Ecological Restoration of Bream Head On-Ground Works Operational Plan 2017 – 2022
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Ecological Restoration of Bream Head On-ground Works Operational Plan 2017 – 2022 Prepared by: Dai Morgan1,2, Adam Willetts2, John Gardiner2, Geoff Pike2 2017 1. Applied and Environmental Sciences, NorthTec, Whangarei 2. Bream Head Conservation Trust Covering photographs (clockwise from the top): View of the north-eastern side of the Bream Head Scenic Reserve (Ocean Beach in the foreground) (image © Dan May); head ranger (Adam Willetts) with a school group in 2016 (image © David Monro); Clematis paniculata (image © Adam Willetts); Smuggler Track maintenance group working at Home Bay (image © Melissa Arseneault); a translocated North Island robin (image © Ben Smedley). 2 Contents 1.0 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................... 5 3.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 6 3.1 Aspirational goals of the Bream Head Conservation Trust ..................................................... 6 3.2 Significant achievements 2012-2017 ...................................................................................... 7 3.3 Aim of this Operational Plan ................................................................................................... 7 4.0 Core operational work streams .................................................................................................. 7 4.1 Threats .................................................................................................................................... 8 4.1.1 Animal pest control ......................................................................................................... 8 4.1.2 Plant pest control ............................................................................................................ 9 4.1.3 Biosecurity incursions ................................................................................................... 10 4.1.4 Pest monitoring ............................................................................................................. 10 4.2 Biological assets .................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.1 Bird species (not including monitoring programs associated with translocations) ...... 12 4.2.2 Grey-faced petrel nest survival ..................................................................................... 13 4.2.3 Lizard species ................................................................................................................ 13 4.3 Increasing biodiversity .......................................................................................................... 14 4.3.1 Translocations and assisted reintroductions ................................................................ 14 4.3.2 Revegetation ................................................................................................................. 15 5.0 References ................................................................................................................................ 16 3 1.0 Executive Summary Bream Head is a c. 800 ha scenic reserve at the entrance of the Whangarei Harbour, Northland, that includes a c. 620 ha pohutukawa-broadleaf coastal forest of very high biological importance. In 2002, the Bream Head Conservation Trust was established as a partnership between all stakeholders to lead a project to ecologically restore the reserve; although, management within the reserve began long before this date. The Bream Head Conservation Trust’s visions are to: Restore and maintain the ecology of the reserve Preserve its historical and archaeological features Enhance its recreational and educational potential in ways which are compatible with conservation values In order to realise these visions over the next five years (2017-2022), an Operational Plan that describes three ‘on-ground’ core operational work streams are presented. These core work streams cover goals relating to: Managing ecological threats Managing existing biodiversity assets Increasing biodiversity The rationale for each goal and the key performance indicators attached to each goal is explained. Tasks that need to be completed in order to realise the goals are also presented. Core operational work streams that relate to education and communications will be presented in a separate document. This Operational Plan builds on the inaugural Operational Plan (2012-2017) (see Ritchie 2011), which should be consulted in order to gain a greater appreciation of the restoration of Bream Head. 4 2.0 Acknowledgments The restoration work done at Bream Head has been a very successful partnership between the community, the Department of Conservation, iwi and the Bream Head Conservation Trust. The Bream Head Conservation Trust sincerely thanks everyone who has contributed to the restoration of the reserve. Thanks also to Bream Head Conservation Trust trustees who provided comments on previous drafts; Wendy Holland for writing section 4.3.2; Kevin Parker for discussion about bird translocations; and Evan Davies for comments and producing the maps. The Bream Head Conservation Trust gratefully acknowledges support from: 5 3.0 Introduction The Bream Head Scenic Reserve is located at the entrance of the Whangarei Harbour (Figure 1) and encompasses a total area of c. 800 ha. Within the reserve exists a c. 620 ha predominantly pohutukawa-broadleaf coastal forest of high biological value and is the largest of its type remaining in Northland (Goldwater and Beadel 2010). In addition, the reserve enjoys a rich cultural history and was extensively used by Maori due to a close proximity to plentiful resources and its strategically important location. Since the early 1990s management has been undertaken within the reserve to reduce pest animal and plant populations and to restore the ecology to a former state. In 2002, the Bream Head Conservation Trust (BHCT) was established as an operational partnership between iwi, the Department of Conservation (DOC), the Whangarei District Council, and latterly Refining NZ, Ministry for the Environment and Foundation North to lead the restoration of the reserve. The Bream Head Conservation Trust’s visions are to: Restore and maintain the ecology of the reserve Preserve its historical and archaeological features Enhance its recreational and educational potential in ways which are compatible with conservation values This document presents an Operational Plan for the next five-year period (2017-2022). The plan progresses and builds on the considerable achievements (see below) of the previous five-year Operational Plan (see Ritchie 2011) and the core operational work streams reflect the BHCT’s desire to ensure that the significant biodiversity gains are sustained over the next five years. Much of the information that was presented in the preceding 2012-2017 Operational Plan (Ritchie 2011) is still relevant, particularly with respect to the history of the reserve, the formation of the BHCT, and the conservation status of many of the resident native species. As such, it is not the purpose of this document to reproduce this information. Accordingly, it is recommended that the last Operational Plan is used in conjunction with this edition in order to gain a complete appreciation of area’s history and the restoration work that is on-going at Bream Head. 3.1 Aspirational goals of the Bream Head Conservation Trust In addition to three principle visions (see above), the BHCT has several aspirational goals that it would like to ultimately see achieved. These aspirational goals can be divided into two main components: 1. Creating a self-sustaining restoration project. Although this document focuses on operations over the next five years, most of the work presented (e.g. pest mammal and plant management) will require on-going commitment. As such, it is critical that the BHCT establishes a sustainable model that ensures these activities can be implemented over longer timeframes than those described in this document. In order to do this, the BHCT acknowledges that renewable funding sources need to be secured, and that the project continues to enjoy the support of the local community. This aspirational goal will be the focus of a future strategic document (BHCT in prep.). 6 2. To be predator free. In July 2016 the National government announced a bold plan to make New Zealand free of mammalian predators (excluding cats Felis catus) by the year 2050. Although this vision is still in its infancy, the BHCT supports the concept in principle. Therefore, the BHCT will continually assess new predator management technology as it is developed, and implement new practices when research has indicated that they are best practice. 3.2 Significant achievements 2012-2017 Ritchie (2011) presents a considerable list of achievements that have been accomplished since management began within the reserve up until 2011. Since 2011, additional significant achievements within the reserve include: An increase in the number of regular volunteers participating in conservation activities by 200% The planting of c. 40,000 extra trees (2012-2017) Establishment of a pest mammal monitoring program (2010) Consistently maintaining pest mammal indices under target