferences, and subjective decision confdence—especially, when motion scenes were ambiguous and when object motion was hierarchically nested within other moving reference frames. Our work can guide future neuroscience experiments to reveal the neural mechanisms underlying higher-level visual motion perception. Motion relations in visual scenes are a rich source of information for our brains to make sense of our environ- ment. We group coherently fying birds together to form a fock, predict the future trajectory of cars from the trafc fow, and infer our own velocity from a high-dimensional stream of retinal input by decomposing self- motion and object motion in the scene. We refer to these relations between velocities as motion structure. -
Incoming Fifth Grade 2017 Summer Reading Our Reading Theme, in Fifth
Incoming Fifth Grade 2017 Summer Reading Our reading theme, in fifth grade, is perseverance. It is mandatory to read one of the three books listed below this summer. Each book features a courageous boy, who must persevere while facing great challenges far from home. The genre is historical fiction. Our initial discussions about literature will focus on these three books. ● Call it Courage - Armstrong Sperry ● Heart of A Samurai - Margi Preus ● Woods Runner -Gary Paulsen Summer Reading To-Do List ● Read at least four (4) books during the summer. ● Read across the genres to become a more effective reader. ● Select what you want to read, that includes comics and graphic novels, newspapers and magazines. ● Read as much non-fiction as fiction. ● Choose topics that might interest you. ● The following authors are popular with fifth graders: Rick Riordan, Erin Hunter, Tim Green, David Lubar, Suzanne Collins, Matthew Cody, D. J. McHale, Dan Gutman, and Chris Grabenstein. ● Read a series. ● Read books on the list and books not on the list. ● Send Mrs. Benditt the names of books that you would recommend. ● READ! Parent Tip: If you are in need of easier books or more challenging books, check the lists provided for either rising fourth or sixth graders. Suggestions FANTASY zz The Black Cauldron Lloyd Alexander The High King Lloyd Alexander Good Dog Avi Poppy Avi The Secret History of Tom Trueheart Ian Beck The Name of This Book is Secret Pseudonymous Bosch Redwall (series) Jacque Brian Medusa Jones Ross Collins Gregor the Overlander series Suzanne Collins Artemis Fowl (series) Eoin Colfer The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane Kate DiCamillo Powerless Matthew Cody The Maze Runner (series) James Dashner Young Wizards series Diane Duane Half Magic Edward Eager The Sea of Trolls (trilogy) Nancy Farmer Shadow Children series Margaret Peterson Haddix George's Secret Key to the Universe Lucy and Stephen Hawking Warriors series Erin Hunter The Lion, Witch and the Wardrobe C.S. -
Neri Oxman Material Ecology
ANTONELLI THE NERI OXMAN CALLS HER DESIGN APPROACH MATERIAL ECOLOGY— A PROCESS THAT DRAWS ON THE STRUCTURAL, SYSTEMIC, AND AESTHETIC WISDOM OF NATURE, DISTILLED AND DEPLOYED THROUGH COMPUTATION AND DIGITAL FABRICATION. THROUGHOUT HER TWENTY- ECOLOGY MATERIAL NERI OXMAN NERI OXMAN YEAR CAREER, SHE HAS BEEN A PIONEER OF NEW MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES, AND A CATALYST FOR DYNAMIC INTERDISCIPLINARY COLLABORATIONS. WITH THE MEDIATED MATTER MATERIAL GROUP, HER RESEARCH TEAM AT THE MIT MEDIA LAB, OXMAN HAS PURSUED RIGOROUS AND DARING EXPERIMENTATION THAT IS GROUNDED IN SCIENCE, PROPELLED BY VISIONARY THINKING, AND DISTINGUISHED BY FORMAL ELEGANCE. ECOLOGY PUBLISHED TO ACCOMPANY A MONOGRAPHIC EXHIBITION OF OXMAN’S WORK AT THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK, NERI OXMAN: MATERIAL ECOLOGY FEATURES ESSAYS BY PAOLA ANTONELLI AND CATALOGUE HADAS A. STEINER. ITS DESIGN, BY IRMA BOOM, PAYS HOMAGE TO STEWART BRAND’S LEGENDARY WHOLE EARTH CATALOG, WHICH CELEBRATED AND PROVIDED RESOURCES FOR A NEW ERA OF AWARENESS IN THE LATE 1960S. THIS VOLUME, IN TURN, HERALDS A NEW ERA OF ECOLOGICAL AWARENESS—ONE IN WHICH THE GENIUS OF NATURE CAN BE HARNESSED, AS OXMAN IS DOING, TO CREATE TOOLS FOR A BETTER FUTURE. Moma Neri Oxman Cover.indd 1-3 9.01.2020 14:24 THE NERI OXMAN MATERIAL ECOLOGY CATALOGUE PAOLA ANTONELLI WITH ANNA BURCKHARDT THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK × Silk Pavilion I Imaginary Beings: Doppelgänger Published in conjunction with the exhibition Published by Neri Oxman: Material Ecology, at The Museum of The Museum of Modern Art, New York Modern Art, New York, February 22–May 25, 2020. 11 West 53 Street CONTENTS Organized by Paola Antonelli, Senior Curator, New York, New York 10019 Department of Architecture and Design, www.moma.org and Director, Research and Development; and Anna Burckhardt, Curatorial Assistant, © 2020 The Museum of Modern Art, New York 9 FOREWORD Department of Architecture and Design Certain illustrations are covered by claims to copyright cited on page 177. -
Loom Abbreviation S JF January/February RH
Handwoven Index, 2012 – January/February 2018 Both authors and subjects are contained in the index. Keep in mind that people’s names can be either authors or subjects in an article. The column “Roving Reporters” is not indexed, nor is the “Letters” or “From the Editor,” unless it is substantial. Projects are followed by bracketed [ ] abbreviations indicating the shaft number and loom type if other than a regular floor loom. To find an article, use the abbreviations list below to determine issue and loom type. For instance, “Warped and twisted scarves. Handwoven: MJ12, 66-68 [4]” is a 4-shaft project found on pages 66-68 of the May/June 2012 issue. Issue Loom abbreviat abbreviation ions: s JF January/February RH Rigid heddle MA March/April F Frame loom MJ May/June P Peg or pin loom SO September/October C Card/tablet weave ND November/December I Inkle loom T Tapestry loom D Dobby loom 3-D weaving Weaving in 3-D. Handwoven: ND14, 63-64 A Abbarno, Luciano A weaver on the verge. Handwoven: ND12, 11 Abernathy-Paine, Ramona An Elizabethan sonnet in a shawl. Handwoven: JF14, 54-56 [10] Warped and twisted scarves. Handwoven: MJ12, 66-68 [4] absorbency Reflections on absorbency. Handwoven: SO14, 70-71 Acadian textiles Boutonné snowflake pillow. Handwoven: SO15, 67-68 [2, RH] Boutonné: an Arcadian legacy. Handwoven: SO15, 66-67 Cajun cotton. Handwoven: JF15, 66-67 Cajun-inspired cotton dish towels. Handwoven: JF15, 67-68 [4] Adams, Mark Tapestry through the ages. Handwoven: MJ15, 6 Adams, Theresa Blooming leaf runner. Handwoven: MA12, 36-37 [4] Adamson, Linda Summer and winter with a twist polka-dot towels. -
Nietzsche's Naturalism As a Critique of Morality and Freedom
NIETZSCHE’S NATURALISM AS A CRITIQUE OF MORALITY AND FREEDOM A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Nathan W. Radcliffe December, 2012 Thesis written by Nathan W. Radcliffe B.S., University of Akron, 1998 M.A., Kent State University, 2012 Approved by Gene Pendleton____________________________________, Advisor David Odell‐Scott___________________________________, Chair, Department of Philosophy Raymond Craig_____________________________________, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................................................v INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTERS I. NIETZSCHE’S NATURALISM AND ITS INFLUENCES....................................................... 8 1.1 Nietzsche’s Speculative‐Methodological Naturalism............................................ 8 1.2 Nietzsche’s Opposition to Materialism ............................................................... 15 1.3 The German Materialist Influence on Nietzsche................................................. 19 1.4 The Influence of Lange on Nietzsche .................................................................. 22 1.5 Nietzsche’s Break with Kant and Its Aftermath................................................... 25 1.6 Influences on Nietzsche’s Fatalism (Schopenhauer and Spinoza) -
The Termites' Dilemma
Originally published in EarthWatch. October-November 2002 The Termites’ Dilemma associate with a living thing: it can find Scott Turner its own food, it can digest it, it can reproduce. Identity is not so easily come by for a termite. Consider the termites that I study, the mound-building termites of southern Africa. A worker in a termite colony has no real identity. It cannot reproduce; it relies on the king and queen and a few fertile brothers and sisters for that. It cannot find food without the collective efforts of its nest-mates. It can gather food, but it cannot digest it; it relies on A termite queen surrounded by her sterile retinue special fungi they cultivate to do that. I had an epiphany a few years ago: I Even the impressive mounds these realized that there was no such thing as a termites build are, in a weird sense, termite. living structures, capturing winds to power the colony’s breathing, their My epiphany came while trying to architecture continually adjusted to meet decide whether organisms, like termites, the colony’s needs. In short, only the or mice, or cheetahs, are objects or colony, not the termites in it, can say actions? Most people, and this includes vivo ergo sum. most biologists, would be comfortable with organisms being objects, but if you think about it, that can’t be true. An organism seems objective only because it is a focal point for the work of being alive: a flow of matter and energy that we call metabolism. An organism becomes a thing only when that flow stops. -
1. What Is the Good for Human Beings? It Is “Happiness” (Greek: Eudaemonia, Also Translated As “Flourishing”)
Some key ideas in the Aristotle reading from Bks. I and II of Nicomachean Ethics: 1. What is the good for human beings? It is “happiness” (Greek: eudaemonia, also translated as “flourishing”). 2. What is “happiness”? 4 views (pp. 49-50): i) the view held by the vulgar many is that it is a life of pleasure (which Aristotle dismisses as a life suitable for beasts); ii) the view of those devoted to a political life is that it is a life of honor (objection: honor depends on the giver); iii) it consists in the possession of virtue (objection: “possession of virtue seems compatible with being asleep”); iv) it is a life devoted to “contemplation” (the study of astronomy, theology, philosophy, etc.). 3. Aristotle rejects Plato’s idea that good tomatoes, good policemen, good human beings, etc., must all have something in common that makes them good. “The good is not some common element answering to one Idea.” (p. 51) 4. Happiness is something that we always choose for itself and never for the sake of something else. Pleasure, honor, and virtue are chosen sometimes for their own sakes and sometimes for the sake of something else. (p. 52) 5. A clearer account of what happiness is will emerge if we consider what is the function (or natural goal) of human beings. (bottom p. 52) If sculptors and carpenters functions, then surely human beings do too. If a human being’s parts (e.g. eye, legs, heart) have functions, then surely a human being as a whole must have one too. -
And If .L Didn't Do
Sorryfor the conditionof this document. I almost didn't put in on thesystem, but it is an importantwork; and if .l didn'tdo it I wouldbe doingsomething less important at the moment. SteveBayne . www.hist-analytic.org META.MEDITATIOT{S: Studiesin Descartes edircdb1 Alexander Sesonsfr'eand Noel Flerrting SANTA BARBARA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA' WADSWORTH STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHICAL CRITICISM Alexander Sesonshe and, Noel Flemi.ng, Edi,tors HUMAN UNDERSTANDING: Studies philosophy in the of DavidHume J META.MEDITATIONS: Studiesin Descartes PLATO'S MENO: Texr and Criticism fnc' Wadsuorth. Publish'ing Cornparyt' BELMONT' CALIFORNIA Cogito, Ergo Sum 5l Augustine'santicipation. [t cannot be denied,of course,that the simi- COGITO, ERGO SUM: larities are striking. One may wonder, howevcr, whether they are all there is to the matter. Perhapsthere are also dissimilaritiesbetween INFERBNCB Descartesand Augustine important enough to justify or at least to ex- plain the one's reluctance to acknowledge tlrc cxtent of the other's OR PERFORMANCE?* anticipation. But we cannot tell whether thcrc is more ro Descartes's cogito, ergo sum than there is to St. Augustinc'ssirrilar f Hinti,kha argumentbe- aaho fore we cantell exactlywhat thereis to the cogittt:lrgrrmcnt. rv If there are important differences betwccn l)cscartes and his 2n predecessors,the questionwill also arisewhcthcr sonlc of thc anticipa- tions are closerthan others.For instance,Descartcs corrkl havefound l. Cogito, crgo sum as a problem. The fame (some would say the no- the principlein St. ThomasAquinas as well asin St. Augustine.Which toriety) of thc ntltgc cogito, ergo fl,rm makes one expect that scholarly of the two saintscomes closer to the cogito, ergo sum? industry hns l<lng sincc exhaustedwhatever interest it may have histor- 3.