Indian Streams Research Journal
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Vol 5 Issue 8 Nov 2015 ISSN No : 2230-7850 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Indian Streams Research Journal Executive Editor Editor-in-Chief Ashok Yakkaldevi H.N.Jagtap Welcome to ISRJ RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2230-7850 Indian Streams Research Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.Readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Mohammad Hailat Hasan Baktir Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, English Language and Literature University of South Carolina Aiken Department, Kayseri Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Abdullah Sabbagh Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Lanka Engineering Studies, Sydney Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Janaki Sinnasamy Ecaterina Patrascu Librarian, University of Malaya Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Romona Mihaila Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Spiru Haret University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Xiaohua Yang Romania PhD, USA George - Calin SERITAN Anurag Misra Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political ......More DBS College, Kanpur Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Editorial Board Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade Iresh Swami Rajendra Shendge ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil N.S. Dhaygude Head Geology Department Solapur Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur R. R. Yalikar University,Solapur Director Managment Institute, Solapur Narendra Kadu Rama Bhosale Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune Umesh Rajderkar Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Head Humanities & Social Science Panvel K. M. Bhandarkar YCMOU,Nashik Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Salve R. N. S. R. Pandya Department of Sociology, Shivaji Sonal Singh Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, University,Kolhapur Vikram University, Ujjain Mumbai Govind P. Shinde G. P. Patankar Alka Darshan Shrivastava Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Education Center, Navi Mumbai Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Rahul Shriram Sudke Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Director,Hyderabad AP India. Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune S.Parvathi Devi S.KANNAN Ph.D.-University of Allahabad Annamalai University,TN Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) Sonal Singh, Satish Kumar Kalhotra Vikram University, Ujjain Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: [email protected] Website: www.isrj.net Indian Streams Research Journal Impact Factor : 3.1560(UIF) ISSN 2230-7850 Volume - 5 | Issue - 8 | Sept - 2015 MAN-ANIMAL CONFLICT IN CHANDRAPUR DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA AND ITS RELATION WITH ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES Y Y Dudhapachare Head, Department of Geography, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Chandrapur, India. ABSTRACT Today we are living in the era of Industrialization which requires the power. Seventy percent of the world power is becoming from the thermal power project which depend on the coal. In India, about 70 percent of the total energy comes from the same source, which creates the anthropological influence on the surrounding coal which mostly is lying under the deep forest of various river valleys of India. Wardha valley coal field in the Maharashtra is an important coal field in Chandrapur district. This is a biggest district of tiger (penthera tigris tigris) population in the world. Tigers are entering in the villages, agriculture fields and even in the city of Chandrapur having 4 lakh populations. Chandrapur is because of mining activity in deep forest area. This situation increases the Man-Tiger Conflict in this area. This paper will focus on anthropogenic activities and the mining practices in the forest areas of India, its influence and related mitigation strategies. KEYWORDS :Anthropogenic activity in the forest, Man-Tiger Conflict, Mitigation strategy. INTRODUCTION : Man animal conflict is a common in the vicinity of the National Parks and animal sanctuaries worldwide and especially in the buffer forests of sanctuaries. This conflict is direct conflict between the man and animals as well as indirect as the animals destroys the crops stands in fields and do economic loss through various animal movements. All these conflicts are now becoming varied notorious as villagers and forest dwellers are killing the animals to reduce the economic loss to their agriculture. The first example of conflict between man and tiger is excavated form Harappa site (4500 years old) where evidences got that the man is climbed on the tree and tiger is seating on the ground.i The governments of various countries especially the forest and wildlife departments are trying to reduce this conflict in all the regions but miserably failed as there is a huge pressure on the limited forest areas of the world, where human activities are already increased which has brought the man and animals in front of each other. The similar story is appeared in the forest of Chandrapur district of Maharashtra, where various economic and anthropogenic activities increased in the deep forest. Available online at www.lsrj.in 1 MAN-ANIMAL CONFLICT IN CHANDRAPUR DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA AND ITS RELATION....... There is big struggle between thinking of villagers and forest department; villager sees towards the wild animals that they are worthless and only responsible for crop damage, while forest department thinks that the wilds are endangered and valuable ecological assets. It is seen worldwide that their limit of tolerance towards the crop damage from wilds is crossed. In northern Kenya, the numbers of predators killed by the villagers are equal to the number of livestock killed by the lions. The story in India is not different and pressure in mounting day by day on the forest departments to cage the beasts. So far, it is essential to enlighten and explore the villagers-forest relationship and their co-existence with wildlife. This paper will focus on all the aspects of this conflict, its consequences and mitigation strategy in Chandrapur conflict landscape. STUDY AREA: ( LOCATION OF FOREST MAP) The forest of Chandrapur is located in the state of Maharashtra state in India. The total geographical area of the district is 11443 sq. km geographical area, of which 5010 sq. km area is under forest. The district is located in eastern Maharashtra. The forests of the district are located between 18°24' to 20° 03' north latitude and 78° 30' to 80° 36' east longitudes. The forest of study area is divided into three forest divisions i.e. Chandrapur, Central Chanda and Bramhapuri forest divisions. The forests of the districts are highly productive in the concern of tiger reproduction and overpopulated tiger are always go out to other areas form this forest. The forest spreads in 15 talukas in the vicinity of 1745 Available online at www.lsrj.in 2 MAN-ANIMAL CONFLICT IN CHANDRAPUR DISTRICT OF MAHARASHTRA, INDIA AND ITS RELATION....... villages and 835 villages are very close to deep forest.ii In these villages about 69826 families are living with co association of wilds. The present image of this area is as an intensive conflict area. REVIEW OF LITERATURE: Man-Tiger conflict and Man-Animal conflict is a matter of research and mitigate to the all forest personals as well as of the victims of such conflict incidents. Various enthusiastic persons in wildlife, NGOs working in this field are also doing research to reduce the conflicts. Vidya Athreya and Aniruddha Belsare has studied the man-leopards conflicts in the state of Maharashtra and published the conflict mitigation guidelines.iii E A Jayson has studied the man -wildlife conflict in peppara wildlife sanctuary and adjacent areas.iv Govind Sagar Bhardwaj from Wildlife Institute of India has focused on the conflict situation in India especially in central India landscape.v Rahim Ali Ahamed and his co-researchers have studied human-carnivore conflict in Kanha-Achnakmar corridor of central India landscape.vi Yash Vir Singh an IFS officer from this region has studied the man-animal conflict in Gondia-Bhandara district which is adjoining forest to Chandrapur district.vii Vidya Athreya, Sanjay Thakur, Sujoy Chaudhuri, Aniruddha Belsare has studied the possibility of translocation of the wild beasts to nearby forests to reduce the man-animal conflict.viii Laurence Swanepoel has studied the conflict between leopards and ranchers in African game reserves.ix International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has also studied this conflict phenomenon worldwide and has drafted a cat action plan with the help of Kristin Nowell and Peter Jaction.x The forest department of Chandrapur has studied this phenomenon and is continuously engaged to reduce the Man-Tiger conflict in the district.