DOCSLIB.ORG

Environmental Isotope Survey I

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Environmental Isotope Survey I FSPûïîï KO. IAEA-R-1O39-F TITLE Environmental isotope survey I î'IKAL REPORT FOR IKS PERIOD I97I-O9-OI - I978-O7-3O I AUTKOR(S) J.J.Jacovides INSTITUTE Ministry of- Agriculture and Natural Resources Water Development Department Nicosia, Cyprus DAT-: March 1979 I SURVEY (CYPBUS}? I - s sponsored |1 ; h™ 1;:'K:-:\;C. '-.:.y%-•>'>:-,'•''"'•"' -;.V-",~ •* '•>u%c!^v"a*'" • ';;- ':Äv 0'. I ; • I 1 No. H//5 I Republic of Cyprus Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Department of Water Development l\ ENVIRONMENTAL ISOTOPE SURVEY (CYPRUS) Final Report on I.A.E.A. Research Contract No: 1039/RB Prepared by't Jacovos Jacovides I B.So. M.So. Hydrologist M.I.W.E.S. I I I I JANUARY 1979 I r I I I 1 CONTENTS I Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ' 1 1.1 The Research Contract Ho s 1039/R1/RB .... 1 1 1.2 The Research Contract No: 1039/R2/RB .... 1 1.3 The R&soarch Contract No: 1039/R3/RB .... 2 2.0 DESCRIPTION 01' RESEARCH CARRIED OUT 4 2.1 The Survey 4 2.2 The Area Covered by the Survey ». 7 2.2.1 Summary of the geology of the area 7 2.2.2 Climatological characteristics of Cyprus 10 2.2.3 Climatologie conditions on the Troodos area 14 3.0 RESULTS OBTAIFJÍD 21 3.1 Tritium Content in Precipitation ........ 22 3.2 The Stable Isotopes in Précipitation .... 23 3.3 The Altitude Effect on the Oxygen -18 and Deuterium . .......... 32 3.4 Tritium Input and Water Balance ......... 43 3.4.1 Introduction 43 3.4.2 Tho Upper Zone 43 3.4.3 The lower Zone 47 3.5 Areal Variability of Tritium and Stable Isotopes in Groundwator » 51 3.5.1 Area! distribution of Tritium 51 3.5.2 The areal distribution of the stable isotopes 54 I 3.6 The Stable Isotope Content in Groundwater 58 3.7 The Relationship of Tritium Content of I Groundwater and the Storage Capacity of Springs 61 I 3.7.1 The recession analysis 63 3.7.2 The tritium-storage capacity I relationship 64 3.8 The Chemical Character of the Troodos Waters............. 66 I - i - I I 1 3.3 Some Points of Interest Arising from the I Environmental Isotope Survey on the ïroodos Area ..«•••....,.,,..,..,., ,.,... n........ 70 î 4.0 CONCLUSION 75 5.0 STAl'EiteHT OF EXPENDITURE 80 6.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 81 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY 82 Appendix -A- 83 Appendix -B-- 120 I I I LIST OP FIGURES Pig o ••1-- The faults system on Troortos ur^u »....». 11 I Pig, -2- Geological Map of Troodos ,.„.........,.. 12 Pig, -3- Geological cross-section of Trócelos Massif 13 I Pig. ••/;- Average (1941-1970) annuel precipitation 16 Fig* -5" Trixium in précipitation, Correlation between Ottawa and Prodhromos .. .e . 26 I Pig. -6- Tritium in precipitation. Corrulatir-n between Nicosia and Prodhrohios .,.,....,,. 27 I Pig. -7- Tritium content in prceipit¿,tion at Prouhromos ....... 23 Pig. -8- Corrected tritium content in precipitation I to Docoinbor 1977 at Prodhromos .......... 29 Pig. -9- Monthly variation in tritium in I precipitation at ProcLhromos .<,..«,...,...,.. 30 Pig„ "10- Stable isotopes in precipitation 31 I Pig. -11- Relationship between 'o-18 r.nJi altitude.. 37 Pig. -12- Relationship between.'I) and altitude .... 38 Pis;. -13- Altitude vs température of groundwater I (September-October 1976)........4« ,, 39 Pig* --14-- Altitude vs temperature of groundwator I (August-September 1977) <-• .....,.» 40 Pig. -15- Altitude vs temperature of grou^dwater (February 1978) .., ,.., ........ A". I Pig-. -16-- Altitude vs temperature of groundwater (Hay 1978) ,..,„.,.-.....,,...„,» .,... 42 Piß. --17- Bstii.ic.ted recharge .-.nd tritium input for I the upper zone ,..,..»»..,.... Ar Pig., -18- Estimated recharge and tritium input for I the lower zone .,,........,. .a............. 49 Pig. -19^ Map of Troodos area showing the uppe^r and I lower zones and small catchment areas.... 50 Pig. -20- Tritium distribution ..„„„„......,.;' 55 Pig, -21- Oxygen -18 distribution o 59 I Pig, -22- Deuterium distribution ,..,... o.. 60 Pig. -23- The stable isotope content in groundwater I in the Troodos region ,......,. 62 Pig. -24- Recession analysis of Chrysovrysi spring 67 I Pig. -25- Storage capacity and tritium content relationship for springs 68 1 Pig, -26- Piper diagram for the Troodos waters .... 71 - iii &: J¿¿ /-• m I I LIST OP TABLES I -1- Iuvi-tttory of sampling A Tablo -2- Results of isotopic cnalyaos 17 •' i Table -3- Tritium rocord in precipitation 2A Table -A- Tabulation of stable isótopos - altitude !:' i relationships . .* 33 Table -5- Mean monthly evaporation at Prodhromos... AA i Table -6- Estimated recharge and tritium input for upper zone , «.* A1) Table i -7- Estimated recharge and tritium input for lower zone ................. Al i Table -8- Storage capacity of springs and tritium content in groundwator -,.., 66 % i• \\ i i i i I I I I ^- PWWV ..." LEGEND toWifV I 1,0 INTRODUCTION I This is the final report on the research contract no. 1039/RB under the general title "Environmental Isotope I Survey (Cyprus)" carried out by the Water Development Department of the iiinistry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Cyprus, and with the technical and financial 1 assistance oí the International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna. Mr. J S Jacovides, Hydrologies of the \/ater Development Department has been the principal scientific 1; I investigator v/hilst Dr Y Yurtsever and later Dr 7/ Brost of the Division oí Research and Laboratories of I.A.E.A, I - were responsible on scientific matters, in connection to tiie project. 1 «1 The .Research, Contract, _%>_., .1.0,3.9/R.I/Rg The Research Contract Sfo, 1O39/RB was initiated on the 1st of September 1971 with the objective of finding out how best to use environmental isotopes in the inter- pretation of the hydrology, particularly subsurface hydro- logy, of Cyprus through a sparse reconnaissance sampling of all the major aquifers and springs covering the whole island. The distribution of sampling was s ..oh that the survey in itself could assist in clarifying particular hydrogeologic problems, protide a better understanding of the water systems of the island, establish a general environmental isotope - framework of the hydrolo¿ic regimen of Cyprus as v/ell as to provide the basis for I specific, nore detailed, studies to be undertaken subse- quently. I All the particulars pertaining to this early stage of the research contract appear as appendix A of this I report. I 1.2 The Research Contract No. 1039/R2/RB The conclusion reached from the research contract I 1O39/R1/RB was that the survey established a general environmental isotope framework of the hydrologie regimes in the island and that the isotope techniques could find I application in several hydrogeologic problemsJ Thus, the I f V- ! i . tlSjíli I I research contract was renewed under No: 1O39/R2/RB with the objective of employing the environmental iso+ope techniques m I two main aquifers„ the alluvial Western Lesaoria and the Karstic Kyrenia Ran¿e aquifer. The concurrent application of environmental l-ctdioisotopes was expected to assist in the I interpretation of the results obtained by the more classicjl methodology and at the same time enable some evaluation and I comparison of the different methodologies» The initial sampling and results obtained during the I period of September 1972 to -Soveruber 1973 appear as appendix B of this reporte I The results obtained were quite interesting and helpful in delineating aquifer boundaries, recharge zones etc. I indicating that these techniques could assist in actual problem solving. Progress in this direction though»was interrupted due I to the 1974 tragic events in Cyprus v/hen both oreas mentioned above became unaccessible having been occupied by a foreign force 1 1 ,3 The project was virtually interrupted until Liay 1977 i v/hen a third renewal was granted to April 1973 with the rese r-ch directed to a new area, the centi-nl part of the fractured igncov.e <! I Troodos Liountain Range» The objective of the study was to obtain a better 1 understanding of the hydrogeologic system and its water resourcen potential: through the application of environmental isotope?: anö. r I in particular to assist in resolving the following proble .isc (i) Identification of aquifer systems in the area- I (ii) Processes of recharge of aquifers. I (iii) Altitude effect on 18Q of recharge water and identification of mean altitude of recharge I z one s, (iv) Mixture of different bodies of water having I different recharge areas. Since the main resulta and conclusions derived in the 1 areas studied by the two previous research contracts appear in the appendices A and B the final report would endeavour more I I I - 14 - I - 3 - I on the results and findings of the research on the ïroodos Lassif. The study area has ">nly recently e ,tracted suffis: snt I attention for comprehensive hydrogeolo^ical study because of the relatively successful results of recent drilling in the I auspices of ¡a major .local project for integrated rural development. The area receive« the highest rainfall, the jnly ' I snow in the Island and it has the highest density of springs in the country, it is covered by dense forest in woßt areas and a large number of thriving, si.i^ll c^nuunitice-are found there» The favourable climate in the summer makes the area a touristic attraction and also the place where most of the fruit- trees are grown. Due to the complicated and adverse geology of the r>T->o no systematic development of the water resources has ever been undertaken until recently. The non-existence of systematic hydrogeolot,ical studies in the area made the evaluation of the findings of thj s project very difficult but at the saue time the challenge of putting the radioisotope techniques into application such that could direct and assist conventional hydrogeolo^ical methods has been thought to be quite rewarding.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • About Limassol
    ABOUT LIMASSOL The district of Limassol which covers the south part of Cyprus, borders with the district of Larnaca in the east, with the district of Paphos in the west, as well as with the capital Nicosia in the north. The area of Limassol is 1,393 km² i.e. 15% of the whole area of Cyprus. About 80 km of Limassol is washed by the sea. Combining its roles as the second largest city, the island's main port, the centre of the wine industry and a bustling holiday resort, Lemesos emerges as a spirited and cosmopolitan seaside town. Limassol is a lively town largely due to the character of Lemesolians, a fun- loving lot. No wonder it holds the island's two top festivals, the pre-lenten Carnival with fancy dress balls, parades and festivities and the Wine Festival in September, a wine extravaganza where wine flows freely for everyone to enjoy, courtesy of the local wineries. Limassol emerged out of the two most important ancient city-kingdoms, Amathous, to the east of the town, and Kourion to the west, both of which are being extensively excavated. The magnificent setting of the ancient Kourion Theater is used for summer concerts and theatrical productions. In the middle Ages, Limassol hosted the marriage of Richard the Lionheart with Berengaria of Navarre from whom he crowned Queen of England. Thereafter the Crusaders made their headquarters at the Square keep west of the city, known as Kolossi Medieval Castle, where they fostered the making of wines, particularly the sweet dessert wine “Commandaria” – the oldest named wine in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • 31$ No. 337. the CURFEWS LAWS, 1955. in Exercise .Of the Powers
    31$ No. 337. THE CURFEWS LAWS, 1955. LAWS 17 AND 47 OF 1955. ORDER MADE UNDER SECTION 2. In exercise .of the powers vested in the Governor by section 2 of the Curfews Laws, 1955, and delegated to me under section 2Α of the said Laws by Notification No. 618 published in Supplement No. 3 to the Gazette of the 13th October, 1955, I do hereby order as follows :— 1. This Order may be cited as the Curfews (Nicosia District No. 14) Order, 1956. 2. No person within the area prescribed in the First Schedule hereto shall be out of doors between the hours prescribed in the Second Schedule hereto except under the authority of a written permit granted by the Commissioner of Nicosia or the Assistant Commissioner of Police in charge of the area: 3. Provided that this Order shall not apply to any member of the Executive Council, Her Majesty's Forces, or the Cyprus Police Force. This Order shall come into force on the 23rd day of April, 1956. FIRST SHEDULE. Within the Municipal limits of Nicosia and the Village areas of Stro- volos, Engomi, Ayios Dhometios, Trakhonas, Omorphita, Beuyuk Kaimakli and Palouriotissa. SECOND SCHEDULE. From 18.00 hours the 23rd April, 1956 until 04.00 a.m. on 24th April, 1956. Ordered this 23rd day of April, 1956. W. F. M. CLEMENS, Commissioner of Nicosia. No. 338. THE CURFEWS LAWS, 1955. LAWS 17 AND 47 OF 1955. ORDER MADE UNDER SECTION 2. In exercise of the powers vested in the Governor by section 2 of the Curfews Laws, 1955, and delegated to me under section 2A of the said Laws by Notification No.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 GE.20-08066(E) Human Rights Council Forty-Third Session
    United Nations A/HRC/43/G/41 General Assembly Distr.: General 18 June 2020 Original: English Human Rights Council Forty-third session 24 February–20 March 2020 Agenda item 2 Annual report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and reports of the Office of the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General Note verbale dated 18 March 2020 from the Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva addressed to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva and other international organizations in Switzerland presents its compliments to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and has the honour to convey a copy of a letter by the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Prof. Kudret Özersay (see annex), which reflects the Turkish Cypriot views on the report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of human rights in Cyprus (A/HRC/43/22), submitted to the Human Rights Council at its forty-third session. The Permanent Mission of the Republic of Turkey would appreciate it if the present note and the annex thereto* could be duly circulated as a document of the forty-third session of the Human Rights Council. * Reproduced as received, in the language of submission only. GE.20-08066(E) A/HRC/43/G/41 Annex to the note verbale dated 18 March 2020 from the Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations Office at Geneva addressed to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Letter dated 13 March 2020 of H.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of the Geomorphology of Cyprus
    STUDY OF THE GEOMORPHOLOGY OF CYPRUS FINAL REPORT Unger and Kotshy (1865) – Geological Map of Cyprus PART 1/3 Main Report Metakron Consortium January 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1/3 1 Introduction 1.1 Present Investigation 1-1 1.2 Previous Investigations 1-1 1.3 Project Approach and Scope of Work 1-15 1.4 Methodology 1-16 2 Physiographic Setting 2.1 Regions and Provinces 2-1 2.2 Ammochostos Region (Am) 2-3 2.3 Karpasia Region (Ka) 2-3 2.4 Keryneia Region (Ky) 2-4 2.5 Mesaoria Region (Me) 2-4 2.6 Troodos Region (Tr) 2-5 2.7 Pafos Region (Pa) 2-5 2.8 Lemesos Region (Le) 2-6 2.9 Larnaca Region (La) 2-6 3 Geological Framework 3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Terranes 3-2 3.3 Stratigraphy 3-2 4 Environmental Setting 4.1 Paleoclimate 4-1 4.2 Hydrology 4-11 4.3 Discharge 4-30 5 Geomorphic Processes and Landforms 5.1 Introduction 5-1 6 Quaternary Geological Map Units 6.1 Introduction 6-1 6.2 Anthropogenic Units 6-4 6.3 Marine Units 6-6 6.4 Eolian Units 6-10 6.5 Fluvial Units 6-11 6.6 Gravitational Units 6-14 6.7 Mixed Units 6-15 6.8 Paludal Units 6-16 6.9 Residual Units 6-18 7. Geochronology 7.1 Outcomes and Results 7-1 7.2 Sidereal Methods 7-3 7.3 Isotopic Methods 7-3 7.4 Radiogenic Methods – Luminescence Geochronology 7-17 7.5 Chemical and Biological Methods 7-88 7.6 Geomorphic Methods 7-88 7.7 Correlational Methods 7-95 8 Quaternary History 8-1 9 Geoarchaeology 9.1 Introduction 9-1 9.2 Survey of Major Archaeological Sites 9-6 9.3 Landscapes of Major Archaeological Sites 9-10 10 Geomorphosites: Recognition and Legal Framework for their Protection 10.1
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Open Door Festival Programme
    PARTICIPANTS Cancer Research Fund Cyprus Turkish Biologists Association for Research and Protection of Nature FAMAGUSTA Human Resources Management Association Association for Historical Dialogue - AHDR CSO Home for Cooperation Cyprus Youth Council Cyprus Hearing and Speech Impaired Foundation - KİKEV FAIR Association of Cave Enthusiasts Cyprus Turkish Orthopaedic Disability Association SOS Children’s Village Association PeacePlayers - Cyprus Famagusta Walled City Association Chatos Health and Culture Association Forever Friends Larnaca Turkish Women’s Union Association 13 Famagusta Women’s Development Center - MAKAMER NICOSIA CSO FAIR OCTOBER Slow Food Salamis SEPTEMBER SELiMiYE SQUARE SATURDAY Cyprus Turkish Dietitians Union SATURDAY 17.00 - 20.00 16.00 - 19.00 Cyprus Turkish Pediatry Association 15 Help Those with Cancer Association - Trikomo/İskele & Famagusta Branch Famagusta Culture Association Namık Kemal Limnia Women’s Union Association Cyprus Turkish Association of Managers FAMAGUSTA CSO FAIR Pikadilli Square Cyprus Green Action Group OCTOBER NAMIK KEMAL SQUARE Events by civilPasaj society organisations, 13 SATURDAY 16.00 - 19.00 British Council EU Scholarship Programme Cyprus Green Crescent Organizing Committee concerts, dance Cyprus Women’sshows, Health Research activities Association for kids, “See Why” and many Theother Columba-Herschel: exciting Astronomy for activities... Peace Project Cyprus Girls Can ThisFamagusta project Youth Center - MAGEM is funded CYPRUS by the European Union. For detailed
    [Show full text]
  • Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizing of Carrots
    TECHNICAL BULLETIN 99 ISSN 0070-2315 NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZING OF CARROTS P.I. Orphanos and V. D. Krentos AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZING OF CARROTS P.I. Orphanos and V. D. Krentos SUMMARY Carrots have been an important export crop since the mid 1950s but the course of theindustly in production, price of the produce and exports has been rather enatic. The crop is sown in November and harvested in April through June. Before 1974 carrot growing was concentrated in the Argaki-Katokopia-Zodhia area. The eight experiments reported here were carried out in this area over the period 1968-71, and tested the combinations of four rates of N (0.63, 126. and 189 kgha) and four rates of P (0.23,46,and 69 kgiha). As a result of previous fertilizer P application. all experimental soils but one tested more than 8 ppm Olsen P. The test variety was Chantenay but in the last experiment Nantes was also included. In sir out of the eight experiments N increased yield significantly, and 63 to 1'26 kg Niha was required for maximum yield. By contrast only in one experiment in which the soil tested a mere 1 ppm Olsen P was yield increased by fertilizer P up to the rate of 46 kg Piha. The increase in yield due to N application was accompanied by a coincident increase in the percentage of exportable yield but at the highest N rate (189 kg Nha) percent exportable yield slightly declined. The dry matter content and the N,P and K contents of the roots were not influenced by either N or P fertilizing.
    [Show full text]
  • Authentic Route 4
    Cyprus Authentic Route 4 Safety Driving in Cyprus Comfort Rural Accommodation Only DIGITAL Tips Useful Information Version Celebrating the Vine Lemesos • Pano Polemidia • Apesia • Korfi • Limnatis • Kapileio • Agios Mamas • Pelendri • Potamitissa • Dymes • Agros • Chandria • Kyperounta • Troodos Square • Lemithou • Prodromos • Palaiomylos • Trooditissa Monastery • Foini • Kato and Pano Platres • Mandria • Omodos • Pera Pedi • Kouka • Silikou • Lofou • Lemesos Route 4 Lemesos – Pano Polemidia – Apesia – Korfi – Limnatis – Kapileio – Agios Mamas – Pelendri – Potamitissa – Dymes – Agros – Chandria – Kyperounta – Troodos Square – Lemithou – Prodromos – Palaiomylos – Trooditissa Monastery – Foini – Kato and Pano Platres – Mandria – Omodos – Pera Pedi – Kouka – Silikou – Lofou – Lemesos Moutoullas Panagia Panagia Archangelos Kannavia Agia Eirini tou Araka Mylikouri Pedoulas Spilia Saranti Lagoudera TROODOS Lemithou Livadia Platanistasa Prodromos Chandria Alithinou Fterikoudi Polystypos Kaminaria Palaiomylos Kyperounta Alona Askas Kato Apliki Treis Agios Agridia Amiantos Palaichori Elies Dimitrios TROODOS Dymes Agros Farmakas Ε4 Metamorfosis Trooditissa SQUARE Potamitissa Agios tou Sotiros Kampi Mesa Ioannis Agios Foini Pano Potamos Pelendri Panagia Theodoros Katholiki Platres Kato Odou Kato Mylos Platres Timios PITSILIA Moniatis Stavros Agios Agios Sykopetra Agios Mandria Pavlos Konstantinos Nikolaos Timios Pera Agios Stavros Pedi Kouka Mamas Zoopigi Kalo Agia Mavri Trimiklini Omodos Chorio Arakapas Arsos Koilani Silikou KOUMANDARIAKapileio
    [Show full text]
  • Security Council Distr.: General 4 June 2007
    United Nations S/2007/328 Security Council Distr.: General 4 June 2007 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Operation in Cyprus I. Introduction 1. The present report on the United Nations operation in Cyprus covers developments from 25 November 2006 to 25 May 2007, and brings up to date the record of activities carried out by the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) pursuant to Security Council resolution 186 (1964) and subsequent Council resolutions, the most recent being resolution 1728 (2006). 2. As at 30 April 2007, the strength of the military component stood at 856 all ranks and the strength of the police component stood at 64 (see annex). II. Mission of good offices and other developments 3. On 15 December, the Security Council adopted resolution 1728 (2006), by which, inter alia, it expressed full support for the process agreed upon by the Greek Cypriot leader, Tassos Papadopoulos, and the Turkish Cypriot leader, Mehmet Ali Talat, on 8 July 2006, and encouraged active participation in bicommunal discussions as described in the letter dated 15 November 2006 from the then Under-Secretary-General Ibrahim Gambari, to which both leaders had responded positively, under the auspices of my Special Representative. The Security Council called for the early completion of the preparatory phase so that a fully fledged good offices process might resume as soon as possible. At the same time, the Council regretted the continued lack of trust between the parties, which had prevented the implementation of the 8 July agreement. 4. Over the past six months, my Special Representative has continued efforts aimed at facilitating the implementation of the 8 July agreement (see S/2006/572) through intensive discussions with the two leaders and their representatives.
    [Show full text]
  • A Description of the Historic Monuments of Cyprus. Studies in the Archaeology and Architecture of the Island
    Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028551319 NICOSIA. S. CATHARINE'S CHURCH. A DESCRIPTION OF THE Historic iftlonuments of Cyprus. STUDIES IN THE ARCHEOLOGY AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE ISLAND WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM MEASURED DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS. BT GEORGE JEFFERY, F.S.A., Architect. * * * * CYPRUS: Printed by William James Archer, Government Printer, At the Government Printing Office, Nicosia. 1918. CONTENTS. ILLUSTRATIONS. Frontispiece. S. Catharine's Church facing Title . Page Arms of Henry VIII. or England on an Old Cannon . 1 Arms of de L'Isle Adam on an Old Cannon St. Catherine's Church, Nicosia, South Side Plan of Nicosia Town St. Catherine's Church, Nicosia, Plan . „ ,, „ Section Arms of Renier on Palace, Famagusta . Sea Gate and Cidadel, Famagusta Citadel of Famagusta, Elevations ,. Plans Famagusta Fortifications, The Ravelin Ancient Plan of a Ravelin Famagusta Fortifications, Moratto Bastion ,, „ Sea Gate ,, „ St. Luca Bastion St. George the Latin, Famagusta, Section Elevation Plan Plan of Famagusta Gates of Famagusta Church of Theotokos, Galata „ Paraskevi, Galata „ Archangelos, Pedoulas Trikukkia Monastery. Church of Archangelos, Pedoulas Panayia, Tris Elijes Plan of Kyrenia Castle Bellapaise, General Plan . „ Plan of Refectory „ Section of Refectory „ Pulpit in Refectory St. Nicholas, Perapedi Ay. Mavra, Kilani Panayia, Kilani The Fort at Limassol, Plan . SHOET BIBLIOGEAPHY. The Principal Books on Cyprus Archeology and Topography. Amadi, F. Chronicle (1190-1438) Paris, 1891. Bordone, B. Isolario Venice, 1528. Bruyn, C. de, Voyage (1683-1693) London, 1702.
    [Show full text]
  • Maritime Narratives of Prehistoric Cyprus: Seafaring As Everyday Practice
    Journal of Maritime Archaeology (2020) 15:415–450 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11457-020-09277-7(0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) ORIGINAL PAPER Maritime Narratives of Prehistoric Cyprus: Seafaring as Everyday Practice A. Bernard Knapp1 Accepted: 8 September 2020 / Published online: 16 October 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020 Abstract This paper considers the role of seafaring as an important aspect of everyday life in the communities of prehistoric Cyprus. The maritime capabilities developed by early seafarers enabled them to explore new lands and seas, tap new marine resources and make use of accessible coastal sites. Over the long term, the core activities of seafaring revolved around the exploitation of marine and coastal resources, the mobility of people and the transport and exchange of goods. On Cyprus, although we lack direct material evidence (e.g. shipwrecks, ship representations) before about 2000 BC, there is no question that begin- ning at least by the eleventh millennium Cal BC (Late Epipalaeolithic), early seafarers sailed between the nearby mainland and Cyprus, in all likelihood several times per year. In the long stretch of time—some 4000 years—between the Late Aceramic Neolithic and the onset of the Late Chalcolithic (ca. 6800–2700 Cal BC), most archaeologists passively accept the notion that the inhabitants of Cyprus turned their backs to the sea. In contrast, this study entertains the likelihood that Cyprus was never truly isolated from the sea, and considers maritime-related materials and practices during each era from the eleventh to the early second millennium Cal BC. In concluding, I present a broader picture of everything from rural anchorages to those invisible maritime behaviours that may help us better to understand seafaring as an everyday practice on Cyprus.
    [Show full text]
  • S/2017/1008 Security Council
    United Nations S/2017/1008 Security Council Distr.: General 28 November 2017 Original: English Strategic review of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2369 (2017), in which the Council requested a strategic review of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) focused on findings and recommendations for how UNFICYP should be optimally configured to implement its existing mandate, based exclusively on a rigorous evidence-based assessment of the impact of UNFICYP activities. 2. In line with the request of the Security Council, the review focused on an assessment of the key functions, tasks, and activities of UNFICYP, and their respective impact. At the same time, the review assessed the Force’s existing capacity and capabilities in an effort to ensure that it would be optimally configured to fulfil its mandated tasks. II. Methodology 3. The strategic review was led by an external expert, Wolfgang Weisbrod-Weber, former Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara. Mr. Weisbrod-Weber was supported by a review team consisting of representatives from the Departments of Peacekeeping Operations, Field Support, Political Affairs and Safety and Security of the Secretariat, as well as staff of UNFICYP. 4. The UNFICYP review process was conducted in three stages. First, consultations were undertaken, at both Headquarters and UNFICYP, with relevant stakeholders, including representatives of the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities and of the Member States concerned, on the proposed objectives, methodology and timeline of the strategic review.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wild Bees
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 924: 1–114 (2020)The wild bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of the island of Cyprus 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.924.38328 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The wild bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of the island of Cyprus Androulla I. Varnava1, Stuart P.M. Roberts2, Denis Michez3, John S. Ascher4, Theodora Petanidou5, Stavroula Dimitriou5, Jelle Devalez5, Marilena Pittara1, Menelaos C. Stavrinides1 1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Arch. Kyprianos 30, Limassol, 3036, Cyprus 2 CAER, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, The University of Reading, Reading, UK 3 Research Institute of Bioscience, Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons, Place du parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium 4 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore 5 Laboratory of Biogeography & Ecology, Department of Geo- graphy, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece Corresponding author: Androulla I. Varnava ([email protected]); Menelaos C. Stavrinides ([email protected]) Academic editor: Michael S. Engel | Received 18 July 2019 | Accepted 25 November 2019 | Published 6 April 2020 http://zoobank.org/596BC426-C55A-40F5-9475-0934D8A19095 Citation: Varnava AI, Roberts SPM, Michez D, Ascher JS, Petanidou T, Dimitriou S, Devalez J, Pittara M, Stavrinides MC (2020) The wild bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of the island of Cyprus. ZooKeys 924: 1–114.https://doi. org/10.3897/zookeys.924.38328 Abstract Cyprus, the third largest island in the Mediterranean, constitutes a biodiversity hotspot with high rates of plant endemism. The wild bees of the island were studied extensively by the native George Mavro- moustakis, a world-renowned bee taxonomist, who collected extensively on the island from 1916 to 1957 and summarised his results in a series of eight Cyprus-specific papers published from 1949 [“1948”] to 1957.
    [Show full text]