Born on the Land with Helping Hands

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THE INUIT WOMEN’S GUIDE TO A HEALTHY PREGNANCY

Through the wisdom of the past—encompassing the present and delivering the future. Preserving Inuit Women Midwifery Practices the Inuit Way. Congratulations!

You are going to have a baby! It will be a wonderful experience. You are probably very excited and also a little

nervous. It’s a big step and will cause

many changes in your life. This

calendar is one way to help both

frst-time mothers and more experienced

mothers prepare for the arrival of your baby and to make sure you are both healthy and happy!

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Inuit women have been giving birth to babies since, well, since there were Inuit. While our ancestors didn’t have If you are reading this calendar, chances are you have pregnancy calendars or doctors to help them, they often already entered the first stage of pregnancy. The had other experts on hand—midwives. These Inuit women 9-month pregnancy period is divided into three were experienced in helping deliver healthy babies. sections or trimesters, each three months long. Their special knowledge was passed down from mother to daughter, from grandmother to granddaughter. This Your ﬁrst trimester is the most important in terms of knowledge has helped Inuit women have healthy preg- We hope this the healthy development of your baby. Your baby’s major nancies and to give birth to healthy babies the Inuit organs and systems are forming. You may not look pregnant, way, keeping an important part of our culture alive. but your body is going through changes as you begin to st calendar will nourish the baby. You may become more emotional and trimester Pauktuutit Inuit Women of Canada, with the generous have mood swings. You might feel nauseous in the morning. be useful as a sup port of the First Nations and Inuit Health Branch of You may need to rest more. Don’t worry—these are all 1 Health Canada, felt it was time to produce a special preg- normal and healthy signs. journal of your nancy calendar for Inuit women. The calendar includes important medical information and describes the devel- During the second trimester, your body adjusts to the pregnancy. opment of the baby as it is grows in your womb. What pregnancy and you may feel better and have more energy. makes this calendar uniquely yours is that it contains You won’t suffer from the same mood swings and your nd trimester There is a important and helpful information that Inuit midwives swelling stomach will show that you are pregnant. You may have known for thousands of years. This knowledge is even feel the baby moving around. 2 section at the unique, it is Inuit, and it is yours. The calendar also contains important nutritional infor - In the third trimester, the baby is growing and developing rapidly. You may feel some discomfort as the baby back to record mation that will help you make sure your body has what shifts around. If this is your rst baby, you may be a little it needs to nurture a healthy baby. Your calendar also anxious and have lots of questions. Talk to your midwife, rd information includes tips on how to get the nutrition you need from an experienced mother and your health care provider. 3trimester country foods. If you get a craving for some candy, try They’ll know what you’re going through and can answer that you can some dried caribou instead! your questions.

share with We hope this calendar will be useful as a journal of your pregnancy. There is a section at the back to record infor- Traditional Knowledge mation that you can share with your children when they your children Traditionally,the news of a pregnancy was greeted get older. withgreat joy. Pregnant women and nursing when they You’re at the beginning of a remarkable journey, one mothersled a healthy lifestyle with lots of physical shared by all Inuit mothers before you. There are many activityand a nutritious diet. In fact, there was get older. things you will need to know about. Don’t be afraid to oftenlittle change in the level of activity a pregnant ask your relatives, friends or midwife for information. It is womanhad until quite late in the pregnancy. also important to get regular checkups with your health Keepingactive was seen as essential to promoting care provider. Together, the knowledge and quicklabour and ensuring that the placenta did experience these people have will help you not‘stick in the womb’. Family would support have a safe and happy pregnancy. thepregnant woman to help ease her burden. WHEN WILL YOUR BABY BE BORN?

Pregnancies are normally 9 months

long but most health care professionals

understand the length to be 40 weeks.

Because most women don’t know the

exact date of conception (when the

pregnancy started), health care providers generally date the pregnancy from the first day

of a woman’s last period. This

method generally adds two weeks to the

length of the pregnancy as conception

takes places during ovulation, which

occurs about two weeks after the first

day of the last menstrual cycle.

HOW TO USE THIS CALENDAR TO ESTIMATE WHEN YOUR BABY WILL BE BORN, USE THE FOLLOWING This calendar is different than regular SIMPLE FORMULA: calendars as it is designed to fit your 1. What was the first day of your last pregnancy alone. menstrual period? If you don’t know To start, on the ﬁrst page of for sure, give it your best guess. the actual calendar, 1 fill 2. Deduct three calendar months from in the first week with the that date, then add one week and month and the first day of one year. your last period. Then the EXAMPLE second week would follow 1 in the next row and so on. 2 First day of your last 2 Use the spaces provided menstrual period ¿ May 10, 2007 1 to help keep track of how 2 Subtract three ¿ May 10 – April, you are feeling, if you notice 1 months March, and February any changes, and any ques- 2 = February 10 tions you might have for 1 your health care provider. 2 Add one week ¿ February 17 It is a good idea to take Add one year ¿ An arrival the calendar with you date of about when you are visiting the health care February 17, 2008 provider to remind you of any questions you have and to let the health care provider see how you are progressing. This will give you an idea of when To help you keep track your baby will be born. It is not exact and it is normal for the baby to arrive a couple of important telephone 3 numbers, there is a section in of weeks early or later. If this is your first baby, the middle of the calendar you have a greater chance of having your 3 to put the numbers of baby a little later than sooner. the health centre, your midwife and other numbers you h might ﬁnd handy. st

1tri mestermestertri AT THE E ND OF 4 WEEKS

“ Today …it see ms that people drink much too much. Inuit should not be using alcohol at NUTRITION all; it isn’t a part of Your ﬁrst tri mester is t he m ost critical our tra ditional way of for your baby. S m o ki ng, dri n ki n g alc o h ol, a n d t a ki n g life and it has played a ill e g al dr u gs will h ar m y o ur ma jor part in lives lost b a by f or lif e. R e m e m b er, what you eat, drink and in Inuit co m munities, breat he directly affects your baby’s develop ment. especially a mong As k y o ur h e alt h c ar e pr o vi d er T h e f ertiliz e d about starting a good mul- young people.” egg that will beco me tivit a mi n wit h mi n er als. St ay your baby is no w dividing rapidly and h e alt hy f or y o ur b a by’s s a k e. A N NI E O K A LI K, A N E L D E R f or ms a gr o wi n g cl ust er of c ells as it enters your uterus. The mass of cells F R O M N U N A V U T. divides up int o special functi ons such as pl ac e nt a, e m br y o, a m ni otic s ac etc.

B a c k u p a page f or

ideas on ho w baby myour har can drinking and moking s t o us e t his 4 c al e n d ar. weeks 1 to

1 U p d a t e — Every preg n a ncy is u ni q ue a n d b a bies develo p slig htly differe ntly. month: dates:

2 U p d a t e — T he egg is o nly . 1 3 m m lo ng a n d is fertilize d wit hi n 2 4 h o urs of ov ul atio n. Y o u’r e pr e g n a nt! month: dates:

3 U p d a t e — T he fertilize d egg is n o w divi di ng r a pi dly a n d f or ms a gr o wi ng cl uster of cells as it e nters y o ur uter us. month: dates:

4 U p d a t e — Yo u misse d y o ur ﬁrst perio d. T he m ass of cells h as divi de d u p i nt o s peci al f u nctio ns s uc h as pl ace nt a, e m bry o, a m niotic s ac, etc. month: dates:

Inuit did not have access t o t obacco or S moking reduces the a mount of oxygen your baby gets alcohol until they ca me into contact a n d c a us es m or e e ar i nf ecti o ns, c ol ds a n d br e at hi n g pr o - wit h E ur o p e a ns. Tr a diti o n ally, pr e g n a nt bl e ms l at er i n lif e. Alc o h ol c a us es F et al Alc o h ol S p ectr u m wo men were encouraged to be active Dis or d er l e a di n g t o birt h d ef ects, br ai n d a m a g e, l o w birt h TRADITIONAL MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE and healthy throughout their pregnan- TERMS w ei g hts etc. Ill e g al dr u gs c a us e m a ny dif ﬁc ult pr o bl e ms cies. Wo men continued to collect and f or y o ur b a by t h at will aff ect its w h ol e lif e. pr e p ar e f o o d, l o o k aft er t h eir f a mili es a n d tr av el ri g ht u p u ntil t h ey g av e birt h. st

1tri mestermestertri AT THE E ND OF 8 WEEKS

During her pregnancy years ago, Clara Etok, an elder fro m Kangiq- NUTRITION E ati n g w ell a n d sualujuaq, was disap- getting enough vit a mi ns will h el p pointed that she was your baby gro w to be strong and denied qiaq, the outer h e alt h y. The Nunavut part of seal intestine Food Guide suggests eating t h e f oll o wi n g s er vi n gs and “the best part of (about a handful) per day: ◉ Fr uit a n d v e g gi es — the seal”. So me foods 5 or m or e Your baby is starting to develop its ◉ Gr ai n pr o d ucts — 5 t o 1 0 were considered taboo eyes, ears and mouth. Major organs ar e f or mi n g — h e art, l u n gs, liv er a n d ◉ Mil k a n d alt er nativ es — 2 t o 4 for pregnant wo men. kidneys. The baby is in a curled up or ◉ M eat a n d alt er nativ es — 2 t o 4 “f et al” p ositi o n.

weeks 5 to baby myour 8 har can drinking and moking s

5 U p d a t e — E m bry o is o nly 2 m m lo ng, h as a he a d a n d t ail. S pi ne a n d br ai n are st arti ng t o develo p. month: dates:

6 U p d a t e — T he e m bry o is begi n ni ng t o f or m eyes, e ars a n d m o ut h. M ajor org a ns are begi n ni ng t o f or m. month: dates:

7 U p d a t e — T he e m bry o is a b o ut t he size of y o ur t h u m b n ail. N o w c alle d a fet us, he rese m bles a c o m m a wit h his he a d o n his c hest. month: dates:

8 U p d a t e —F aci al fe at ures are m ore de ﬁ ne d, m ajor org a ns are f or me d b ut n ot f ully develo pe d, ﬁ ng ers a n d t oes are begi n ni ng t o f or m. month: dates:

Pregnant wo men were encouraged to eat a Y o u m ay f e el sic k i n t h e m or ni n g or ot h er h e alt hy a n d v ari e d di et s uc h as m e at, ﬁs h, f ats, ti m es t hr o u g h o ut t h e d ay. T his is k n o w n s e a w e e d, e g gs etc. T h ey w er e disc o ur a g e d fr o m as “ m or ni n g sic k n ess” a n d is c a us e d by e ati n g a g e d f o o d or t o o m a ny b erri es as t h es e h or m o n al c h a n g es i n y o ur b o dy. T his is TRADITIONAL MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE c o ul d c a us e disc o mf ort. TERMS n or m al a n d g e n er ally dis a p p e ars by t h e s ec o n d tri m est er. Tal k t o y o ur h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er if it c o nti n u es or is s ev er e. st

1tri mestermestertri AT THE E ND OF 12 WEEKS

“ Eat lots of country NUTRITION foods to keep your Country foods iron up. Tuktu and contain many i mportant vita mins. seal has lots of iron.” ◉ Vit a mi n B – Arctic c h ar, s e al, w alr us, liv er. DI A N E TI K T A K ◉ Calciu m – Cooked ﬁsh FR O M RA NKI N I NLET. b o n es, s h ell ﬁs h, m arr o w fr o m c ari b o u, s e a w e e d, pl a nts li k e will o w, m o u n- t ai n s orr el ( q u n g uliit) ◉ Ir o n – G o os e, d uc k, s e al, The e mbryo is no w called a fetus. w alr us, c ari b o u, r a b bit, Fingers and t oes are starting t o f or m. By t h e 1 2t h w e e k, y o ur b a by is st arti n g pt ar mi g a n, m uss els a n d to look more hu man and is starting s e al liv er. t o m ov e.

weeks 9 to 12baby myour har can drinking and moking s

9 U p d a t e — Eyes are n o w develo pe d c o m pletely, t here is s o me e arly m ove me nt b ut t o o little f or y o u t o feel. month: dates:

10 U p d a t e — T he i n ner e ar h as f or me d a n d t he o uter p art is still develo pi ng. L u ngs a n d ki d neys are als o develo pi ng. month: dates:

11 U p d a t e — H air is st arti ng t o gr o w a n d t he pl ace nt a a n d u m bilic al c or d are c o m pletely f or me d a n d f u nctio ni ng. month: dates:

12 U p d a t e — F et us l o o ks li k e s m all b a b y. Yo ur bre asts are i ncre asi ng i n size t o be re a dy t o bre astfee d t he b a by. month: dates:

A tr a diti o n al I n uit di et i ncl u d e d l ar g e S o m eti m es it c a n b e dif ﬁc ult t o h av e a h e alt hy a m o u nts of a ni m al f at a n d bl u b b er. Fis h di et. E at a v ari ety of f o o ds a n d dri n k l ots of oil a n d m ari n e m a m m al bl u b b er ar e ric h w at er a n d fr uit j uic es. Te a is als o g o o d if it is n ot s o urc es of O m e g a 3 f atty aci ds, a n i m p or- too strong. So me herbal teas can have a nega- TRADITIONAL MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE tant factor in the healthy develop ment of TERMS tive effect on you so check wit h your healt h y o ur b o dy. C h ec k wit h y o ur l oc al h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er. c ar e pr ovi d er f or s af e a m o u nts of m ari n e m a m m al bl u b b er t o e at. nd 2tri mestertrimester AT THE E ND OF 16 WEEKS

“I used to watch wo men in labour, I didn’t get o icially educated but I learned fro m watching and MEDICAL experiencing birth TERMS myself and as I went A n ultr as o u n d is a m e dic al along in assisting other pr oc ess t h at all o ws y o u t o s e e t h e b a by i n y o ur ut er us. wo men having babies.” It is a n i m p ort a nt t o ol f or So me of the changes c h ec ki n g o n t h e siz e, h e alt h A N NIE SALT UK, y o u will n otic e i n t h e s ec o n d tri m est er a n d p ositi o n of t h e b a by. are that your baby is beginning to A N ELDER FR O M TAL OY OAK. “sho w” in your gro wing sto mach area, a n d y o ur m or ni n g sic k n ess a n d m o o di- n ess s h o ul d f a d e.

weeks 13 to 1baby myour 6har can drinking and moking s

13 U p d a t e — B a by is n o w f ully f or me d b ut n ot everyt hi ng is wor ki ng yet. It me as ures a b o ut 7. 5 c m. month: dates:

14 U p d a t e — B a by h as d o u ble d his weig ht t o a b o ut 6 5 gr a ms i n t he l ast wee k. S mil es a n d fr o w ns c a n n o w b e d et e ct e d. month: dates:

15 U p date — The baby’s ears have developed enough to hear voices and noises. month: dates:

16 U p d a t e — T he b a by h as gr o w n t o 1 5 c m i n le ngt h a n d weig hs a b o ut 1 1 3 gr a ms. H air o n t he he a d a n d eye br o ws begi ns t o gr o w. month: dates:

F or extr a n utriti o n, a d d dri e d fr uit t o b a n- Inuit wo men, and so me men on occa- n oc k. I n c ari b o u or s e al st e ws, a d d s o m e si o n, l e ar n e d t o b ec o m e mi d wiv es by extr a fr es h or fr oz e n v e g et a bl es. I n ﬁs h w atc hi n g t h eir gr a n d m ot h er, m ot h er or s o u ps, t hr o w i n s o m e s pi n ac h or dri e d a u nts h el pi n g wit h t h e d eliv er y of a b a by. NUTRITION TRADITIONAL s e a w e e d f or a n extr a n utriti o n al b o ost. KNOWLEDGE Eventually, the young wo man would be asked to help and they would gain more experience and kno wledge with each birt h t h ey assist e d wit h. nd 2tri mestermestertri AT THE E ND OF 20 WEEKS

“I try to make sure the wo man is co mfortable with me. If she feels shy with me I would MEDICAL leave. If for any reason TERMS they didn’t want me, I You may experience occa- si o n al s h ar p s u d d e n p ai n would respect their once in a while when you laugh or move suddenly. wishes. It would make Us u ally, t his is j ust y o ur b o dy str etc hi n g as y o ur the birth a lot more dif- b a by gr o ws. T h es e p ai ns s h o ul d g o a w ay q uic kly. icult if the wo man was If t h ey d o n’t a n d ar e p er- sist e nt, l et y o ur h e alt h not co mfortable”. c ar e pr ovi d er k n o w. BETTY PIRJ UA Q, A N ELDER FR O M BAKER LAKE, SPEAKI N G AB O UT By t h e e n d of t h e 2 0t h w e e k, y o u will be half way through your pregnancy! HER EXPERIE N CE AS A MID WIFE.

weeks 17 to 2baby myour 0har can drinking and moking s

17 U p d a t e — Yo ur b a by is n o w 1 8 c m lo ng a n d h as f ully f or me d li m bs, s ki n, a n d m uscles. month: dates:

18 U p d a t e — At a b o ut 2 0 c m i n le ngt h, t he b a by’s m ove me nts are g etti ng str o ng e n o ug h f or t he m ot her a n d ot hers t o feel. month: dates:

19 U p d a t e — Yo ur b a by’s st o m ac h is pre p are d t o a bs or b ﬂ ui d a n d t he ki d neys are pre p ari ng t o g o t o wor k t o o. month: dates:

20 U p d a t e — T he b a by is gr o wi ng q uic kly n o w a n d is a b o ut 2 5. 5 c m i n le ngt h a n d weig hs 3 4 0 gr a ms. M ove me nts are g etti ng str o ng er. month: dates:

T h er e m ay b e s o m e p oll ut a nts i n c o u ntr y f o o d b ut Tr a diti o n al w ays of pr e p ari n g f o o d m ost ex p erts f e el it is m uc h b ett er t o e at c o u ntr y h el p e d i ncr e as e t h e r a n g e of ﬂ a - f o o d t h a n t o av oi d it. S el ect c o u ntr y f o o ds ric h i n v o urs as w ell as t h e n utriti o n of f atty aci ds b ut h av e l ess c o nt a mi n a nts i n t h e m —c h ar, c o u ntr y f o o ds. R a w, fr o ze n, st e w e d, NUTRITION TRADITIONAL c ari b o u, misir a q ma d e fr o m s eal bl u b b er ( n ot b el uga). KNOWLEDGE a g e d a n d dri e d — all diff er e nt w ays As k y o ur l ocal h ealt h car e pr ovi d er f or m or e i nf or mati o n. of pr e p ari n g g o o d n utriti o us f o o d t h e tr a diti o n al w ay. nd 2tri mestermestertri AT THE E ND OF 24 WEEKS

“ A birthing assistant needs to be patient and

caring to wards other MEDICAL people. hey must also TERMS You may experience a nu m- be able to talk about b er of u nc o mf ort a bl e si d e things that may see m aff ects of y o ur pr e g n a ncy d uri n g t his p eri o d. I n di g es- e mbarrassing, be ti o n, bl o ati n g, c o nsti p ati o n, backaches, and so me nau- strong, and to be able Y o ur ba by will b e a bl e t o st art h ear - s e a ar e n or m al b ut if t h er e ing and may even ju mp at certain is a n u n us u al a m o u nt of a ny to work very hard”. noises. You may be able to of t h es e sy m pt o ms, l et y o ur hear the baby’s heart no w. Your h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er a n d LE NA KI NG MIA QT UA, A N ELDER b a by’s m aj or or g a ns will b e w ell mi d wif e k n o w. FR O M TAL OY OAK, DESCRIBI NG developed during this period. He or she will gro w to about T HE C HARACTERISTICS OF 454 gra ms (one pound) during BIRT HI N G ASSISTA NTS. t his m o nt h al o n e.

weeks 21 to 2baby myour har 4can drinking and moking s

U p d a t e — T he b a by n o w weig hs a b o ut 4 5 0 gr a ms a n d his or her s ki n is re d a n d wri n kly. 21 His i m m u ne syste m is bec o mi ng m ore active. month: dates:

U p d a t e — T he b a by is n o w a b o ut h alf as lo ng as he will be w he n he’s b or n. 22 He is c o ate d i n v er ni x , a w axy s u bst a nce t h at pr otects his s ki n fr o m t he ﬂ ui d i n t he uter us. month: dates:

P h ot o gr a p h er V. T o ny H a us er. E arly 1 9 8 4.

23 U p d at e —The baby’s reﬂexes are getting stronger and he or she m ay respon d to lo u d noises fro m o utsi de. month: dates:

24 U p d a t e — M ost vit al org a ns are ne arly f ully develo pe d, m uscles are develo pi ng q uic kly a n d t he m ai n org a ns are well develo pe d. month: dates:

H av e a cr avi n g f or a c ert ai n f o o d? Y o ur b o dy Keeping active was considered to be c o ul d b e t elli n g y o u it n e e ds s o m et hi n g. Y o u ar e a r e m e dy f or c o nsti p ati o n i n pr e g n a nt e ati n g f or t w o n o w s o y o u n e e d m or e f o o d t h a n w o m e n. F or h e art b ur n, s m all a m o u nts nor mal. Try and eat healt hy snacks t hat add extra of fr oz e n c ari b o u or ﬁs h c a n r eli ev e NUTRITION TRADITIONAL n utriti o n a n d vit a mi ns. Dri e d c ari b o u or c h ar ar e KNOWLEDGE t h e sy m pt o ms. gr e at s n ac ks. S o ar e fr es h fr uit a n d v e g et a bl es. 3 rd tri mestertrimester AT THE E ND OF 28 WEEKS

“In those days, before TRADITIONAL they had co ton threads, KNOWLEDGE they would use sine w. So me Inuit believed that a b a by h a d t o s e e li g ht at t h e hey used the muscles e n d of t h e birt h p ass a g e b ef or e it w o ul d c o m e o ut. of the caribou leg be- R e b ecc a Qits u ali k, a n el d er fr o m P o n d I nl et, t ells h o w cause even if it da mp- d uri n g a dif ﬁc ult birt h “I ens, it wouldn’t co me was so annoyed with the doctor who was ahead of loose.” m e... I t ol d hi m t o g et a w ay fr o m m e b ec a us e REBECCA QITS UALIK, A N ELDER we were told not to have FR O M P O ND I NLET, DESCRIBI NG s o m e o n e i n fr o nt of y o u H O W I N T HE PAST T HEY USED T HE Your baby’s lungs are developing because it can har m the M USCLES OF T HE CARIB O U LE G a n d its b o dy siz e is c atc hi n g u p wit h b a by d uri n g d eliv er y.” the size of the head. Eyelids and T O BI ND T HE U MBILICAL C ORD. n ostrils ar e o p e n a n d t h e a bility t o s e e a n d t ast e ar e d ev el o pi n g.

weeks 2 5 to baby 28 myour har can drinking and moking s

25 U p d a t e — Yo ur b a by weig hs a b o ut 8 6 0 gr a ms. T he b o nes are g etti ng ﬁr mer a n d t he b o dy is c atc hi ng u p t o t he he a d i n size. month: dates:

26 U p d a t e — T he b a by is begi n ni ng t o st ore s o me f at. His l u ngs are m at uri ng. month: dates:

27 U p dat e — The b aby’s nostrils an d eyes are opening. The brain is beco ming more active and co mplex. month: dates:

28 Update — The baby is beco ming more active every day! month: dates:

W hil e m ost pr e g n a nci es ar e wit h o ut Av oi d “j u n k f o o d” t h at is hi g h i n f at, s alt a n d pr o bl e ms, t h er e ar e s o m e w ar ni n g s u g ar. C hi ps, p o p a n d c a n dy mi g ht b e a f ast si g ns t h at y o u s h o ul d l o o k o ut f or. snack, but they don’t have what is needed for Y o u s h o ul d r e p ort a ny bl e e di n g or a h e alt hy pr e g n a ncy. Als o, tr y a n d e at a v ari ety MEDICAL NUTRITION TERMS u n us u al disc h ar g e t o y o ur h e alt h of h e alt hy f o o d t o m a k e s ur e y o u ar e g etti n g c ar e pr ovi d er. As w ell, a ny p ai n or all t h e n utriti o n y o u n e e d. disc o mf ort t h at l asts a l o n g ti m e should be mentioned. 3 rd tri mestertrimester AT THE E ND OF 32 WEEKS

“ he tradition in those days was to build a ne w birthing TRADITIONAL igloo for the labour KNOWLEDGE and delivery just A c hil d i n t h e w o m b w o ul d oft e n b e n a m e d aft er a prior to a wo man d ec e as e d r el ativ e. I n s o m e ar e as, t h e b a by w o ul d b e giving birth n a m e d aft er s o m e o n e still M A B E L K O O T O O, aliv e. It w as b eli ev e d t h at by n a mi n g t h e c hil d aft er A N E L D E R F R O M T A L O Y O A K. a p ers o n, t h e c hil d w o ul d h av e s o m e of t h e s a m e c h ar act eristics as t h at p er- Y o ur b a by will b e gi n t o d ev elo p its s o n. M a ny I n uit t o d ay o w n i m m u n e syst e m. T h eir ﬁ n g er n ails c o nti n u e t his pr a cti c e. have for med and are gro wing. By week 32, the baby is getting into p ositi o n f or birt h, m ost li k ely wit h its h e a d d o w n t o w ar ds y o ur p elvis.

weeks 2 9 to 3baby myour har can drinking 2 and moking s

29 U p d a t e — Yo ur uter us is j ust a b o ut as f ull as it is g oi ng t o g et. T he b a by will n o w c o nti n ue t o g ai n a b o ut 2 0 0g a n d gr o w 1c m e ac h wee k. month: dates:

30 U p d a t e — T he b a by will rest m ore i n t he “fet al ” p ositio n —c urle d u p wit h his k nees be nt, ar ms a n d legs cr osse d a n d c hi n o n c hest. month: dates:

31 U p d a t e —S o me of t he w axy c o ati ng (ver nix) will be lost n o w a n d t he b a by is p utti ng o n m ore weig ht. month: dates:

32 U p d a t e — Yo ur bre asts m ay st art pr o d uci ng s m all a m o u nts of c ol ostr u m , a f or m of milk t h at is very ric h i n a nti b o dies a n d n utrie nts. month: dates:

You may experience irregular contrac- Dri n ki n g l ots of w at er h el ps y o ur b o dy g et ri d of ti o ns ar o u n d y o ur st o m ac h ar e a. T h ey ar e waste, keeps you fro m getting dehydrated and us u ally n ot p ai nf ul b ut c a n b e u nc o m - m a k es s ur e y o ur b a by is c o mf ort a bl e a n d g etti n g f ort a bl e. T h es e ar e s o m eti m es c all e d w h at it n e e ds. Fr uit a n d v e g et a bl e j uic es wit h o ut MEDICAL NUTRITION TERMS f als e la b o ur or Br axt o n Hic ks c o ntr acti o ns a d d e d s u g ar ar e gr e at. Av oi d p o p as it c o nt ai ns a n d ar e q uit e n or m al. If y o u c o nti n u e things that your body doesn’t need. t o get t hese contractions, contact your h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er. 3 rd tri mestertrimester AT THE E ND OF 36 WEEKS

“ Ne w mothers need to suckle their babies right after birth to help the m get their milk lo wing well”. TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE L E N A W O L KI E, A N E L D E R F R O M S A C H S H A R B O U R. Br e astf e e di n g w as t h e o nly o pti o n tr a diti o n ally av ail- a bl e f or I n uit. S o m eti m es br e astf e e di n g c a n l e a d t o s or e ni p pl es. A tr a diti o n al s ol uti o n t o s or e ni p pl es w as t o r u b b e ar d e d s e al As y o u g et n e ar er t o t h e birt h d at e, oil mix e d wit h w at er o n your baby may change position and “ dr o p” i nt o y o ur p elvis as it pr e p ar es t h e ni p pl e. f or birt h. F or ﬁrst pr e g n a n ci es, t his “lightening” usually takes place about t w o w e e ks b ef or e birt h.

weeks 33 to 3baby myour har can 6 drinking and moking s

33 U p d a t e — T he b a by is m ovi ng s o his he a d is p oi nti ng d o w n. T his is t h e n or m al p ositi o n f or birt h. month: dates:

34 U p date — The baby can no w tell the difference bet ween light and dark. month: dates:

35 U p d a t e — Yo ur b a by is n o w p utti ng o n m ore weig ht a n d h air is gr o wi ng o n his or her he a d. month: dates:

U p d a t e — Yo ur b a by is develo pe d e n o ug h t o s urvive o n his o w n if he h a d t o. 36 Org a ns are al m ost c o m pletely develo pe d a n d t he b a by’s b o dy is perfectly f or me d. month: dates:

C ol ustr u m is t h e y ell o wis h mil k T h er e ar e m a ny b e n e fits t o br e astf e e di n g. m a d e i n t h e first f e w d ays of Y o ur mil k h as t h e p erf ect b al a nc e of n u- br e astf e e di n g. It is v er y ric h i n triti o n t h at y o ur b a by n e e ds. As w ell, it n utri e nts a n d h el ps pr ot ect y o ur h el ps y o u f or m a cl os e b o n d wit h y o ur ba by, Getting Ready MEDICAL NUTRITION TERMS b a by fr o m i nf ecti o n. Y o u m ay it’s al w ays av ail a bl e, it’s cl e a n, d o es n’t Y o ur b a b y will b e b or n i n a f e w w e e ks. st art pr o d uci n g s o m e of t his hav e t o b e h eat e d u p a n d it’s fr e e! M ot h er’s Ti m e t o g et s o m e t hi n gs or g a niz e d. fl ui d a f e w w e e ks b ef or e birt h. mil k is t h e b est f o o d f or y o ur b a by. S o m e hi nts : if y o u ar e n’t h avi n g y o ur b a by at h o m e, pr e p ar e a b a g t o t a k e wit h y o u f or t h e d eliv er y. Arr a n g e f or s o m e h el p w h e n y o u g et h o m e s o y o u c a n r est a n d e nj oy y o ur b a by. 3 rd tri mestertrimester AT THE E ND OF 40 WEEKS

“ Parents would make sure the child kne w the mid wife and when the child did so mething for TRADITIONAL the very irst ti me … KNOWLEDGE when a boy caught his Wo men about to give birth were encouraged to eat irst ani mal … when a r e g ul arly, e at f o o ds wit h f at, a n d t o dri n k br ot h t o h el p girl se wed her irst d ev el o p br e ast mil k. C ert ai n piece of clothing, this pr ef err e d f o o ds i ncl u d e d: s e al m e at, c ari b o u br ot h would be given to the (often made with blood), ﬁs h s o u p, str o n g t e a, a n d mid wife.” cooked meat. A N NIE NAPAY OK, A N ELDER Y o ur b a by is g etti n g FR O M WHALE C OVE. ready f or t he big day!

weeks 37 to 4baby myour har can drinking 0 and moking s

37 U p d at e —The baby is putting on more “baby fat” – nearly 28 gra ms per day! month: dates:

38 U p d a t e — Yo u mig ht n otice t he b a by j u m pi ng ar o u n d. T his is likely j ust a c ase of hicc u ps. month: dates:

39 U p d a t e — Y o ur b a b y h as pr o d u c e d his ﬁrst b o w el m o v e m e nt i n his i nt esti n es. T his will be p asse d wit hi n t he ﬁrst fe w d ays after birt h. month: dates:

U p d at e — C o n gr at ul ati o ns! Yo u di d it! The baby may look a little funny with an angry expression on his face, 40 a miss h a pe n he a d, b ut y o u will t hi n k y o ur b a b y is t h e m ost b e a utif ul p ers o n i n t h e w orl d. month: dates:

W h at is L a b o ur? L a b o ur is t h e pr o - c ess y o ur b o dy us es t o p us h t h e b a by o ut. It i nv olv es c o ntr acti o ns that take place in a rhyt h m, can MEDICAL Congratulations! TERMS t a k e pl ac e ov er m a ny h o urs, a n d r es ults i n t h e b a by b ei n g p us h e d Y o u di d it! o ut of t h e ut er us. Y o u will t hi n k y o ur b a by is t h e m ost b e a utif ul p ers o n i n t h e w orl d. whatcan I do

Eat well VITAMINS Iron – Iron is important for keeping your Your baby depends on what you eat to Getting a great balanced diet can be blood healthy, to help give you energy and for muscle development. Good develop well. Try to eat a varied diet with hard in some Inuit communities. To make lots of country food, fruit and vegetables, sources of iron are goose, duck, seal, sure you are getting the necessary dairy products, and whole grain breads walrus, caribou, rabbit, ptarmigan, mussels vitamins and minerals, ask your health and pastas. Stay away from “junk food” and seal liver. Non-animal sources include that has lots of sugar, fat and salt, but not care provider to recommend a good dried beans, peas, lentils, grains and much nutrition. multi-vitamin/mineral supplement. One wild greens. a day and you are well on your way to Get exercise giving your baby a healthy head start. Zinc – Zinc is important in helping Stay active! Walk around town, go fishing, our bodies fight infections and heal from visit friends, dance! Keeping active is a Folic Acid – This is a very important wounds. To get enough zinc in your diet, great way to reduce stress and to get more vitamin for pregnant women to take. eat narwhal, caribou and seal eyes. energy. There will be days when you are Folic acid helps in the development of too tired, the weather is lousy, and you your baby’s spine, brain and skull. To Calcium - You need calcium for strong are too busy. Take it easy then but try and make sure you are getting enough, ask bones and teeth. Cooked sh heads, skin, keep as active as you can for as long as you your health care provider to recommend and bones are good sources of calcium. can into your pregnancy. You will find a supplement. Other sources include mussels and clams that it really pays off in many ways and and marrow from caribou. Milk and milk will help make your delivery easier. B Vitamins – This group of vitamins, products such as cheese and yogurt are which includes folic acid, is very impor- excellent sources of calcium. Rest tant for helping you and your baby stay Getting enough rest is critical to having healthy. They help develop healthy new Vitamin C - Vitamin C has many health a health pregnancy. Your body is going cells that form a baby’s brain, spine, organs, benefits as it keeps our cells and immune through a lot of changes and you may skin and bones. Green leafy vegetables system healthy. Fresh meat, fish and not feel well at times. Get your family to like spinach and broccoli, nuts and citrus fruit and fruit juices are good sources help more around the house and to give fruits are great sources of folic acid. A of vitamin C. you time for resting. Remember – when lot of Inuit foods are high in B vitamins you are resting, you are resting for two! including Arctic char, seal, walrus. Omega-3 Fatty Acids – This is a type of fat that has many health benefits and See Your Health Care Vitamin A helps build healthy skin, helps your body prevent diseases. It is also Provider and Midwife bones and teeth and protects you from good for the health of the heart. Sources It is important to go see your health care getting sick. Country foods with lots of are Arctic char, seal, walrus and whale. provider early in your pregnancy. They this vitamin include caribou, goose, Non-meat sources include avocado, nuts, can take tests and measurements to make duck, maktaaq and seal liver. Carrots, and enriched eggs. sure everything is OK. Plus they will then squash, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, spinach have information to monitor your later and cantaloupes are great sources as well. Protein - Protein builds and repairs stages of pregnancy. Some communities muscles, skin, and blood. It also helps to may not have many midwives available, prevent illness. Sources include caribou, but if you are fortunate, try and arrange narwhal, Arctic char, seal. to have a midwife as soon as you can. Their knowledge and experience will be a great source of comfort and strength to you and your baby. r eci p es

HEALTHY RECIPES FOR HEALTHY BABIES! Arctic C h ar C a k es ingredients: 2 c u ps c o o k e d Arctic c h ar (c a n s u bstit ut e 2 s m all c a ns of s al m o n or t u n a) 1 package dried vegetable soup mix 1 c u p t or n u p br e a d or “siiv a” ¼ cup no-fat mayonnaise 1 c u p b oili n g w at er ( or m or e, d e p e n di n g o n ty p e of br e a d or bisc uit us e d) 1 e g g or ¼ c u p e g g w hit es Bannock for Bouncing Babies! c a n ol a oil f or fr yi n g

Br e a k u p t h e br e a d or bisc uits i nt o s m all pi ec es. Stir s o u p mix i nt o ingredients: t h e b oili n g w at er, a d d br e a d/ bisc uit pi ec es a n d l et st a n d f or a b o ut 6 c u ps of fl o ur ( w h ol e w h e at if p ossi bl e) h alf a n h o ur. Br e a k u p c o o k e d Arctic c h ar i nt o s m all pi ec es a n d 1 cup of vegetable shortening co mbine with mayonnaise and soup/bread mixture. For m into 3 t a bl es p o o ns of b a ki n g p o w d er round flat cakes about 1 inch thick, about 3 inches in dia meter. 1 t a bl es p o o n of s alt Divi d e t h e mixt ur e i n h alf, t h e n e ac h h alf i n h alf a g ai n, a n d t h e n 2 c u ps of c urr a nts, r aisi ns or ot h er dri e d fr uit e ac h p orti o n i n h alf a g ai n f or 8 c a k es. C ar ef ully h e at c a n ol a oil, 3 ½ c u ps of w at er ( or mil k or s oy mil k) 1 i nc h d e e p, i n a fr yi n g p a n. W h e n ti ny b u b bl es b e gi n t o br e a k Pinch of cinna mon (optional) t h e s urf ac e of t h e oil, p ut a pi nc h of br e a d i nt o t h e oil. If t h e oil s u d d e nly b u b bl es u p ar o u n d t h e ti ny bit of br e a d, t h e oil is h ot I n a m e di u m-siz e d b o wl, mix t h e fl o ur a n d s h ort e ni n g t o g et h er enough to fry the fish cakes. Keep the heat at about mediu m- by h a n d. A d d b a ki n g p o w d er, s alt a n d dri e d fr uit. T h e n a d d w at er hi g h. If t h e oil s pl att ers,t ur n t h e h e at l o w er. W hil e t h e oil is h e at- a n d mix i n gr e di e nts i nt o d o u g h. D o n’t ov er mix. i n g, s et o ut a l ar g e pl at e a n d c ov er wit h s ev er al l ay ers of p a p er To cook in an oven, spread the dough out into a 16” square cake t o w el. P ut 4 fis h c a k es c ar ef ully i nt o t h e oil i n t h e fr yi n g p a n. Fr y p a n. B a k e at 4 2 5 d e gr e es f or a b o ut 2 0 mi n ut es or u ntil g ol d e n u ntil g ol d e n, a b o ut 3 mi n ut es or s o, t h e n t ur n a n d fr y t h e ot h er br o w n. C h ec k t o s e e if it is d o n e by stic ki n g i n a t o ot h pic k or si d e. R e m ov e c a k es fr o m oil wit h s p at ul a all o wi n g as m uc h oil t o k nif e —if it c o m es o ut dr y, it’s r e a dy! r u n b ac k i nt o t h e p a n as p ossi bl e. S et t h e c a k es t o dr ai n o n t h e paper to wel covered plate. Cover with a clean tea to wel to keep N ot e: You could add any fruit to the mix — mashed bananas, chopped apples w ar m. Fr y t h e r e m ai ni n g fis h c a k es, a d di n g m or e oil t o t h e p a n t o etc. Y o u c o ul d als o a d d a h a n df ul of o ats or br a n t o m a k e it ev e n h e alt hi er. k e e p t h e 1 i nc h d e pt h of oil i n p a n at all ti m es. Dr ai n t h e c a k es T o m a k e a gr e at b a n n oc k t o h av e wit h st e w or s o u p, l e av e o ut dri e d fr uit a n d and cover to keep war m. ci n n a m o n b ut a d d s o m e fri e d o ni o ns, gr at e d c arr ots or ev e n c h e es e.

C o u ntr y F o o d C hili Baked Arctic Char ingredients: ingredients: 1 Arctic c h ar 1 l b. gr o u n d c ari b o u or m us k ox 1 or 2 mi nc e d cl ov e g arlic 1 large onion, chopped 1 o ni o n 3 cl ov es g arlic c h o p p e d ½ tsp. thy me 2 c arr ots, gr at e d, or c h o p p e d ½ l e m o n 1 st al k of c el er y, c h o p p e d 1 c a n of ki d n ey b e a ns ( or bl ac k b e a ns) Cl e a n Arctic c h ar. Usi n g a s h e et of f oil, p ut g arlic a n d o ni o n i n- 1 can of chopped to matoes si d e a n d o utsi d e t h e ﬁs h. S pri n kl e t hy m e a n d s q u e ez e of l e m o n. 3 t bs p oliv e oil Wr a p i n f oil t o e ns ur e a s e al e d cl os ur e, a n d b a k e at 4 0 0 F. f or 2 t bs p c hili p o w d er a b o ut 1 h o ur. F or sl o w c o o ki n g, c o o k at 2 0 0 F f or 4 h o urs. ½ ts p s alt l ots of gr o u n d p e p p er ( as y o u li k e it)

C o o k t h e o ni o ns a n d g arlic i n oliv e oil. A d d c hili a n d m e at a n d c o o k u ntil br o w n. A d d t h e t o m at o es, ki d n ey b e a ns, a n d s pi c es Country Food Meatloaf and turn t o lo w heat. Stir frequently, not t o burn t he bott o m, a n d l et c o o k f or a n ot h er h o ur or s o. Tast es gr e at ov er ric e or wit h bannock acco mpanied by a big green salad. ingredients: P ar t A 2 l bs gr o u n d c ari b o u ( or s u bstit ut e wit h l e a n m us k ox or ground beef) ½ c u p of br e a d cr u m bs Healthy & Hearty Country Food Ste w 1 mediu m onion, ﬁnely chopped 2 ts p s alt 1 /8 ts p p e p p er ingredients: 1 1 /3 c u ps of c a n n e d mil k 4 c u ps fr es h c ut u p s e al - a b o ut 2 l bs. ( or c ari b o u) P ar t B 6 p ot at o es mashed potatoes, grated cheese (cheddar or par mesan) 1 can to matoes 1 o ni o n Part 1 — Mix ingredients and pack very ﬁr mly into a one and a 1 s m all t ur ni p h alf q u art b o wl. T ur n b o wl u psi d e d o w n a n d pl ac e o nt o p a n 3 c arr ots, av er a g e siz e ( k e e pi n g t h e d o m e s h a p e). B a k e f or 1 ¼ h o urs at 3 5 0 d e gr e es F. 1 cup chopped cabbage (or sea weed) Part 2 — Coat loaf with mashed potatoes. Sprinkle with cheese. 1 c u p w at er ( a dj ust f or t ast e) B a k e a n ot h er 1 5 mi n ut es. R et ur n t o ov e n u ntil c h e es e m elts. S alt a n d p e p p er t o t ast e.

P e el t h e t ur ni p a n d c h o p i nt o bit e-siz e pi ec es. Scr u b t h e p ot a- t o es, c arr ots a n d c a b b a g e a n d c ut i nt o bit e-siz e pi ec es. P e el a n d c h o p o ni o n. C ut m e at i nt o s m all pi ec es i ncl u di n g s o m e f atty Q uic k & E asy E n er gy Dri n k p arts. I n l ar g e p ot, ov er m e di u m- hi g h h e at, p ut i n s o m e m e at f at pi ec es a n d c o o k u ntil s o m e oil is r el e as e d. A d d r est of m e at a n d o ni o n a n d stir-fr y f or t hr e e mi n ut es or u ntil all t h e pi ec es h av e ingredients: been partly cooked. Add the carrots, then the turnips, the pota- 1 /3 c u p pl ai n y o g urt t o es. A d d t o m at o es a n d w at er t o c ov er. Bri n g st e w t o b oil a n d ¼ c u p mil k or s oy mil k r e d uc e t o m e di u m h e at. A d d c a b b a g e. K e e p at a sl o w b oil f or 1 tbsp wheat ger m a b o ut h alf a n h o ur or u ntil a f or k e asily pi erc es t h e c arr ots a n d 1 peeled ripe banana t ur ni p. S alt a n d p e p p er t o t ast e. S er v e wit h b a n n oc k. 1 fr es h/c a n n e d p e ac h or ½ c u p of fr oz e n b erri es

Bl e n d y o g urt, mil k, w h e at g er m, a n d fr uit t o g et h er i n bl e n d er u ntil s m o ot h. L et st a n d f or 2 t o 3 mi n ut es u ntil w h e at g er m s oft e ns. A d d fr uit a n d w hi p u ntil s m o ot h. Q uic k & Tasty Fis h S o u p Roasted Caribou Shank ingredients: ingredients: 1 s m all t o m e di u m c h ar g utt e d a n d w as h e d, c ut i nt o bit e siz e 1 c ari b o u s h a n k p er a d ult p ers o n (c a n s u bstit ut e wit h m us k ox) c h u n ks 1 package of onion soup mix 3 med. potatoes, cubed (skin on) Salt and pepper 1 m e d. o ni o n, c h o p p e d (s ki n off) 1 o ni o n 1 c a n cr e a m of c el er y s o u p 1 c u p e ac h r a w v e g gi es (c arr ots, c el er y, p ot at o es) 1 t bs p. b utt er Salt and pepper taste P ut s h a n k i n a r o ast p a n, c ov er wit h a p ac k a g e of o ni o n s o u p mix. A d d s alt a n d p e p p er t o t ast e (t h e s o u p mix h as a l ot of s alt i n it). P ut p ot at o es a n d o ni o ns i n k ettl e. C ov er wit h w at er. A d d ﬁs h a n d A d d a s m all a m o u nt of w at er t o b ar ely c ov er t h e m e at a n d a d d s alt. B oil 1 5 mi n ut es, t h e n a d d c el er y s o u p, p e p p er a n d b utt er. c ut o ni o ns. C o o k i n t h e ov e n at 4 0 0 F f or 4 5 mi n ut es. A d d v e g- gi es. E ns ur e t h e br ot h c ov ers ev er yt hi n g. Bri n g t o a b oil. S p o o n N OT E: Adding carrots, spinach or sea weed would taste great and help boost uncooked bannock on top of everything. Cover and let cook t h e n utriti o n of t his m e al. S u bstit uti n g mil k f or s o m e of t h e w at er als o a d ds 4 5 mi n ut es. m or e c alci u m a n d ﬂ av o ur.

Seal Ste w Qallunaatitut ingredients: 4 c u ps fr es h c ut u p s e al wit h f at pi ec es ( a b o ut 2 l bs.) 6 p ot at o es ¼ cup ketchup or to taste 1 o ni o n 1 s m all t ur ni p 3 c arr ots, av er a g e siz e 3 p ars ni ps, l o o k li k e w hit e c arr ots w at er as r e q uir e d

P e el off t h e o ut er s ki n of t h e t ur ni p, t h e n c h o p t h e t ur ni p i nt o s m all pi ec es. Was h t h e p ot at o es w ell, t h e n c ut o ut t h e “ ey es” a n d a ny b a d bits fr o m t h e s ki n of t h e p ot at o es. L e av e o n t h e s ki n a n d c ut i nt o s m all pi ec es. Was h t h e c arr ots a n d p ars ni ps a n d c ut a w ay a ny b a d p arts. L e av e t h e s ki n o n a n d c ut i nt o s m all pi ec es. P e el a n d c h o p o ni o n. C ut s e al m e at i nt o s m all pi ec es i ncl u di n g s o m e of t h e f at. I n p ot, ov er m e di u m- hi g h h e at, p ut i n s o m e s e al f at pi ec es a n d c o o k o ut a bit of oil. A d d m e at a n d o ni o n a n d stir-fr y u ntil all t h e pi ec es h av e b e e n c o o k e d o n t h e s urf ac e. I n l ay ers, a d d t h e c arr ots, t h e n t h e t ur ni ps, t h e p ot at o es, a n d t h e p ars ni ps in t hat order. Add water t o cover. Bring t o boil and reduce t o m e di u m h e at t o m ai nt ai n a sl o w b oil f or a b o ut 3 5 mi n ut es or u ntil a f or k e asily ﬂ a k es t h e v e g et a bl es, es p eci ally t h e c arr ots a n d t ur ni p. A d d t h e k etc h u p a n d stir w ell.

GAINING WEIGHT Tasty Fri e d Ric e It is n or m al t o g ai n w ei g ht d uri n g pr e g n a ncy. Y o u will n e e d t o g ai n m or e w ei g ht t h a n t h e b a by will w ei g h. ingredients: Y o u s h o ul d n’t b e c o nc er n e d u nl ess y o u ar e n’t 2 – 3 c u ps l eft ov er c o o k e d ric e putting on much weight. D uri n g t h e ﬁrst tri m est er, 1 e g g 1 c arr ot y o u w o n’t i ncr e as e y o ur w ei g ht v er y m uc h at all as t h e b a by 1 o ni o n is v er y s m all. O nc e y o u g et i nt o t h e s ec o n d tri m est er, 1 cup ﬁnely chopped cabbage 1 cup chopped leftover cooked meat (caribou, char, muskox) y o u will b e gi n t o g ai n w ei g ht. C h e c ki n g r e g ul arl y wit h 3 t a bl es p o o ns s oy s a uc e y o ur h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er is a g o o d i d e a. 2 tablespoons vegetable oil

So me facts about weight during pregnancy: P e el a n d c h o p o ni o n. Pl ac e i n fr yi n g p a n wit h oil. H e at at m e di u m high until onions beco me soft. Wash and chop carrot and cabbage The average baby weighs bet ween 3 and 4 kilogra ms • a n d a d d t o p a n. B e at e g g wit h a littl e mil k or w at er a n d stir i nt o (7-8 pounds). p a n. T oss i n m e at a n d ric e. Stir u ntil h e at e d t hr o u g h ( 1 0 mi n ut es). • Your body will produce about that sa me a mount in extra A d d s oy s a uc e. Stir a n d s er v e. bl o o d a n d ﬂ ui d t o h el p n o uris h y o ur b a by. N O T E: Y o u c a n a d d j ust a b o ut a ny l eft ov ers t o t his dis h or a d d fr oz e n v e g et a bl es • Extr a m uscl e a n d f at c a n w ei g h b et w e e n 2- 3 kil o gr a ms f or a n extr a n utriti o us b o ost. (5-7 pounds). • Y o ur br e asts (c o m bi n e d) a n d ut er us will b ot h gr o w t o ov er a kil o gr a m e ac h ( 2- 3 p o u n ds).

D o n’t w orr y a b o ut y o ur w ei g ht u nl ess y o u d o n’t s e e m t o b e FOOD GUIDES FOR INUIT g ai ni n g e n o u g h. Y o ur di et is i m p ort a nt a n d e ati n g ri g ht is t h e b est w ay t o m a k e s ur e y o ur b a by is g etti n g all t h e To get copies of food guides developed for Inuit, nutrition needed and that you are staying healthy check out your local health centres and these sites: t o o. As k y o ur h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er f or a c o py of t h e First N ati o n a n d I n uit F o o d G ui d e. If y o u liv e i n N u n avi k or N u n av ut, t h e Nunavut Food Guide available in English, Inuktitut and h e alt h d e p art m e nts h av e d ev el o p e d f o o d g ui d es s p eci ﬁc ally f or Inuinnaqtun at: w w w. gov.nu.ca/health/recent.sht ml I n uit a n d i ncl u d e tr a diti o n al f o o ds (s e e b ox t o t h e ri g ht). Nunavik Food Guide available in Inuktitut, English and French, is available at hospitals and nursing stations in villages, SWELLING stores and co m munity organizations around Nunavik:

Y o ur b o dy will b e usi n g a l ot of extr a ﬂ ui d d uri n g pr e g n a ncy. E N G L I S HEN H D uri n g t h e l ast tri m est er t h e b a by is gr o wi n g r a pi dly. Y o u m ay w w w. rrsss17.gouv.qc.ca/santepub/pdf/diabetes/ n otic e s o m e s w elli n g. T his is n or m al a n d y o u s h o ul d c o n- Nunavik_Food_Guide2005.pdf ti n u e t o dri n k at l e ast 8 c u ps of ﬂ ui d a d ay – w at er, INUKTITUT j uic e, mil k, or s o u p. T o h el p y o u f e el c o mf ort a bl e, p ut y o ur f e et w w w. rrsss17.gouv.qc.ca/santepub/pdf/diabetes/ u p w h e n r el axi n g, w e ar l o os e cl ot hi n g, st ay activ e, a n d g et l ots Nunavik_Food_Guide2005_Inuktitut.pdf of r est. If y o u ar e c o nc er n e d a b o ut s w elli n g t h at c o nti n u es, c h ec k wit h y o ur h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er. Health Canada’s Food Guide For First Nations, I n ui t a n d M e ti s w w w.hc- sc.gc.ca/fn-an/pubs/fnim-p nim/ index_e.ht ml

hh h

When you meet with your health care provider, there will be some terms they use that you may not be familiar with. Here is a short list of denitions that will help you understand some important terms.

The uid that surrounds the baby in the womb. These are all stages of the baby’s development. Once the fertilized egg attaches itself to the wall of the uterus, it becomes an embryo. At eight weeks of development, the embryo becomes a fetus once These are “practice” contractions you may feel throughout your preg- major structures and organs have formed. nancy. They often feel like muscles in your abdomen tighten and then relax. They can be uncomfortable but should not last long. The 9-month pregnancy period is divided into three equal sections or trimesters. This is the rst breast milk that is produced. It is very rich in nutri- ents and antibodies. You may start producing some of this a few weeks before birth. An ultrasound is a medical process that allows you to see the baby in your uterus. A device is passed over your belly and passes sound waves over the baby to create a moving image of your baby. It is an impor- This is the moment the sperm fertilizes the egg and the development tant tool for checking on the size, health and position of the baby. of the baby begins. This is the organ below your stomach where the baby develops. Labour is the process your body uses to push the baby out. It involves The fertilized egg attaches to the wall of the uterus and draws contractions that take place in a rhythm, can take place over many nourishment from it. hours, and results in the baby being pushed out of the uterus. A waxy white material that coats the skin of the baby from the liquid in the womb. Little of the material remains once the baby is born, but it can make the baby slippery and look like he/she has a coating.

w e e k b y w e e k WATCHING YOUR BABY GRO W!

P ull o ut t his p ost er a n d stic k it u p o n y o ur fri d g e or o n a w all y o u s e e ev er y d ay s o t h at y o u c a n s e e h o w y o ur b a by is pr o gr essi n g i n siz e w e e k by w e e k!

“ Today …it see ms that people drink much too much. Inuit should not be using alcohol at all; it isn’t a part of our tra ditional way of life and it has played a ma jor part in lives lost in Inuit co m munities, especially a mong young people.” A N NI E O K A LI K, A N E L D E R F R O M N U N A V U T. ✃ ✃ ✃ ✃

w e e ks 3 rd tri mestertrimester

Your baby weighs about 860 gra ms. The bones 25 are g etti ng ﬁr mer a n d w e e k t he b o dy is c atc hi ng u p t o t he he a d i n size. S ki n no w beco mes opaque b y w e e k i nste a d of tr a ns p are nt. T he b a by is begi n ni ng t o st ore s o me f at. His l u ngs WATCHING are m at uri ng. His he ari ng is f ully develo pe d. As t he 26 fet us re acts t o s o u n ds, his YOUR BABY GRO W! p ulse i ncre ases. Yo ur b a by will eve n m ove i n r hyt h m t o m usic.

T he b a by’s n ostrils a n d eyes are o pe ni ng. T he br ai n is beco ming more active and co mplex. Thu mb- 27 s uc ki ng c al ms t he b a by a n d stre ngt he ns his c hee k a n d j a w m uscles. Yo ur baby can cry no w.

The baby is beco ming more active ever day! Your baby may be drea m- i ng a n d eyelids are o pe ni ng. 28 Your baby is no w 1 k g. a n d 3 7 c m. Y o ur uterus extends well w e e ks st w e e ks nd above your navel. 1tri mestertrimester 2 tri mestertrimester Yo ur uter us is j ust EXAMPLE “Pregnancies are B a by is n o w f ully f or me d a b o ut as f ull as it is First d ay of y o ur l ast act u ally d ate d fr o m menstrual period ➾ May 10, 2007 b ut not everyt hi ng is wor k - g oing t o get. The baby 1 t he ﬁrst d ay of y o ur Subtract three ➾ M a y 1 0 – A pril , 13 i ng yet. Yo ur b a by c a n suck 29 will n o w c o nti n ue t o m o n t h s March, and February l ast perio d, n ot fr o m = February 10 his or her t h u m b, y a w n, gain about 200g and stretc h a n d m a ke f aces. t he ti me of fertiliz a- Add one week ➾ February 17 grow 1c m each week. tion or conception”. Add one year A n arri v al Your ba by is t he size Your baby should move at ➾ date of about February 17, 2008 of a p e a c h at 7. 5 c m. le ast 1 0 ti mes i n a n h o ur. Yo ur b a by h as d o u ble d his T he b a by will m ove less weig ht to a bo ut 6 5 gr a ms . a n d rest i n t he “fet al ” T he egg is o nly . 1 3 m m S miles a n d fro w ns c a n p ositio n —c urle d u p wit h his l o ng a n d is fertilize d 14 no w be detected. Facial 30 k nees be nt, ar ms a n d legs 2 wit hi n 2 4 h o urs of ov u- features and unique ﬁn- cr osse d a n d c hi n o n c hest. l atio n. Yo u’re preg n a nt! g er pri nts are all t h ere. Your uterus is about Yo ur b a by is b egi n ni ng t o four inches above res p o n d t o o utsi de sti m uli. your navel.

S o me of t he w axy c o ati ng T he fertilize d egg is n o w The baby’s ears have de- (ver nix) will be lost n o w divi di ng r a pi dly a n d f or ms veloped enough to hear a n d t he b a by is p utti ng o n a gr o wi ng cl uster of cells v oic es a n d n ois es. Eye - m ore weig ht. R at her t h a n as it e nters y o ur uter us. br o ws a n d h air o n t h e t o p 3 15 31 he ari ng vi br atio ns, b a by’s of t he he a d are begi n ni ng Your baby is about nerve e n di ngs i n his e ars to gro w. He may even be the size of the head are c o n necte d n o w s o t h at s uc ki ng his t h u m b by n o w. of a pi n at . 1 8 m m. he c a n he ar disti nct so u n ds.

T he b a by is 1 5 c m i n Yo ur bre asts m ay st art pro- le ngt h a n d weig hs a b o ut d uci ng s m all a m o u nts of Yo u misse d y o ur ﬁrst 113 gra ms. Hair on the c olostr u m, a f or m of milk perio d. T he m ass of head and eyebro ws begins t h at is very ric h i n a nti- cells h as divi de d u p i nt o to gro w and you may feel b o dies a n d n utrie nts. Yo ur 4 s peci al f u nctio ns s uc h 32 16 your baby move, called b a by is pr actici ng o pe ni ng as pl ace nt a, e m bry o, “quickening”. Developing his eyes a n d bre at hi ng. a m niotic s ac etc. f aci al m uscles allo w f or a Baby is about 40.5 c m v ariety of ex pressio ns. a n d 1. 6 k g.

B a by is m ovi ng less n o w as Yo ur b a by is n o w 1 8 c m he r u ns o ut of roo m. His he a d E m bry o is o nly 2 m m l o ng a n d h as f ully f or me d is p oi nti ng d o w n w hic h is 5 l o ng, h as a he a d a n d 17 li m bs, s ki n, a n d m uscles. 33 t he n or m al birt h p ositio n. t ail. S pi ne a n d br ai n Hor mones are preparing The baby is 2 kg and are st arti ng t o develo p. y o ur bre asts f or milk 42 c m and your uterus production. is about 5.2 inches above your navel.

T he e m bry o is begi n ni ng At a b o ut 2 0 c m i n le ngt h, T he b a by c a n n o w tell t he t o f or m eyes, e ars a n d the baby’s move ments are differe nce bet wee n lig ht m o ut h a n d ar m b u ds. g etti ng str o ng e n o ug h f or and dark. Organs are 6 Major organs are begin- 18 t he m ot her a n d ot hers t o 34 n o w al m ost f ully m at ure, ni ng t o f or m. feel. He or s he m ay eve n exce pt f or l u ngs. Fi ng er- be st artle d by lo u d n oises! n ails re ac h t he e n ds of Y o ur b a b y is t h e siz e ﬁ ng ers, b ut t oe n ails are of a B B p ell et at 6 m m. Your uterus, about the size of a cantaloupe. n ot yet f ully gr o w n. T he e m bry o is a b o ut t he Yo ur b a by’s st o m ac h is Yo ur b a by is n o w p utti ng size of y o ur t h u m b n ail prepared to absorb ﬂuid o n m ore weig ht a n d h air is or s m all r as p berry. N o w a n d t he ki d neys are pre - gro wi ng o n his or her he a d. c alle d a fet us, he rese m bles p ari ng t o g o t o wor k t o o. 35 He is no w cra m pe d a n d re- 7 a c o m m a wit h his he a d 19 S ki n is develo pi ng a n d stricte d i nsi d e t h e ut er us. o n his c hest. T he u m bilic al transparent, appearing Your uterus is about cor d h as for me d a n d h a n ds re d bec a use blo o d vessels six inches above your t h at lo o k like ti ny p a d dles. are visi ble t hr o ug h it. n a v el.

F aci al fe at ures are m ore T he b a by is gr o wi ng q uic kly Your baby is developed deﬁned, major organs n o w a n d is a b o ut 2 5. 5 e n o ug h t o s urvive o n his are f or me d b ut n ot f ully c m i n le ngt h a n d weig hs o w n if he h a d t o. Org a ns developed, ﬁngers and 340 gra ms. Move ments are al m ost c o m pletely de- 8 t oes are begi n ni ng t o f or m. 20 are g etti ng str o ng er. 36 velo pe d a n d t he b a by’s Your baby is about Yo ur uter us is j ust b o dy is perfectly f or me d. t he size of a grape about even with Your uterus is pr oba- at 2. 5 c m. your navel. bly up under y our ribs.

The baby no w weighs about T he b a by is p utti ng o n Eyes are no w developed 450 gra ms and his or more “baby fat” —nearly c o m pletely, t here is s o me her s ki n is re d a n d wri n kly. 28 gra ms per day! 9 e arly m ove me nt b ut 21 His i m m u n e syst e m is 37 B a by’s he a d is us u ally t o o little f or y o u t o feel. beco ming more active. p ositio ne d d o w n i nt o t he Y o ur b a b y is t h e siz e By no w you’ve proba- pelvis by n o w. T his wee k, of a stra wberry. bly gained bet ween your baby is considered 10 and 14 pounds. f ull-ter m!

The inner ear has for med The baby is no w about a n d t he o uter p art is still h alf as l o n g as h e will Yo u mig ht n otice t he b a by developing. Lungs and kid- be when he’s born. He j u m pi ng ar o u n d. T his is neys are als o develo pi ng. is c o ate d i n ver nix, a w axy 3 likely j ust a c ase of hicc u ps. 10 To ot h b u ds are f or mi ng. 22 s u bst a nce t h at pr otects his 8 Yo ur b a by is g etti ng his or Y o ur b a b y l o o ks li k e s ki n fr o m t he fl ui d i n t he her a nti b o dies fr o m y o u t o a m e di u m s hri m p uter us. Taste b u ds are pr ot ect ag ai nst ill n ess. at 3. 8 c m. f or mi ng o n t he t o ng ue. H air is st arti ng t o gro w a n d T he b a by’s re flexes are get - Your baby has produced t he pl ace nt a a n d u m bili- ti ng str o ng er a n d he or s he his first b o wel m ove me nt cal cord are co mpletely m ay res p o n d t o lo u d n oises i n his i ntesti nes. T his will for med and functioning. fr o m o utsi de. T he b o dy is 39 be p asse d wit hi n t he 11 Fi ng er n ails a n d exter n al 23 beco ming proportioned first fe w d ays after birt h. g e nit ali a are f or mi ng. more like a ne wborn. Baby’s head has dropped Your baby is about the Your baby is al most i nt o t he m ot her’s pelvis siz e of a l ar g e li m e. 1 p o u n d. if he is he a d- d o w n. L u ngs a n d m ost vit al T he fet us n o w lo o ks like Congratulations! You org a ns are ne arly f ully a s m all b a by. T he b a by’s di d it! T he b a by m ay lo o k develo pe d, m uscles are ki d neys are f u nctio ni ng a little f u n ny wit h a n a ngry developing quickly and a n d t he eyeli ds h ave f use d ex pressio n o n his or her the main organs are t og et her t o pr otect t he 40 f ace, a miss h a pe n he a d, 12 24 well develo pe d. eyes as t hey develo p. Yo ur b ut y o u will t hi n k y o ur bre asts are i ncre asi ng Your uterus is about b a by is t he m ost be a utif ul i n size t o be re a dy t o 1.5 to 2 inches above pers o n i n t he worl d. bre astfee d t he b a by. your navel. IS B N 1- #: 8 9 4 3 9 6- D 6 esi 3- g 4 n by E art h L ore C o m m u nic ati o | ns Writte n by Davi d BIll ustrati o| ult o n by R o b ert R a ms ay e n d of first tri m est er e n d of s e c o n d tri m est er e n d of t hir d tri m est er s uADDRESSES p & OTHER p SUPPORT ort INFOR MATION

Getting Ready for the Big Day your nu mbers: N e ar t h e e n d of y o ur t hir d tri m est er, y o u ar e g etti n g cl os e t o t h e birt h d at e. It is a g o o d ti m e t o t hi n k a b o ut s o m e of t he t hings t hat need t o be done.

W h a t Will I N e e d If y o u ar e n ot g oi n g t o h av e y o ur b a by at h o m e, it is a g o o d i d e a to pack a bag to take with you. Pack the bag well in advance of y o ur ex p ect e d d u e d at e. S o m e t hi n gs y o u will n e e d i ncl u d e a h o us ec o at, l o os e ni g ht g o w n, a n ursi n g br a, sli p p ers, s ev er al p airs of u n d er w e ar, c o m b or br us h, m a k e- u p, cl ot h es t o w e ar h o m e, cl ot h es, di a p ers a n d a bl a n k et f or t h e b a by. M a k e s ur e y o u h av e p h o n e n u m b ers of p e o pl e y o u will w a nt t o g et a h ol d of —fri e n ds, r el ativ es, mi d wiv es, h e alt h c ar e pr ovi d er etc.

When I Get Ho me Oft e n t h e b a by sl e e ps wit h t h e m ot h er at ﬁrst b ut t h e b a by will n e e d its o w n pl ac e t o sl e e p. D o y o u h av e a cri b? W h er e will it go? Babies need a safe and war m place. Do you have the bed- di n g n ec ess ar y? T h es e ar e s o m e t hi n gs y o u n e e d t o t hi n k a b o ut.

What will the baby need? B a bi es c a n n e e d a l ot of st uff — dia p ers, cl ot h es, b e d di n g, t oys etc. Tr y a n d m a k e u p a list of t h es e t hi n gs w hil e y o u ar e w aiti n g f or t h e b a by t o arriv e.

W h a t Will I N e e d ? Y o u will b e pr etty b usy l o o ki n g aft er t h e n e w b a by w h e n y o u ﬁrst g et h o m e. Y o u will als o n e e d t o t a k e c ar e of y o urs elf a n d g et l ots of r est. Is t h er e s o m e o n e w h o c a n c o m e a n d h el p wit h t h e b a by, c o o k, cl e a n a n d h el p l o o k aft er t h e r est of t h e f a mily? IS B N 1- #: 8 9 4 3 9 6- D 6 esi 3- g 4 n by E art h L ore C o m m u nic ati o | ns Writte n by Davi d BIll ustrati o| ult o n by R o b ert R a ms ay Make arrange ments before you have your baby. Co ngr at ul atio ns! Good l uck and enjoy yo ur baby!

Mi d wif e:Mi e: ( ) NNutritionalist: utriti o n alist: ( ) D oct or:Doctor: ( ) Other supporters: ( )