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English Heritage Stonehenge Visitor Enhancement Project Planning

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English Heritage Stonehenge Visitor Enhancement Project Planning English Heritage Stonehenge Visitor Enhancement Project Planning Submission for Permanent Coach Visitor Facilities & Visitor Transit System Improvements Heritage Impact Assessment April 2016 CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Project Background 1 1.2 Consultations 4 2.0 METHODOLOGY 5 2.1 Aims and Scope 5 2.2 Planning and Policy Context 5 2.3 Impact Assessment Methodology 9 3.0 EXISTING BASELINE CONDITIONS 15 3.1 Introduction 15 3.2 Designated Heritage Assets 15 3.3 Historic Development of the Study Area 20 3.4 Monument Groups and Outstanding Universal Value 20 3.5 Sites and Monuments within the Assessment Area 24 4.0 ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS AND MITIGATION 29 4.1 Proposed Works 29 4.2 Mitigation Strategy 32 4.3 Construction Effects 35 4.4 Operational Effects 39 5.0 EFFECTS ON THE OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE OF THE WHS 44 5.1 Introduction 44 5.2 Stonehenge and the Stonehenge Avenue 44 5.3 The Cursus 45 5.4 The Cursus Barrows 46 5.5 The Lesser Cursus and Associated Barrows 46 5.6 The Monarch of the Plain 46 6.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 48 6.1 Effects on the Outstanding Universal Value of the WHS 48 6.2 Effects on Archaeological Remains 50 SVEP Permanent Coach Park April 2016 Heritage Impact Assessment 11110205_SVEP_HIA_V2_CMdw_15-04-16 Chris Blandford Associates REFERENCES 51 GLOSSARY 52 FIGURES 1 Designated Sites and Monuments in the Study and Assessment Areas 2 Scheduled Monuments and Recorded Sites in the Assessment Area 3 Scheme Elements Re-using Previously Developed Land / Reversible Scheme Elements APPENDICES 1 Heritage Impact Assessment Methodology 2 Adopted Statement of Outstanding Universal Value 2013 3 SEIP Environmental Statement, Chapter 5 (Archaeology and the Historic Environment) 4 Gazetteer of Sites and Monuments within the Assessment Area 5 Proposed Scheme Drawings SVEP Permanent Coach Park April 2016 Heritage Impact Assessment 11110205_SVEP_HIA_V2_CMdw_15-04-16 Chris Blandford Associates 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background 1.1.1 The new Stonehenge Visitor Centre developed English Heritage as part of the Stonehenge Environmental Improvements Project (as consented under planning permission S/2009/1527/FUL dated 23/06/10) was opened to the public in December 2013. 1.1.2 As part of the Stonehenge Visitor Enhancement Project, planning permission has been granted for interim improvements to the visitor facilities implemented by English Heritage. These include planning permission for the ‘Re-surfacing of existing reinforced grass overflow car park and landscaping works’ (planning application reference 15/05558/FUL dated 24th July 2015), and for the ‘Change of use from agricultural land and creation (temporary consent 2 years) of a 26 space coach park and associated ancillary works’ (planning application reference 14/12106/FUL dated 13th April 2015). Condition 5 of planning consent 14/12106/FUL states: ‘The coach park expansion hereby permitted shall be removed in its entirety and the land restored to its former condition on or before 09/04/2017 in accordance with a scheme of work submitted to and approved in writing by the Local Planning Authority. REASON: In order for a permanent and sustainable solution to be found to coach parking for the Stonehenge Visitor Centre.’ 1.1.3 This Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) has been prepared by Chris Blandford Associates on behalf of English Heritage to support a planning application for a sustainable solution to permanent coach visitor facilities and visitor transit system (VTS) improvements at the Stonehenge Visitor Centre. The planning application site boundary includes proposed works within the following two areas: The ‘Visitor Centre End’ – comprising the existing coach park, agricultural land, VTS turnaround area and the temporary footpath between the visitor centre and the A344 at the Stonehenge Visitor Centre, north east and east of Airman’s Corner Roundabout. The ‘Stones End’ – comprising the existing VTS turnaround area near the Stonehenge Monument, east of Byway 12. 1.1.4 The HIA identifies the historic environment baseline resource that could be affected by implementation of the Scheme and assesses the potential impact of the proposals on the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV), significance, authenticity and integrity of the World Heritage Site (WHS) and its setting. The HIA has been prepared in line with the Guidance on Heritage Impact Assessments for Cultural World Heritage Properties adopted by International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) in January 2011 (‘the ICOMOS Guidance’). SVEP Permanent Coach Park April 2016 1 Heritage Impact Assessment 11110205_SVEP_HIA_V2_CMdw_15-04-16 Chris Blandford Associates 1.1.5 The HIA draws on baseline data and surveys published in the Stonehenge Environmental Improvements Project Environmental Statement (Chris Blandford Associates/Wessex Archaeology 2009) (‘the 2009 ES’); text and drawings referred to are presented as appendices to this HIA for completeness. 1.1.6 The HIA should be read in conjunction with the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) prepared by Chris Blandford Associates submitted with the planning application. Key viewpoint locations and photographs referenced in this HIA can be found in LVIA Figures 2.1 and 2.5 respectively. The Scheme 1.1.7 The proposals are shown on the drawings at Appendix 5 and outlined below: Modification of the existing coach park layout to provide spaces for coaches and motorhomes and pathways to improve pedestrian safety. Construction of a new coach visitor facilities ancillary building. Decommissioning and removal of the existing VTS turnaround area adjacent to the Visitor Centre, and construction of a new VTS turnaround area north of the A344 to accommodate use by shuttle buses. Replacement of the temporary surface matting with a hard permanent surface for the existing footpath between the Visitor Centre and the A344. Construction of an extension to the existing VTS turnaround area near the Stonehenge Monument to accommodate use by shuttle buses and to improve pedestrian safety. Related landscaping works. Revised coach parking at Airman’s Corner 1.1.8 The coach park is located on the western edge of the WHS to the north-east of the junction of the A360 and B3086 (Figure 1). The original coach park opened in 2013 consisted of an access road off the A344 leading to a coach drop-off alongside an ancillary building within the WHS boundary, and a 30 space coach park constructed outside the WHS boundary. However, the numbers of coaches using the coach park in busy periods proved significantly greater than was anticipated and temporary planning permission for provision of an additional 26 coach parking spaces was subsequently granted by Wiltshire Council in April 2015. 1.1.9 The Scheme proposes the construction of a permanent coach park solution to provide a total of 53 coach spaces and parking for up to 26 motorhomes, together with a new coach visitor SVEP Permanent Coach Park April 2016 2 Heritage Impact Assessment 11110205_SVEP_HIA_V2_CMdw_15-04-16 Chris Blandford Associates facilities (CVF) building to provide improved access to ticketing, audio guides and toilet facilities for coach visitors. The proposed Scheme would provide a revised layout and circulation, with parking spaces for motorhomes provided on the western edge of the site (the original coach park) and coach parking provided in an ‘island’ occupying the central part of the site, with a visitor disembarkation point at the eastern edge of the site. 1.1.10 The existing coach park entry and egress points from the A344 and on to the B3086 would be retained. A line of mature beech trees along the northern edge of the former A344 provides screening of the coach park site in views from the south. A landscaping strategy combining low-level boundary planting with carefully placed grove planting would provide partial visual screening to the extended coach park using a mix of native trees and shrubs in a woodland matrix that will blend into the existing landscape. New Coach Visitors’ Facilities Building 1.1.11 The proposed new CVF building would be located to the south-east of the revised coach park area. There would be no physical change to the existing ancillary services building. The new CVF building would be clad in vertical weathered sweet chestnut timber panels to match the specification of the other buildings on site, with a flat roof concealed behind the vertical timber parapet. In areas where openings are required, metal framed windows and doors would be used together with weathered zinc cladding panels in a dark grey colour to match those used on the main visitor centre. VTS system alterations 1.1.12 The existing VTS loading area at the Visitor Centre would be replaced with a new turning loop on the north side of the A344 adjacent to the coach park at Airman’s Corner, connecting to the road to the east and west of the existing shuttle area. The existing loading platform hardstanding at the Visitor Centre would be broken out and replaced by soft landscaping. 1.1.13 The new shuttle loop would provide two loading platforms, one on the southern edge of the loop, alongside the A344 and adjacent to the visitor centre in the location of the existing entrance to the current loading bay; and a dedicated loading platform for tour groups on the north side of the turning loop. Dense stands of shrub planting would provide additional strength to the boundary planting in views towards the new shuttle loop along the former A344 and from the Monarch of the Plain scheduled monument. 1.1.14 The existing VTS turnaround at the Stones would be enlarged by around 270m2 to the north and east. On the north edge of the enlarged turning area, a new platform would be constructed SVEP Permanent Coach Park April 2016 3 Heritage Impact Assessment 11110205_SVEP_HIA_V2_CMdw_15-04-16 Chris Blandford Associates for unloading visitors arriving at the Stones, with a new path for visitors to move away without conflict with other visitors queuing to return and pedestrian access from Byway 12 to allow visitors arriving on foot to join the VTS passengers as they approach the Stones.
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