H•tntaneThe SPRING 1979 soctetv news Vol. 24 No. 2 OF THE UNITED STATE~~ poachers. How could this happen? It just made me sick, and so angry letters that it is difficult to express my feel­ ings in words. I can't think of any Golden Zoo punishment severe enough for such horrors inflicted on those poor help­ less, and harmless animals. Is Golden in Name Only! It seems to me that the "human Animal Trainer's Code animal" is becoming more cal­ I would like to correct an impres­ loused, and indifferent to cruelty, HSUS Investigators Close Down Decrepit Roadside Zoo in Florida sion left by the article on The HSUS and in many cases is the most vi­ Animal Trainer's Code in the Win­ cious and cruel "predator" that in­ ter '79 issue of The News. habits this earth. I have seen so The Golden Zoo in Fort Meyer was Although the Code was written much cruelty to animals for no rea­ a nightmare-a collection of rickety by HSUS staff, professional animal son, or just to make a few paltry old cages occupied by starving ani­ trainers worked with us in devel­ dollars profit, such as trapping with mals. HSUS Director of Wildlife oping each point. This makes the the steel jaw trap. Protection Sue Pressman and code even more important because, I would like to ask why wasn't Southeast Regional Investigator if some professional trainers are there more vigilance to protect Bernard Weller went to the zoo fol­ able to run their business while ad­ these animals, since it was known lowing a tip from a local informant. hering to these guidelines for hu­ that poachers are on the hunt in Here, in Sue Pressman's own mane treatment, then there is no this area for gorillas. With only 230 words, is what they found and what excuse for any trainer to do other- remaining, it may not be long until they did about it. wise. the poacher, and the encroaching, Sue Pressman expanding population will wipe There were no souvenir stands, Director of Wildlife Protection them out completely. tourists with cameras, or any of the The Human Society of the United R. C. Guyon other standard fare for Florida States Meridian, Idaho sights. There was just a decrepit roadside zoo well off the tourist Ed. Note: Dian Fossey has orga­ track. For a tourist attraction, it nized her student assistants in was certainly in the wrong place! poacher patrols to try to protect But you can't tell that to the an­ the remaining gorillas in the imals. They still need to eat Tuna Boycott Park des Virungas, Zaire. whether the tourists come or not. I would like to add my agreement Indications of starvation could be to the continuation ofthe tuna boy­ seen in nearly all the cages­ cott. I note that in your December skinny animals and little or no issue that although your response HSUS PERIODICALS feces. was light, it indicated a strong de­ We observed a group of very thin sire that this boycott should be con­ The HSUS publishes four other pe­ young lions, 18 to 24 months old, riodicals. To obtain a sample of one tinued. that looked like they hadn't eaten .i or more, please send four 15¢ stamps a; I believe the tuna fishermen can with your request to HSUS. in weeks. In the cougar and fox ~ handle this situation, but it is like cages we saw some water and dirty iil anything else, unless consumers Humane Education- Published dog food pans. The pans were I are made aware, things just don't quarterly by The National Associa­ empty. tion for the Advancement of Humane seem to happen, and it is in this In a chimp's cage we saw beer and This chimp appeared to be the only animal in the zoo that had eaten recently. Education. Features teaching tips, The cola and beer cans and fast food restaurant bags strewn around its area that a private organization methods, and materials. $10 per cola cans and some table scraps cage point to a very questionable diet. The zoo's owner even gave the chimp such as The Humane Society of the year. mixed with feces. This chimp ap­ a cigarette to smoke in the presence of HSUS investigators. United States cari function so very peared to be the only animal that Shelter Sense- Published bi­ well. monthly for animal sheltering and had eaten regularly. Mr. Golden, Phil Oppenheim control personnel. $5 per year. Group owner of the zoo, gave this primate fostering the creation of more cru­ in a prone position. It didn't appear N. Manchester, Indiana rates available. a cigarette which the animal elty. How would he feed his new to be breathing. smoked. lions? What would he do with them I asked Mrs. Golden about the KIND-Published 10 times per year The atmosphere was both cruel when he discovered they couldn't be condition of the monkey. Mrs. (Sept.-June) for young people. Fea­ tures stories, puzzles, projects, pull­ and sad. Mr. Golden chatted with sold? Golden also told us he was Golden replied she didn't know, but out poster. $4 per year. Group rates us about a "doctor" who had in­ planning to breed Pekinese pups. had "lost one yesterday." Bernie available. formed him he could sell all the Meanwhile I was planning the Weller opened the cage and lifted Gorilla Poaching lions Golden could breed. Of course, steps required to close down the the monkey out. I received one of the most devas­ Bulletin of The Institute for The this is ridiculous. There's an over­ Golden Zoo and relocate the ani­ I examined the monkey and noted tating shocks when reading in The Study of Animal Problems-Pub­ lished bimonthly. Features animal abundance oflions in our zoos. This mals. We were just about finished it was tremendously dehydrated Humane Society News (Winter welfare science news, comment, book disturbed me a great deal. Mr. with our inspection when I spotted and its stomach cavity was sunken. 1979) about the killing of those reviews, reports. Free. Golden's ill-informed optimism was a Macaque monkey lying on its face I opened its eating pouch and found great and intelligent gorillas by

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 1 Two Societies Newly Accredited

HSUS' Accreditation Committee tinuing progress reports to the pub­ shops conducted by the Bellingham has approved accreditation of two lic to encourage membership and Police Department. west coast animal welfare groups, support. In 1977, the society asked the The Animal Care Center in Garden These reports, appearing in the Whatcom County Veterinary Med­ Grove, California, and the What­ organization newsletter and in the ical Association to appraise the com County Humane Society ofBel­ shelter, include graphs of the num­ shelter and give guidelines for im­ lingham, Washington. ber of animals handled to highlight proving sanitation, preventive The Animal Care Center in Gar­ the critical problem of pet overpop­ medicine, and general animal care. den Grove operates a shelter facil­ ulation. A committee of veterinarians vis­ ity that handles surrendered ani­ The society has a contract to per­ ited the shelter, an9. their appraisal mals, cruelty investigations, and form animal control for the city of resulted in a new health care plan humane education. Two years ago, Bellingham and the county. Train­ for the sheltered animals along a bequest allowed this organization ing for animal control officers and with medical training for staff to begin building improvements investigators includes a class at the members. D that would eventually help them area community college and work- meet the strict accreditation stan­ dards. Changes included adding a new kitchen, new offices for the hu­ mane educator and cruelty investi­ ..!1 gator, and painting and refl.ooring kennel areas. ~:::> en The Animal Care Center also I I runs a spay/neuter clinic. The self­ ABC Exposes Plight of supporting clinic, which also pro­ HSUS Director of Wildlife Protection Sue Pressman checks heartbeat of Macaque monkey while she gives it a hot vides general veterinary care, has bath to raise its body temperature. The monkey was discovered near death as Pressman and Bernard Weller evening hours several times a week Wild Horses In:vestigato:r: for HSUS' ~outheast.Reg;ion, inspe~ted the G.olden ~oo near ~ort Meyer, Florida. Following the bath: to make it accessible to more people. Pressman vigorously dried the ammal s body to mcrease circulation and brmg it out of shock. In 1977, 15,578 animals were treated. A program to provide vet­ erinary services to pet owners who The sad story of wild horses and Horse program to the American need financial assistance will be ex­ the Bureau of Land Management's people, who may not have had any that it was full of bark and sand. clammy condition of her skin dis­ At this writing, Weller has man­ panded in coming years. Adopt-A-Horse program was fea­ idea of what was happening. It After clearing the pouch and the appeared. All the while Bernie aged to find new homes for all of the The Center, under Executive Di­ tured on a segment of ABC's news/ brought out the very things we've rest of the mouth, I began mouth­ Weller assisted by handing me tow­ animals. Pressman informed The rector Carol M. Givens, also has set feature television show "20/20" in been saying all along in giving tes­ to-mouth resuscitation. Mrs. Golden els and taking pictures. News that the Goldens will, if con­ up an indoor area with scratching January. timony before congress." had told me that the monkey's There was no question in our victed, hopefully not go to jail be­ posts and litter boxes where kittens HSUS chief investigator Frantz Since the program aired, Senator name was "Sissie," so I kept repeat­ minds that the Golden Zoo was in cause there are at least nine young can get exercise while being dis­ Dantzler worked closely with ABC Thomas Eagleton of Missouri, ing "Sissie, Sissie, Sissie." She violation of the state's anti-cruelty children in the family. The HSUS played for adoption. An outdoor in researching the story, which ex­ chairman ofthe Senate subcommit­ seemed to respond so I asked for a statutes. I wondered about the hid­ has asked the State Attorney not to area is set aside for volunteers to amined abuses of the Adopt-A­ tee on governmental efficiency, has stethoscope. Mrs. Golden ran to her den conditions ofthe other animals. press for incarceration of the Gold­ exercise the sheltered dogs. Horse program. Dantzler provided scheduled o-versight hearings on trailer and got one. Were any of them getting close to ens. "There has already been enough The Whatcom County Humane information about several cases in BLM's handling of wild horses. I listened to the animal's heart­ Sissie's state? inhumanity in this situation/' said Society, Inc., in Bellingham, Wash­ which wild horses were adopted These hearings, scheduled in April, beat and found it to be irregular. When Sissie appeared to be past Weller. ington started out a few years ago through BLM, then sold to slaugh­ will examine how the Adopt-A­ Sissie was in shock! I then asked for the crisis point, we left the zoo and The combination ofpoor location, with an old shelter building and in­ terhouses. Although it is illegal to Horse Program is operating and the a place to give Sissie a hot bath. went directly to the State Attor­ lack ofprofessional business knowl­ adequate wood and wire cages. It use wild horses for profit, BLM has effectiveness of the laws involved. Mrs. Golden led the way to her lav­ ney's office where we filed an official edge, and the absence of proper took hard work and a strong com­ not done a goodjob of investigating Eagleton himself appeared on the atory in the trailer. Because the tap complaint charging the Goldens' training created this cruel situation. mitment to make the shelter the potential adoptors before turning "20/20" broadcast because some of water was only lukewarm, I had to with cruelty to animals. Bernie "There may be hundreds of other commendable facility it now is. over the horses, or following up af­ the horses adopted through the pro­ mix a pot of hot coffee with it to signed the arrest warrant. Golden Zoos out there/' said Press­ Phyllis Wright, HSUS Director of terwards to insure the animals are gram ended up in his home state in make it warm enough to help the The next day, The Florida Fresh man. "The only way we'll ever know Animal Sheltering and Control, being humanely treated. extremely inhumane conditions. animal. Coffee was the hottest Water Fish and Game Department is through our members and friends. and head of the Accreditation pro­ Dantzler characterized the "20/ The Wild Free Roaming Horses thing I could find. took charge of the animals. Feeding If we hadn't been informed of this gram, says of the Whatcom society, 20" story as "highly productive." He and Burros Act of1971 was amended Following the hot bath, I contin­ was begun and Bernie began the case/' she went on, "there would be "They know where they are and said "The program increased in 1978; for a discussion of the new ued emergency treatment. Sissie difficult task of searching for new a lot of dead animals at the Golden where they're going." She cites congressional interest in monitor­ problems arising from these seemed to be coming out of shock. homes for the residents of Golden Zoo today. We caught this one at the their careful planning offuture pro­ ing the BLM program. But perhaps amendments, see the Federal Re­ Her temperature rose and the Zoo. last possible moment." D grams under Executive Director more important, it illustrated the port in the Winter 1979 issue ofThe Mary Henry, along with their con- horrible problems in the Adopt-A- Humane Society News. D

2 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 3 Cosmetics have been with us for authority to require premarket the eventual range depending on ally results from the gross insult to thousands of years, but are avail­ safety testing of any sort, let alone the type of product and its projected the animal's system, such as clog­ able today in greater variety than specify particular types of tests. In use. However, a company will usu­ ging the digestive system. The an­ BEAUTY AND ever before. The U.S. cosmetic in­ general, a cosmetic is innocent until ally require data on oral toxicity, imal's death is obviously very pain­ dustry has grown very fast over the proven guilty (this is the opposite on eye irritancy, on skin irritancy ful, and the test results are mean­ past thirty years, and is now a ten of the rules governing drug manu­ and absorption and on sensitization ingless. THE BEASTS billion dollar business. facture and marketing) and the reactions. Practicing toxicologists have told Behind the glossy image and FDA has to demonstrate that the Rats, mice, rabbits and guinea of instances where such tests have by Dr. Andrew Rowan· promises of beauty is the less at­ product is not safe. pigs are the animals most com­ been performed in the past, but Associate Director of the Institute tractive story of how almost a mil­ There is one exception to this monly used in such studies. Based claim that they are rarely done lion animals suffer and die in the rule. Under the 1960 Color Addi­ on figures produced by the US De­ for the Study Q-f Ani:.;n~l PrQbh~ms now. Instead, the limit test is used. testing of new cosmetic products tives amendment to the 1938 FFDC partment of Agriculture, I would A dose of the substance at one per­ each year. The Humane Society of Act, colors used in cosmetic prod­ estimate that between 500,000 and cent of the animal's body weight the United States, along with many ucts have to be safety tested. 1,000,000 animals are used in the (equivalent to the ingestion of IAlb. other animal welfare organizations The FDA does require companies testing of cosmetics every year in of face cream by a one-year old and a growing section of the public, to ensure that there is "adequate the United States. Most of these child) is administered to a group of are very concerned about the man­ substantiation of safety" for the tests provide only a crude index of animals. Ifthis produces little or no ner in which animals are used by products placed on the market. If toxicity and the results cannot be toxic reactions, then the substance the cosmetic industry. Can many, satisfactory substantiation is not extrapolated to human beings with is presumed to be safe and no fur­ or all of these animals be spared the available then the product must any confidence. ther testing is required. ordeal of cosmetics testing by the carry a label stating "Warning­ Another common test is the use of alternative testing methods? The safety of this product has not Draize eye irritancy test. This is How can the consumer avoid sup­ been determined." usually performed on rabbits and How Are the Tests Done? porting mass animal testing? The When pressed for clarification of involves placing one tenth of a mil­ following discussion of some of the the term "adequate substantia­ The oral toxicity of a compound lilitre ofthe substance in one eye of features of animal testing may be­ tion," the FDA commonly refers to is usually assessed by determining a rabbit, the other eye being left gin to answer these questions. the approach outlined in a 1968 con­ its LD50 in rats or mice. LD stands undosed for comparison. Research­ ference by Dr. Giovacchini of Gil­ for Lethal Dose, and LD50 means ers then check for the incidence and What Is a Cosmetic? lette and also Chairman of the Sci­ the amount of compound it takes to severity of irritation resulting from entific Advisory Committee for the kill 50% of the animals tested. the substance. The Federal Food, Drug and Cos­ Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance The standard method involves The Draize test was developed in metic (FFDC) Act of 1938 defines a Association. In his address, Giov­ about sixty to one hundred animals 1944 by an FDA employee (after cosmetic as an article "intended to acchini outlines a multi-stage pro­ to whom the compound is adminis­ whom it is named) and is still be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or cess for determining the safety of tered by a stomach tube. The ani­ widely recommended as a standard sprayed on, introduced into, or oth­ new cosmetic formulations. mals are divided into a number of test for eye irritancy. This is despite erwise applied to the human body The first stage consists of a com­ groups and the test requires that the fact that two respected Ameri­ for cleansing, beautifying, promot­ plete review of the information most of the animals die at the can toxicologists recommended in ing attractiveness, or altering the available on the toxic effects of both higher dose levels. With the infor­ 1971 that the test should not be in­ appearance without affecting the the individual ingredients and the mation on the number of animals cluded in any new regulations since body's structure or functions." The final combination. The second stage which survive and die at each dose "without careful reeducation these term applies to products used by involves the performance of animal level, the toxicologist can compute tests result in unreliable results." men, women and children and in­ tests to fill any gaps which were the amount of the substance which They based their conclusion on the cludes skin creams, face masks, identified by the literature search is needed to kill fifty percent of the results of a collaborative study in­ tints, powders, perfumes, bath and the final stage consists of patch animals in a group. volving twenty-four major govern­ preparations, depilatories, shaving testing using human volunteers. A large body of informed opinion ment and industrial testing labo­ products, hair care products, prod­ The animal tests are designed to maintains that the LD50 test is of ratories in which the same sub­ ucts for external hygiene, products evaluate a variety of possible toxic limited value and that other meth­ stance could be assessed as irritant for lip application, and mouth care effects including the oral toxicity, ods exist which provide equally by one laboratory and non-irritant products. Soap, however, is specifi­ eye irritancy, skin irritancy, sensi­ valid data. For example, the LD50 by another. cally excluded from the definition. tization reactions, photo-dermatitic figure varies considerably from spe­ The courts are also suspicious of reactions (those produced by the ac­ cies to species. Therefore, there is results from the Draize test. The What Testing Is Required? tion of light), absorption through little point in using large numbers FDA lost a court case in 1974 be­ the skin, inhalation toxicity, irri­ of animals merely to obtain a sta­ cause, among other things, they Despite the fact that the Food and tation of mucous membranes, car­ tistically precise figure. failed to show that the results from Drug Administration (FDA) is re­ cinogenicity, (whether the product Another problem with cosmetics the tests on rabbit eyes could be ex­ quired to regulate the sale of cos­ causes cancer), mutagenicity, is that many of them consist of rel­ trapolated to humans. metics and prohibit those which are (whether the product damages ge­ atively non-toxic substances, such The other tests performed also determined to be unsafe, its powers netic material), and teratogenicity, as edible vegetable oils. Large contain serious defects, especially are rather limited. If the FDA is (whether the product might cause quantities of the product will have those done on guinea pigs to detect asked whether it specifies safety birth defects). to be forced into the animal's stom­ substances which may cause sensi­ testing on animals, the usual reply A new product will not necessar­ ach in order to administer a lethal tization. Sensitization (allergic re­ is that the FDA does not have the ily be subjected to all these tests, dose. In these instances, death usu- action) to a product is a very indi-

4 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 5 vidualistic property of an organism mate Lethal Dose which required lish cosmetic company with an of­ Trophy Hunters Thwarted-For Now and it is extremely difficult to ex­ only six to ten animals (in compar­ fice in New York, has based its man­ ison with the 60-100 for the LD50) trapolate from results obtained ufacturing policy on not using ani­ Pressure from The Humane So­ hers, has been agitating a good deal to the emotional insecurity of the which was quite adequate for the from a few guinea pigs to the hu­ mal ingredients in its cosmetics and ciety of the United States and many lately because of restrictions placed hunter. This is no excuse for the man situation where there is bound determination of the level of oral on not conducting animal tests. other environmental groups re­ on their sport by the 1973 Endan­ slaughter of the world's wildlife. toxicity. to be someone who will be hyper­ Where necessary, products are cently prompted the withdrawal of gered Species Act. Among other Furthermore, the concept of killing sensitive to a new product. As a re­ New methods of testing are ac­ tested by human volunteers. How­ an outrageous permit application things, the Act forbids trophy hunt­ the most beautiful specimen is bio­ cepted slowly, if at all, by the indus­ sult it is surprising that the indus­ ever, their distribution is extremely submitted to the Endangered Spe­ ing of the world's most seriously en­ logically unsound, since. obviously try. Companies feel safest relying try bothers with such tests, espe­ limited and their products are hard cies Office last December. The ap­ dangered species. There has been the best trophy is also the best ge­ cially since there are no govern­ on what has been accepted as ade­ to find. The Yardley company has plication, from The Safari Clubs In­ some speculation that SCI's appli­ netic stock. ment regulations which require quate in the past. It is also true that been listed as not testing their prod­ ternational (SCI), requested per­ cation may have been a preliminary In the application, SCI sought to toxicology data. developing and evaluating alter­ ucts on animals. This is apparently mits to hunt, kill, and import for to a future suit against the Endan­ cloak their self-interests in jargon However, companies are con­ native testing methods is an expen­ because they have not developed trophies 1,025 animals from the en­ gered Species Office to force delist­ suggesting that, by creating a de­ cerned about the possibility of liti­ sive process. The initial develop­ any significant new formulations. dangered species list. ing of some of their favorite trophy mand for an animal, they will en­ gation as a result of adverse reac­ ment may cost up to $500,000 and This is not to say that, if they were Among the animals SCI hoped to animals. courage its survival. Unfortu­ there are extensive evaluation costs tions and the animal test data is to develop some new product lines, see hung on a wall were 5 orangu­ Although trophy hunting is not nately, when a species is endan­ after that. generated in the hope that it will they would not test them on ani­ tans, 5 gorillas, 10 tigers, 40 jag­ solely responsible for the dramatic gered because it is severely limited The cosmetic industry has the re­ mals. help in the event of a claim for dam­ uars, 5 clouded leopards, 10 snow decline of wildlife in the last cen­ in numbers, in most cases it is the sources and could provide funds for ages. (A pilot study by the FDA in­ Therefore, apart from certain leopards, 50 slender snouted croco­ tury, it has certainly been a con­ demand for the animal that is this sort of research if it so desired. volving 35,490 participants for a smaller firms and specialist com­ diles, and 150 leopards. Consider­ tributing factor. Habitat destruc­ threatening it. In the United Kingdom, the cos­ three-month period identified 589 panies, there are no "humanely" ing the obvious illegality of the re­ tion, introduction of domestic live­ There is no doubt that SCI will metics trade association has pro­ cases of adverse reactions which produced cosmetics. However, cos­ quest, it is questionable why the stock into wildlife rangelands, pol­ return in the future to their never­ moted further work into a cell cul­ were confirmed as being due to a metic products already in existence U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service even lution and over-hunting are all ending battle for the right to ha­ ture alternative to the Draize test. cosmetic. Thirteen of the cases were are unlikely to be subjected to fur­ considered it, or printed it in the responsible. rass, maim, murder, and stuff the In the USA, the Cosmetic, Toiletry severe in that they persisted for a ther testing unless new regulations Federal Register. Trophy hunting is perhaps the last beautiful remnants of our wild­ and Fragrance Association is trying long period and warranted atten­ are promulgated by the FDA. The Safari Club International, which most objectionable factor because it life heritage. D to reduce toxicity testing in the in­ tion by a physician.) consumer who is concerned about arranges hunting trips for its mem- serves no purpose except to pander In fact, in most ofthe testing pro­ dustry via their Cosmetic Ingredi­ animal testing should purchase cedures, the vital, and as yet un­ ent Review program. This program only cosmetics which have been answered question is whether or involves collecting research results available for some time, avoiding Mark Your Calendars Now! not tests done on other species of on various substances from the files those labeled "new" or "improved." animals can predict the effects the of cooperating companies, and mak­ We should not be seduced into sup­ '79 HSUS Annual Conference product will have on humans with ing these results available to com­ porting animal testing by the ex­ sufficient acc~racy. panies planning to use the same pensive advertising campaigns pro­ to be held in Orlando, Florida, November 7-10 substance in a new product. In this moting the latest "with-it" image. way duplication of testing can be What Are the Alternatives? There are many other actions the This year's annual conference avoided and, consequently, many individual can take. First, you can Walt Disney World 15 min. marks HSUS' 25th anniversary. Sea World 10 min. There are possible alternatives to animals can be spared. However, write to the Cosmetic, Toiletry and The members, friends, and staff of some of the current tests and the much more could be done. Fragrance Association, 1133 - 15th The HSUS will look back on 25 There is free scheduled transpor­ potential for developing others. Street, NW, Washington, DC years of milestones on the road to tation to these attractions and oth­ Laboratory techniques have pro­ What Can the Consumer Do? 20005, requesting them to promote creating a humane society. We'll ers from the hotel lobby. In addi­ gressed considerably since 1944 the development of alternative also look forward to the challenges tion, bus tours can be arranged when the Draize test was devel­ A number of animal Welfare techniques amongst their member of the future. through the hotel Guest Service oped, yet there has been little effort groups have attempted to survey companies. Helping us recount the progress Desk in the lobby. to develop and apply the new tech­ the cosmetic industry to determine Second, you can write to the in­ of the past and plan for the future The hotel also offers other "after nology. For example, one of the few which companies test their prod­ dividual companies concerned and will be Roger Caras. A noted TV hours" attractions such as tennis attempts to develop an alternative ucts on animals. As far as we can ask them to devote funds to the de­ and radio personality and author, and swimming. So, don't forget your to the Draize eye irritancy test was determine, the major manufactur­ velopment of alternative tests. Do Caras will be our keynote speaker. rackets and your swimsuits. funded by an animal welfare trust ers (about 35 companies account for not be put off by claims that they Caras has devoted most of his adult The summer issue of The Hu­ in Britain. The preliminary study 85% of the trade) appear to test on are merely following FDA require­ life to the animal welfare move­ mane Society News will carry the was carried out by Hazleton Labo­ animals in order to satisfy the FDA ments since there are no tests which ment. He has served as a director detailed information about the con­ ratories in England and the results requirement of "adequate substan­ have been officially specified by the of The HSUS, participated as a part ference program, hotel room rates, were sufficiently promising to sug­ tiation of safety" and in order to pro­ FDA. time member of the staff, and is a and registration costs. A registra­ gest that a cell culture system tect themselves in the event of a Finally, you can write your Sen­ recipient of The Joseph Wood tion form will be included for your might be able to replace the rabbit lawsuit. Smaller manufacturers ators or Representative asking Krutch medal. convenience. eye test. may not test because they do not them to support legislation that The setting for this year's confer­ So, mark your calendars now. There is no alternative at present have the facilities or because their would encourage or require the de­ ence is the Sheraton-Twin Towers Our 25th annual conference is to the use of animals to determine products are based on well-tried for­ velopment of alternative testing in Orlando. Located in Florida's going to be a time to learn, a time oral toxicity, but one could use far mulations which have been dem­ methods for cosmetics or other prod­ lake country, the Sheraton hotel is to share, a time to renew old friend­ fewer animals than demanded by onstrated by years of human con­ ucts and would cut down the num­ only minutes from some of the ma­ ships, and a time to plan-for the the LD50 test. In 1943, a test was sumption to be safe. ber of animals subjected to labora­ jor tourist attractions of the state. animals! D devised to measure the Approxi- Beauty Without Cruelty, an Eng- tory use. D

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 7 6 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 with bute masking the pain, an un­ eration has voted to ban bute and sound horse can be raced without other anti-inflammatory drugs in taking time out to heal. equestrian competitions. The legal­ A thoroughbred may weigh as ization ofbute for racing horses has much as llOO pounds, and all this been a disaster for the animals. But, weight is supported by four thin instead of repudiating the use of legs. When racing, an enormous bute during races, horsemen are amount of stress is put on the legs. Run To Death seeking permission to use even A lot of horses are raced too young more powerful anti-inflammatory in the first place, before their bones drugs, now on the market. These are fully matured. include Motrin, Arquel, and Equi­ By racing on an already injured proxen, each more than ten times leg, the horse risks further injury as potent as phenylbutazone. Ifthis or complete destruction of the limb. happens, death and injury may be­ This results in a shortened racing come the surest bet at the track. life for the animal, and opens the door to breakdowns such as Easy Lasix When drugs and racing mix, Edith's. Many horses are literally raced to death in an effort to It is estimated there are several it's the horse that loses squeeze the last bit of profit from hundred drugs and medications them. that can be used on racehorses to -.; c: According to the Illinois Hooved affect their performances. Most of ~ Animal Humane Society (IHAHS), these are not easily detectable by ~ Easy Edith was a five-year-old three days. However, when the "While the number of horses which standard blood, urine, and saliva :§ mare with arthritic knees and state put a temporary ban on phen­ are breaking down on various analysis. To further complicate chronic soreness in the legs. Time ylbutazone, only three horses broke racetracks has risen dramatically matters, certain medications make spent grazing in the pasture might down over the next 54 days of rae­ since the era of permitted medica­ it more difficult to detect other sub­ have healed her legs, but in the rac­ mg. tion, these statistics fail to reflect stances in laboratory tests. ing game time spent off the track The link between drugs and the even greater number of horses Lasix is one such medication. La­ A photo taken off a track television screen shows jockeys Robert Pineda means expense with no income for breakdowns showed up even more that were injured while racing but six is the brand name ofthe generic and Rudy Turcotte as they were thrown to the track when Easy Edith broke the owner. So Easy Edith, her knees clearly in a report by the Illinois were able to limp off the track and drug furosemide. It is a diuretic down at Pimlico, causing three other horses to fall with her. treated with corticosteroids and state veterinarian that 98% of the return to their stalls without the with a pre-race injection of phenyl­ horses that had to be destroyed on aid of the track ambulance. And butazone to numb the pain, was set Chicago tracks between March and even these figures would not be in­ When pre-race injections of buta­ This happened in the eighth race, Bettors are able to turn away with­ to race at Pimlico on May 3, 1978. December, 1976, were racing with dicative of the true number of zolidin were legalized in Pennsyl­ the feature at Keystone Race Track out guilt. It was her last race, but Easy Ed­ phenylbutazone. horses being abused by drugs since vania, on-track breakdowns at the yesterday. Rokamali was eligible They had to see Rokamali. It was ith did not go down easy. Rounding in most cases it isn't known until Keystone Racetrack near Philadel­ for the race under all conditions, in­ the worst breakdown most of them the next morning, after the drugs the final turn of the course, her left Bute phia increased by 400%. The follow­ cluding the unwritten one that says had ever witnessed. You could feel fore cannon bone shattered. Three have worn off, if the horse is lame." ing article written by Larry the life of a thoroughbred horse them cringing. In the clubhouse on other horses went down with her. Phenylbutazone, called "bute" for According to HSUS investigator McMullen for the Philadelphia means nothing ... the third level at Keystone, bettors Two jockeys were injured in the fall, short, is the best known of the drugs Marc Paulhus, "Many horses that Daily News, vividly describes the Rokamali was three years old and shouted at Rokamali, "Stay down and a third, Robert Pineda, was involved in racetrack abuses, and are found to be hopelessly crippled horror of one of those breakdoU{ns: a gelding, which means that when horse."· killed. has drawn the most attention na­ are sold for a mere $200 to $400 he was through racing, he could not Finally, the grooms reached Ro­ Easy Edith was destroyed on the tionwide. It is an anti-inflamma­ each to the 'killer man,' who, con­ have been used to breed other kamali and he was lying on his side track by the state veterinarian, a tory, analgesic drug, relieving the scious of the escalating demand for Rokamali tried to win. He ran as racehorses. then as the horse ambulance came scene witnessed more and more fre­ pain of an injury by reducing the horse meat in foreign countries, is hard as he could; as far as he could up. The veterinarian must have in­ quently by racing fans as more inflammation associated with it. able to make a fat profit offthe flesh ... By mid-stretch he was dead. jected death into his veins as he lay states legalize the use of pain-kill­ Phenylbutazone is helpful for peo­ ofracing's casualties." The drugged, He ran his legs off. Both of his ROKAMALI there. ing drugs on racehorses. ple with arthritis; and when used injured horse, no longer able to com­ front legs snapped at the knees. I don't know because I couldn't No one knows to what extent correctly on horses, it can give great pete at the track, cannot look for­ They bent the wrong way as he Trainers says thoroughbteds are look anymore- phenylbutazone was responsible for relief from pain. ward to a pleasant retirement at the went down. The jockey, Stephen Pa­ dumber than most ·other animals. He died in bright sunshine and Easy Edith's breakdown. It is According to Jensen-Salsbery breeding farm. It is far more likely gano, was thrown clear, Rokamali The blood of a racehorse tells him on afast track. By the time his car­ known that on-track breakdowns Laboratories, which manufactures that this once promising money­ struggled to get up. He was stand­ he must run and compete. It says cass was hauled away in the am­ have increased significantly in the the drug for veterinary use under maker will suffer additional pain ing straight up in the rear but his almost nothing else to him. bulance, the tot board in the infield 20 states that have a permissive the name Butazolidin, "Alleviating and injury while trucked from track legs in front were flapping from the Rokamali didn't know enough to showed moneyhad already been bid medication policy for racehorses. inflammation resulting from tissue to auction to slaughterhouse. His knees. stay down when he fell. He would on the ninth race. At Keystone Racetrack near injury may restore or contribute to torment may continue for days or All of his weight in front was have run again if he had been able. Philadelphia, breakdowns in­ increased function, but it does not weeks. pressing down on the top half of his A lot of times when a race horse Citizen's outrage at such cruel creased by 400% after the legaliza­ alleviate the clinical condition. Bute was never meant to be used legs. The bottom part of his legs breaks a leg, it is almost unnotice­ abuse ofanimals forced a temporary tion of phenylbutazone in Pennsyl­ This must be accomplished by the to allow an animal to stress an in­ were bent the wrong way,just lying able. It might break at the ankle ban on pre-race medication in Penn­ vania. In 1976, the track was ex­ normal healing process." jured limb further by racing on it. on the track. and then the flapping is hard to see. sylvania. periencing one breakdown every Healing takes time and rest, but The International Equestrian Fed-

8 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 9 Profit way, and even fewer turn the type weaknesses. If selected as breed treatments are given week after of profits that make good reading in week, race after race, they inevita­ The arguments for allowing pre­ stock on the basis of his successful race medication are all economic. the trade magazines. For every Af­ performance, he may pass along his bly lead to osteoarthritis, bone de­ firmed or Alydar, there are a thou­ calcification (making fractures Owners claim they cannot make a defects to his progeny. This will profit on their horses unless they sand $3,000 selling platers just one lead to eventual deterioration of the more likely), interference with the step ahead of the Alpo can." body's immune system, decreased can keep them on the track with breed. function of the adrenal glands, and medication. Racetrack administra­ With economics like these, race­ temporary sterility. The quick cure tors say that with the lengthening horse owners insist they cannot af­ Seeking Solutions becomes the long-term crippler. of racing seasons, it is necessary to ford the luxury of allowing their Permitted medications are not keep marginal animals on the track horses' injuries to heal naturally. A It is obvious the drug abuse prob­ the only source of abuse. Many of in order to have enough horses to horse with a sore tendon may need lem on American racetracks is of the drugs given to racehorses are fill the racing cards, and that this a month at pasture to recover com­ enormous proportions. Equally ev­ illegal. As far back as the 1930's, can only be done by permissive pletely. Then it will take another ident is the conclusion that state horses were given narcotics such as medication. month in training before the horse racing commissions cannot, on the opium, cocaine, and morphine. When examined closely, both is ready to race again. whole, be relied upon to put a stop Later, new drugs were developed these arguments are deceptive. Many horses are not owned by to cruel and corrupt drugging prac­ tices. and horses were soon racing with The Illinois Hooved Animal Hu­ one concerned individual, but by a sophisticated stimulants to spur mane Society recently published a syndicate of faceless investors who HSUS believes the use of drugs When the total impact of a horse's weight falls on one leg at top speed, the such as bute, Lasix, and steroids to stress on the bone and joints is tremendous. them to greater speeds, or depres­ survey of authoritative information may never even see the horse, and sants to calm the high strung ani­ on the misuse of drugs in horserac­ are only concerned with making allow unsound horses to race con­ which increases the flow of urine, Its ability to dilute other, illegal, mals. ing by Robert 0. Baker. The study money off it. tributes to further injuries and breakdowns and constitutes cruel thereby diluting the amount of drugs may account for its use in The drug Sublimaze, though il­ shows that the economic advan­ What the owners should know is and inhumane treatment of these other drugs in the animal's urine to many cases. Another reason for the legal at the track, has been popular tages supposed to come from racing that a horse which is allowed to heal animals. A total ban on medications levels which may be too low for test­ popularity of Lasix is its diuretic in recent ye,ars. It is a pain relieving horses on medication do not ac­ its injuries naturally will have a for 72 hours preceding a race is the ing laboratories to detect. It is weight-loss effects. Administered compound said to be 50 times more tually exist. According to the study, longer racing life. In the modern first step towards reform. known that Lasix is capable of di­ the day before a race, Lasix can re­ powerful than morphine. According "Horsemen who race their horses on racing game, horses are being Furthermore, the use of illicit luting such strong narcotics as mor­ duce a horse's weight six to eight to sports writer Andrew Beyer, medication may have a short-term "burned out" after two or three drugs can be significantly reduced phine and methadone below detect­ pounds by dehydrating it. This "Twenty-two horses from seven sta­ profit, but, in many cases, a long­ years. While the use of drugs per­ if racetracks are required to con­ able levels. weight loss could be the difference bles who ran at Calder Race Course term loss ... too often the practice mits a sore horse to race when he duct thorough pre-race inspections Many states have legalized the between losing and winning a race. from mid-October through early of racing medicated horses aggra­ should be convalescing, the long­ use of Lasix for racehorses in the The problem is that Lasix, like any December (1978) were found to vates injuries to the point of pro­ run effect is to reduce the number of all horses. In addition to a phys­ belief it helps prevent nosebleeds strong drug, has dangerous side ef­ have Sublimaze in their urine spec­ ducing irreversible damage which of races he is able to enter during ical examination for soundness, samples should be taken for imme­ in the horses. It is interesting that fects. According to the manufac­ imens. All 22 finished first or sec­ leads to fewer starts, eventual the year and during his lifetime. In diate biochemical analysis. Pre­ racing commissions have seen fit to turer, overuse of La six can increase ond." No wonder backstretch work­ downgrading of the horses, and fact, the average number of starts race testing would allow the dis­ approve Lasix for this purpose, the risk of circulatory collapse, ers have nicknamed the drug shortening of their careers." per horse has decreased from 11.95 since the federal Food and Drug Ad­ thrombosis and embolism. To ad­ "rocket fuel!" in 1961 to 9.8 in 1977. qualification of drugged horses be­ In 1973, the Illinois Racing Board fore they are raced, saving them ministration has never approved minister such a drug to horses that Medications are not always given voted to allow pre-race medication Clearly, neither the owners nor the drug for nosebleeds, nor has the have no medical need of it is dan­ to effect a positive improvement in from the possibility of aggravated because horse owners claimed it the racetracks can meet their eco­ injury. manufacturer been able tosubstan­ gerous and cruel. a horse's p~rformance. If the desired was necessary for them to make nomic goals through permissive HSUS has determined that the tiate its effectiveness in this regard. result is to fix a horse race, it is money. But in 1977, the Chicago medication. The argument that Furthermore, "nosebleed" is a much less risky to drug two or three best hope for racing reform will Division of the Horsemen's Benev­ medication is necessary to keep the come through federal legislation. misleading diagnosis, since the of the horses in order to make them olent and Protective Association racing cards filled is disputed by bleeding usually originates in the More Drugs lose, then bet heavily on the un­ HSUS and the American Horse Pro­ complained that 95% of horse own­ statistics. The IHAHS report shows tection Association are preparing lungs. One study of 50 horses who Although bute and Lasix are the drugged horses. This can be done ers were losing money. Clearly, per­ that, while the number of races in­ were bleeders concluded that such medications most commonly legal­ effectively because most states only specific proposals for pre-race test­ missive medication is not the an­ creased 137% from 1952 to 1977, ing and the prohibition of medica­ bleeding was associated with pul­ ized for horseracing, some states require blood, urine, or saliva tests swer to the horse owner's problem, the number of runners increas~d by monary diseases such as chronic have relaxed controls on still other for the first three horses to cross the tions which will be shared with a and it is terribly inhumane to the 160%, and the number of foals in­ congressman who is also concerned bronchitis and pulmonary emphy­ substances, or are under pressure finish line. Following his apprehen­ horses. creased by 216%. If racetracks are about racetrack drug abuse. sema. IfLasix does reduce bleeding, to doso. Included here are cortico­ sion, career race fixer Tony Ciulla Racing is a gambling game, and having a problem finding enough then it is only covering up a pul­ steroids and hormones, which are admitted rigging several hundred HSUS investigator Marc Paul­ those who cannot afford to lose horses to fill their racing cards, it hus, who has studied the drugging monary disease which should dis­ widely used and flagrantly mis­ races at 39 tracks. According to a money should not be in it. Accord­ could be because the misuse of qualify a horse from racing for its used. Sports Illustrated article, he fre­ issue in depth, believes "It is most ing toEquus magazine, "It costs up­ drugs on the animals has decreased important that HSUS members and · own health. Corticosteroids are capable of re­ quently used the tranquilizer wards of $14,000 per year to keep the number of races each horse can It is clear, though, that Lasix is ducing or stopping inflammation, acepromazine to fix races. friends help us to sensitize the gen­ one horse in training. The average run. eral public and political leaders to often used for reasons other than its and are frequently used to treat ·In order to protect the integrity earnings-per-start an owner can ex­ Horsemen should also be con­ questionable effect on bleeders. The equine joints and tendons. For ex­ of the races, the health of the race­ the fact that the racing of drugged pect his horse to win is a paltry cerned about the long term effects horses is morally and ethically un­ New York Racing and Wagering ample, a horse may have an injured horses, and to insure that bettors $550. That means each horse must of permissive medication on breed­ joint "tapped," the synovial fluid in justifiable. In order to protect Board Drug Medication Study are not cheated or deceived, state start a total of 25 times per year ing programs. With the use of pain­ showed that at some tracks 75% of the joint removed, and replaced racing commissions should be horses, and to a certain extent jock­ just to pay for feed, board, and train­ killing drugs, a horse may have a eys, breeders, and racing fans, the the horses racing received Lasix, with a steroid such as cortisone. The cracking down on the use of illegal ing. Only a small minority of Thor­ successful racing career despite horse then seems to be "good as animals cannot be allowed· to race even though only 2% of them were drugs. Instead, they are making po­ oughbreds actually pay their own poor conformation or inheritable bleeders. new" and ready to race. But if these tentially harmful drugs legal. on anything but hay and oats." D

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 10 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 11 Hi: We've been killing porcupines hit the animal very accurately in vealed that even the National Rifle here in the woods and one we killed the heart or brain. Association had taken the position MAIL ORDER MAYHEM took three darts to drop him, another Even more frightening for pet on blowguns that "the same safe­ took one dart in the head, a third owners, some of the blowgunners guards which attend the sale of fire­ holed out in a crevasse, was stub­ seem to feel free to use this weapon arms to minors should apply to any HSUS seeks ban on born and took six, but last night at on dogs and cats. Although hunting device which can be lethal," and blowgun sales dusk we spotted a big, tough one and shooting domestic pets is illegal would support legislation to do this. high in a tree well anchored. All in all states, the fact that the At the time the Consumer Prod­ three of us commenced firing darts blowgun is a silent weapon makes uct Safety Commission investi­ into him. He squeeZed at the first its use in this way difficult to detect. gated, they were told by the House volly of darts, but did not drop even The blowgun is also hazardous for of Weapons' owner that he was get­ though at least five struck him. We people. When grown-ups with guns ting out of the blowgun business. kept shooting until we had put 26 so often injure each other in the On the basis of the information that woods, it is safe to assume that no more blowguns were going to be 1""••------~d~a:r:ts:i:n~to:h:~~·m:,dropped from th£ tree,before dead. he Ifinally gueS< young children shooting their manufactured, the Commission de­ blowguns in urban and suburban nied the petition for formal con­ areas are going to have accidents, trols. too. Furthermore, the manufac­ It is now clear that these weapons which also features bow and arrow turer's literature promotes the are again being manufactured and outfits, rifles, shotguns, and even blowgun for hunting and defense. It sold to the public. HSUS is consid­ submachine guns. is not clear what defense means to ering petitioning the Food and This blowgun is by no means a his needles really protected him and the manufacturer, but some readers Drug Administration to have the toy. HSUS investigators found that he was an old tough hided hombre. may take it to mean defending product taken off the market, or the spring tempered steel darts We love these new weapons. Thanks. themselves against other people. have strict controls put on its sales, would easily pierce through a soda Curtis Gibson, Orem, Utah. The blowgun user is also at risk. because it is a dangerous mechani­ pop can, or, at a range of 30 feet, Even though the weapon is labeled cal device with the potential to pierce through a half-inch plywood The blowgun comes in four differ­ "Caution: Do Not Inhale Darts," it abuse and injure animals, espe­ board. The efficiency of the blowgun ent sizes, ranging from 6¥2 feet, said would be easy to forget and draw a cially when used with poisons as a killing weapon is further at­ to be highly accurate, to a 20-inch deep breath while holding the known to cause suffering before tested to in letters from satisfied model, called the "Assassin Gun," blowgun to your lips. A dart drawn death. The FDA can take such an customers, which the House of which is promoted as being easily into the throat or lungs could cause action when a clear danger exists. Weapons reprints and sends to pros­ concealed. Although the company's death by choking or bleeding unless Last year, it banned the sales of pective buyers. Here are just a few brochure admits that "most states medical help was given quickly. electric shock collars that were ac­ of the more than 200 letters re­ do not allow any sort of drugs or This dangerous situation caused tivated by a dog's barking, when it printed: poison to be used in hunting ... "it Representative Edwin B. Forsythe, was shown that these collars could nevertheless describes a number of of New Jersey, to petition the U.S. cause burns on the dog's neck. Sir: I am very happy with my new poisons that could be used on the Consumer Product Safety Commis­ It is hoped the authorities will see blowgun. I've never had so much fun dart to make it possible to kill big sion in 197 4 to put strict controls that the Jivaro Blowgun is not a in my life. From my bedroom win­ game. Some of the poisons can be on the sales of these weapons to mi­ target-practice toy, but a ready­ dow I'm picking off big pesky black made at home with easily available nors. In building a case for these made instrument of cruelty to crows at 30 yards. Boy are those an­ materials, such as rotten meat or controls, the Forsythe petition re- animals. D noying birds. And there's one damn certain weeds. One suggested poi- cat that won't ever bother us again! son, made from cigarette tobacco, is Thanks again. Willie Hankin, Shal­ known to cause a particularly pain­ HSUS Investigator low Water, Kansas. ful death, by paralysis and suffoca­ Marc Paulhus demonstrates the Jivaro Blowgun tion. Dear Gents, My friend and I got our HSUS believes that even when 4% foot blowguns. The first day we the weapon is used for legal hunt­ bagged two large rats, a deer, three ing, the blowgun can cause great rabbits, ten squirrels, 1 V2 dogs, suffering to the animals because of among other things. Need I say the difficulty of killing an animal more! Jay Pewitt, Chester, New Jer­ with only one dart. An animal that sey is able to escape with a dart stuck It's a silent, deadly weapon, eas­ HSUS wants it taken off the mar­ in its side probably faces a slow ily capable of killing small animals. ket, and is considering petitioning Dear Sirs: The blow gun and darts death from infection at the wound With the addition of a little home­ the Food and Drug Administration are so powerful and accurate that site. If the animal is disabled by the made poison, it could kill large an­ to ban its sale. the first day I had it I got 1 rabbit, first dart, it is likely to be peppered imals, even people. It costs under The weapon, called the Jivaro 4 birds, and2 squirrels. I am 13 and with more darts, turned into a liv- ~ ten dollars, and is available by mail Blowgun, is widely advertised in I must say that the blowgun is even ing pincushion for the pleasure of cg order to anyone, anywhere in the hunting and outdoor magazines. It more powerful than I thought it the blowgunner, until it finally sue- ~ United States. It is highly accurate is sold by the House of Weapons, a would be. Peter La Farge, Denver, cumbs. To kill instantly, with only 1 and easy to use-a child can do it. mail order company in Provo, Utah, Colorado one dart, it would be necessary to The dart, made of spring tempered steel, easily pierces an aluminum can.

12 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 13 Whale Quotas Alaskan Wolf Kill Halted Lowered At IWC Meeting Humanitarians have temporar­ lings for three to four years in the In Tokyo ily frustrated the Alaska Depart­ late sixties, human hunting limits ment of Fish and Game in its at­ were not limited until 1976." Fox tempt to kill 170 wolves in the suggested that, rather than de­ Alaska wilderness. stroying wolves, the moose herds The Department proposes to and the true subsistence hunters Almost 3200 whales' lives will be shoot the wolves to artificially in­ might be better served by restrict­ spared this year as a result of low­ crease the numbers of moose in the ing trophy hunting and patrolling ered whaling quotas decided at a area by reducing predation. They for poachers. special meeting of the International plan to kill the wolves by shotgun The environmentalists are re­ Whaling Commission in Tokyo this from low-flying aircraft. Moose pop­ questing the court to require an en­ December. ulation levels are unusually low, vironmental impact statement from HSUS Vice President Patricia and the Department claims to be Alaska Fish and Game before al­ Forkan attended the meeting as a acting in the interest of subsistence lowing the hunt. As of this writing, member of the U.S. delegation. In hunters who depend on moose meat the court has issued a temporary that role she was able to directly HSUS Vice President Patricia Forkan (right) and other members of the U.S. for food. Environmentalists reject restraining order delaying the hunt of one species' population by man, influence U.S. policy as well as delegation plan strategy on the sperm whale quota vote. as is proposed in this case, can have work on an official basis to reduce this proposal. until arguments in the case can be The HSUS joined with six other heard. Unfortunately, before the a highly detrimental effect on other whale quotas. The meeting got off to a promis­ They said this was impossible to do. whales for the 1978-79 whaling sea­ environmental and animal welfare judge could issue the order, the species. As Fox explains in his ing start when Australia arrived To accommodate this problem, son is 19,541, as compared to 23,520 groups in a suit brought by the Nat­ hunters were out. For two days af­ statement to the court, "Several an­ with a proposal to stop sperm whal­ the Commission decided to set a last year and nearly 28,000 in 1976- ural Resources Defense Council to ter the order, hunters stayed in the imal species depend upon the re­ mains of wolfkills for their suste­ ing off their coast. This was based zero quota on females, but allow a 77. stop the hunt, which would take field, and more than twenty wolves nance. Exterminating wolves in on findings by their scientists that "mistake" factor of 11¥2% in the The HSUS will continue to fight place largely on federal lands. were shot. BLM officials said the any area, as recorded in Sweden, the sperm whale population was in quota for males. This means the fi­ for a total moratorium on all com­ The environmentalists argue that time difference and communication It would mean a drastic reduction in worse shape than previously nal male quota of 3800 includes a mercial whaling. would be a ter­ the wolf-killing plan is biologically problems delayed news of the re­ carrion-eating opportunists such as thought. Australia's own whaling bycatch of 437 females. The United rible tragedy to allow the destruc­ unsound. "Wolves and moose have straining order from reaching the the red and Arctic fox, wolverine, company has closed down, and both States unsuccessfully proposed a tion of these beautiful creatures. co-existed in Alaska for millenia hunters. and, barring major environmental raven, and snowy owl. This could Japan and the Soviet Union agreed zero quota on both males and fe­ The next regular meeting of the Predator-prey relationships are IWC will be held in London in change or outside intervention, will central to ecological balance. The lead to irreparable changes in the not to take whales in that area. males. ecosystem." D Thus, 561 whales (the quota previ­ The total quota allowed for all July. D continue to do so. Even the state artificial destruction of a large part ously set) were unexpectedly saved concedes that wolf predation does not threaten the survival of moose this year. in the designated hunt area." The The primary purpose for the spe­ suit goes on to say "The rationale cial meeting was to establish a Animal Experimentation Report Released A Talk with President Carter for this policy is political, not eco­ quota for North Pacific sperm whales. The scientific committee logical." had been unable to reach an agree­ At the request of over seventy en­ asked the President to increase U.S. · It is estimated by Alaska Fish The Institute for the Study of An­ ment on that quota at the regular vironmental and animal welfare or­ efforts to stop commercial whaling and Game that the area in question, imal Problems has just released a IWC meeting in June, 1978. ganizations, President Carter worldwide. Other topics covered in­ a 35,000 square mile tract between 32-page report assessing the atten­ At the December meeting, the agreed to meet with several of their cluded asking for greater efforts to Mount McKinley National Park tion given to animal care issues by researchers applying for grants in­ scientists recommended a zero quota representatives to discuss their con­ save endangered species and a re­ and the Yukon River, holds some on female sperm whales and a "con­ cerns. The Humane Society of the quest that the President oppose the 300 wolves and 4,750 moose. The val ving animal experimentation Evaluation servative" quota for males, mean­ United States was one of those reintroduction of poisons in federal human population of the area is from the National Science Founda­ ing a quota no greater than last asked to attend by the White House, predator control programs. only around 3,000, but the moose tion and the National Institutes of of Awarded Grant year's of 5,105. and was represented by Vice Pres­ President Carter responded posi­ are also targets for poaching and Health. They also warned that the data ident Patricia Forkan. tively and with great understand­ nonresident trophy hunters. In fact, The NIH provides guidelines for Applications Involving on North Pacific sperm whale Since the orientation of the meet­ ing of the issues. Commenting after it has been alleged that these hunt­ the care and use of laboratory ani­ stocks was inadequate and predict­ ing was the environment, and the the meeting Forkan said, "I was ers kill more moose than subsis­ mals. Review committees are sup­ Animal Experimentation ing a safe quota was very difficult. meeting was only thirty minutes very impressed with his depth of tence hunters do. posed to take animal issues into Dr. Michael Fox, of HSUS' Insti­ consideration when awarding Their recommendation sparked a long, participants were restricted in ~nowledge and commitment to debate about whether or not males the number of issues which could doing the right thing for wildlife. tute for the Study of Animal Prob­ grants. ISAP found that most pro­ and females could be distinguished be addressed. The fact that President Carter lems, said in his statement to the posals gave too little information on at sea. Japan and the USSR claimed All the groups agreed that wild­ would meet with us face to face court that "The low moose popula­ these issues to permit an informed that a zero quota on females meant life was an important topic, and shows the importance he attributes tions are the result of previous mis­ decision to be made. they would not be allowed to make Forkan was chosen as the spokes­ to many of our issues." management by Alaska Fish and This new publication is available any mistakes when killing males. person for the whaling issue. She Game. Although several severe for $2.00 from ISAP, 2100 L Street, winters largely eliminated year- NW, Washington, DC 20037.

14 The Humane Society News ~ Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 15 How To Stop Cruelty by Living Humanely

by Dr. Michael Fox

Sane and sensible animal lovers often become in­ censed when they hear or see someone pampering a pooch with clothes, nail polish, hair tint, and other extreme indulgences. Some people seem to go overboard in treating their pets, even to the extent of dressing them up like children. The sane and sensible critics claim that it's abnormal and cruel to make a dog live like that. This common conclusion I cannot support, unless the overindulgence (as with an improper diet) is actually detrimental to the pet's health. If a lonely person chooses to pamper an already dependent pet and finds emotional satisfaction in so doing, there is surely more good than harm in such a relationship. But there are many ways in which animals, both wild and tame, are really abused and misused today. There

is a very fine line between the enjoyment and use of ' 1 ~ r I '• . .I' animals and their exploitation and abuse. Understand­ .. :· ... : .. ~ . " .. ~ . , . I J • • ing can be the first step toward responsible action, and lead ultimately to social change. One of the worst abuses of pets today is their com­ Another inhumane fad, outlawed in England, is ear In regard to mistreatment and abuse of other ani­ coat would make her ill. mercial mass production on the puppy mill farms that cropping. Breeds like the Doberman pinscher, Great mals, I believe that we must begin with a firm ethical I am sure that many people would become vegetari­ supply large pet-store chains. I have visited such puppy Dane, and schnauzer commonly have this operation premise: namely, domestic (farm) and wild animals ans tomorrow if they were to see the conditions under farms and can attest that the conditions under which performed at a psychologically critical age in their lives. should be destroyed or otherwise used by man only which cattle and pigs are kept on many large feed lots the dogs are kept were inhumane and unsanitary-in The operation is itself extremely painful and postoper­ when it is essential to end suffering or for the essential and intensive factory farms today. Vegetable protein one word, atrocious. This, together with absolutely no ative care, including splinting the ears, which often benefit of mankind. By the essential benefit of man I (lentils, beans, soya, etc.) is no less nutritious, and can quality control in the breeding, and then the consequent become infected, is both cruel and barbaric. Some dogs mean the killing required to control certain diseases be produced more economically, than beef or pork. stresses of crating a_nd shipping very young puppies to are permanently head-shy after this early trauma. and in order to provide food and other animal by-prod­ Lipstick, perfumes, and other cosmetics should be of the retail outlets, makes of this whole business one of Even if it hurts only a little, why do it at all? The ucts that we require for subsistence. Much exploitation vegetable origin only. Oils and ambergris from whales the most sickening forms of the commercial exploitation animal's suffering is an unnecessary human indulgence of animals falls into the luxury category-sport hunting are used by the cosmetics industry in many foreign of animals. Often the stores charge prices for inferior which doesn't make the animal a better pet. or trapping or raising animals in captivity for their countries. They support the slaughter of these incredi­ quality pups that a local breeder wouldn't dream of Suppose you want to show your dog and the breed fur-a commodity used more frequently out of vanity ble, beautiful creatures on the verge of extinction and asking; you can often get a purebred quality pup for standards call for cropped ears? Or you say the judges than simply to keep warm. so indirectly does the person who buys such products halfthe price from a private breeder. So I urge everyone in the ring won't look at a dog with uncropped ears? If a woman could feel the pain and terror of the wild in ignorance and innocence. Hopefully alternative in­ to avoid buying a pet from a large retail store. Look at The answer is simple: change the standards and get rid animals who died so that she could wear their fur­ gredients will be in wide use soon, as they already are your local animal shelter, where you can usually find of the judges! After all, people and not Mother Nature American lynx, beaver, bobcat, wolverine, fox, raccoon, in the U.S., before all the whales are gone. purebreds as well as equally lovable mutts. decreed such rules! and countless other varieties-the very touch of her Vegetable and other synthetic substitutes are avail-

16 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 17 gered through overharvesting. and cockfight "entertainments," greased-pig catching, able; there is no reason, other than vested interest, for first begin, surely, with responsibility and respect. These dietary decisions are personal of course, and bullfights, raccoon baiting, and fox hunting are inhu­ the unnecessary destruction of animals to continue. I see little responsibility and respect for animals ap­ vegetarianism for some is too difficult. I would advocate mane and should be boycotted and protested against. Musk from animals (especially from the civet cats) parent in scientific research today. Over-exploitation non-vegetarians to at least become "conscientious Also, because conditions are such that animal abuses is also a major ingredient in perfume. Pause and think and unnecessary destruction of animals continues un­ omnivores," aware of what they eat. are frequent and often unavoidable, horse racing and how they get the musk: it's like killing a cow every der the guise of education, scientific progress, and hu­ greyhound racing (which in many states involves prior time you milk it. This is an extreme example of what man safety and health research in high school science­ The Products We Consume training with live rabbits) are ethically unacceptable. I call nonessential exploitation of animals which we fair projects, university research laboratories, and com­ Other "sports" including trophy and big-game hunting, must all learn to recognize. Our survival is intimately mercial drug and chemical testing laboratories. There Stick to old (tried, true, and tested) brands, especially and hunting with bow and arrow are to be condemned. linked with theirs, because the earth is delicately bal­ is such a tremendous waste of animals, so little respect of toiletries, household cleaning agents, and nonpre­ Hunting as a nonsubsistence activity is ethically and anced, interrelated and interdependent. for life, in the countless experiments which are purely scription drugs (particularly eye and mouth washes). ecologically untenable. Roadside zoos, some municipal Another violent, inhumane, and nonessential exploi­ academic games and of little benefit to either animal "New and improved" products and product development zoos, and circuses with various animal acts demand tation of animals, either directly or indirectly, which or man. Using animals to test the potential toxicity of to corner the consumer market with novel but nones­ rigorous scrutiny. Alternatives and substitutes are often goes by unrecognized and unchallenged, is in the some new products is not ethical practice when such sential innovation involve countless animal lives, and many: soccer, baseball, football for the spectator; nature film industry. Although a dummy shark was used in products are nonessential luxury items. We don't need often unjustifiable pain and suffering in the course of photography and natural history study for the hunter/ Jaws, countless other films, including the all-American these things; they are not essential to our well-being, running safety tests for the consumer. Sticking to the killer; and roulette or backgammon for the gambler! Western, involve the unnecessary injuring and anni­ and such killing is unnecessary and immoral. The only old brands will help reduce industry's incentive to use hilation of hundreds of animals each year. Few in the motives are safe production and profit. Much biomedical and abuse more animals in researching and developing House and Garden audience think twice about seeing a few crocodiles, research could be done without cats, dogs, and monkeys; more new nonessential products. snakes, or sharks killed for their viewing pleasure. fruit flies, especially bred for such work, tissue culture Perfumes should contain no musk (from wild civet A void using nonselective pesticides and herbicides: There are plenty more you might contend-but unfor­ and computer simulation are viable alternatives that cats and other mammals). Cosmetics labeled as being they kill indiscriminately, innocent creatures as well tunately this old belief is way off the mark: all of na­ should be more widely encouraged. of vegetable origin will not contain the oil of turtle or as pests and weeds, and they may kill or harm you or ture's resources are finite and we should regard every The longer we remain ignorant and insensitive to other animal extracts, which the label on the bottle will your children. Turning lights off on the patio will keep living thing and "resource" as rare and precious. abuse, the more ignorant and insensitive will our re­ not usually disclose. Watch also for mink-oil products. bugs away, as will personal bug repellents. Don't use An indirect effect of films on animal misuse is not lationships become in every case. Surely, the more we bug sprays or electric bug "roasters"; only a few of the rare, but it is less frequently noticed. The Davy Crockett demean nature the more we demean ourselves. Clothes and Objects millions you kill would have bitten you and some in­ films resulted in commercial opportunists creating a One of the reasons I joined the Humane Society of sects are useful or necessary in the many natural cycles. market for coonskin hats made from trapped and shot the United States is to work for animal rights. Animal The smaller your wardrobe, the less energy you will If you have a big lawn let some part go to seed and rabbits and raccoons. A large bookstore offered heaps welfare is not yet fully guaranteed either by existing have consumed: cotton and wool are more economical create a meadow for butterflies and other insects, for of sharks' jaws for sale as an added attraction following laws or by the awareness and ethical responsibility of than synthetic (polyester) materials. Kapok and other birds and reptiles; and you will provide in this manner the film release of Jaws in order to promote the paper­ those who are in charge of either making the laws or synthetic fibres are more "humane" insulators of parkas (at no cost!) seeds for the birds and small rodents during back sales of this and other related books. The shark caring for the animals. The range of abuse and uneth­ than duck and goose down. Wear no wild animal furs, the winter. And the more energy you can conserve, the is not just a useless lethal creature to be exterminated ical exploitation is extensive. We must be mature, even if the animal is not on the "endangered" list; these fewer goods you buy, and the less meat you use, the or exploited in shortsighted quick-cash commercial ven­ strong, responsible, and alert, for in the humane ethic are inhumanely caught and their use for personal dec­ more energy there will be available for the rest of the tures. But few people think twice about such exploita­ and salvation of animals is our own salvation. Our fu­ oration alone is ethically untenable. On the basis of world-for countries less affluent-and less damage tion. Why? Because our culture and values are basically ture is inseparable from theirs. this latter point, all ranch-raised fur should be avoided, will be done to areas where the wildlife is threatened also. Woolen sweaters and Kapok-filledjackets and par­ materialistic, ~o far removed from contact with the nat­ The following notes are respectfully offered as a guide by strip-mining, oil spills, deforestation, hydroelectric ural world. to a more humane and ecologically balanced lifestyle. kas will keep you just as warm! dam construction, and pollution. I also abhor the exploitation of animals in zoos and Art objects and personal accoutrements may be made from wild animal products-avoid them, since to pur­ circuses where they are used simply to entertain the The Food We Eat The Animals We Enjoy public, neglecting the inculcation of sense of reverence chase such objects is to support the needless killing of for life and concern for conservation of such animals in Some modern intensive farming systems are inhu­ animals. A void art objects and other things made from Before you obtain a pet-be it a dog, cat, gerbil, par­ their natural habitats. While most zoos are showing mane, especially for veal calves and to a slightly lesser butterflies, birds' feathers, snake and other animal akeet or whatever-read up first on how to care for it. signs of improvement, circuses and roadside menager­ extent for pigs, poultry, and battery-egg-laying hens. skins, alligator and ostrich products, sealskin, elephant You may discover that your lifestyle is not compatible ies are light-years behind. Seeing a man controlling a Eat no veal or calf liver and eat less pork, bacon, and walrus ivory, and tortoiseshell (statues, chess sets, with keeping a dog or your house is not right for a new group of elephants or lions and tigers in the ring may chicken, and eggs (unless they are guaranteed to come jewelry, etc.) Alternative materials are abundant and cat or other pet. be awe inspiring, but it is another crude illustration of from free-range hens). Then there will be less suffering. attractive. As far as wild creatures are concerned, do not pur­ man relentlessly imposing his will on all that should Balance your diet and improve your health with high chase them in a pet store or anywhere, even those that be wild and free. protein vegetables-lentils, beans, soya-and more The Shows and Sports We Enjoy have been imported or raised in captivity. To sell wild animals as "pets" is a gross misrepresentation (I think Circuses I once enjoyed, but knowing what I know fresh vegetables, grains, and fruit in season. Cheese, Be on the lookout for TV shows and films, adult and now, they only make me sad and frustrated. Like the yogurt, and other dairy products are generally accept­ it should be labeled fraud). Any life form taken from children's books that abuse or demean our animal kin. the wild for study or enjoyment should be returned as animals, we too are in a crazy circus of modern life, able since most dairy herds are not kept under inhu­ Voice complaints to the TV networks and their spon­ restricted in our own cages of narrowly defined and self­ mane, intensive conditions. Eating fish as an alterna­ soon as possible to the same place in the same condition sors, local movie houses, bookstores, and public and in which it was found (or better). D limiting values and opportunities. The way we treat tive is also a valid option for some people. school libraries. Media materials that create or perpet­ and relate to animals is, sadly enough, like a mirror Avoid tuna until the fishing industry does more to uate false or negative myths and attitudes toward an­ Excerpted from Understanding Your Pet, by Dr. reflecting the way in which we treat and relate to our reduce the destruction of dolphins. Eat no imported imals and that detract from the humane ethic of animal Michael Fox, (Coward, McCann, & Geoghegan, own kind. We have a long way to go before we can goose liver (pate de fois gras) or turtle; the geese are rights should be protested against and boycotted. Dog Inc. $9.95) rediscover our freedom and kinship with all life; it must inhumanely force-fed and turtles are becoming endan-

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 19 18 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 In 1978, $18 million dollars of ning its use on public lands. Recent easy prey to the elements, disease, on coyote stomach contents and au­ The cost of the Animal Damage of predator control. federal tax monies were spent to moves to put 1080 to use on the starvation, and sometimes preda­ topsies of dead livestock indicate Control Program, in money and in At the request of ranchers who trap, poison, and shoot 68,000 coy­ range once again have been vigor­ tors. that most incidences called preda­ animal lives, is scandalous. ADC want to use a range area, govern­ otes and 83,000 non-target species ously opposed by HSUS. The inhumanity of this misman­ tion are in reality the scavenging spends almost $265 to kill each coy­ ment trappers and poisoners will on our federal range lands. In re­ In 1978, HSUS was again party agement of livestock is another ele­ of diseased or dead sheep and cattle. ote. "sterilize" the area before livestock sponse to inflated loss figures from to a protest against Fish and Wild­ ment of the problem to be consid­ Because of this tendency to at­ Fish and Wildlife estimates the are moved into it. This shotgun ap­ sheep and cattle ranchers, (whose life because of the agency's non­ ered. Herds of up to 6,000 head of tribute the deaths of diseased ani­ average value of a sheep as $42. It proach destroys a large percentage livestock graze on public lands) the compliance with the National En­ sheep are allowed to range with no mals to coyote predation, the num­ might be cheaper to reimburse the of all the animals in the area, rather Animal Damage Control (ADC) di­ vironmental Policy Act. That Act shepherds, no dogs, and no lambing bers of sheep and cattle ranchers ranchers for each of their animals than focusing in on the very few vision ofthe U.S. Fish and Wildlife requires that an environmental im­ sheds for the period when the ewes claim are lost to predators appear lost to predators than to lavish that might prey on livestock. Service is systematically destroy­ pact statement be prepared before are most susceptible to disease, in­ to be highly exaggerated. money on the slaughter of coyotes. The methods of killing used are ing our native wildlife. any actions are taken that could jury and predation. The ranchers For example, in their draft envi­ In the state of Minnesota, and in unspeakably cruel. The steel jaw Fox, raccoon, opossum, badger, significantly affect the environ­ expect the federal government not ronmental impact statement, ADC some parts of Canada, successful leghold trap, virtually a symbol of bobcat, skunk, and birds of prey are ment. The Fish and Wildlife Service only to furnish them with cheap claims its present predator control reimbursement programs like this cruelty to humanitarians, is a ma­ all considered "non-target" animals had never filed such a statement on grazing land, but also to totally pro­ program provides a theoretical sav­ are in effect. jor weapon in ADC's arsenal. With because the primary activity of this its animal damage control pro­ tect their livestock, relieving them ing of 2,233,800 sheep per year. A recent internal audit by the the banning of 1080, cyanide has anachronistic and entrenched fed­ grams, but agreed to do so when from even this responsibility. Since the program is responsible for Department of Interior revealed become the standard poison for eral agency seems to be to kill coy­ faced with this protest. The first Ranchers and the Fish and Wild­ destroying 68,218 coyotes per year, that 60% of the animal damage con­ predator control. The cyanide pel­ lets are put in cartridges, then otes. This emphasis on coyotes fol­ draft of this statement has now life Service have, in part, created a this would mean each coyote was trol program's funding cannot even lows the deliberate extinction ofthe been released, and public hearings predator problem by ignoring ob­ expected to kill, and presumably be accounted for. This mystery of baited with raw meat. When a coy­ wolf in all of the lower 48 states are being held to receive comments vious biological realities. The true eat, 325 sheep annually. This is missing funds alone should prompt ote or other animal pulls at the except Minnesota. on the draft. Marguerite Perkins, role of the coyote is that of rodent physically impossible. An adult a complete review of the program. meat, the cartridge goes off, shoot­ Predator control has been a na­ HSUS Legislative Associate, and predator and carrion scavenger. coyote's dietary capacity is such Furthermore, even though they ing the poison into the animal's tional policy since the 1600's, and Dr. Michael Fox, Director of ISAP, When the small rodents are de­ that it could only handle 10 sheep are mandated to take preventative mouth. settlers were soon successful in kill­ have both appeared at these hear­ stroyed by USDA rodenticide pro­ a year if it were to consume nothing measures to "resolve" problems An even more abominable form ing the larger predators in the ings to demand that the environ­ grams, and the only carrion on the else. In reality, most or all of the with predating animals only, tens of"control" is denning. Coyote pups northeastern United States. In mental study be redone. Calling the range is sheep, the coyote naturally coyote's diet is small rodents and of thousands of non-target animals are pulled out of their dens with fish 1931, the first federal legislation on study "factually inadequate," Per­ turns to livestock, the only avail­ carrion. are killed each year under the guise hooks and then beaten to death, or predator control (7USC 426) was kins argued that the statement does able prey, for food. burned alive in the den with flame enacted. The mandate was handed not present a realistic variety of al­ It has been statistically demon­ throwers. down to conduct campaigns for the ternatives to the present program strated that the highest incidence The irony of the situation is that, destruction, eradication, suppres­ of trapping, poisoning, and shoot­ of loss to predators occurs in range despite this huge government pro­ gram to destroy coyotes, and despite sion, or control of wild animals that ing. Fox pointed out that the stated areas where the rodent population interfered with agriculture, live­ purpose of the program, i.e., to "re­ has been lowered. the activities of private trappers stock, or game animals. solve wildlife conflicts," is mislead­ Indiscriminate poisoning and who kill more than 200,000 coyotes This obviously outdated law ing in that the conflicts only arose trapping has killed off many ro­ annually for their fur, the overall coyote population has remained needs to be repealed and replaced when man displaced natural prey dents, others have been deliber­ with a biologically realistic man­ with domestic livestock. ately eradicated in certain areas. about the same until recently. Coy­ date that takes into consideration The conflict between livestock For instance, many prairie dog vil­ ote populations are self-regulating to some extent. When many coyotes the multiple interests in wildlife, and wildlife is the crux of the pred­ lages have been destroyed because rather than exclusively those of the ator control issue. Private ranchers ranchers fear their unattended are killed in an area, the remaining rancher. have been allowed to graze their sheep and cattle might suffer bro­ females tend to breed more fre­ HSUS has been active for more herds of cattle and sheep on public ken limbs by stumbling over prairie quently and have more pups in each litter. · than a decade in opposing the indis­ lands for more than a century. Al­ dog holes. As a side effect, black­ criminate killing of predators and though they are charged a fee for footed ferrets, who preyed on prai­ However, the numbers of coyotes in the west are now diminishing other wild animals. In 1970, HSUS this use, the cost to the rancher is rie dogs, are now thought to be ex­ rapidly under the pressure of gov­ joined with other environmental considerably lower than the cost of tinct due to 1080 and trapping. groups in a suit to stop the use of buying and maintaining private Aside from rodents, the coyote's ernment programs and fur trap­ the poison 1080 to kill predators. grazing land. major food source is carrion. Be­ pers. Given enough time and eco­ The suit never went to court be­ Most livestock owners have been cause of this, livestock deaths from nomic incentive, these people may cause a report from the Council on decreasingly interested in proper disease and injury, which should be yet succeed in pushing the coyote to Environmental Quality on the side animal husbandry methods, and attributed to irresponsible and the edge of extinction as was done effects 1080 has on the ecosystem have allowed larger and larger careless husbandry, are often at­ Coyote pups are pulled from their dens with fish hooks and beaten to death, to the wolf. With all this killing, Fish and prompted a presidential order ban- herds to roam free and unattended, tributed to predation. Studies done or burned alive in the den with flamethrowers.

20 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 21 of citizens should not determine the fate of our wildlife. New Director ways kill instantly. They spouted the usual "game management" uses There are three bills now in Con­ Appointed for Gulf gress which, if passed, would sig­ around of the trap. nificantly curb predator control pro­ States Region As of this writing, the bill has not grams. The first, S. 536, introduced left the committee on Natural Re­ by Senator Bayh, would prohibit the~ William R. Meade, III has been sources. Rowland told The News she certain kinds of trapping on federal named the new Regional Director thought it would die in committee lands. This bill is discussed in more for HSUS' Gulf States Region. just as a similar bill did last year. detail in the Federal Report on page Regions Meade comes to The HSUS with "But," she said, "we'll be back again 30 of this magazine. broad experience in animal welfare next year." Senator Bayh will also introduce work. In recent years he has served Row land has also been very busy a bill to ban the use on public lands as the executive director of the Ar­ in the area of puppy mill investi­ of poisons that have secondary ef­ Gulf States Director lington, Virginia, Animal Welfare gations. In a recent case, she fects on the environment. Both Transferred to Rocky League. worked with HSUS investigators to 1080 and cyanide are in this cate­ During his seven years with Ar­ develop evidence against an Illinois gory, since they kill non-selectively Mountain Office lington, Meade worked closely with puppy mill operating under the The HSUS on several projects. He name of Sundown Kennels. Both any animal that takes the poisoned Douglas Scott is moving from the bait as well as any animal that eats is the author of HSUS' architec­ the Illinois State Department of Ag­ white sands ofthe Gulf Coast to the en the carcass, and they do not break tural guide book for the building of riculture and The U.S. Department en::J white-capped mountains of the I down, but remain in the atmo­ animal shelters. Under his direc­ of Agriculture have been notified of Rockies. Taking over a new re­ I sphere indefinitely, often ending up the deplorable conditions at this so­ gional office for The HSUS is not a tion, the Arlington Animal Welfare The leghold trap is standard equipment in the government's predator con­ in the area's water table. League was one of the first humane called kennel. Rowland expects the new task for Scott. He opened the trol arsenal. The most sweeping reform would societies accredited by The HSUS. government agencies to withdraw Gulf States office in 1972. be effected by the third bill, Senate their approval of the kennel and During his 6% years in Corpus The Arlington shelter also served Wildlife has little or no data to ica, yet the difference in lamb mor­ Joint Resolution 8, which would es­ as the setting for one of HSUS' TV shut it down in the near future. Christi, Texas, Scott was very ac­ prove the amount of actual preda­ tality rates was only .4%. The fact tablish a national predator policy spots. tive in all aspects of animal welfare. tion losses to the ranchers. In tes­ that Wyoming has greater weather for federal lands prohibiting the Meade's architectural expertise He was especially interested in the timony before the Department of extremes than Ohio, and that Wy­ taking of predators and scavengers has been employed in the building introduction of humane education Interior concerning a draft report oming lambs are often born on the except by special permit given un­ of animal shelters in several parts into the schools, the development of on predator damage management open range with no veterinary care der due process by the Secretary of of the U.S. In addition to his activ­ humane legislation in the 5 state HSUS Opposing Move in the west, HSUS General Counsel while Ohio sheep are ordinarily the Interior. Before such a permit ities as Regional Director, Meade region, and assisting local humane Murdaugh Madden commented, kept in smaller, fenced areas makes could be granted, public hearings will also be available to local soci­ To Allow Trapping "The one consistent cry in this con­ it likely that coyote predation ac­ would have to be held to give those organizations. in Florida Scott consistently improved at­ eties seeking advice on shelter troversy which has proceeded for so counts for even less than .4% of the opposing the permit a chance to building projects. We are proud to tendance at HSUS workshops, was many years has been that there is difference. This sort of statistic speak. welcome Bill Meade to our family. The Florida Game and Fresh Wa­ a lack of data ... data-gathering should prompt serious research into The HSUS is supporting all three instrumental in the creation of col­ ter Fish Commission, which in 1973 lege credit courses in humane edu­ has been promised to Congress re­ ranchers' claims of high losses to of these bills as well as calling on led the way among states by ban­ cation, and developed a strong peatedly by Departmental officials, predators. the Department of the Interior to ning the steel jaw leghold trap, is membership base in the Gulf States commencing with Assistant Secre­ There may be some cases where study alternatives to predator erad­ now considering reopening the tary Reed in 1973, but no such stud­ individual coyotes are causing sig­ ication which would consider the Region. Rowland Testifies to state to certain types of trapping. The Rocky Mountain Regional ies have been undertaken. We sub­ nificant loss to some ranchers. In needs of wildlife and the majority Ban Trap in Indiana According to Southeast Regional Office serves the states of Arizona, mit that the reason is simply the these cases, if proper husbandry of U.S. citizens who do not want Director Don Coburn, the current likelihood that a detailed socioeco­ methods are employed, including pubiic lands used solely to further Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, and Great Lakes Regional Director high prices of river otter pelts and nomic study of cost benefit ratios use of shepherds and dogs, and pre­ the economic interests of any mi­ New Mexico. Sandy Rowland recently testified other wild furs prompted trappers would call for the elimination of dation is still a problem, it would nority group. before an Indiana Senate Commit­ to request the legalization of the this whole program, a risk those be acceptable to humanely kill or HSUS members can help in the tee which was considering a bill to conibear type trap in water sets. whose livelihood has depended relocate the particular animal caus­ fight against predator poisoning ban the steel jaw leghold trap. The HSUS strongly opposes any upon it (i.e. the damage control per­ ing the problem. But Fish and Wild­ and trapping by writing to Senator committee heard several hours of weakening of Florida's anti-trap­ sonnel themselves) are unwilling to life's wholesale slaughter of wildlife John Culver, Chairman, Subcom­ testimony by trappers and human­ ping policy that might open the door take." in response to misinformed and ma­ mittee on Resource Protection, itarians. for reintroduction of the steel jaw The little data that is available licious pressure from ranchers is to­ Dirksen Office Building, Washing­ Trapping is a controversial issue trap. Furthermore, the river otter, raises serious questions about tally unacceptable. Federal lands ton, DC 20510, and asking him to in Indiana as it is elsewhere. The which would be the prime target of claims that coyotes are responsible belong to all United States' citizens. hold hearings on the animal dam­ industry represents a 6% million the proposed trapping, has already for heavy sheep losses. For exam­ Herds that graze on public land ac­ age control program. dollar income to the residents of the been trapped and. forced out of its ple, in Ohio some years ago lamb count for an extremely small per­ Members can also write their own state. Rowland has been through habitat in many parts ofthe United crop mortality was 11.2%. In Wyo­ centage oflivestock in the country. Senators and Congressmen re­ many anti-trapping controversies States. Florida has lost much of its ming, lamb crop mortality was The ranchers are already subsi­ questing they support Senate Joint in the midwest. "The issue here is otter population, and the commis­ 11.6%. Ohio no longer has natural dized by the government in the in­ Resolution 8 and Senator Bayh's very simple," she told the senators. sion does not have adequate current predators that prey on sheep, while ordinately low grazing fees they are bills to end the government-spon­ "The issue is cruelty." The trappers information on otter population lev­ Wyoming haf;l one of the highest charged for the use of public lands. sored carnage in the west. D argued that banning the trap would els. coyote populations in North Amer- The interests of this small minority Douglas Scott is the new Rocky also prohibit the use ofthe common Coburn and Great Lakes Re­ Mountain Regional Director. mousetrap because it doesn't al- gional Director Sandy Row land,

22 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 23 West Coast Regional charged to users of the clinic for the who is an expert on the trapping sterilization of dogs and cats. She issue, will appear at a public hear­ Office Steps Up Visits SolviNG pointed out that no state tax dollars ing to be held by the Commission To Local Shelters ANiMAL PRobLEMS are to be used in the operation of in Tallahassee, Florida. In addition, the facility. HSUS has mailed an Action Alert West Coast Regional Director IN YouR CoMMUNiTy Two special meetings are being letter to all Florida members ask­ Char Drennon, previously elected planned for the New England Re­ ing them to write the Florida Game vice chairman of the Board of Ex­ gion this spring. The first is a Re­ and Fresh Water Fish Commission aminers in Veterinary Medicine, gional Membership Conference for to protest any loosening of Florida's was invited to speak to the veteri­ HSUS members and friends in the trapping regulations. nary students union at the Univer­ six-state area. It will be held on Sat­ sity of California at Davis. Fifty urday, May 5 at the Sonesta Hotel veterinary students joined the lively in downtown Hartford. New Eng­ discussion afterwards about such land Regional Director John In­ issues as course curriculum at the man, along with HSUS President Puppy Mills Are c school; showing clients you care John Hoyt, Vice President Patricia E"' :;; c about their pets; posting fees and Forkan and ISAP Director Dr. Major Source of c 0 giving estimates to consumers; an­ Michael Fox, will meet with the C!l A Worl~shop for: Cruelty In Midwest iJj ::> imal ethics; and the intrinsic value • humane society leaders group to discuss animal welfare is­ (f) I of animals. • onimol control agents sues. Cruel puppy mills are a continu­ I The West Coast Regional Office • municipal officials On June 15 and 16, a HSUS ing concern for Midwest Regional Midwest Regional Director Ann Gonnerman inspected this puppy mill out­ has stepped up visits to local hu­ • shelter worl~ers Workshop, "Solving Animal Prob­ side Des Moines and found conditions unsafe and unsanitary. • educators Director Ann Gonnerman. She re­ mane society animal shelters and lems in Your Community," will be Sponsored by cently inspected two such breeding animal control agencies. "Not all held in Albany, New York. HSUS facilities and found dogs living in .:,!At;.N£~ visits to shelters are because of com­ f a The Humane Society staff members will conduct the filthy conditions and unprotected plaints received by our office," said ~ iJ of the United States workshop which will cover subjects from the cold, winter weather. "'>, ~ Eric Sakach, Field Investigator for "I!Nrtf.O such as animal rescue, sheltering, In one kennel, outside Des A reporter from KAKE-TV in the West Coast Region. "During and control, investigations, educa­ Moines, Iowa, she found the dogs Wichita, Kansas, accompanied field assignments, we make every tion, organization and program de­ living in wire runs with manure fro­ Gonnerman on an inspection of a attempt to visit the local agency, The New England Regional Office velopment, and fund raising. For zen and piled high around them. kennel near that city. They saw will sponsor an animal control observe their operation and become workshop in Albany, New York on more information on the Member­ These dogs had the special problem c dirty, cold dogs in wire runs and acquainted with the staff. We'd like ship Conference or the workshop on "'E June 15 and 16. of having to carefully negotiate :;; flimsy wooden cages. One dog, with c to know if there's a problem area animal problems, contact the New every step they took in their cages, c a large,openwound on its side, was 0 where we can be of assistance or if England Regional Office at 630 C!l because the bottoms were made of iJj running loose on the property. ::> they have a program they may be Oakwood Avenue, Suite 213, West wire with crossbeams. (f) In order to sell animals whole­ I particularly proud of." Sakach con­ Hartford, CT 06110. Although the animals appeared I sale, breeders such as these must tinued, "Our main concern is the to be well fed, the water in their Wire cage bottoms made walking be licensed by the U.S. Department quality of the care given to the an­ bowls was frozen. very difficult for the dogs. of Agriculture, which requires imals." them to meet minimum standards Sakach recently visited shelters Call f-Or Animal Rights , of humane care. Because of lack of and noted areas needing improve­ Connecticut State Goes To Congress compliance, both breeders had ei­ ments in Merced, Salinas, Indio, ther given up their licenses or had Desert Hot Springs, and Blythe, Spay/Neuter Clinic As we go to press, The HSUS them suspended by the USDA. Both California, and in Ely, Nevada To Open News has learned that Senator are still operating, though, because where 23 of the pound's 30 kennels Harrison Williams of New Jer­ these states do not have laws re­ were in such a state of disrepair sey has read into the Congres­ Ms. Dorothy McCaffery, Deputy sional Record the text of HSUS' quiring minimum standards of they were unusable. Most recently Commissioner of Agriculture for care. As long as the kennels only resolution on Animal Rights the office was requested to conduct Connecticut, recenlly announced and Human Obligations passed sell the pups retail, they are outside a detailed inspection offacilities for the planned opening of the first USDA jurisdiction, and not covered the Ventura County Department of at the 1978 annual conference. Connecticut State spay/neuter Reprinted with the resolu­ by state law. Animal Regulation. Sakach's find­ clinic. Contracts have been signed "These are the conditions we are ings and recommendations were tion will be the article on Ani­ with a veterinarian, and a lease has mal Rights: The Search for a encountering throughout our terri­ sent to county officials. been taken on a building, formerly tory," said Gonnerman. "There are "We are happy to evaluate any Legal Definition, which ap­ the town hall in Bethany, Connect­ peared in the Winter, 1978 issue too many places like these that are facility," said Sakach, "and even icut, which will be the site of the of the News. falling between the cracks of the happier if the visit is requested by spay/neuter clinic. law, ifthere is a law." city or county officials. It shows that The HSUS is grateful for this Start-up funds for the clinic came opportunity to place before Gonnerman is working to solve they're concerned about the welfare from private contributions collected this problem. Committees are being ofthe animals." Congress and others our de­ by humanitarians in the state. Ms. claration of man's responsibil­ set up in Kansas and Missouri to McCaffery stated that the clinic is ity to acknowledge and protect obtain state legislation that would expected to be self-sustaining from the rights of animals. require kennels to maintain mini­ the revenues generated by fees Gonnerman found heaps of frozen manure in the wire runs. mum standards of care.

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 25 24 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 is quite natural for dogs in the wild They should also show what spe­ stant daily intake of all the essen­ Ho\V To: to eat the dead and diseased re­ cies of animal products are in the tial amino acids present in meat. mains of other animals: this is food. Percent protein is not suffi­ Unlike dogs, their systems appar­ called carrion. All "4-D" meat, as cient, since some pets are allergic ently cannot tolerate extended pe­ ' to certain meat species. Also, the Shop For unsavory as it may seem to us, is riods without animal protein (meat) safer than such natural organic car­ amount of protein gives no indica­ even though they often enjoy cer­ rion food because it is heat steril­ tion of quality since some animal tain vegetables. Dogs, though they Pet Food ized. It has been estimated that over protein by-products are of poor are basically carnivorous like the $1 billion is lost annually from quality or bioavailability. Lungs cat, are much more omnivorous. transport stress, disease, and bruise and lips are of lower quality than They adapt well to a more "vegetar­ injuries in the livestock industry. muscle and liver. Hence the various ian" type diet, so don't be put off This "windfall" is the staple of organ parts that are mixed into the when you read there is a high per­ America's sixty and more million formula should be indicated on the centage of vegetable (cereal) ingre­ pet cats and dogs. label. A can of lungs and intestines dients in the dry meal, semi-moist, and other meat by-products is less or canned food you feed your dog. nutritious and balanced than a dish It has been estimated that at On the Label of dry meal that is a scientifically least one third of all dogs in the U.S. The U.S. Food and Drug Admin­ complete and balanced formula­ are overweight, and overweight by Dr. Michael Fox istration has the same require­ tion. cats are too prevalent as well. Over­ Director, Institute for the ments for the labeling of pet foods Look for pet foods that list all the eating and lack of exercise are the Study of Animal Problems as it does for other foods. This in­ ingredients; the percentages of the main reasons, together with the life cludes the name of the manufac­ major nutrients; feeding instruc­ style and habits of the owner (who turer, a truthful name for the prod­ tions as to how much and how often; may also be overweight). The pet uct (i.e., a product cannot be called and whether the contents are ade­ remedies are obvious: don't over­ A government survey completed "beef chunks" if it contains little or quate for maintenance and/or feed, cut out between meal treats in 1976 on the dietary habits of the no beef), and a list of the ingredients growth and meet the minimal re­ and exercise regularly. nation revealed that the average in descending order according to the quirements established by the Na­ I am often asked if it is acceptable American does not eat a properly amount of each ingredient in the tional Research Council. to feed dog food to cats and vice­ balanced diet. Since many people product. This last requirement I recently surveyed the labels of versa. Feeding cat food to dogs is all don't seem to be feeding themselves means that ifthe ingredient listing over sixty different varieties of ma­ right, though costly, but cats should sensibly, are they feeding their pets reads "water, fish, chicken parts, jor brand pet foods in a supermar­ not be fed dog food. They need a an adequate diet? beef," then the product contains ket. All dry dog and cat foods had very different diet, high in protein Pets may in fact be on a better more water than anything else, adequate labeling covering the four that is not available in dog foods. diet than their owners. This is be­ more fish than chicken, more major criteria above. So did the As for vitamins and other supple­ cause some (but not all) cat and dog chicken than beef, and so on. semi-moist or soft-moist foods. ments: these are not necessary un­ foods a:re scientifically formulated The FDA further requires that all Great inconsistencies and serious less your veterinarian advises it. to insure that your pet receives all information on the label be truth­ omissions were found in the label­ However, many dry dog foods are the nutritious ingredients essential ful. Pet food products are not re­ ing of many of the (moist) canned low in polyunsaturated fats, so giv­ for its health. quired by law to be classified on the pet foods, particularly those of cats. ing your dog about one tablespoon The major pet food companies label as nutritionally balanced, or Several did not state that the ingre­ of vegetable oil per thirty pounds have spent billions of dollars in nu­ complete and balanced, but if the dients satisfied NRC standards or body weight in his meal each day trition research and have conducted manufacturer does use these terms would meet the eat's requirements will make up this deficiency and long-term studies on cats and dogs on the label they must be used for growth or maintenance. Many balance out the high carbohydrate in their research facilities to insure truthfully. For purposes of judging people are not aware that these content of the feed. that their products are not only instincts, a more serious and ob­ variety of cheap and nutritious products may not be adequate for scraps from the butcher or fish­ the truth of such a statement, FDA Table scraps can be given to your safe, but nutritionally sound and vious problem exists. Pets have no regular feeding. They may be in the pet if the bones are removed, but opportunity to get out and choose monger. The pet food "middleman" relies on the nutritional standards acceptable to both pet and owner. occasional treat category. No such don't make more than one quarter their own natural foods. They are receives all such scraps, now called set by the National Research Coun­ product should be given to a cat as of the meal out of leftovers. An ex­ totally dependent on their owners, by-products, from processing plants, cil. It is in the manufacturers' best its basic everyday diet when there cess of table scraps, especially for a Facts About Pet Foods who in turn rely upon the pet food together with inferior cuts not suit­ interests to state whether the for­ is no statement that the contents cat, could upset the balance of the Many pets are like children, in manufacturers to provide every­ able for human consumption. are complete and balanced. To begin with, it is a fact that "4- mulation is a balanced diet for prepared commercial feed. An en­ that they may get a taste for and thing a pet requires nutritionally. tire diet of human food might not This dependency puts an enor­ D" meat is used in many pet foods. maintenance, or complete and bal­ then prefer to eat only certain foods anced for growth, lactation, and provide all the nutrients your pet mous responsibility on the manu­ This includes parts of animals that which may not be good for them. needs. facturer and it is the price they are dying, dead, diseased, or dam­ maintenance. If it is neither, it Special Considerations Wild animals seem to possess what Hard foods keep cats' and dogs' must be prepared to pay for having aged (bruised) on arrival at the should say so on the label and in­ is often referred to as "nutritional For ethical, economical, and eco­ teeth clean of tartar or scale, so if control of the market. slaughterhouse. Some of this ma­ dicate that it should only be fed as wisdom." Their instincts insure logical reasons more and more peo­ you do feed your animal a canned Market control has come princi­ terial is treated and made into meat an occasional treat or snack. Good they will eat a "sensible" complete ple are turning vegetarian, or at moist or semimoist packaged food, pally through the gradual develop­ meal which is fed back to farm an­ pet foods say that the contents pro­ and balanced diet. While some of least eating less meat. They would and it won't eat dry food or chew on ment of supermarket meat counters imals. The rest is used by the pet vide all the essential nutrients for our pets, as a consequence of do­ like their pets to be vegetarians, bones or rawhide, you must give ex­ and central meat processing plants. food industry. Now don't panic. maintenance and growth, and may mestication and imprinting onto too, but is this right for a dog or cat? tra special attention to your pet's No longer can the pet owner buy a These are the facts. Don't forget it add "as required by the National unnatural foods, may have lost such Research Council" (NRC). For cats, no. Cats require a con- teeth, particularly the back ones.

The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 26 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 27 Cats fed on a low fibre (roughage) of natural "bulk" in the diet. For tors, it is imperative that the pet is diet, such as one that is a high grade both cats and dogs, lack of exercise left completely undisturbed after it all-meat formulation, may be more may contribute to this problem. The has been given its meal. Children prone to develop furballs. Some nu­ opposite trouble-diarrhea-can be especially must learn that pets tritionists believe that natural triggered by excessively rich food, have a right to eat in peace. Reviewed by Guy Hodge roughage in the food may help hair a food allergy, or putting the pet on Always feed your pet on a regular in the eat's stomach (which it swal­ a new diet or brand of food. Always basis. Irregular feedings mean ir­ lows when grooming itself) pass on change diets or brands gradually by regular eating, wasted food, and through the bowels. slowly giving proportionately more possible digestive upsets. includes photographs, illustrations, One of the reasons why cats enjoy of the new food each day. Some dogs If your dog seems to be too greedy maps, and a bibliography. eating grass may be a reflection of are particularly sensitive to horse­ and "wolf' down his food in big Pacific Search Press is offering a their "nutritional wisdom" which meat and may have an acute gastro­ bites, in contrast to your eat's 10% discount to HSUS members on makes them seek out natural enteric reaction to such food. Per­ dainty picking and nibbling, don't Marine Mammals as well as other roughage to clean out their sys­ sistent diarrhea should be checked worry. It's the wolfish ancestral pat­ natural science titles. Write to Pa­ tems, so to speak, when their diet out by your veterinarian since fac­ tern in your dog which once en­ cific Search Press at 715 Harrison is too low in fibre-roughage. tors other than the nature of the tailed biting off and swallowing big St., Seattle, WA, 98109, for a copy I am frequently asked about the diet, such as bacterial and viral in­ hunks of deer or other prey. of their catalog, specifying that you relationship between the ash (min­ fections, can cause severe enteritis. And if your cat paws around its are responding to the offer in The eral) content of dry cat foods and Dogs and cats will go off their food food bowl as though to bury the con­ HSUSNews. urinary calculi (blockage) and cys­ for emotional reasons-fear, anxi­ tents, don't take offense. Many cats titis in cats, which is a very serious ety, depression, or jealousy. They will naturally try to bury any left­ and widespread problem. Some vet­ will sometimes over-eat when they overs, good or bad, and this too is a erinarians advise cat owners never are anxious about something or wild trait like dogs wolfing down to feed dry food to their animals. jealous or apprehensive about the their food. D Dog Owner's Bible, ed­ Such extreme precautions may not presence of another animal. With ited by Roger Caras (Stoeger Pub­ be justified for healthy cats, but some cats it is necessary to feed lishing Company, $7.95) may be advisable once a cat has had them in separate rooms since the Portions of this article previously a bout of cystitis. presence of one could inhibit its appeared in McCall's Magazine, and Roger Caras is the editor of an Chronic or recurrent bouts of con­ companion from eating anything. are reprinted here by special per­ unusual book written for the dog stipation in cats may be due to lack Because of these emotional fac- mission. fancier. The 1978 edition oftheDog Owner's Bible is the first volume in a projected series of books to be pub­ lished under the same title. The book contains 31 articles written by well-known dog experts, ''YOU CANNOT DO A A mother sea otter and her pup, one of the many illustrations from Marine including HSUS staff members Mammals. Charles Herrmann and Guy Hodge. KINDNESS TOO SOON, Common aspects of dog ownership are discussed including steriliza­ BECAUSE tion, immunization, nutrition, ex­ Marine Mammals, edited terns of communication. These find­ ercise, and pet travel. However, at­ YOU NEVER KNOW by Delphine Haley (Pacific Search ings have prompted intensified sci­ tention is also given to such un­ Press, $26.60) entific inqmnes and have usual topics as human allergies to HOW SOON stimulated the interest and empa­ dogs, training the problem chewer, There are in excess of 120 species thy of the public. and the disposition of an animal IT WILL BE TOO LATE" and subspecies of sea mammals in­ Marine Mammals is a scholarly which cannot be kept by its owner. -Ralph Waldo Emerson cluding whales, which are the larg­ but non-technical book comprised of The Dog Owner's Bible features est creatures to have ever lived on 28 articles contributed by distin­ a 177 page reference section which earth. Although biologically linked guished authorities such as Victor includes a bibliography of hooks, You can do a lasting kindness for the animals through The to other warm blooded, air-breath­ Scheffer, Willman Marquette, Ste­ periodicals, and inexpensive pam­ HSUS Annuity Plan. You can increase the assets of The ing animals, cetaceans, pinnipeds phen Leatherwood, and Randall phlets. The reference section also Humane Society and provide for a continuing income for and their brethren are segregated Reeves. Chapters are devoted to in­ contains an extensive guide to pet yourself, with substantial tax benefits to you, through our from other mammals by the marine dividual species of sea mammals. products and accessories as well as Annuity Plan. In return for a capital gift, The HSUS will environment. Each passage contains detailed in­ a list of organizations of interest to contract to pay you for life a guaranteed annual income while Efforts to penetrate the world of formation on physiology, diet, be­ dog owners. the remainder of your investment will help assure the work marine mammals have proven havior, distribution, habitat, clas­ The Dog Owner's Bible is written and programs of The HSUS in the future. For more infor­ among the most difficult undertak­ sification, exploitation, preserva­ with the objective of assisting read­ mation, write in confidence to: Paul G. Irwin, Vice Pres­ ings in all of field biology. Scientists tion, and life history. ers in becoming knowledgeable and ident/Treasurer, HSUS, 2100 L Street, N.W. Wash­ have discovered that whales and Marine Mammals neatly cap­ considerate pet owners. It is a book ington, D.C. 20037. dolphins are possessed of remark­ sulizes current knowledge and past which will aid the dog owner in de­ ably developed brains, complex so­ history into a set of informative, riving maximum satisfaction from cial orders, and sophisticated sys- data-filled profiles. The book also the relationship with his or her pet.

28 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 29 ers and trappers that getting hear­ York has introduced H.R. 1911 Act, already cites inadequate fund­ proper and adequate enforcement ings on any trapping bill will be dif­ which would prohibit federal assis­ I I ing as one reason why the Act is not and administration of these animal ficult. tance to rental housing projects if being properly enforced. It has been welfare programs: Some of the other provisions of such projects did not allow those federal estimated that at least $8 million the Anderson and Bayh bills in­ persons to have pets. I I will be necessary to adequately ad­ Representative Jamie Whitten, clude: a committee to approve or Last year, Biaggi attempted to minister and enforce the Animal Chairman House Appropria­ disapprove traps; a ban on inter­ pass a law allowing anyone living Report Welfare Act. Without these badly tions Committee, 218 H Capitol, state commerce of disapproved (in­ in a public housing project to own needed funds, dogs, cats, and many Washington, DC 20515; humane) traps; and a 12-hour trap a pet. That was widely opposed, so wild animals will continue to suffer visitation requirement. The bills this year he has narrowed the bill in puppy mills, zoos, research labo­ Senator Warren G. Magnuson, also state that no one under eigh­ to those projects primarily for the LJ Chairman Senate Appropria­ teen may trap; traps must contain ratories, and other places regulated elderly and handicapped. by the Act. tions Committee, 1235 Dirksen the ID of the trapper; and trappers Studies have shown that pets can Rare and endangered animals Senate Office Building, Wash­ and fur buyers must keep records fulfill important psychological needs Compiled by will not fare much better under the ington, DC 20510. of their activities. for elderly people as well as com­ Patricia Forkan, proposed budget for the Interior De­ HSUS recommends that our batting loneliness. For instance, Margaret Morrison, and partment's enforcement of the En­ members ask their own Senators one study showed that pet owners Marguerite Perkins dangered Species Act. Although the and Congressmen to co-sponsor one have a better survival rate after requested amount for 1980 is not a or both of the bills now before their heart attacks than those who do not reduction from the 1979 figure, In­ respective chambers. Ask them to own pets. Handicapped adults and terior's Fish and Wildlife Service is Trapping Bills pass the strongest bill possible to children also benefit enormously already under-funded for the job it Before Congress protect our wildlife from the cruel­ from interaction with pet animals. Budget Cuts Threaten was mandated by Congress to per­ ties of trapping. Write to Senator H.R. 1911 does allow the removal Animal Programs form. Thousands of species are The trapping problem is one of Several bills that would limit the use John Culver and ask him to hold of these animals if their conduct or waiting to be added to the endan­ the most emotional and difficult to of the steel jaw leghold trap have hearings on S. 425 and S. 536: condition is duly determined to con­ been introduced in congress. stitute a threat to the health or Federal protection for pet and gered or threatened species list and solve by federal legislation because The Honorable John Culver, safety of the other occupants. HSUS wild animals will be severely jeop­ given federal protection. It is be­ federal authority is limited in this Chairman, Subcommittee on Re­ will propose that provisions must ardized if Congress does not restore lieved unlikely that more than ten regard. Congress could ban the in­ source Protection, Room 4204, be made to ensure that proper and appropriations which would be cut of these species a year will be af­ terstate commerce of traps and Dirksen Senate Office Building, adequate care is being given to the under the Carter administration's forded this protection since the re­ products from states or countries Washington, DC 20510. pet as well. proposed 1980 budget. Because of sources of the Endangered Species which do not ban traps, and/or reg­ A similar bill, H.R. 1297, has spiraling inflation, even mainte­ Office are too limited to review and ulate trapping practices on federal been introduced in the House by In the House, trapping will be nance of funds at 1979 levels will study the status of all the species lands. However, there is no way Rep. Clarence Long of Maryland. considered by two different commit­ be, in reality, a reduction. In the proposed for listing. In addition, il­ through federal action to stop the As a result of hearings held in the tees. Write to both Congressman midst of the momentum to elimi­ legal trade in endangered and use of traps manufactured and used House in 1975 on the subject oftrap­ John M. Murphy and Congressman nate unnecessary government threatened species continues be­ within a state. We often see stiff ping, a second approach was de­ J. Florio and ask each of them to States Take Action spending, many worthwhile animal cause the Interior Department does opposition to the federal govern­ vised that would strictly regulate hold hearings on H.R. 953 and H.R. programs are being undermined. not have sufficient numbers of ment's attempts to regulate trap­ trapping on federal land. This is po­ on Euthanasia 1297: The funds used to help animals agents to enforce the Act. ping or any other activity involving tentially less controversial since it The most effective voice for ma­ regulation of wildlife simply be­ would not raise the states' rights Four states have recently taken represent a minute portion of the The Honorable John M. Mur­ federal budget. Traditionally, these rine mammals within the federal cause the states claim it is their ju­ ISSUe. steps toward making euthanasia of government is the Marine Mammal risdiction. Since one of the biggest single phy, Chairman, Merchant Ma­ cats and dogs more humane. Arkan­ activities have been underfunded rine and Fisheries Committee, and have never benefited from the Commission. That Commission was There have been several bills in­ users of traps in the country is the sas banned the use of the de­ instrumental in many actions to troduced in the new Congress on the Department of the Interior, with its 1334 Longworth Building, Wash­ compression chamber in that state. largesse of the federal government. ington, DC 20515; During the next several months, protect marine mammals, includ­ subject of trapping. They take two predator control programs, stiff reg­ The Virginia legislature has passed ing fighting for strong tuna/por­ different approaches. One bans the ulations would be a good start to­ similar legislation, which is now the Appropriations Committees of The Honorable James J. Florio, the House and Senate will hold poise regulations to stop the killing sale of wildlife products taken in wards an end to cruel trapping. The awaiting the governor's signature. of hundreds of thousands of por­ states or countries which do not pro­ bills introduced using this approach Chairman, Subcommittee on The Maryland House of Dele­ hearings and scrutinize the Presi­ Transportation and Commerce, dent's proposals and the full House poise by the tuna industry. hibit the leghold trap, as well as would end the use of any trap on gates unanimously passed a bill to Funds for the Marine Mammal banning interstate commerce in federal lands that was cruel and in­ 2125 Rayburn Office Building, ban not only the decompression and Senate will vote on the 1980 Washington, DC 20515. appropriations. Inadequate fund­ Commission to do its work have leghold traps. humane. chamber, but also the use of curar­ ing has constantly hampered the been whittled down from a high of This approach is reflected in S. This second approach is reflected iform drugs to kill animals. The bill enforcement offederal animal laws, $1 million in 1977 to a meager 425, introduced by Senator Harri­ in H.R. 953 introduced by Rep. must pass the Maryland Senate be­ and it now appears that this may $640,000 proposed for 1980. son Williams from New Jersey. If Glenn Anderson of California and fore becoming law. Kathie Flood, be even more the case in the future. Other federal programs plagued passed, it will be the most compre­ in S. 536 introduced by Senator HSUS Accreditation Associate, tes­ The administration is proposing with inadequate funding include hensive and effective way to elimi­ Birch Bayh of Indiana. The Ander­ tified in both Maryland and Vir­ a reduction for Animal Welfare Act the Wild, Free Roaming Horses and nate the leghold trap. One potential son bill has dozens of co-sponsors, Pets for the Elderly ginia during hearings on the bills. funding from $4 million (the 1979 Burros Act, the Horse Protection problem is that the bill speaks only which is a good sign that Congress In Colorado, HSUS Rocky Moun­ figure) to $3.5 million for 1980. This Act, and the Humane Slaughter to the leghold trap and no other is concerned about trapping. How­ In recognition of the important tain Investigator Phil Steward tes­ is a ridiculously low figure. The Act. We urge you to write to the forms oftrapping. It could leave the ever, there is so much opposition role pets can play in the lives of tified at legislative hearings on a U.S. Department of Agriculture, Chairmen of the House and Senate door open for other equally inhu­ from wildlife managers, state fish elderly and handicapped persons, bill to permit humane societies to Animal and Plant Health Inspec­ Appropriations Committee and ask mane methods of trapping, such as and game departments, and hunt- Congressman Mario Biaggi of New obtain sodium pentobarbital. tion Service, which administers the them to increase funds for the the neck snare. The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 31 30 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 legal issue raised by the defendant HSUS will again submit its own to the effect that as a humane soci­ analysis of the problem to the Park ety employee, the prosecution wit­ Service and will consider legal ac­ ness was bound by the same Fourth tion to stop or modify the plan. ltawl Amendment constraints as though N she had been an arm of government, Do You Eat Meat? otes such as a police officer. Elk Farm Opposed The defense attorneys argued that the humane society employee The HSUS has joined with the One of the favorite questions put to animal welfare advocates by hunters, had entered the premises where the County of Marin and the Marin trappers, and others whose activities are often challenged by the humane animals were kept without a valid County Humane Society in a suit movement is "Do you eat meat?" The point of the question seems to be LJ search warrant, and therefore any in California designed to prohibit evidence she found was inadmissi­ that if one eats meat he has no ground on which to challenge those who the establishment of an elk farm in inflict suffering, generally unjustifiably, upon animals. It is a defense ble under the Fourth Amendment, Marin County. The purpose of the Compiled by which proscribes search and seizure farm allegedly is to make the ant­ mechanism, pure and simple, but one that often results in embarrassment Murdaugh Stuart Madden, without a warrant. The prosecution lers available for removal while in and withdrawal by the person being queried. HSUS General Counsel, and prepared a brief replying that by velvet, the antlers to be exported to It is undoubtedly true that one might feel more secure in his position Roger Kindler, Associate Counsel precedent, the Fourth Amendment the Far East for use as an aphrodis­ applies only to those operating un­ when challenged if, indeed, he participated in no utilization of animals Iac. that caused suffering or injury. But to suggest that one has no right to der authority of the government. This plan to bring Rocky Moun­ They argued that the humane so­ tain elk into Marin County in order challenge those who inflict sufferjng on animals in other forms because ciety employee conducted the inves­ to create a new "farming operation" he eats meat is as absurd as to suggest that one has no right to object to tigation as a private citizen, not as is being strongly opposed. The Su­ murder because he has fought in a war. an agent of the government, and perior Court there has been asked There is surely a difference between killing an animal for food purposes therefore the evidence she obtained to bar the project by issuing a writ (as some hunters do) and abusing and injuring animals for pleasure, sport, should be admissible in court. of mandate commanding the Cali­ This issue was not resolved since fornia Fish and Game Commission or other non-essential reasons. The motive of one's actions and the conse­ Cruelty Conviction two of the defendants pleaded not to issue the permits necessary quence of pursuing an activity quite clearly must be considered in assessing in Tennessee guilty, but the case resulted in some in order for these elk to be imported the ethical appropriateness of using animals for whatever purpose. And very thorough briefing of this ques­ into California. while few, if any of us, are free from some degree of complicity in animal tion by the humane society lawyers In January, 1979, a walking which might be of interest to some suffering, we need not feel intimidated by those who wish to excuse their horse trainer in Overton County, of our constituents with potentially own guilt by pointing to ours. Tennessee, was convicted of cruelty the same problem. Fake Dog Catcher There are, I accept, legitimate uses of animals in a society where people to animals, based largely on the in­ vestigation and resultant court tes­ Spotted and animals are very much interdependent. There are also many uses to timony ofHSUS investigator, Marc Grand Canyon Burros which animals are put that are in no way defensible on ethical or moral Paulhus. A number of horses in the There have been reports in Vir­ grounds. Therefore, not only do we have a right to make such judgments, trainer's care were found to be suf­ Threatened Again ginia of a man posing as a dog we have a responsibility to do so, not only for ourselves as individuals, fering from serious neglect, mal­ catcher who is believed to have been In January, 1979, the National responsible for the disappearance of but for the betterment of the society that serves both people and animals nutrition and lack of veterinary alike. care during Mr. Paulhus' investi­ Park Service issued a management a number of large dogs in the past gation in May, 1978. Warrants plan and draft environmental state­ few months. The imposter appar­ Those who object to the eating of meat were issued against the trainer for ment directed at severely reducing ently wears a uniform and drives have a right to challenge my decision and failure to provide adequate food and the feral burros in Grand Canyon an official-looking truck. The tech­ action when it is their conviction that eat­ water, and for cruelty to animals. National Park. In February, 1977, nique has been for him to approach dog owners, demand to see their dog ing meat is wrong. But when one uses The court sentenced the trainer to HSUS successfully sued the Park such a challenge as a cover for his own 30 days in the county jail and fined Service to stop its first campaign to license, and then "confiscate" the him $500.00. exterminate the burros and force dog from the rattled and confused activities or imagines it disqualifies me the government to more carefully owner. from seeking the further prevention of Legal Issue Raised evaluate the problem. (See HSUS The HSUS General Counsel cruelty and suffering to animals, he is News Spring, 1977.) This new man­ would like to make it clear that if surely to be pitied, for either he is intel­ in Cruelty Case agement plan is the product of that your dog is properly leashed and in two-year evaluation. your custody, no one has the right lectually ignorant or morally undernour­ Another recent significant cru­ The plan proposes shooting most to "confiscate" it, even the legiti­ ished. elty prosecution in Tennessee re­ of the 300 burros in the park and mate authorities, except in some sulted in two of four defendants confining the remainder to a fenced­ rare instance-for example, the found guilty, where the evidence off area. The Park Service claims suspicion of rabies. They may well produced by the Humane Society in that the program is necessary be­ give you a citation or ticket for fail­ John A. Hoyt Oak Ridge spelled out clear neglect cause of the damage the burros ing to have your dog properly li­ and cruelty involving a large num­ have allegedly wreaked upon the censed, but a demand or request to ber of dogs and cats. The prosecu­ park habitat and archeological do anything more than that should tion was made more difficult by a sites. immediately raise your suspicions. pres~~ 32 The Humane Society News • Spring 1979 ~------pe e~ Racing and Drugs PageB As more states allow the use of pain­ killing drugs on racehorses, more injuries and breakdowns are occurring on the track.

The Golden Zoo DEPARTMENTS Pagel HSUS Investigator Bernard Weller Around the Regions ...... 2 and Director of Wildlife Protection Sue Pressman close down a decrepit How To ...... 2 roadside zoo. Books ...... 2 Federal Report ...... 3 Beauty and the Beasts Law Notes ...... ·· ...... 3 President's Perspective ...... 3 Page4 !SAP's Dr. Andrew Rowan tells how our cosmetics are bought at the price of animal suffering.

Living Humanely Page 16 Consumers can help end animal cruelty by refusing to spend money on products or pastimes that involve . animal suffering...... ~-.. Predator Control Page20 The U.S. government is still spending millions of dollars to kill coyotes for the benefit of private ranchers. Cover photograph by Frantz Dantzler

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