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Copyright by Polska Agencja Rozwoju Przedsiębiorczości, Warszawa 2010 REPORT ON THE CONDITION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISE SECTOR in Poland in the years 2008-2009 This is the English version of The Report on The Condition of SME Sector in Poland in The Years 2008-2009, PARP 2010. It does not include Chapter 9 Regional profiles of SMEs and attachments with statistical data as well as symbols of The Polish Classification of Activities (PKD). 1 Report on the condition of small and medium-sized enterprise sector in Poland in the years 2008-2009 The report has been prepared under supervision of Aneta Wilmańska © Copyright by Polish Agency for Enterprise Development, Warsaw 2010 Note! The numbers presented on the diagrams are written in a European format in which a coma separating decimals or hundredths should be interpreted in the same way as the decimal point used in the English language system. In the text outside diagrams all numbers are written according to the English language system, where a point serves to separate decimals or hundredths. 2 Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 Part I Situation of the small and medium-sized enterprise sector in the years 2008- 2009…………………………………………………………………………………………… 9 Chapter 1. Macroeconomic situation of Poland in 2009, Anna Tarnawa ................................ 10 Chapter 2. Share of small and medium-sized enterprises in GDP and gross value added production, Robert Zakrzewski ................................................................................................. 27 Chapter 3. Registered and active SMEs in 2008-2009, Jacek Łapiński ................................... 31 Chapter 4. The number of employed persons and average employment and remuneration in SMEs sector, Jacek Łapiński .................................................................................................... 42 Chapter 5. SMEs revenues and financial situation, Jacek Łapiński ......................................... 53 Chapter 6. Investments and fixed assets in SMEs, Jacek Łapiński .......................................... 66 Chapter 7. Small and medium-sized enterprises in the export of Poland in 2008 – 2009, Zdzisław Wołodkiewicz-Donimirski ......................................................................................... 73 Part II Role of human capital in developing entrepreneurship ......................................... 95 Chapter 9. Workers' skills and professions of the future in the light of foresight research, Joanna Orłowska .................................................................................................................... 956 Chapter 10. Monitoring the labour market in Poland as a tool for supporting the social policy, Beata Michorowska, Maja Dobrzyńska. ................................................................................ 115 Chapter 11. Effect of education on entrepreneurship and the preparation of young Poles to carry out business activity, Dorota Węcławska, Paulina Zadura-Lichota .......................... 1232 Chapter 12. Obtaining strategic information by small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland, Robert Zakrzewski .................................................................................................................. 159 Chapter 13. Improving human resources of companies as the orientation of activities funded by the European Social Fund, Maciej Szałaj .......................................................................... 170 3 Dear Readers, The Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PAED) celebrates its tenth anniversary this year. Over this time the Agency has successfully supported entrepreneurs in completion of projects related to the development and implementation of new technologies, development of human resources and development of foreign cooperation, which are all aimed at improving innovativeness and efficiency. The scale of support we have offered is reflected by the fact that in this period the Agency has concluded nearly 12 thousand support agreements for the amount of nearly PLN 8 billion, while over half a million workers have taken part in training courses and post-graduate studies co-financed from PAED resources. These actions, resulting in the improved competitive position of the economy, are mostly addressed to small and medium-sized enterprises. Support for SMEs, the Agency is focused upon, reflects the role they play in the Polish economy. SMEs sector is not only the most numerous group of companies in Poland, but also a significant employer, employing over 60% of enterprise workers in Poland and generating nearly a half of Polish GDP. This sector has considerably developed in the recent 10 years. The number of SMEs has grown by nearly 100 thousand, whereas the number of SMEs workers has grown by almost 750 thousand persons. Significance of this sector for the development of economy and social welfare is a key issue, while its growth rate indicates that this will be the case also in the future. An important role of SMEs in the domestic economy results from the relatively well- developed entrepreneurship of the Polish society. The Poles are perceived as up-and-coming individuals proud of their companies and own achievements. This inclination to take matters in own hands results in the fact that microenterprises, employing no more than one worker on average, dominate in the economy. On average, these companies are smaller than in the EU and the USA. However, the size of an enterprise does not have to be a key success-driving factor. Observations of the current transformations in the global economy indicate that traditional sources of competitive advantage become less important against completely new competitiveness factors. Economic success is achieved to an ever greater extent by small, young, innovative companies which can flexibly react to changes of the surroundings, competition and specific client requirements. Such companies are capable of rapid development. However, in order to get involved in the dynamic developmental stream, one needs to rely on innovation-oriented human capital. It seems that it is becoming the most valuable developmental factor as never before. Since 2001, the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development has been issuing an annual Report on the condition of small and medium-sized enterprise sector in Poland. Its task is to deliver a reliable and in-depth picture regarding the functioning of SMEs sector in Poland, which could be an inspiration and a valuable contribution in the discussion on the enterprises‘ functioning conditions. This edition addresses the issue of human capital. We encourage you to contact us and share your suggestions with us, so that the following editions of the Report include issues that are of greatest significance to you and inspire a vast group of our Readers to reflect on these aspects. Bożena Lublińska-Kasprzak President of the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development 4 Introduction We are presenting the thirteenth edition of the Report on the condition of small and medium- sized enterprise sector, a publication initiated by the Polish Foundation for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, which has been continued since 2001 by the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development. Similar as in the previous years, the Report is divided in two parts - a statistical one and an expert one. The first part – a statistical one – presents basic data concerning the small and medium-sized enterprise sector, as well as in-depth analyses related to the condition of particular companies and industry branches, including the comparison with large enterprises. Presented analyses have been prepared on the basis of data ordered by PAED and prepared by the Central Statistical Office. Moreover, the Report uses subsequent editions of CSO study entitled: „Operation of non-financial enterprises‖, as well as data from PONTINFO database, constructed on the basis of on the CSO data. The years 2008-2009, despite a visible global economic slowdown, were beneficial for the Polish economy. In 2008 the number of active enterprises grew – in all groups of companies and branches. Similar case was observed in 2009, when an evident recovery took place when it comes to the growth in the number of newly established companies. A decline in the number of large companies was observed in the discussed period, which may indicate negative symptoms of the economic crisis experienced by large enterprises with best- developed links with the Western European economies or the United States. In 2008 the demand on labour continued to grow, which resulted in the increased number of workers, employment rate and remuneration in the entire enterprise sector. It is worth emphasizing that the largest share in the increased number of workers was observed in small enterprises (between 10 and 49 employees). Unfortunately, data available for 2009 show a considerable slowdown of this trend and the decline in the number of workers in the enterprise sector. In 2008 the enterprises also observed favourable financial results – in the scope of total revenues, gross financial result and the values of main economic indicators: profitability, financial liquidity and debt ratios. However, these positive effects were visible mostly in the group of small companies and micro-enterprises; medium-sized and large enterprises observed a slightly deteriorated economic and financial situation. Detailed information concerning the abovementioned issues are presented in Chapters
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