DOCSLIB.ORG

Landmarks in Plant Pathology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Landmarks in Plant Pathology Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 1Landmarks in Plant Pathology Landmarks in Plant Pathology 1 Early Recognition of Plant Diseases c. 300 BC Theophrastus of Lesbos – references to plant diseases in Historia plantarum and De causis plantarum. c. AD 50 Caius Plinius Secundus – references to common diseases such as mildew and rusts of cereals in Historia naturalis. c. AD 700 Cassianus Bassus – Geoponica – a compilation of Byzantine agriculture with many references to plant diseases. c. AD 1200 Ibn-al Awam – Kitab al-Felahah – Arabic treatise from Seville with a chapter on problems of regional fruit crops. Beginnings of Plant Pathology 1665 Robert Hooke – Micrographia contains first illustration of a microscopic plant pathogen (rose rust). 1755 Mathieu Tillet demonstrates seed-borne nature of wheat bunt (Tilletia caries). 1794 J.J. Plenk publishes Physiologia et Pathologia Plantarum con- taining a classification of plant diseases based on symptoms. 1802 William Forsyth introduces lime sulphur for control of mildew on fruit trees – first example of generally used fungicide. 1807 I.-B. Prevost publishes first experimental proof of fungal patho- genicity on plants. 1845–1849 Potato blight (Phytophthora infestans) epidemics in Ireland. CAB International 2002. Plant Pathologist’s Pocketbook (eds J.M. Waller, J.M. Lenné and S.J. Waller) 1 11 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:47 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 2 Landmarks in Plant Pathology 1853 Anton de Bary publishes Unterschungen über die brandpilze and established the role of fungi as plant pathogens. 1858 Julius Kuhn publishes Die Krankheiten der Kulturgewachse – the first plant pathology text. 1865/66 De Bary demonstrates heteroecism in Puccinia graminis. 1868–1882 Coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) epidemics in Sri Lanka and classic studies on its aetiology by Marshal Ward. 1874 Paul Soraur publishes first edition of Handbuch für Pflanzen- krankheiten of which there have been many subsequent editions. 1878–1885 Vine downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) epidemics in France precipitate introduction of Bordeaux mixture by Millardet. 1885 J.C. Arthur provides first proof of bacterial pathogenicity to plants with fire blight (Erwinia amylovora). 1886–1898 Tobacco mosaic recognized as a virus disease transmitted by ‘contagious living fluid’ by Mayer, Ivanovski and Beijerinck. 1889 Hot water treatment of seed introduced for control of loose smut of wheat (Ustilago tritici). Development of Basis for Modern Plant Pathology 1891/92 First plant pathology journals (Zietschrift für Pflanzenkrank- heiten and Revista di Patologia Vegetale) published. 1894 Jacob Eriksson demonstrates host-specific special forms of cereal rusts. 1904 Rowland Biffen demonstrates Mendelian inheritance of resistance to rust in cereals. 1907 First university department of plant pathology founded at Cornell University, New York. 1908 American Phytopathology Society founded. 1913 Recognition of physiologic races of Puccinia graminis by Stakman. First use of organo-mercurial fungicides for seed application in Germany. 1914 First ‘International Phytopathological Convention of Rome’ held but resolutions never ratified. 1920 Imperial Bureau of Mycology founded in UK(a forebear of CABI Bioscience) – production of Review of Plant Pathology (as Review of Applied Mycology) commences 2 years later. E.F. Smith publishes Introduction to Bacterial Diseases of Plants. 1929 ‘International Convention for the Protection of Plants’ in Rome produces first limited internationally agreed protocols for restricting the spread of plant diseases. 1934 Dithiocarbamate fungicides developed and patented by Du Pont. 1937 F.C. Bawden and N.W. Pirie establish nucleoprotein nature of viruses. 12 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:47 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Landmarks in Plant Pathology 3 1946 Flor establishes ‘gene-for-gene’ hypothesis for genetic inter- action of resistance and virulence for flax rust Melampsora lini. 1951 European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization founded as first of several regional plant protection organizations. 1952 International Plant Protection Convention submitted to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and agreed in principle. 1963 Annual Review of Phytopathology begins. J.E. Vanderplank publishes Plant Diseases: Epidemics and Control. First example of biological control of a disease – Heterobasidion annosum by Peniophora gigantea. 1965 Discovery of first systemic fungicide, carboxin. 1967 First recognition of phytoplasmas (mycoplasma-like organisms) as plant pathogens. 1968 First International Congress of Plant Pathology held in London. 1969 First computer simulation program for plant disease epidemics. 1970 Southern corn leaf blight epidemic on hybrid (Tms) maize in USA. 1971 Deiner establishes potato spindle tuber as first recognized viroid disease. 1977/78 Plant Disease: An Advanced Treatise (3 Vols) by Horsfall and Cowling published. 1986 Plants genetically transformed to express virus coat proteins shown to be resistant to same virus. 1992 First examples of plant resistance genes isolated. General References Ainsworth, G.C. (1981) An Introduction to the History of Plant Pathology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 315 pp. Carefoot, G.L. and Sprot, E.R. (1967) Famine in the Wind. Rand McNally, Chicago, USA. Large, E.C. (1940) Advance of the Fungi. Jonathan Cape, London, UK, 488 pp. Parris, G.K. (1968) A Chronology of Plant Pathology. Johnson & Sons, Mississippi, USA. 13 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Tuesday, October 30, 2001 3:08:08 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 10BacteriaG. Saddler and Plant Disease Bacteria and Plant Disease 10 G. Saddler CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK Introduction Bacteria are ubiquitous and physiologically diverse; those that are found in association with plants exist as epiphytes, endophytes and pathogens. Phytopathogens, members of the latter group, are relatively few in both type and number (Kado, 1992; Sigee, 1993). All bacterial phytopathogens described to date fall within the Domain Bacteria (formerly known as the Eubacteria). Most possess common morphological characteristics, namely, straight or slightly curved rods with rigid cell walls and aerobic or facultatively anaerobic metabolism. An exception to this rule are members of the Class Mollicutes, which, though related to Gram-positive bacteria such as clostridia and bacilli, lack a rigid cell wall. These organisms are dealt with separately in Chapter 12. Bacterial phytopathogens possessing a cell wall can be subdivided into Gram-positive and Gram-negative. These groupings, based on a well- established microscopy stain, roughly equate with the more recent phylo- genetic treatment of bacteria. In this regard, all Gram-negative bacterial plant pathogens are encompassed within the Class Proteobacteria (Stackebrandt et al., 1988) whilst the Gram-positives are recovered in Class Actinobacteria (Stackebrandt et al., 1997). Most phytopathogenic bacteria are Gram-negative, the majority of which belong to the genera Acidovorax, Agrobacterium, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia and Xanthomonas (Table 1). The few Gram-positive pathogens are mainly contained within the genera Clavibacter, Curtobacterium, Rathayibacter and Streptomyces. For detailed information on many bacterial phytopathogens see Bradbury (1986). CAB International 2002. Plant Pathologist’s Pocketbook 94 (eds J.M. Waller, J.M. Lenné and S.J. Waller) 104 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:38:08 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Bacteria and Plant Disease 95 Table 10.1. The major types of plant-pathogenic bacteria. Genus/species General disease symptoms Gram-negative bacteria Acetobacter spp. Pink disease of pineapple fruit Acidovorax spp. Leaf blight, leaf spots/streak Agrobacterium spp. Crown gall, hairy root formation Burkholderia spp. Vascular wilts, rots Enterobacter spp. Cankers, leaf spots and rots Erwinia spp. Vascular wilts, dry necroses, leaf spots and soft rots Gluconobacter oxydans Pink disease of pineapple fruit Pantoea spp. Vascular wilts, rots Pseudomonas spp. Leaf spots, vascular wilts, soft rots Ralstonia spp. Vascular wilts Rhizobacter daucus Bacterial gall of carrot Serratia marcescens Crown and root rot of lucerne Xanthomonas spp. Leaf spots, vascular wilts, stem cankers Xylella fastidiosa Pierce’s disease of grape Xylophilus ampelinus Bacterial blight of grape Gram-positive bacteria Arthrobacter ilicis Holly bacterial blight Clavibacter spp. Vascular wilts, cankers Curtobacterium spp. Silvering disease, vascular wilts Nocardia vaccinii Blueberry gall Rathayibacter spp. Gumming disease Rhodococcus fascians Leafy gall Streptomyces spp. (S. scabies) Potato scab Significant Bacterial Plant Pathogens Gram-negative genera Acidovorax This is a member of the family Comamonadaceae in the β-subdivision of the class Proteobacteria. Members of this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Pseudomonas. The genus Acidovorax was created after extensive taxonomic studies indicated a number of species were quite distinct from the genus Pseudomonas
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Autotrophy in Groundwater Ecosystems
    Dissertation der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Autotrophy in Groundwater Ecosystems Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades vorgelegt von Claudia Sabine Kellermann aus München München im November 2008 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Anton Hartmann, LMU München 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Dirk Schüler, LMU München Tag der Abgabe: 06.11.2008 Tag des Promotionskolloquiums: 15.07.2009 Publications originating from this Thesis Chapter 2 Kellermann, C & Griebler, C (2008) Thiobacillus thiophilus D24TNT sp. nov., a chemolithoautotrophic, thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from contaminated aquifer sediments. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM), 59: 583-588 Chapter 3 Kellermann, C, Selesi, D, Hartmann, A, Lee, N, Hügler, M, Esperschütz, J, & Griebler, C (2008) Chemolithoautotrophy in an organically polluted aquifer – Potential for CO2 fixation and in situ bacterial autotrophic activity. (in preparation) Contributions Chapter 3 Enzyme assays were performed in cooperation with Dr. Michael Hügler at the IFM- GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany. Chapter 4 FISH-MAR analysis was performed in cooperation with Prof. Dr. Natuschka Lee at the Technical University Munich, Germany. Enzyme assays were performed in cooperation with Dr. Michael Hügler at the IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany. PLFA analysis was performed by Dr. Jürgen Esperschütz at the Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Germany. I hereby confirm the above statements Claudia Kellermann Prof. Dr. Anton Hartmann Autotrophy in Groundwater Ecosystems Claudia Kellermann Abstract: The major role in global net CO2 fixation plays photosynthesis of green plants, algae and cyanobacteria, but other microorganisms are also important concerning autotrophy; i.e. autotrophic microorganisms can be found in most bacterial groups (Eubacteria) and there are even numerous representatives within the Archaea.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Bacterial Flora Identification Via Rapid Cellular Fatty Acid Analysis
    Fish bacterial flora identification via rapid cellular fatty acid analysis Item Type Thesis Authors Morey, Amit Download date 09/10/2021 08:41:29 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/4939 FISH BACTERIAL FLORA IDENTIFICATION VIA RAPID CELLULAR FATTY ACID ANALYSIS By Amit Morey /V RECOMMENDED: $ Advisory Committe/ Chair < r Head, Interdisciplinary iProgram in Seafood Science and Nutrition /-■ x ? APPROVED: Dean, SchooLof Fisheries and Ocfcan Sciences de3n of the Graduate School Date FISH BACTERIAL FLORA IDENTIFICATION VIA RAPID CELLULAR FATTY ACID ANALYSIS A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE By Amit Morey, M.F.Sc. Fairbanks, Alaska h r A Q t ■ ^% 0 /v AlA s ((0 August 2007 ^>c0^b Abstract Seafood quality can be assessed by determining the bacterial load and flora composition, although classical taxonomic methods are time-consuming and subjective to interpretation bias. A two-prong approach was used to assess a commercially available microbial identification system: confirmation of known cultures and fish spoilage experiments to isolate unknowns for identification. Bacterial isolates from the Fishery Industrial Technology Center Culture Collection (FITCCC) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) were used to test the identification ability of the Sherlock Microbial Identification System (MIS). Twelve ATCC and 21 FITCCC strains were identified to species with the exception of Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. putida which could not be distinguished by cellular fatty acid analysis. The bacterial flora changes that occurred in iced Alaska pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) were determined by the rapid method.
    [Show full text]
  • Acidovorax Citrulli
    Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin (2016) 46 (3), 444–462 ISSN 0250-8052. DOI: 10.1111/epp.12330 European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Organisation Europe´enne et Me´diterrane´enne pour la Protection des Plantes PM 7/127 (1) Diagnostics Diagnostic PM 7/127 (1) Acidovorax citrulli Specific scope Specific approval and amendment This Standard describes a diagnostic protocol for Approved in 2016-09. Acidovorax citrulli.1 This Standard should be used in conjunction with PM 7/76 Use of EPPO diagnostic protocols. strain, were mainly isolated from non-watermelon, cucurbit 1. Introduction hosts such as cantaloupe melon (Cucumis melo var. Acidovorax citrulli is the causal agent of bacterial fruit cantalupensis), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), honeydew blotch and seedling blight of cucurbits (Webb & Goth, melon (Cucumis melo var. indorus), squash and pumpkin 1965; Schaad et al., 1978). This disease was sporadic until (Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita the late 1980s (Wall & Santos, 1988), but recurrent epi- moschata) whereas Group II isolates were mainly recovered demics have been reported in the last 20 years (Zhang & from watermelon (Walcott et al., 2000, 2004; Burdman Rhodes, 1990; Somodi et al., 1991; Latin & Hopkins, et al., 2005). While Group I isolates were moderately 1995; Demir, 1996; Assis et al., 1999; Langston et al., aggressive on a range of cucurbit hosts, Group II isolates 1999; O’Brien & Martin, 1999; Burdman et al., 2005; Har- were highly aggressive on watermelon but moderately ighi, 2007; Holeva et al., 2010; Popovic & Ivanovic, 2015). aggressive on non-watermelon hosts (Walcott et al., 2000, The disease is particularly severe on watermelon (Citrullus 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • 2006.01) A61P 31/04 (2006.01) SANTIAGO TORIO, Ana; C/O SNIPR BIOME APS., C12N 15/113 (2010.01) Lerso Parkalle 44, 5.Floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK
    ) ( (51) International Patent Classification: HAABER, Jakob Krause; c/o SNIPR BIOME APS., Ler¬ A61K 38/46 (2006.01) A61P31/00 (2006.01) so Parkalle 44, 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK). DE C12N 9/22 (2006.01) A61P 31/04 (2006.01) SANTIAGO TORIO, Ana; c/o SNIPR BIOME APS., C12N 15/113 (2010.01) Lerso Parkalle 44, 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK). GR0NDAHL, Christian; c/o SNIPR BIOME APS., Lerso (21) International Application Number: Parkalle 44, 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK). CLUBE, PCT/EP20 19/057453 Jasper; c/o SNIPR BIOME APS., Lerso Parkalle 44, (22) International Filing Date: 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK). 25 March 2019 (25.03.2019) (74) Agent: CMS CAMERON MCKENNA NABARO (25) Filing Language: English OLSWANG LLP; CMS Cameron McKenna Nabarro 01- swang LLP, Cannon Place, 78 Cannon Street, London Lon¬ (26) Publication Language: English don EC4N 6AF (GB). (30) Priority Data: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 1804781. 1 25 March 2018 (25.03.2018) GB kind of national protection av ailable) . AE, AG, AL, AM, 1806976.5 28 April 2018 (28.04.2018) GB AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, 15/967,484 30 April 2018 (30.04.2018) US CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (71) Applicant: SNIPR BIOME APS. [DK/DK]; Lers DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, Parkalle 44, 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK). HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (72) Inventors: SOMMER, Morten; c/o SNIPR BIOME APS., MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, Lerso Parkalle 44, 5.floor, DK-2100 Copenhagen (DK).
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial Interactions in the Fish Gut
    Microbial interactions in the fish gut Christos Giatsis Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr Johan A.J. Verreth Professor of Aquaculture and Fisheries Wageningen University Co-promotors Dr Marc C.J. Verdegem Associate professor, Aquaculture and Fisheries Group Wageningen University Dr Detmer Sipkema Assistant professor, Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr Jerry Wells, Wageningen University Dr Kari J.K. Attramadal, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Dr Peter Bossier, Gent University, Belgium Dr Walter J.J. Gerrits, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School WIAS (Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences). Microbial interactions in the fish gut Christos Giatsis Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Friday 21 October 2016 at 4 p.m. in the Aula. Christos Giatsis Microbial interactions in the fish gut 198 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in English ISBN: 978-94-6257-877-7 DOI: 10.18174/387232 Fiat justitia - ruat caelum -Ancient Roman proverb- Contents Chapter 1 9 Introduction and thesis outline Chapter 2 15 The colonization dynamics of the gut microbiota in tilapia larvae Chapter 3 39 The impact of rearing environment on the development of gut microbiota in tilapia larvae Chapter 4
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bacterial Strain From
    F1000Research 2020, 9:656 Last updated: 01 JUN 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE Isolation and characterization of a novel bacterial strain from a Tris-Acetate-Phosphate agar medium plate of the green micro-alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that can utilize common environmental pollutants as a carbon source [version 1; peer review: 3 approved] Mautusi Mitra 1, Kevin Manoap-Anh-Khoa Nguyen1,2, Taylor Wayland Box1, Jesse Scott Gilpin1, Seth Ryan Hamby1, Taylor Lynne Berry3,4, Erin Harper Duckett1 1Department of Biology, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Georgia, 30118, USA 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, Georgia, 30060, USA 3Carrollton High School, Carrollton, Georgia, 30117, USA 4Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, Georgia, 30597, USA v1 First published: 29 Jun 2020, 9:656 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24680.1 Latest published: 29 Jun 2020, 9:656 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24680.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Background: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a green micro-alga can be 1 2 3 grown at the lab heterotrophically or photo-heterotrophically in Tris- Phosphate-Acetate (TAP) medium which contains acetate as the sole version 1 carbon source. When grown in TAP medium, Chlamydomonas can 29 Jun 2020 report report report utilize the exogenous acetate in the medium for gluconeogenesis using the glyoxylate cycle, which is also present in many bacteria and 1. Dickson Aruhomukama , Makerere higher plants. A novel bacterial strain, LMJ, was isolated from a contaminated TAP medium plate of Chlamydomonas. We present our University, Kampala, Uganda work on the isolation and physiological and biochemical characterizations of LMJ.
    [Show full text]
  • Reporting Service 2002, No
    ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service Paris, 2002-08-01 Reporting Service 2002, No. 8 CONTENTS 2002/122 - First reports of Anastrepha obliqua in Barbados and Grenada 2002/123 - Situation of Bactrocera zonata in Réunion 2002/124 - PRAs on Ceratitis capitata and C. rosa in Martinique 2002/125 - New records of Liriomyza trifolii in South America and the Caribbean 2002/126 - First report of Impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus in Iran 2002/127 - First report of Tomato infectious chlorosis crinivirus in Spain 2002/128 - PCR method to differentiate between Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia and Tomato yellow leaf curl begomoviruses 2002/129 - Distribution of TYLCV-Sar and TYLCV around the Mediterranean Basin 2002/130 - Phytosanitary measures against Monilinia fructicola in France 2002/131 - Situation of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae in Réunion 2002/132 - Ralstonia solanacearum on Anthurium in Martinique 2002/133 - Details on the taxonomy and biology of Rhizoecus hibisci 2002/134 - Situation of Aonidiella citrina in Italy 2002/135 - Introduction of Ceroplastes ceriferus into Italy: addition to the EPPO Alert List 2002/136 - Invasive plant species of concern in Denmark 2002/137 - US draft Federal noxious weed lists 2002/138 - New IPPC web site 1, rue Le Nôtre Tel. : 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail : [email protected] 75016 Paris Fax : 33 1 42 24 89 43 Web : www.eppo.org EPPO Reporting Service 2002/122 First reports of Anastrepha obliqua in Barbados and Grenada The IPPC Secretariat recently informed the EPPO Secretariat of the introductions of Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae – EPPO A1 quarantine pest) in Barbados and Grenada.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundwater Chemistry and Microbiology in a Wet
    GROUNDWATER CHEMISTRY AND MICROBIOLOGY IN A WET-TROPICS AGRICULTURAL CATCHMENT James Stanley B.Sc. (Earth Science). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty. Queensland University of Technology 2019 Page | 1 ABSTRACT The coastal wet-tropics region of north Queensland is characterised by extensive sugarcane plantations. Approximately 33% of the total nitrogen in waterways discharging into the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been attributed to the sugarcane industry. This is due to the widespread use of nitrogen-rich fertilisers combined with seasonal high rainfall events. Consequently, the health and water quality of the GBR is directly affected by the intensive agricultural activities that dominate the wet-tropics catchments. The sustainability of the sugarcane industry as well as the health of the GBR depends greatly on growers improving nitrogen management practices. Groundwater and surface water ecosystems influence the concentrations and transport of agricultural contaminants, such as excess nitrogen, through complex bio-chemical and geo- chemical processes. In recent years, a growing amount of research has focused on groundwater and soil chemistry in the wet-tropics of north Queensland, specifically in regard to mobile - nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO3 ). However, the abundance, diversity and bio-chemical influence of microorganisms in our wet-tropics groundwater aquifers has received little attention. The objectives of this study were 1) to monitor seasonal changes in groundwater chemistry in aquifers underlying sugarcane plantations in a catchment in the wet tropics of north Queensland and 2) to identify what microbiological organisms inhabit the groundwater aquifer environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline Release 7 7C
    Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea, Release 7.7 Taxonomic Outline of the Bacteria and Archaea, Release 7.7 March 6, 2007. Part 4 – The Bacteria: Phylum “Proteobacteria”, Class Betaproteobacteria George M. Garrity, Timothy G. Lilburn, James R. Cole, Scott H. Harrison, Jean Euzéby, and Brian J. Tindall Class Betaproteobacteria VP Garrity et al 2006. N4Lid DOI: 10.1601/nm.16162 Order Burkholderiales VP Garrity et al 2006. N4Lid DOI: 10.1601/nm.1617 Family Burkholderiaceae VP Garrity et al 2006. N4Lid DOI: 10.1601/nm.1618 Genus Burkholderia VP Yabuuchi et al. 1993. GOLD ID: Gi01836. GCAT ID: 001596_GCAT. Sequenced strain: SRMrh-20 is from a non-type strain. Genome sequencing is incomplete. Number of genomes of this species sequenced 2 (GOLD) 1 (NCBI). N4Lid DOI: 10.1601/nm.1619 Burkholderia cepacia VP (Palleroni and Holmes 1981) Yabuuchi et al. 1993. <== Pseudomonas cepacia (basonym). Synonym links through N4Lid: 10.1601/ex.2584. Source of type material recommended for DOE sponsored genome sequencing by the JGI: ATCC 25416. High-quality 16S rRNA sequence S000438917 (RDP), U96927 (Genbank). GOLD ID: Gc00309. GCAT ID: 000301_GCAT. Entrez genome id: 10695. Sequenced strain: ATCC 17760, LMG 6991, NCIMB9086 is from a non-type strain. Genome sequencing is completed. Number of genomes of this species sequenced 1 (GOLD) 1 (NCBI). N4Lid DOI: 10.1601/nm.1620 Pseudomonas cepacia VP (ex Burkholder 1950) Palleroni and Holmes 1981. ==> Burkholderia cepacia (new combination). Synonym links through N4Lid: 10.1601/ex.2584. Source of type material recommended for DOE sponsored genome sequencing by the JGI: ATCC 25416. High- quality 16S rRNA sequence S000438917 (RDP), U96927 (Genbank).
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive List of Names of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, 1980-2007
    001_JPP_Letter_551 16-11-2010 14:12 Pagina 551 Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (3), 551-592 Edizioni ETS Pisa, 2010 551 LETTER TO THE EDITOR COMPREHENSIVE LIST OF NAMES OF PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA, 1980-2007 C.T. Bull1, S.H. De Boer2, T.P. Denny3, G. Firrao4, M. Fischer-Le Saux5, G.S. Saddler6, M. Scortichini7, D.E. Stead8 and Y. Takikawa9 1United States Department of Agriculture, 1636 E. Alisal Street, Salinas, CA 93905, USA 2Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 93 Mount Edward Road, Charlottetown, PE C1A 5T1, Canada 3University of Georgia, Plant Pathology Department, Plant Science Building, Athens, GA 30602-7274, USA 4Dipartimento di Biologia Applicata alla Difesa delle Piante, Università degli Studi, Via Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy 5UMR de Pathologie Végétale, INRA, BP 60057, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex, France 6Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture, Roddinglaw Road, Edinburgh EH12 9FJ, UK 7CRA. Centro di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Roma, Italy 8Food and Environment Research Agency, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK 9Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The names of all plant pathogenic bacteria which The nomenclature of bacterial plant pathogens, like have been effectively and validly published in terms of that of many other life forms, is constantly changing in the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria and response to new insights and our understanding of rela- the Standards for Naming Pathovars are listed to pro- tionships among bacteria. For example, the taxonomy vide an authoritative register of names for use by au- of the family Enterobacteriaceae has been extensively re- thors, journal editors and others who require access to vised since the publication of the previous comprehen- currently correct nomenclature.
    [Show full text]
  • Phenotypic Variation and Molecular Signaling in the Interaction of the Rhizosphere Bacteria Acidovorax Sp
    Phenotypic variation and molecular signaling in the interaction of the rhizosphere bacteria Acidovorax sp. N35 and Rhizobium radiobacter F4 with roots Dan Li Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschuungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt Abteilung Mikroben-Pflanzen Interaktionen Dissertation Zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München September 2010 1. Gutachter : Prof. Dr. Anton Hartmann 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Kirsten Jung Eingereicht am: 23. September 2010 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 04. February 2011 To my family and to my Xu Contents Contents Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 4 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Plant-microorganisms interactions in the rhizosphere ................................................ 5 1.1.1 The rhizosphere .................................................................................................... 5 1.1.2 Effects of microorganisms on plants .................................................................... 6 1.1.3 Molecular microbial techniques to study microbe-plant interactions .................. 7 1.2 Cell-cell communication in bacteria............................................................................ 7 1.2.1 Quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria ........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.Vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:45 PM Color Profile: Disabled Composite Default Screen
    Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Plant Pathologist’s Pocketbook 3rd Edition 1 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:45 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 2 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:45 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Plant Pathologist’s Pocketbook 3rd Edition Edited by J.M. Waller, J.M. Lenné and S.J. Waller CABI Publishing 3 Z:\Customer\CABI\A4084 - Waller - Plant Pathologists Pocketbook\A4163 - Waller - Plant - All.vp Monday, October 29, 2001 4:37:46 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen CABI Publishing is a division of CAB International CABI Publishing CABI Publishing CAB International 10 E 40th Street Wallingford Suite 3203 Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY 10016 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 212 481 7018 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 212 686 7993 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web site: www.cabi-publishing.org ©CAB International 2002. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Plant pathologist’s pocketbook / edited by J.M. Waller, J.M. Lenné and S.J. Waller. --3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.
    [Show full text]