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Bakalářská Diplomová Práce Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Bakalářská diplomová práce Brno 2013 Sabina Sinkovská Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav germanistiky, nordistiky a nederlandistiky Německý jazyk a literatura Sabina Sinkovská Straßennamen in Troppau Eine Übersicht mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Namensänderungen Bakalářská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Vlastimil Brom, Ph.D. 2013 Ich erkläre hiermit, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbständig und nur mit Hilfe der angegebenen Literatur geschrieben habe. Brünn, den 18. 5. 2013 …………..………………………………….. An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei dem Betreuer meiner Arbeit für seine Bereitwilligkeit und nützlichen Ratschläge herzlich bedanken. Inhalt 1 Einleitung .............................................................................................................................................. 8 2 Onomastik ............................................................................................................................................ 9 2.1 Die Klassifizierung von Eigennamen .............................................................................................. 9 3 Die Toponomastik................................................................................................................................. 9 4 Die Entwicklung der tschechischen Straßennamen ........................................................................... 11 4.1 Veränderungen von Straßennamen ............................................................................................ 12 4.2 Geschichte der wissenschaftlichen Erforschung der tschechischen Toponyme ......................... 13 4.3 Die Auswertung der Eigennamen in der Dialektologie ............................................................... 15 5. Namen von deutschen Verkehrswegen und Plätzen ........................................................................ 16 5.1 Benennungsmotive und Namenbildung ...................................................................................... 17 5.2 Typen der Namenbildung ............................................................................................................ 17 5.3 Übersicht der Straßenbenennungen in Chemnitz, Dresden und Leipzig .................................... 18 5.4 Beziehung zu Siedlungsnamen .................................................................................................... 20 5.5 Namen in städtischen Siedlungen: Methodische Fallbeispiele ................................................... 20 5.6 Nutzen der Erforschung der Verkehrswegenamen ..................................................................... 20 5.7 Mikrotoponymie: Haus-, Straßen-, Viertels- und Flurnamen ...................................................... 21 5.8 Straßennamen als verstecktes Politikum .................................................................................... 21 5.9 Fünfundzwanzig Zeichen, inklusive Zwischenräume ................................................................... 22 5.10 Straßennamen – das „Gedächtnis einer Stadt“ ......................................................................... 23 5.11 Wer macht die deutschen Straßennamen?............................................................................... 23 6 Troppau .............................................................................................................................................. 23 6. 1 Die Geschichte von Troppau ...................................................................................................... 23 6.2 Troppau nach dem Dreißigjährigen Krieg .................................................................................... 24 6.3 Die deutsche Bevölkerung in Troppau ........................................................................................ 25 6.4 Entwicklung der Platz- und Straßennamen in Troppau ............................................................... 26 6.5 Die Troppauer Straßennamen ..................................................................................................... 27 7 Aus der Geschichte der Troppauer Straßen und der Straßenbenennungen ..................................... 28 7.1 Pekařská (Bäckengasse) ............................................................................................................... 28 7.2 Sněmovní (Niederring) ................................................................................................................ 29 7.3 Horní náměstí (Oberring) ............................................................................................................ 30 7.4 Solná (Salzgasse) .......................................................................................................................... 31 7.5 Na Valech (Judengasse) ............................................................................................................... 31 7.6 Hrnčířská (Töpfergasse) ............................................................................................................... 32 7.7 Masarykova třída (Herrengasse) ................................................................................................. 33 7.8 Matiční (Pechring) ....................................................................................................................... 34 7.9 Englišova (Komendaweg) ............................................................................................................ 34 7.10 nám. Republiky (Heumarkt) ...................................................................................................... 35 7.11 Krnovská (Jaktargasse) .............................................................................................................. 36 7.12 Praskova (Johannitergasse) ....................................................................................................... 37 7.13 Dolní náměstí (Niederring) ........................................................................................................ 38 7.14 Zámecký okruh (Teschnerstrasse) ............................................................................................. 38 7.15 U Synagogy (Ignaz Beneschgasse) ............................................................................................. 39 7.16 Lidická ........................................................................................................................................ 39 7.17 Přemyslovců .............................................................................................................................. 40 7.18 Náměstí Sv. Hedviky (Am Friedhof) ........................................................................................... 40 7.19 Hlavní (Gilschwitzer Hauptstrasse) ............................................................................................ 41 8 Ausgewählte weitere Troppauer Straßen ohne Namensänderungen ............................................... 42 8.1 Ostrožná (Spergasse) ................................................................................................................... 42 8.2 Mezi trhy (Zwischen Märkten) .................................................................................................... 43 8.3 Masařská ..................................................................................................................................... 43 8.4 Olomoucká .................................................................................................................................. 44 9 Die Troppauer Stadteile und Gemeinden ........................................................................................... 45 9.1 Die Troppauer Stadteile .............................................................................................................. 45 9.2 Die Troppauer Gemeinden .......................................................................................................... 46 10 Schluss .............................................................................................................................................. 47 12 Literaturverzeichnis .......................................................................................................................... 48 12.1 Internetquellen .......................................................................................................................... 49 1 Einleitung In meiner Arbeit beschäftige ich mich mit den Straßennamen in der schlesischen Stadt Troppau (Opava), wie sie sich im Verlauf der Geschichte entwickelt haben, wie sie umbenannt wurden, wobei natürlich auch die deutschen Benennungen behandelt werden. Erst fange ich mit allgemeinen Angaben an. Ich stelle die wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen knapp vor, die sich mit den Namen befassen: die Onomastik, die sich mit Eigennamen allgemeine befasst und insbesondere ihre Teildisziplin, die Toponomastik, die die geographischen Namen untersucht. Weiter beschreibe ich, wie sich allgemein die tschechischen Straßennamen entwickelt haben, wonach oder nach wem die Straßen benannt werden. Dann erläutere ich, wie die Straßennamen verändert wurden und welche Ursachen dazu geführt haben. Dann erwähne ich die Geschichte von Straßennamen und konzentriere mich auf die deutschen Straßennamen über. Es wird gezeigt, worin die Unterschiede zwischen tschechischen und deutschen Straßenbenennungen liegen und worin sie gleich sind. In dem praktischen Teil widme ich mich konkreter der schlesischen Stadt Troppau. In diesem Zusammenhang thematisiere
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