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Title items-in- - documents, resolutions, reports by the Secretary-General - reports by the Secretary-General

Date Created 18/02/1975

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Container s-0903-0010: Peackeeping-Cyprus 1971-1981

Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit UN/TED NATJONS Distr. r C /~ 8 I n I T V /1^i>$±?^N GENERAL SECURITY €$9OiW

VCOUNCI* Vp/ W I ^ X* 1L tm W>i?^^^^—JfW^ ^ May 1975 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

INTERIM REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL PURSUANT TO SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 367 (1975)

I wish to report to the Security Council that in pursuance of the new mission of good offices which the Council, by paragraph 6 of resolution 367 (1975), requested me to undertake, I met in Vienna from 28 April to 2 May 1975 with the representatives of the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities of Cyprus for a first round of negotiations. An agreed final communique was issued on 3 May, the text of which is attached for the information of the members of the Council. The negotiators have agreed to hold another round of talks with me in Vienna from 5 to 9 June 1975- I shall not fail to submit a further report to the Council not later than 15 June 1975•

75-09291 English Page 2

Annex

TEXT OF THE FINAL COMMUNIQUE ON THE CYPRUS TALKS ISSUED IN VIENNA ON 3 MAY 1975 AT 1100 GMT

The Cyprus negotiations were held in Vienna from 28 April to J May 1975- One open and eight closed meetings were held. Participating were: Mr. Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations; Mr. Rauf Denktash, representing the Turkish Cypriot community; and, Mr. Glafcos derides, representing the Greek Cypriot community. Also present were Mr. Brian E. Urquhart, Under- Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, and Dr. Luis Weckmann-Muncz, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus. The discussions were held in a friendly atmosphere.

As previously announced, there was an exchange of views on the powers and functions of the central government, and certain papers were submitted. In order to facilitate further consideration of this matter, it was agreed to set up an expert committee of the two parties to examine detailed proposals, and to report back to the negotiators at their next meeting with the Secretary-General in Vienna.

There was a detailed examination of the question of displaced persons and of the geographical aspects of a possible future settlement in Cyprus. In this connexion, a number of positions of principle were set forth, and certain specific suggestions were outlined. Suggestions were also made for certain possible initial steps in this regard. The interlocutors undertook to give careful consideration to all the suggestions that were made with a view to setting forth concrete positions of their respective sides at their next meeting with the Secretary-General in June.

The question of missing persons was also discussed. Although both sides again affirmed that they were not holding undeclared prisoners-of-war or other detainees, it was agreed that whenever substantial information reached Mr. Clerides or Mr. Denktash, a search would be conducted through joint teams for which the assistance of the International Committee of the Red Cross will be requested.

Agreement was reached in principle on the reopening of the International Airport. As a first measure the airport will be repaired by the United Nations. A joint committee will be set up in Cyprus by the leaders of the two communities for the purpose of opening the airport for full civilian use.

It was agreed that the next meeting of the Cyprus negotiations would take place in Vienna between 5 and 9 June 1975- UNITED NATIONS Distr. GEWERAL SECURITv> L. V* \J B\ I I Y1

COUNCIL 1975 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

LETTER DATED 19 FEBRUARY 1975 FROM THE PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF HUNGARY TO THE UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY -GENERAL

I have the honour to send you herewith the official statement issued by the Hungarian News Agency on the question of Cyprus .

I should be grateful if you could have this statement circulated as an official document of the Security Council.

(Signed) Imre HOLLAI Permanent Representative of the Hungarian People's Republic to the United Nations

75-0367^ s/11628 English Page 2

Statement issued by the Hungarian Mews Agency on 18 February 1973

The Government and. people of the Hungarian People's Republic have learned with deep concern the news that the leaders of the Turkish Cypriot community took steps to establish an independent state on the territory of the island occupied by Turkish forces. This move is contrary to the United Nations resolutions on the Republic of Cyprus and gravely endangers the independence and territorial unity of the island country and further increases the tension on Cyprus and in the eastern Mediterranean as well. This action corresponds to the endeavours of certain NATO circles aimed at the division of the island.

From the very beginning, the Hungarian People's Republic has supported the independence, sovereignty and non-aligned policy of the Republic of Cyprus. Hungary has repeatedly demanded the withdrawal of all foreign military forces from the island. She has supported and still supports the Government headed by Archbishop Makarios, which the Hungarian People's Republic considers the only legitimate Government of Cyprus. It must be ensured that the Cypriots9 both Greek and Turkish, solve all the outstanding questions themselves, without any foreign interference. The latest developments in Cyprus have proved again the failure of the treaties of Zurich and London and, similarly, all the attempts to solve the Cyprus issue within a narrow circle of the NATO States in a way which contradicts the interests of the people of Cyprus as a whole.

The Hungarian People's Republic maintains that the Security Council of the United Nations should take effective measures to have its valid resolutions " implemented without any delay. The Hungarian People's Republic supports the relevant proposal of the Soviet Union to this effect. The competent forum to find a lasting and just solution to the question would be an international conference, to be convened under the auspices of the United Nations and representing a wider range of States, where a system guaranteeing the sovereignty, independence and territorial unity of the Republic could be elaborated. UN/TED NATIONS Distr. C f* I I D I T V »rr/y .--i—I.VYWIV GENERAL S t C U K M Y COUNCIL W^^W 19 February 1975 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: RUSSIAN

LETTER DATED 18 FEBRUARY 1975 FROM THE PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS TO THE UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

I should be grateful if you would circulate as an official document of the Security Council the TASS statement of 16 February 1975 concerning Cyprus.

The text of the statement is enclosed.

(Signed) Y. MALIK Permanent Representative of the USSR to the United Nations

75-036UU S/11627 English Page 2

TASS statement of l6 February 1975

There has recently been a further complication of the situation in Cyprus. The leaders of the Turkish community have unilaterally taken steps to establish a separate State formation in the part of the territory of the island occupied by Turkish troops. These steps are in fact designed to consolidate the situation vhich resulted from the armed interference from outside in the affairs of the Republic of Cyprus.

This action was taken at a time when talks were being held in Nicosia between the communities, with the aim of achieving a mutually acceptable and just' settlement of the questions concerning the internal structure of the Cypriot State. This is therefore another attempt by certain NATO circles to undermine the settlement process and to partition the island against the interests of the Cypriot people. These actions are in clear contradiction to the decisions of the United Nations, which express: support for the lawfully elected Government of Cyprus and seek to guarantee the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus and to ensure that foreign troops are withdrawn immediately and that the Cypriots are given an opportunity to decide themselves questions concerning the internal structure of Cyprus.

From the very beginning of the conflict in Cyprus, the Soviet Union has consistently championed the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Cypriot State and supported its lawful Government. The Soviet Government has repeatedly emphasized that attempts to solve the problem of Cyprus within the narrow circle of the member States of HATO, with the help of military force and political dictates, are fraught with serious complications.

Guided by the interests of peace and international security, the Soviet Union has, as will be recalled, put forward a proposal, which was supported by the Government of Cyprus and by the Governments of many other countries, that the problem of Cyprus should be considered in a broad international forum and that a representative conference should be convened for this purpose within the framework of the United Nations. The current development of the situation in Cyprus once again confirms the correctness and the necessity of precisely such an approach to the solution of the Cyprus problem.

It is considered in ruling circles in the Soviet Union that the situation which has arisen requires the immediate implementation of the United Nations decisions on Cyprus in their entirety. It is the duty of all States to promote this goal and to make energetic efforts for the preservation of Cyprus as an independent, sovereign and territorially integral State. UNITED NATIONS Distr. SECURITY GENERAL S/11626 COUNCIL 18 February 1975

ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

LETTER DATED 18 FEBRUARY 1975 FROM THE PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF BULGARIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

I have the honour to enclose herewith a communication of the Bulgarian News Agency on the latest development of the Cyprus question.

I would be grateful if you could have it circulated as an official document of the Security Council.

(Signed) Guero GROZEV Deputy Foreign Minister Permanent Representative of Bulgaria to the United Nations

75-03609 s/11626 English Page 2

Communication dated 15 February 1975 of the Bulgarian News Agency

The latest development of the Cyprus question creates a new danger for increasing the tensions in the region of the Balkans and the eastern Mediterranean.

The People's Republic of Bulgaria has always supported the efforts aimed at the peaceful and just solution of the Cyprus question. Its position is well-known. Our country stands for a sovereign and independent Cyprus Republic, for safeguarding its territorial integrity, for the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Cyprus and for allowing the and the Turkish Cypriots to decide by themselves the questions of the state system of Cyprus. The People's Republic of Bulgaria recognizes only the legitimate Government of the Republic of Cyprus, i.e., the Government of President Makarios. Bulgaria considers that the United Nations Security Council should actively move and take measures for the implementation of its decisions and those of the General Assembly on the Cyprus issue.

The People's Republic of Bulgaria supports the proposal that the Cyprus question should be debated at a representative forum within the United Nations framework, with the participation of all the members of the Security Council and the countries and parties concerned.

The present development of the situation in Cyprus demonstrates that such an authoritative international forum can contribute to the peaceful and just solution of the Cyprus question and to securing firm guarantees for the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Cyprus Republic. It is in this way that peace and security in this region will be guaranteed. UNITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL SECURITY S/1162U COUNCIL 18 February 1975 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH

SPECIAL REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON DEVELOPMENTS IK CYPRUS

1. This special report contains information on certain recent events in Cyprus which may be of interest to the Security Council in the light of its resolutions concerning Cyprus. The report gives an account of the talks between Mr. derides and Mr. Denktash on the substance of the Cyprus problem, which began on lh January 1975, and of the developments which led to the announcement of 13 February 1975 by the Turkish Cypriot leadership. Information on the maintenance of the cease-fire, based on reports from my Special Representative and the Commander of UWFICYP, is also included.

Meetings between Mr. Clerides and Mr. Denktash

2. In December and early January, Mr. Clerides" and Mr. Denktash met a number of times in the presence of my Special Representative, Mr. Weckmann-Munoz, and exchanged views concerning the basis for beginning talks on the substance of the Cyprus problem. Final agreement was reached on 8 January, and it was announced that in their capacity as negotiators on behalf of their respective communities they would begin their wcrk on lU January by discussing the powers and functions of the central government in a federal State. At the same time they agreed to continue their talks on humanitarian issues.

3. At the opening of the ik January meeting, my Special Representative, recalling that during my visit to the island in August 197^ I had expressed the hope that the talks on humanitarian questions would lead to discussion of broader political issues, warmly welcomed the beginning of the political talks which, he said, indicated the desire of the representatives of the two communities to arrive at an early settlement of the outstanding political and humanitarian questions. Mr. Weckmann-Munoz added that he had no doubt that he was also reflecting the genuine desire of both communities as well as the expressed consensus of the international community when he said that normal life in Cyprus had already been disrupted long enough and that further prolongation of the present state of affairs would almost certainly exacerbate the suffering of the people and render reactivation of economic life more difficult.

^._ Since then, Mr. Clerides and Mr. Denktash, with the assistance of my Special Representative, have as a rule met twice a week. At the outset, they primarily discussed the question of reopening the international airport of Nicosia. They also did preparatory work separately concerning the question of the powers and functions of the central'government in a federal State. However, they have also had exchanges of views on other important political issues.

75-03^5^ B/1162U English Page 2

5. On 17 January, Mr. derides and Mr. Denktash decided to set up a sub-committee on humanitarian matters, which has "been asked to deal expeditiously with such matters -within the framework of principles agreed upon by them. It may also make proposals for their consideration. The sub-committee, which is composed of four Greek Cypriot and four Turkish Cypriot representatives, as well as of UWFICYP, UNHCR and ICRC officials, met for the first time on 20 January and since then it has met twice a week at the Ledra Palace United Nations conference area, simultaneously with the political talks. It has been reviewing a number of outstanding issues, such as the question of missing persons, and achieved limited progress only in the implementation of earlier decisions. It has continued to face problems in remedying the difficulties experienced by the two communities. Regarding missing persons, the sub-committee set up an ad hoc body to deal with details and collection of information. The latter has met twice so far.

6. At the meeting held on 7 February, Mr. Clerides informed Mr. Denktash that at the next meeting he would give him written proposals for the solution of the Cyprus problem. However, the meeting scheduled for 10 February was postponed at the request of Mr. Denktash in order to give him time to present the Turkish Cypriot proposals at the same time as the Greek Cypriot proposals. The latter proposals were conveyed by Mr. Clerides to Mr. Denktash on 10 February through my Special Representative (annex A).

Mr. Denktash's statement of 13 February 1975 and related developments i 7- On 13 February, Mr. Denktash issued a statement announcing a restructuring and reorganization of the Turkish Cypriot administration (annex B). The new structure was to be "on the basis of a secular and federated state, until such time as the I960 Constitution of the Republic, the basic articles of which were determined by international agreements in compliance with international law, is amended in a similar manner to become the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Cyprus, and until the said Federal Republic is established". It was also stated that a 50-member Constituent Assembly would be set up under "the chairmanship of the President of the autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration".

8. On the evening of the same day, Mr. Denktash handed to my Special Representative a note containing a set of "Principles proposed by the Turkish Cypriot representative at the Cyprus talks on the constitutional aspect of the Cyprus problem". That note was delivered by Mr. Weckmann to Mr. Clerides immediately upon receipt (annex C). When handing the note to my Special Representative, Mr. Denktash asked for a meeting on Monday, 17 February, to continue the political talks on the substance of the Cyprus problem and also proposed that the sub-committee on humanitarian matters should meet simultaneously.

9. Later that evening, President Makarios issued a statement criticizing the Turkish Cypriot decision and adding that "in the circumstances it is not possible to carry out constructive negotiations as provided by resolution 3212 (XXIX) of the United Nations General Assembly" (annex D). English Page 3

10. On lU February, I issued a statement concerning the developments referred to above (annex E).

Implementation of Security Council resolution 365 (197^)

11. In order to be in a position to fulfil the request of the Security Council . contained in paragraph -2 of its resolution 365 (197*0 of 13 December 1971*, I have addressed identical notes to the parties concerned asking them to provide at an early date all relevant information concerning steps taken or contemplated by them in regard to General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX) of 5 November 197^. Replies have been received from the Governments of Greece (annex F) and Cyprus (annex G).

Maintenance of the cease-fire

12. The frequency of shooting incidents since my last report on Cyprus has remained unchanged (see S/11568, para. 2k). On the night of 31 December 197V 1 January 19753 there was a serious exchange of fire in the Nicosia area which initially consisted of single shots fired in the air to celebrate the New Year. This later developed into distinct cease-fire violations by both sides. On the evening of 20 January 1975, there was a major exchange of fire between opposing units in the area. In both these instances local UNFICYP commanders protested to both sides and succeeded in restoring the cease-fire. On 1 February in the western suburbs of Nicosia a major exchange of fire occurred which lasted for two hours before repeated UNFICYP interventions succeeded in restoring calm. The average daily number of shooting incidents during this reporting period, excluding the three more serious cease-fire violations mentioned above, was 27•

13. During the weekend 8-9 February, a somewhat tense situation and an atmosphere of rumours and nervousness developed among the civilian population, particularly in Nicosia. In order to reduce to a minimum the risks of violations of the cease- fire which under such circumstances could have escalated into more serious incidents, UNFICYP was put on an increased degree of alert and certain precautionary measures were taken, including closer liaison with both sides. As tension subsequently eased, some of the measures taken by UNFICYP were rescinded.

1*1. In district, the two most serious violations of the cease-fire by forward movement were a southward advance by Turkish forces on 23 December to the high ground of hill 1010 south of Mavrovouni Mine (GR VD 830822), and another advance on 25 December of 800 metres to the aree of a road-track junction 1 kilometre south'of (GR VD 0^2908). In both cases the local UNFICYP commanders protested. In the latter incident, the original cease-fire line was restored, but on hill 1010 the Turkish forces refused to withdraw. On 1 February, Turkish forces moved forward 300 metres between and Kato Koutraphas in Lefka district and commenced laying mines. UNFICYP protested and is pursuing the matter at a higher level.

15. In Famagusta district on 21 January, Turkish forces advanced to the Greek Cypriot owned cardboard factory k kilometres southeast of Kalopsidha S/1162U English Page U

(GR TO 785815), near the British Sovereign Base Area of Dhekelia, forcing the Greek Cypriot workers to flee. Some property was removed from the factory. UNFICYP immediately stationed a standing patrol in the factory area and on 28 January established a company base there. The situation has since remained quiet, although the Greek Cypriot workers have not returned to the factory.

16. In Larnaca district, Turkish forces advanced southward on 2k December to the two UNFICYP patrol bases 3 and U 1/2 kilometres east of Troulli (GR WD 599766 and WD 608768). After strong protests by the local UHFICYP command, they withdrew to their original positions north of the cease-fire line. On 2 February, Turkish forces moved forward one kilometre in the same general area, but withdrew to their original positions after representations by UHFICYP.

Freedom of movement

17. Until recently in areas under Turkish control UNFICYP was only permitted to send resupply convoys to United Nations installations, and humanitarian relief convoys to Greek Cypriot villages in the north. However, after several discussions at the Chief of Staff level, agreement was reached to allow UHFICYP teams to visit Greek Cypriot inhabitants in the north, provided proposals for such visits were submitted in advance for the approval.of the Turkish forces. UNFICYP teams are always escorted by a Turkish officer. Such visits have helped in several instances to alleviate immediate problems faced by the Greek Cypriots. S/ll62>t English Annex A Page 1

ANHEX A

Constitutional proposals submitted by Mr. derides on 10 February 1975

The Greek Cypriot representative at the Cyprus talks proposes that the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus shall "be based on the following principles:

(1) Cyprus shall "be an independent sovereign Republic.

(2) The Constitution snail be that of a bicomniunal multiregional federal State.

(3) The areas to be administered by the Turkish Cypriots may include a substantial area in the North extending on both sides of the Hicosia-Kyrenia axis to the sea.

(U) Other areas under Turkish Cypriot administration shall be found where Turkish Cypriot villages are mainly concentrated.

(5) The total extent of areas to be under Turkish Cypriot administration shall correspond approximately to the present ratio of the Greek and Turkish population in the island.

(6) Should there be need, for purposes of administration, of a substantial Turkish Cypriot majority in areas to be under Turkish Cypriot administration, the Republic will undertake the financial responsibility of the cost of building houses in Turkish villages for Turkish Cypriots, who finally may wish to be settled in areas which will come under Turkish Cypriot administration.

(7) The central Government of the Federal State shall have substantial powers. ^ (8) The legal status of Greek Cypriots, who will be living in areas under Turkish Cypriot administration and that of Turkish Cypriots who will live in areas under Greek Cypriot administrations shall be defined and entrenched.

(9) Human rights shall be entrenched in the Constitution, including the right of freedom of movement throughout the island, the existing rights of property and the right to acquire, own, possess, use and enjoy property in any area or place in Cyprus.

The above proposals do not affect the provisions of resolution 3212 of the United Hations General Assembly and, in particular, those regarding the speedy withdrawal of all armed foreign forces from Cyprus and the return of all refugees to their homes under conditions of safety, which should be implemented.

Mote: These proposals do not deal with the question of guarantees, which should be effective and wide. S/11621+ English Annex B Page 1

ANNEX B

Statement by Vice-President Penktash dated 13 February 1975

The Council of Ministers and the Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous Turkish Cypriot Administration, having met in a joint session in Nicosia this 13th day of February 1975 5 and having taken into consideration the fact,

That the Turkish Cypriot community has been continuously obstructed by the Greek Cypriots from exercising its rights under the Constitution;

That the Turkish Cypriot community was forced to live for years under unbearable conditions, deprived of all their economic rights and means under threats and oppression, in areas where they had gathered for self-preservation and for ensuring their security of life and property; and

That, as a result of the Greek Cypriot attempts and threats in the years 1963, 1967 and 197^, to end the independence of the Republic of Cyprus, the Turkish Cypriot community, which is one of the founders of the Republic, was forced to resist such attempts at the expense of grave sacrifices,

Have come to the conclusion that there is no possibility of their living together with the Greek Cypriot'co-founders of the Republic of Cyprus; and

Having come to the conclusion that the only way for bring tranouility, security and permanent peace to the island is for the two communities to live side by side in their respective region, developing their own internal structure; and

Having noted the fact that the Greek Cypriot community has not made any constructive response to the proposals for the establishment of an independent Federal Republic of Cyprus on the above reasonable basis:, and

Having taken into consideration the necessity of putting the Turkish Cypriot community's social and economic life into a new healthy order; and

Having confirmed their belief and determination to oppose resolutely all attempts against the independence of Cyprus, and its partition or union with any other state; and

Believing in the necessity of the non-aligned status of the Republic of Cyprus and expressing their determination not to allow the island to become subservient to any foreign interest; and

Mindful of the necessity of creating in their own region the legal basis of an order leading to the establishment of the future independent, Federal Republic of Cyprus; and S/1162U English Annex B Page 2

Reaffirming that their final objective is to unite with the Greek Cypriot community within the framework of a "biregional federation;

Have resolved that the autonomous Turkish Cypriot administration should be restructured and organized on the basis of a secular and federated state, until such time as the I960 Constitution of the Republic, the basic articles of which were determined by international agreements in compliance with international law,, is amended in a similar manner to become the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Cyprus, and until the said Federal Republic is established.

With this object in view, a 50-member constituent assembly will be set up under the chairmanship of the president of the autonomous Turkish Cypriot administration. S/1162U English Annex C Page 1

AfflEX C

Constitutional proposals submitted toy Mr. Denktash on 13 February 19T5

1. Cyprus is an independent and secular Republic.

2. There shall be made a Constitution for a "bicommunal and biregional Federal State. », 3. Federal laws cannot discriminate against the members of the Turkish and Greek federated states and shall be so made as not to make it possible for one national community to overpower the other in economic and political fields.

U. As the impracticability of the two national communities living together has by experience become known, only those powers necessary for the establishment of the Federation shall be left to the Federal State so as to enable the smooth functioning of the State. All other powers shall be vested in the federated states.

5. Joint institutions will be organized on an equality basis and in such a way as to decisively prevent the de jure and de facto domination of one community by the other.

6. The execution of the foreign relations cannot be conducted against either one of the federated states, Turkish and Greek, which comprise the Federal Republic.

7- ' A Federal Court shall also be established apart from the two federated states.

8. Citizens of the Federal Republic have the right to freely travel between the two federated states which make up the Federal Republic. Citizens of the Federal State are also free to travel or immigrate abroad.

9. The basic human rights and liberties of the citizens of the Federal Republic shall be duly respected.

10. The establishment and the powers of the transitional Government of the Republic of Cyprus which shall carry out duties during the period until the establishment of the Federal Republic of Cyprus shall be regulated by an agreement to be made between the two national communities.

11. The guarantees provided by the I960 international agreements exist and are valid and will continue to exist and to be valid in the same form after the establishment of the Federal Republic. S/1162U English Annex D 1

AWHEX D

Statement toy President Makarios dated 13 February 197?

The decision taken today "by the Turkish Cypriot leadership to proclaim, under a guise, a Turkish Cypriot state constitutes one more attempt to undermine the Cyprus State and confirms the bad faith both of the Turkish Government and the Turkish Cypriot leadership. , The Turkish Cypriot leadership's decision, dictated by Ankara and covered by the Turkish forces, demonstrates utter contempt for the resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly and the Security Council. The Greek Cypriot side, complying with the decisions of the world Organization, has commenced talks with the Turkish Cypriots to find a peaceful solution of the Cyprus problem; The Turkish Cypriot leadership have followed delaying tactics and have been using the intervening period for the consolidation of the faits accomplis created by the force of arms. Despite this, the Greek Cypriot side continued the talks in a constructive spirit and on 10 February submitted to the Turkish Cypriot negotiator proposals for discussion, which constituted the outline of a plan for the solution of the problem. The views and/or counter-proposals of the Turkish Cypriot side were expected. Instead of this, the Turkish Cypriot leadership, acting unilaterally, has taken decisions which prejudge the outcome of the talks and the solution of the Cyprus problem. For the Turks a solution of the Cyprus problem means approval and acceptance 6f faits accomplis by the Greek Cypriots. In the circumstances, it is not possible to carry out constructive negotiations, as provided by resolution 3212 of the United Nations General Assembly. The decision of the Turkish Cypriot leadership and the steps announced by it have dealt a heavy blow to the talks. The Cyprus Government, therefore, deems it necessary to make a recourse to the Security Council. The decision to take such a step has been reached jointly with the Greek Government. S/1162U English Annex E Page -1

A1JMEX E

Statement issued by the Secretary-General on iH February 1975

The United Nations Secretary-General, Kurt Waldheim, who is on an official visit to a number of States in the Gulf area, is closely following recent developments since the Turkish Cypriot decision that "the autonomous Turkish Cypriot administration should be restructured and organized on the basis of a secular and federated state". *

Dr. Waldheim is in constant contact with his office in Hew York and with his Special Representative in Cyprus. He has instructed Ambassador Weckmann-Munoz to express the concern of the Secretary-General at this turn of events to Mr. derides and Mr. Denktash, stressing his belief that only the full and speedy implementation of the relevant resolutions of the United Nations can lead to a.solution of the Cyprus problem.

Secretary-General Waldheim is expected to discuss the new situation when he meets with Turkish and Greek leaders during his forthcoming visit to Ankara and Athens. S/1162U English Annex F Page 1

AHNEX F

Letter dated 28 January 1975 from the Permanent Representative of Greece addressed to the Secretary-General

The Permanent Representative of Greece to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and in reply to his note verbale dated 2U January 19753 requesting information on the progress of implementation of Security Co,uncil resolution Ho. 365 (197^) of 13 December 197^, endorsing resolution Wo. 3212 (XXIX) of the General Assembly, has the honour to bring to his notice the following.

The Greek Government have spared no effort in order that the above-mentioned resolution be implemented.

1. They have thus insisted that contacts between Messrs. Clerides and Denktash on humanitarian problems develop at the earliest possible date into negotiations on political matters, in accordance with the provisions of resolution 3212.

However the Greek Government have noted with regret that the Turkish side, although agreeing in principle on the necessity of an early start of the political talks in Nicosia, had in practice adopted a dilatory attitude.

Thus, the representative of the Turkish Cypriot community, Mr. Denktash, began by putting forward certain preconditions totally irrelevant to the subject matter of the negotiations. For instance, he requested that the question of the guarantees of a future settlement be agreed upon before the terms of a settlement had even been outlined.

The talks finally started on lU January. Since then the Turkish Cypriot side failed to adopt the constructive attitude which would enable the negotiations to proceed with the speed and urgency warranted by the present circumstances. Thus not a single item pertaining to the political solution of the problem has yet been discussed.

In conclusion, the Greek Government have to report that three months after the adoption of resolution 3212 no progress has been made towards the settlement of political matters.

2. The Greek Government have consistently pressed for the implementation of the provision of resolution 3212 stipulating that all refugees should return to their homes in safety.

However, all their efforts have been to no avail. In each case the Turkish side has replied that this question is a political one and should be solved within the framework of a political settlement. This position taken in disregard of the S/1162U English " ? Annex F Page 2 sufferings of tens of thousands of Greek Cypriots refugees entitled to return to their homes "in conditions of safety1' has not prevented to exert pressure upon the British Government in order to obtain that the Turkish Cypriots in the British sovereign base of Episcopi be transported to Turkey and thence to the Turkish occupied area of Cyprus. It is highly deplorable that the British Government gave in to this demand although it ran contrary to resolution 3212 which certainly did not intend to sanction the massive immigration of Turkish Cypriots into the northern area of the island still occupied by the Turkish Army and their settlement in Greek-owned houses and property.

This immigration tends to prejudge matters both political and humanitarian. It caused, therefore, strong emotional reactions and created an adverse psychological climate; it also resulted in the statement by the Foreign Minister of Turkey in the British daily Guardian of 20 January 1975 to the effect that a new de facto situation now existed in Cyprus which would eventually force the Greeks to realize that the separation of the island is unavoidable. ~i 3. The Greek Government have also noted with regret that no progress has been achieved in connexion with the'provision of resolution 3212 on the speedy withdrawal of all foreign armed forces and foreign military presence and personnel from the Republic of Cyprus. The Greek side for its part is ready to withdraw . Greek military personnel from the island, provided the Turkish side fully reciprocated. In this context one cannot but note the enormous disproportion existing between the Turkish troops on the island, amounting to over 35,000 men fully supported by armour and artillery, and the Greek military personnel of a few hundred officers and men.

k. It is abundantly clear therefore that the efforts of the Greek Government to implement Security Council resolution Ho. 365 (19T^) endorsing resolution Ho. 3212 of the General Assembly have so far been frustrated by Turkey's negative stand.

The Permanent Representative of Greece avails himself of this opportunity to renew to the Secretary-General the assurances of his highest consideration. Engli sh Annex G Page 1

ANNEX G

Letter dated 1 February 1975_from. ^he Permanent Representative of Cyprus addressed to the Secretary-General

The Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations presents his compliments to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and in reply to his note verbale dated 2U January 1975, requesting information on the progress of implementation of resolutiqn No. 3212 (XXIX) of the General Assembly, has the honour to bring to his notice the following:

The Government of Cyprus responded in good faith and fully carried out its responsibilities under the aforesaid resolution and Security Council resolutions 36U and 365 of 13 December 197^ 3 as can be seen here below.

Regarding operative paragraph 1 of General Assembly resolution 3212, the independence., sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus continues to be grossly violated by continuing foreign military occupation of ho per cent of its territory.

It may perhaps be recalled that Cyprus, a small defenceless State, Member of the United Nations, has been the victim of ferocious aggression and barbaric invasion by Turkey, another Member State of the United Nations. Cyprus is being still increasingly strangulated under the oppressive foreign occupation of part of its territory. With its indigenous 80 per cent Greek Cypriot population of the occupied area forcibly expelled and rendered destitute refugees, its territory dismembered and its economy disrupted, Cyprus'has been eagerly looking for justice and anxiously awaiting succour from the international community of the United Nations through the implementation of the relevant resolution on Cyprus.

.* However, nearly three months have elapsed since the adoption of resolution 3212 by the General Assembly without any indication of steps towards its implementation by Turkey, the party on whom full and grave responsibility falls for the present situation in Cyprus - in violation of resolution 3212 of the General Assembly, to which Turkey herself agreed and voted for in the United Nations.

It is to be noted furthermore that this resolution having been endorsed unanimously by the Security Council has acquired the validity of a Security Council decision, making its implementation mandatory upon the parties concerned.

Regarding operative paragraph 2 of the resolution, Turkey's refusal or failure so far to implement it and proceed to the "speedy" withdrawal of its armed forces, military presence and personnel from Cyprus, and to cease its interference in the affairs of the island, in accordance with the said paragraph, constitutes a continuing and renewed aggression, in further violation not only of the said resolution and the Charter of the United Nations, but also of customary and conventional international law and more specifically of the Treaty of Guarantee 1960, which was blatantly abused by Turkey's aggression in the guise of guarantor of the independence and the territorial integrity of Cyprus. S/1162U English Annex G Page 2

In respect of paragraphs 3 and k regarding the local talks in Cyprus and calling for the continuation of relevant contacts and negotiations "with a view to reaching freely a mutually acceptable political settlement", my Government has done everything possible to encourage these talks and promote their progress in a positive spirit towards reaching freely agreement on normalization and on a workable political settlement.

Regrettably, however, the Turkish side has adopted delaying tactics. First, by placing irrelevant preconditions for the talks and subsequently by increasingly hardened and irrationally intransigent positions on all issues. This has been to a great measure, if not entirely, due to the arbitrary intervention in the talks by the Turkish Government, through dictatorial pronouncements, purporting to prejudge the solution of the problem.

A glaring instance of the negative effects of such interventions by Turkey is the recent agreement by both sides in the talks for the reopening of the airport on the basis of a plan worked out by the United Nations and Unitt-q States officials, which was frustrated by the uncalled-for intervention of the Foreign Minister of Turkey.

Thus, the talks are deprived of their substance and the essential requirement of free and unencumbered negotiations. Worse still, the Turkish Government tries arbitrarily and.forcibly to create'faits accomplis, in a manner disruptive of the progress of the talks and even destructive of their meaning and purpose.

To this end, Turkey obtained the permission of the British Government to transfer 10,000 Turkish Gypriot refugees from British bases to the north of Cyprus via Turkey in order to take the homes and lands of the forcibly expelled Greek Cypriote, in violation of the resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly which call for the return of the refugees to their homes in safety. It is also a "grave breach" of the Geneva Convention 19^9, article 1^9. It also contravenes the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the relevant covenants.

To this illegal performance, the Foreign Minister of Turkey gives the name of . "new reality", completely ignoring the criminality and injustice involved, and their wider ramifications. These facts have been the subject of my Government's protests to Your Excellency, dated 21 and 29 January 1975 (S/ll603 and S/ll6ll), to which I beg to refer for relevant particulars showing the conduct of Turkey in respect of the talks.

In these circumstances and having regard to the resulting inability of the Turkish Cypriot representative to act otherwise than as the spokesman of Ankara and the Turkish military, it is not surprising that no progress has been made in the talks towards normalization, and not a single aspect of the political solution of the problem has even been broached. In this connexion, the hope is expressed that it will be possible to provide a freer climate for the harmonization of efforts and for more meaningful negotiations. English Annex G Page 3

Parallel, however, to any such important and necessary efforts for progress in negotiations towards the solution of the problem, which in any case require time, there is the compelling urgency for putting an end to the aggression by the withdrawal of the forces of invasion and the return of the refugees to their homes.

In particular reference to paragraph 5 of the resolution,, calling upon the parties concerned to undertake urgent measures for such return of the refugees, my Government has made it abundantly clear that the Turkish Cypriots are free to return to their homes and has offered them all safety in such return, with the additional assurance from the presence of the United Nations force, which has full freedom of movement in the 'territory of the Republic under the control of the Government, (in contrast to the prohibitions placed on such movement in the Turkish controlled area.)

The Turkish Cypriot leadership, however, from political motives, inspired by Ankara, prevents the Turkish Cypriots from returning to their homes under threat of punitive measures for those who would disobey. The political objective being to force them to abandon their residences in the south and be transferred to the north, where they would be illegally transplanted into the usurped properties of the forcibly expelled Greek Cypriot population of that area.

It is a well-known fact that many of the Turkish Cypriot refugees in the British bases wanted to go back to their homes in the south but were forcibly prevented from doing so, as testified by independent evidence. (Refer to document S/ll6lO of 29 January 1975•)

The magnitude of the refugee problem, however, lies in respect of the 200,000 Greek Cypriots, forcibly expelled and uprooted from their homes and lands by the invading army and the resulting grave disruption of the economy of the country. The Turkish Government not only does not adopt "urgent measures" for the return of the displaced persons to their homes, as provided in .resolution 3212, but does not even allow their return and, moreover, through its military forces in the island, adopts tactics of intimidation, threats of violence and ill-treatment of the remaining Greek Cypriots in the occupied part of Cyprus, with the object of forcing them out of the area (annex l). Thus, tension is increased and the general situation in'the island further aggravated.

It is most regrettable that a climate of criminality dominates the actions of the Turkish military forces in Cyprus, of which there are increasing manifestations (annex 2).

The underlying sinister purpose is the destruction of the territorial integrity of Cyprus, involving a direct threat to its very existence as an independent Member State of the United Nations.

The failure of implementation so far of the General Assembly and Security Council resolutions in the case of a small country, relying on the United Nations for its security and existence, will inevitably have grave repercussions in the precarious situation of the Middle East and in the world. English Annex G

The Permanent Representative of the Republic of Cyprus to the United Nations wishes to express his Government's deep appreciation of the Secretary-General's abiding interest and concern over the problem of Cyprus and particularly for the constructive measures he has initiated for the implementation of General Assembly resolution 3212, under the provisions of Security Council resolution 365, and expresses the hope that these measures will yield the desired results.

The Permanent Representative of the Republic of Cyprus to the United Nations avails himself of this opportunity to renew to the Secretary-General of the United Nations the assurances of his highest consideration. English Annex G 5

Annex 1

According to verified reports, the Turkish army has recently engaged in activities aimed at forcibly expelling the Greek Cypriots, who still remain in the Turkish military-occupied areas of the Republic. As a result of these tactics of the Turkish Army, the Greek Cypriot inhabitants of the villages Pentayia, and Kapouti are being forced out of the occupied areas.

In the area of Karpass the Turkish military employ tactics of blackmail and threats against the life of,the remaining Greek Cypriots, in order to force them out of'the area. They proceed after midnight to the houses of Greek Cypriots and threaten their inmates that unless they, leave the area, they will be killed. By threats and coercion they try to obtain the signature of the Greek Cypriot inhabitants on a statement that they wish to be transferred to the southern areas.

A characteristic example is the case of Andreas Zanettos, an elderly and respected resident of Karpass who was recently dragged out of his home by masked Turks and ordered to "dig his grave". He was molested and when finally released he was, with the aid of the International Red Cross, protectively taken out of the area. There are other similar examples of inhuman' treatment intended to force innocent civilians out of their homes in the north. S/1162U English Annex G Page 6

Annex 2

Forty Turkish soldiers mounted on four land-rovers on 7 January 1975, at 1500 hours, raided the area east of Akheritou, about 20 metres outside the S.B.A of Dhekelia and stole the flock of 90 sheep belonging to the two refugee brothers Petros and Andreas Constantinou, of Akheritou village, now refugees at "Vrysoulles" locality. Turkish soldiers mounted on four military trucks and an armoured vehicle raided on 21 January 1975s at noon time, the paper factory "Salamis" belonging to a Greek Cypriot and located on the main Famagusta-Larnaca road, outside the Turkish military-occupied area, near the British base of Dhekelia. By such highway robbery, they carried away a great quantity of paper cartons, furniture and machine equipment of the factory, and also looted a nearby house belonging to a Greek Cypriot. A similar incident was reported when Turkish soldiers attacked and attempted to take over a paper factory in the area of Pano Zodhia in Government-controlled area.. It is obvious that these raids are part of a plan designed to destroy the economy of the Republic.