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War and Insurgency in the Western Sahara
Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. STRATEGIC STUDIES INSTITUTE The Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) is part of the U.S. Army War College and is the strategic-level study agent for issues relat- ed to national security and military strategy with emphasis on geostrategic analysis. The mission of SSI is to use independent analysis to conduct strategic studies that develop policy recommendations on: • Strategy, planning, and policy for joint and combined employment of military forces; • Regional strategic appraisals; • The nature of land warfare; • Matters affecting the Army’s future; • The concepts, philosophy, and theory of strategy; and, • Other issues of importance to the leadership of the Army. Studies produced by civilian and military analysts concern topics having strategic implications for the Army, the Department of Defense, and the larger national security community. In addition to its studies, SSI publishes special reports on topics of special or immediate interest. These include edited proceedings of conferences and topically-oriented roundtables, expanded trip reports, and quick-reaction responses to senior Army leaders. The Institute provides a valuable analytical capability within the Army to address strategic and other issues in support of Army participation in national security policy formulation. Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press WAR AND INSURGENCY IN THE WESTERN SAHARA Geoffrey Jensen May 2013 The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. -
Ali El Aallaoui GENESIS and EVOLUTION of SAHARAWI
Ali El Aallaoui GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF SAHARAWI NATIONALISM The Saharawi proverb "Sahara belonged neither to a king, nor to a devil, nor to a sultan" is inked in the Saharawi historical memory as a pledge of the independence of the Saharawi people against the authority of the Sultans of Morocco. Indeed, it somehow expresses the fact that Western Sahara had not been dominated before the arrival of Spain by any Moroccan king. It is this fact that characterizes modern Saharawi nationalism in terms of its discourse and arguments. That is to say, for the Saharawis the refusal of the Sultanian authority throughout history is the backbone around which the Saharawi cultural and political identity has crystallized. With the wave of decolonization which shook all the territories of the African continent, Saharawi nationalism entered the arena of peoples who aspire to their independence by all possible and legitimate means. It should be understood from the outset that Saharawi nationalism falls into the historical category of African nationalism, having transformed a nomadic people into a people seeking its political identity within the international community. This was ultimately manifested in the creation of a new state in exile, called the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). It is through a historical perspective that began with the movement of decolonization in Africa that we can understand the origins of Saharawi nationalism. This prompts us to ask the question, how does a nation differ from another nation, in our case, the Saharawi from the Moroccan? In other words, what is the specificity of Saharawi nationalism, which is still developing under the colonial yoke? All this, to answer a fundamental question, how could Saharawi nationalism defend the Saharawi political identity in the quest for independence, despite the Spanish and Moroccan complicity against the Saharawi people? The theoretical framework of Saharawi nationalism Saharawi nationalism is circumscribed within the framework of the principle of the right of peoples to dispose of themselves. -
KFOS LOCAL and INTERNATIONAL VOLUME II.Pdf
EDITED BY IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA LOCAL AND AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER- SIEVERS INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD VOLUME II LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF KOSOVO’S STATEHOOD —VOLUME II EDITED BY: IOANNIS ARMAKOLAS AGON DEMJAHA AROLDA ELBASANI STEPHANIE SCHWANDNER-SIEVERS Copyright ©2021 Kosovo Foundation for Open Society. All rights reserved. PUBLISHER: Kosovo Foundation for Open Society Imzot Nikë Prelaj, Vila 13, 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo. Issued in print and electronic formats. “Local and International Determinants of Kosovo’s Statehood: Volume II” EDITORS: Ioannis Armakolas Agon Demjaha Arolda Elbasani Stephanie Schwandner-Sievers PROGRAM COORDINATOR: Lura Limani Designed by Envinion, printed by Envinion, on recycled paper in Prishtina, Kosovo. ISBN 978-9951-503-06-8 CONTENTS ABOUT THE EDITORS 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 12 INTRODUCTION 13 CULTURE, HERITAGE AND REPRESENTATIONS 31 — Luke Bacigalupo Kosovo and Serbia’s National Museums: A New Approach to History? 33 — Donjetë Murati and Stephanie Schwandner- Sievers An Exercise in Legitimacy: Kosovo’s Participation at 1 the Venice Biennale 71 — Juan Manuel Montoro Imaginaries and Media Consumptions of Otherness in Kosovo: Memories of the Spanish Civil War, Latin American Telenovelas and Spanish Football 109 — Julianne Funk Lived Religious Perspectives from Kosovo’s Orthodox Monasteries: A Needs Approach for Inclusive Dialogue 145 LOCAL INTERPRETATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL RULES 183 — Meris Musanovic The Specialist Chambers in Kosovo: A Hybrid Court between -
State Violence, Mobility and Everyday Life in Cairo, Egypt
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Geography Geography 2015 State Violence, Mobility and Everyday Life in Cairo, Egypt Christine E. Smith University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Smith, Christine E., "State Violence, Mobility and Everyday Life in Cairo, Egypt" (2015). Theses and Dissertations--Geography. 34. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/34 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Geography at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Geography by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. -
Transformations in United States Policy Toward Syria Under Bashar
Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses CAHSS Theses and Dissertations and Dissertations 1-1-2017 Transformations in United States Policy toward Syria Under Bashar Al Assad A Unique Case Study of Three Presidential Administrations and a Projection of Future Policy Directions Mohammad Alkahtani Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences. For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, please click here. Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Mohammad Alkahtani. 2017. Transformations in United States Policy toward Syria Under Bashar Al Assad A Unique Case Study of Three Presidential Administrations and a Projection of Future Policy Directions. Doctoral dissertation. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences – Department of Conflict Resolution Studies. (103) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/103. This Dissertation is brought to you by the CAHSS Theses and Dissertations at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. -
When Refugee Camp and Nomadic Encampment Meet
Ambiguities of space and control: when refugee camp and nomadic encampment meet Article (Accepted Version) Wilson, Alice (2014) Ambiguities of space and control: when refugee camp and nomadic encampment meet. Nomadic Peoples, 18 (1). pp. 38-60. ISSN 0822-7942 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/70245/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse: Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University. Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk Alice Wilson Author’s accepted manuscript, later published as the article Wilson, A. (2014) “Ambiguities of space and control: when refugee camp and nomadic encampment meet”. -
The Real Estate Industry and the Housing Crisis in Egypt
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by AUC Knowledge Fountain (American Univ. in Cairo) American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 2-1-2017 Between accumulation and (in)security: The real estate industry and the housing crisis in Egypt Norhan Sherif Mokhtar Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Mokhtar, N. (2017).Between accumulation and (in)security: The real estate industry and the housing crisis in Egypt [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/1347 MLA Citation Mokhtar, Norhan Sherif. Between accumulation and (in)security: The real estate industry and the housing crisis in Egypt. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/1347 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The American University in Cairo School of Global Affairs and Public Studies Between Accumulation and (In)Security: The Real Estate Industry and the Housing Crisis in Egypt A Thesis Submitted to The Middle East Studies Center In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts By Norhan Sherif Mokhtar Hassan Under the supervision of Dr. Martina Rieker December 2017 © Copyright Norhan Sherif 2017 All Rights Reserved 1 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my parents for their patience and for putting up with me during the thesis and masters period that seemed almost everlasting. -
Genocide Or Terrorism?
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 13 Issue 2 Rethinking Genocide, Mass Atrocities, and Political Violence in Africa: New Directions, Article 2 New Inquiries, and Global Perspectives 6-2019 Full Issue 13.2 Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation (2019) "Full Issue 13.2," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 13: Iss. 2: 1-173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5038/1911-9933.13.2 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol13/iss2/2 This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ISSN 1911-0359 eISSN 1911-9933 Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 13.2 - 2019 ii ©2019 Genocide Studies and Prevention 13, no. 2 iii Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/ Volume 13.2 - 2019 Editorials Christian Gudehus, Susan Braden, Douglas Irvin-Erickson, JoAnn DiGeorgio-Lutz, Lior Zylberman, Fiza Lee, and Brian Kritz Editors’ Introduction ................................................................................................................1 Laura Collins Guest Editorial: Rethinking Genocide, Mass Atrocities, and Political Violence in Africa .......2 State of the Field Terrence Lyons Transnational Advocacy: -
Gender and Generation in the Sahrawi Struggle for Decolonisation
REGENERATING REVOLUTION: Gender and Generation in the Sahrawi Struggle for Decolonisation by Vivian Solana A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology in a Collaborative with the Women and Gender Studies Institute University of Toronto © Copyright by Vivian Solana, 2017 Regenerating Revolution: Gender and Generation in the Sahrawi Struggle for Decolonisation Vivian Solana Department of Anthropology in a Collaborative with the Women and Gender Studies Institute University of Toronto 2017 Abstract This dissertation investigates the forms of female labour that are sustaining and regenerating the political struggle for the decolonization of the Western Sahara. Since 1975, the Sahrawi national liberation movement—known as the POLISARIO Front—has been organizing itself, while in exile, into a form commensurable with the global model of the modern nation-state. In 1991, a UN mediated peace process inserted the Sahrawi struggle into what I describe as a colonial meantime. Women and youth—key targets of the POLISARIO Front’s empowerment policies—often stand for the movement’s revolutionary values as a whole. I argue that centering women’s labour into an account of revolution, nationalism and state-building reveals logics of long duree and models of female empowerment often overshadowed by the more “spectacular” and “heroic” expressions of Sahrawi women’s political action that feature prominently in dominant representations of Sahrawi nationalism. Differing significantly from globalised and modernist valorisations of women’s political agency, the model of female empowerment I highlight is one associated to the nomadic way of life that predates a Sahrawi project of revolutionary nationalism. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE AHMED SHERIF Email: [email protected] Web site: www.aucegypt.edu Ahmed Sherif is a Professor of Architecture at AUC since 1992. He is the founding chair of the Department of Architecture from 2016 to 2020 and was one of the founders of the architecture program at AUC in 2007. Sherif’s area of specialty is architectural design and construction, with emphasis on hospital and public buildings design. He is actively involved in research on healthcare architecture, especially low energy hospital architecture. Sherif holds a doctoral degree in architecture from The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA, and MSc. and BSc. (honors) degrees in architecture from Cairo University. Sherif has more than 40 years of experience in architectural design and construction supervision. He is a partner of one of the leading Egyptian design firms specialized in hospital and healthcare design. He practices architectural/engineering consultation for hospital projects in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Sherif is an international associate member of the American Institute of Architects, and a member of the local section of the International Union of Architects (Society of Egyptian Architects) and the Egyptian Syndicate of Engineers. Sherif is registered in Egypt as a professional architect having a prestigious status of a “Consultant” specialized in healthcare facilities design and construction. He is member of the Egyptian national committee on establishing the Egyptian Guidelines for the design of hospitals and healthcare facilities. Research and Professional Interests: • Low energy architecture. • Sustainability in architectural design and Construction. • Hospital design and construction. Ahmed Sherif - Curriculum Vitae 1 July 2020 EDUCATION: Doctor of Architecture 1988, College of Architecture, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. -
Planning Insurgencies in Ramlet Bulaq and Maspero Triangle
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE The Uneven City: Planning Insurgencies in Ramlet Bulaq and Maspero Triangle THESIS submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Urban and Regional Planning by Khalid Shakran Thesis Committee: Professor Walter Nicholls, Chair Professor Rodolfo Torres Professor David Smith 2016 © 2016 Khalid Shakran DEDICATION To My mother, father, sister, and the people of Ramlet Bulaq and Maspero Triangle When a conflict goes on so long, people develop a stake in its perpetuation. Norman Finkelstein “Approaching 60” The course of revolution is 360 degrees. The Last Poets “When the Revolution Comes” ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures v Acknowledgments vi Abstract of Thesis vii Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of the Study ....................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Research Questions.......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Thesis Statement .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Theoretical Framework .................................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Literature Review ........................................................................................................................... -
BARRIERS ACCESS to JUSTICE in EUROPE for VICTIMS of INTERNATIONAL CRIMES This Report Was Funded by the European Union’S Justice Programme (2014-2020)
September 2020 BREAKING DOWN BARRIERS ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN EUROPE FOR VICTIMS OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMES This Report was funded by the European Union’s Justice Programme (2014-2020). The content of this Report represents the views of FIDH, ECCHR and REDRESS Nederland only and is their sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains. September 2020 BREAKING DOWN BARRIERS ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN EUROPE FOR VICTIMS OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMES BREAKING DOWN BARRIERS • Access to Justice in Europe for Victims of International Crimes 1 More than 100 000 people have been detained in Syria since March 2011, many of them disappeared by Bashar al-Assad’s regime. Among them was Mansour Omari, a journalist and human rights defender who had documented cases of enforced disappearance and other human rights violations during the Syrian Uprising. In 2012, Mansour was arbitrarily detained by Syrian intelligence in a secret military prison in Damascus. Together with four of his fellow detainees, Mansour recorded the names and contact details of 82 of their cellmates on pieces of fabric using ink made from their blood and rust. When Mansour was released after a year in detention, he left the prison with the pieces of fabric sewn into the cuffs and collar of his shirt. Using the information recorded on the cloth, he began contacting the families to inform them of the whereabouts of their loved ones. Mansour was able to escape from Syria to Lebanon and was later resettled by UNHCR in Europe, where he has built a life in exile.