JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021

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POSSIBILITIES WITH 35 BATTERY TECHNOLOGY

INSIDE THIS ISSUE: 16 26 41 Uncovering Working A comparison the truth towards between about inrush achieve net solar currents zero carbon energy and emissions geothermal during 2021 energy FRONT COVER STORY:

Possibilities with battery technology

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ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 3 NEWS THE BUSINESS ENERGY More energy is required to keep a room at a constant EFFICIENCY PROJECT (BEEP) temperature than to re-heat it after it has cooled. EEP supports, County Durham and saving over 2000 tons of Heat naturally moves to cooler spaces. If the heat input is high, based, small to medium businesses carbon emissions, contributing B(SMEs) to identify opportunities towards the county’s carbon the warmth is constantly dissipating, even in well insulated rooms. in making financial savings through reduction targets. energy efficient measures and helping The BEEP team is passionate efficiency, by way of behavourial change reduce their carbon footprint. about supporting SMEs, and this year, or upgrading to more energy efficient Energy loss is slower when a room’s temperature drops. The longer a room equipment.. It also provides a grant Funded by the European Reginal having encountered the coronavirus remains cooler, the more energy is saved when compared with the energy Development Fund and Durham County pandemic (Covid19) and the challenges fund for qualifying SMEs helping toward Council, the Business Energy Efficiency it brought for many businesses, we purchasing recommended equipment. lost by maintaining a constant higher temperature. Project launched in 2016. It was due understand that it is more important The support also extends to to end in September 2019 however than ever now to support in identifying additional advice around funding through its success and growth during financial savings that can be made through opportunities, behavioural measures that time it relaunched in October 2019 energy efficiency and businesses are and can help a business build their own and will run to September 2022. not paying more than they should. environmental/energy efficiency policy. So, why heat a room that no one is in? So far, the project has supported The project offers a fully funded and For more information visit 350 – (and growing) County Durham tailored energy audit helping identify areas www.beep.uk.net call 03000 265547 or email [email protected]. SMEs, become more energy efficient that a business can improve their energy Our controls are always striving to minimise the use of heat. The 3-stage profile keeps students comfortable while they are in their rooms but, ensures energy isn’t wasted when rooms are empty New initiative, EnergyTag, allows energy users – making potential savings of 30-40%*. to verify the source of their energy every hour EnergyTag, an initiative led by some of the world’s largest players in renewable energy, will help bring greater transparency for energy consumers and accelerate the shift to clean energy.

n independent, non-profit initiative, Ørsted, PwC, RECS International, WattTime, certificates (707 TWh) were issued in will enable energy consumers to Wind Energy Europe and many others. Europe last year involving 26 European Atrack the source of their energy EnergyTag’s Council and Advisory countries. This success demonstrates and understand their carbon emissions Board are working together to define what can be achieved when the industry in a totally new way. EnergyTag, which a set of guidelines that will form the identifies a need, builds a solution itself and brings together over 60 of some of basis of a market for energy certificates then gets legislative support and regulatory the biggest names in tech and energy, with a timestamp of 1 hour or less. In approval once established. Current is developing an industry standard to parallel, the initiative will stimulate the renewable energy procurement methods deliver hourly certificates that show first voluntary markets for the certificates match average supply and demand over consumers exactly where their energy by coordinating a series of demonstrator a 12-month period, but to reach the level is coming from, and understand their projects around the world showcasing of renewables required to meet new carbon emissions in real time. real-time energy tracking technologies. climate targets, there has to be some way EnergyTag brings together leading Dr Toby Ferenczi, EnergyTag’s to track the time of generation, which is players including Accenture, Microsoft, founder commented: “It’s a cruel irony why EnergyTag is the critical next step.” Google, Association of Issuing Bodies, that the more successful we are at Google is one example of a corporate CertiQ, EIT InnoEnergy, ECOHZ, Elering, deploying renewable energy the harder clean energy buyer that has set itself an Eneco, Energinet, Energy Web Foundation, it gets to integrate that energy into the ambitious goal for 24/7 energy tracking. ENGIE, Eurelectric, FlexiDAO, Iberdrola, grid. Adopting hour-by-hour energy “Google intends to run on carbon- I-REC Standard, M-RETS, OVO Energy, certificates build’s consumer trust by free energy everywhere, at all times by ecostat2 Irus - Centrally controlled linking production directly to 2030,” says Michael Terrell, Director of Programmed locally via the internet portal consumption, supports the growth Operations at Google and head of its of energy storage, and enables 24/7 carbon-free energy programme. accurate carbon accounting. “EnergyTag will be an important tool for Our goal is to establish a helping Google and many others source common, tradable instrument carbon-free energy for their operations, that provides traceability across at an hourly level. We are excited to be markets for power, flexibility part of the EnergyTag initiative and look and carbon. Speeding up the forward to supporting the development switch to renewables is vital of this important standard.” if we are going to keep within EnergyTag works with and within the 1.5-degree climate goal.” existing electricity certification schemes Phil Moody, who will chair the (such as GOs and RECs) as a voluntary EnergyTag council and advisory ‘add-on’ and will not replace these board said: “707 million electricity schemes. www.energytag.org prefectcontrols.com • 01787 320604 4 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 The ETL symbol is a UK registered certification mark of the Department of Energy and Climate Change - Authorised User: 02371 * Savings are dependant on building, current control methods and settings used. NEWS JOINT EFFORT TO UNLOCK EV CHARGING FOR ALL

ive local authorities are joining forces wider network of public chargers, so country to meet its target to reduce with the UK’s biggest electricity that all communities can achieve the carbon emissions to Net Zero by 2050. Optimising energy costs Fnetwork operator in a bid to end charging infrastructure they need. Transport remains the biggest cause of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging blackspots. UK Power Networks will collaborate pollution in the UK, accounting for 28% Charge Collective, a pilot project being with Cambridge City and Cambridgeshire of all greenhouse gas emissions. The launched by UK Power Networks, will see County Councils, Norwich City Council, pace of EV uptake is accelerating, with sustainably with BiU it partner with local councils in Cambridge, Norfolk County Council and the London 3.6 million EVs forecasted to connect to Norwich and London to help ensure Borough of Redbridge. They will work UK Power Networks’ system by 2030. nobody is left behind in the EV revolution. together to identify areas that have Charge Collective will help assess The aim is to ensure that everyone yet to install enough electric vehicle how much of a discount to connect has the confidence to switch to EVs, chargers and would benefit from to the electricity network is required, regardless of where they live or what improved air quality. These areas to encourage charge point installers parking space they have. By sharing are likely to be in towns, with denser to invest in areas where the market data and expertise, the local authorities populations and less off-street parking. is struggling to deliver today. It will will help UK Power Networks to identify The innovative scheme will also develop be a model that could be scaled up Decarbonise your energy charge point blackspots. The network a framework to measure the wider across the country if successful. operator will then hold a competition to environmental and social benefits of better Local authorities in London, the East and incentivise investors to bid at the lowest air quality and reduced emissions that South East of England that would like to Optimise energy costs cost to deliver the priority charge points. come with more people driving EVs. In find out more about the project can email Taking such a co-ordinated approach November last year the UK Government [email protected] Ensure compliance aims to make it more financially viable unveiled its Ten Point Plan for a Green for charge point operators to create a Industrial Revolution and enable the Recover lost revenue

NEW FUNDING FRAMEWORK ANNOUNCED Support renewable energy projects FOR HEAT NETWORKS TO FACILITATE TRASITION TO NET ZERO BY HELPING PUBLIC BODIES ACCESS PRIVATE CAPITAL Heat delivered by heat networks will require are seeking high class infrastructure assets with good quality counterparties a ten-fold increase in volume if the sector and predictable long-term revenues is to fulfil its potential in contributing to underpinned by strong environmental, the UK’s net zero commitment by 2050 social and governance (ESG) principles. Find out how BiU’s public sector energy solution can help make a Prior to BHIVE’s launch, Development of this scale expansion of a new or existing network difference to operational costs as well as decarbonise your organisation. or facilitating the sale of part, or all, of an investors and investees cannot be afforded purely had come together too investment in a mature heat network. Call Visit Email from public funding infrequently and only and up to £22bn of The role of private capital on an ad-hoc basis. 01253 789 816  www.biu.com/publicsector  [email protected] private capital will be in unlocking the potential of heat networks Funding Providers can apply to join needed to if this target BHIVE at any time by expressing their is to be achieved To meet the UK’s legally binding interest in funding heat networks; commitment to net zero by 2050 in the The Department for Business, Energy demonstrating their access to funds most cost-effective manner, heat networks and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) with and their capability to deliver the will need to provide 17-24% of the UK’s Triple Point Heat Networks Investment associated services to execute funding. heat (currently just 2%). Achieving this Management – their delivery partner for Finance options available will include objective requires the development of a the £320m Heat Network Investment equity finance and asset finance. self-sustaining market with a sufficient Project (HNIP) – has announced a HNIP was launched in 2019 to volume of strategic, low carbon heat new Dynamic Purchasing System kick-start the market and has to date networks which are economically attractive (DPS) for heat networks today. awarded £125 million to successful without direct Government subsidy. The BEIS Heat Investment Vehicle schemes across England and Wales. Development at this scale cannot (BHIVE) will allow Public Bodies, including BHIVE will further support the work be afforded by public funds alone. The NHS Bodies and Local Authorities, to that has already been achieved by HNIP Institute for Public Policy Research has access funds and funding-related services in ensuring a sustainable market which estimated that up to £22 billion of private Working with NHS, local for heat network projects from a portfolio is not only economically attractive to investment capital needs to be levered of potential funders. BHIVE is open to investors but supports job creation and authorities, housing groups, in if the sector is to fulfil its potential. all Public Bodies looking to finance a environmental benefits. At the same time, institutional investors national government, education heat network including, financing the www.tp-heatnetworks.org/bhive and institutions since 1997 Optimising energy costs sustainably 6 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 NEWS OPINION HOSPITAL TRUST WINS NATIONAL AWARD FOR WORK TO REDUCE ITS CARBON FOOTPRINT CAN MORE BE DONE WITH United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust has won the Estates and Facilities Innovation Award THE UK GOVERNMENT’S at this year’s Health Business Awards. 10-POINT GREEN nited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS partnership for a further 15, in which Trust has won the Estates and we will continuously support the Trust RECOVERY PLAN? UFacilities Innovation Award at to reach their Net Zero goals. this year’s Health Business Awards. Associate Director of Strategic Business This award highlights the amazing work Planning, Claire Hall, said: “This award Dr Graham Ault, executive director at Smarter Grid Solutions the Trust’s Facilities Team has been doing means a great deal to the team, over to reduce its carbon footprint and at the a number of years we have worked to ike many who work in the clean energy system to operate flexibly and and managed a lot more like the same time make financial savings which can develop projects with Veolia to invest energy sector, last month we cope with daily and seasonal variations. Internet. This concept is already being instead be used for patient care. The Trust in our energy infrastructure to improve eagerly awaited the release of There are lots of tools that can facilitate referred to by industry leaders as has joined forces with Veolia to manage our sustainability and resilience. the UK Government’s 10-point that from flexibility markets, customer the ‘Internet of Energy’, meaning to improvements to its energy infrastructure “The Trust received a grant from the plan that would set the scene participation, attractive tariffs and automate the generation, consumption over the next 15 years. In the first year National Energy Efficiency Fund for £2.6 Lfor our green recovery. And, while we digital-based smart-customer and and management of energy to reduce of this contract the Trust has installed million enabling the replacement of around welcome the roadmap towards achieving smart-grid devices and systems, but waste and to solve delivery problems LED lighting in its hospitals at Lincoln, 12,000 light fittings with modern LED net zero for markets including wind the deployment of these needs to rapidly. This can be seen in action Boston and Grantham, and installed a new fittings with smart technology that mean and EVs, we believe more can be done be vastly accelerated to support an for some parts of the current system combined heat and power unit at Lincoln. lights turn off after a period of inactivity colleagues, as well as being better for the to create a fully smart, clean energy ambitious clean energy transition. including the scalability, interconnectivity These energy upgrades are expected saving energy and money for the Trust.” environment and enabling us to use the system in the coming decade. More and the democratisation of energy. to generate financial savings of £1.4 Chief Operating Officer, Simon Evans savings we have made for patient care.” details are expected in the Energy White CHARGING FORWARD Once this has been fully million per year and will cut annual said: “I am so proud of the team and this This year’s awards were held virtually Paper released December 2020. WITH EVS implemented, changes to any part of carbon emissions by 7,712 tonnes. award goes some way to recognising due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The plan set out by the Government the system would be automatically Veolia have worked with the Trust all of the hard work they have put in to The second-largest talking point www.ulh.nhs.uk/news/ outlines investment in renewables and integrated into the whole system for 15 years and this extends that improve our environments for patients and from the plan is the target to phase innovation, with a particular focus on out sales of new petrol and diesel to make sure it all works together, wind power and EVs. It also looks at cars and vans by 2030, accelerating serving customers and the country the integral role hydrogen will play in the transition to electric vehicles and with clean solutions, efficiently. Tackling Switch2 Energy releases guidance to the renewables mix and what will be investing in grants to help buy cars and these different strands of the energy needed to successfully capture carbon develop charge point infrastructure. transition together will make the updated Heat Network Regulations emissions in order to reach national This is excellent news for air quality, customer experience seamless with all carbon reduction targets. While these do the climate and the job market. From the intricate challenges hidden in the Updated legislation for heat networks came into force on 27 provide a good stepping stone towards an energy system perspective, this is background, just like the Internet. November 2020. The revisions aim to drive best practice in smart a cleaner energy system, we must look also the ideal opportunity to deliver the While this sounds complex, there are at how these individual parts connect level of flexibility that is much needed. many benefits of making these system metering & billing and improve network performance. into a single large, more flexible system For example, when EVs are charged changes. Mainly, that the characteristics that will evolve with fast moving supply they can play into a bigger integrated of each of the new technologies and eat network operators and projects to install final customer meters.” with the changes, the Department for and demand changes and challenges. energy system but also use home solar system needs can be managed to deliver stakeholders have been eagerly The assessment of financial and Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy power or local clean energy resources clean, economic, resilient, customer- awaiting updates to the Heat technical feasibility of the heat scheme (BEIS) and Office for Product Safety INCREASING H closer to the point of production. Further focused outcomes. Many of the required Network (Metering and Billing) Regulations, must be completed by 27 November and Standards (OPSS) will delay the INVESTMENT INTO integration of EVs into markets with technologies already exist but the particularly legislation surrounding the 2021 and any required corrective action requirement to submit the re-notification RENEWABLES better grid solutions and customer work of connecting all the individual requirement to install final customer completed by 1 September 2022. In template during a ‘transition period’ parts of the plan together into a single One of the biggest targets set out in propositions, as well as more investment meters on existing unmetered networks. addition, heat suppliers are permitted (from 27 November 2020 to 1 September system that works for everyone is a the plan is to produce enough offshore into the charging infrastructure Heat network specialist Switch2 to submit additional information to 2022). This will apply to any operators significant challenge and needs to be wind to power every home in the UK, is needed to advance digital EV Energy has updated its eGuide to the improve assessment accuracy. who should be subject to the four-yearly tackled with a joined-up approach. quadrupling capacity to 40 gigawatts charging solutions to be part of that Heat Network Regulations to explain the New building classes will be introduced re-notification deadline during this time. Finally, it is vital that we create by 2030, and supporting up to 60,000 overarching clean, smart, flexible grid. latest changes. The publication provides (viable, open and exempt), with a Ian Allan added: “It is vital that compelling propositions for customers jobs. This marks a significant boost advice on the steps heat suppliers stipulation that the cost-effectiveness heat suppliers understand the new through flexible solutions targeted at to the sector and builds momentum THE FUTURE OF THE must take to achieve compliance. assessment must be completed for all requirements of the Heat Network much better options and outcomes. This for a fully zero carbon grid. ENERGY SYSTEM “The most significant update is the buildings that fall into the ‘open’ class. Regulations and are fully compliant. trickles down from a decentralised and However, renewables by nature are IN THE UK availability of the long-awaited cost- Individual meters must always be installed This will ensure that they avoid civil and decarbonised energy system to enable intermittent - the wind does not always effectiveness/feasibility tool“, explained Ian in viable class buildings and a small number criminal penalties, but will also help to Although these targets are a great new aspects of smart metering, flexibility blow, nor the sun always shine. It is Allan, Head of Market Strategy for Switch2. of properties will be classed as exempt. raise network efficiency, reduce emissions building block for a green energy markets, commercial arrangements and promising to see targets set out which “This viability tool enables operators of Revisions to the heat network and improve customer service.” system, a big part of the picture was still control over customer devices. When we will see the electricity grid increasingly unmetered networks to assess whether notification template have also been OPSS has published the latest Heat missing within the Government’s plan. have all of these components in place, powered by large-scale renewable or not they are required to retrofit final announced, including a process to help Network Regulations documentation, The clean energy system of the net zero will be firmly within our sights. sources, but this needs to be taken one customer meters or heat cost allocators operators determine whether their which is available to download at www. future should be connected, developed www.smartergridsolutions.com step further and fully integrate into the into individual homes. It is already network meets the criteria of newly- gov.uk/guidance/heat-networks. mandatory for new build heat network created metering and billing exemptions. www.switch2.co.uk projects and most major refurbishment To give heat suppliers time to comply

8 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 9 OPINION OPINION

toward reducing emissions. Alongside of operation and maintenance often quite simple steps that will TURNING WHITE the Biomass boilers back up gas-fired manuals for each component of ensure your equipment is being boilers were installed. The schools were a system, but lacking an overall used efficiently and effectively to ELEPHANTS GREEN! worried about running out of pellets or documentation on how the whole maximise cost and carbon savings: the biomass boilers breaking down and system should operate efficiently. 1. Carry out an equipment health not knowing how they worked so they 5. Poor data analysis: Installation check and/or energy audit George Richards, never used them and used the backup of good metering and monitoring 2. Appoint an appropriate gas-fired boilers instead. I have also seen equipment is an essential first step organisation to carry out system/ Director, solar thermal installations not connected to consistent and comprehensive equipment optimisation JRP Solutions. and rainwater harvesting projects energy management to ensure 3. Implement appropriate training abandoned because they needed regular maximum efficiency. Having 4. Consider implementing a Do you have a white maintenance which had not been costed installed the equipment however, behaviour change programme or scheduled so were turned off. In sometimes there is insufficient 5. Engage professionals to elephant hiding out another school a solar thermal project ability to analyse and interpret what ascertain viability of bringing in your organisation? was installed as part of a bigger project the data means and opportunities the asset into service to build a new sports Hall. No one on the to make savings are lost. 6. Locate operating instructions Or maybe even design team had any relevant experience. 6. Excessive ‘Value Engineering’: I and retrain/up skill staff or use It was supplied by the manufacturer but have seen key elements of a project external trainers if needed a whole herd of fitted on site by the build team. It was omitted or simplified to save costs, 7. Set correct operating parameters or white elephants? incorrectly installed and never worked.” including omission of meters or confirm existing ones still match the All this equipment represents sensors not deemed essential for operational needs of the building have discovered that, sometimes with a substantial investment and an efficient operation and simplifying 8. Determine and set aside the best intentions and some very good incredible waste of money, resources an installation to such an extent a maintenance/service projected results, energy efficiency projects and potential energy and emissions that a system will be incapable budget for the future or equipment are commissioned and savings. So, when most organisations of efficient operation. This can 9. Install permanent or temporary installed and then either never turned are watching the pennies and happen particularly on these last metering of consumption/generation Ion OR turned on and then not operated striving to reduce greenhouse gas parts of a project if other elements of technology and analyse to gain in the way in which they were intended. emissions, how can this happen? have been over-spent. In such insight to inform business case or Up and down the land, I have seen per year which represented about 35% of energy required to heat the water These are some of the cases commissioning may have monthly/annual reports on kWh/ expensive technologies sitting idle and not of the school’s energy bill each year.” up in the actual boiler to the desired reasons that we have seen: been deemed to be successful carbon reduction or efficiency. fulfilling their potential once commissioned “One that springs to mind is a temperature. The downside is they get 1. Transfer or lack of responsibility: if, for example the required We should all be focussed on doing and installed. I asked around our consultants water company that had a medium dirty very easily and pretty much every Often cutting edge equipment space or process temperatures everything we possibly can to work if they had had any similar experiences. sized hydro turbine installed at a retrofit economiser project I have ever has been included by building have been achieved, but at the towards a Net Zero economy. We Sadly the answer was a very loud yes! reservoir, only for it to be mothballed seen is either not working efficiently or designers in order to gain a high expense of excessive heating/ cannot afford to miss opportunities to Here are just a few examples from and left in a state of disrepair shortly not at all as a result of fouling and either BREEAM rating for a new build, cooling conflict and energy waste save energy and reduce greenhouse gas our consultants where they have seen after and never really getting it going lack of knowledge or willingness to keep but once the building has been upstream in the delivery system. emissions. In some cases there may examples of these ‘white elephants’: again because it was ‘too difficult’.” it clean! We even saw one in a brewery constructed, there is no proper 7. Culture: If the culture of the be some costs involved in appointing “We rarely see a BMS that is operating “To save costs, one global where they couldn’t prove any benefits handover so it falls to a building organisation is not aligned with specialists to help you maximise your optimally – we recently carried out a organisation had heat recovery systems as they forgot to install any metering.” manager who doesn’t understand energy and carbon saving objectives, investment and make the energy BMS optimisation exercise for a red- installed cheaply in a configuration “One global manufacturing client the technology and doesn’t know it is unlikely that individuals will be savings predicted but the cost of not 1 brick university where substantial that is impossible to operate. The had a major lighting project installation how to use and maintain it, so motivated to either be aware of or doing anything will be far greater. energy and costs savings were made by same client had a heat recovery which was predicted to make significant it’s never used. Additionally, address the technological challenges. If you have any questions or rectifying some problems including: exchanger replaced with straight savings. When we checked the data, the technology is provided by a 8. Mistake: Rarely is the purchase would like to discuss any of the • Thermal wheel heat recovery pipe without client being aware.” we could see that the savings achieved third party such as landlord but of new equipment a complete above, please call JRP Solutions on systems not working “Installing a retrofit economiser were greatly below forecast following occupants prefer not to use. mistake, but it does happen. A 0800 6127 567 or email George. • Faulty or inaccurate temperature sensors is a great way to save energy - they the initial installation because the 2. Personnel change: I have thorough business case and options [email protected]. • Lack of dew-point temperature basically take the heat from within contractor hadn’t adjusted the controls.” seen efficient buildings become appraisal by a qualified person sensor resulting in dehumidification a boiler chimney, and put it into the “In some schools where I worked, inefficient because the only will ensure this doesn’t happen. water going into the boiler (the feed new biomass boilers were installed person who understood the Here are some sensible and when not required 1 Cost of inaction analysis • Heating and cooling systems fighting water, which is normally at general tap by the local authority to emphasise Building Management System each other because of poor temperature) to minimise the amount the council’s green commitment and and made it look easy has left tuning of control loops credentials, as well as being part of a plan and the powers that be have • Heating and cooling assumed that because the building control valves passing is efficient, a much less qualified when in closed position.” person can be left to manage it. “This picture is of a boiler 3. Lack of training and skills fade: plant in a school that was never Often after initial equipment connected to the BMS outstation training, operators fall into when installed. So the BMS said bad habits and efficiency is all the heating was off, but I lost. Sufficient initial training could see gas consumption going and regular refresher training is through the AMR meter so after essential to maintain efficiency. some lengthy investigations the 4. Limited documentation: The Operations Manager found this. benefits of training can be lost if This had been going on for about there is limited documentation. 3-4 years at a cost of about £10k This may be limited to a folder 10 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 11 MONITORING & METERING

Improving Energy Management on Traveller Sites

Case Study West Sussex County Council Control, monitor and manage energy better than ever.

West Sussex County Council has 10 traveller sites with The majority of residents stay for years at a time and 113 pitches across the county, ranging in capacity from take great pride in their homes and gardens. Many three to 23 caravans. Each site provides hard standing caravans have little or no insulation, so travellers are areas for caravans next to brick-built utility blocks often heavy users of electricity as a result of heating containing a toilet, shower, electricity points and meters their homes, as well as for power washing machines, for water and electricity. tumble driers and so on. West Sussex County Council’s traveller sites have a A reliable and accurately metered electricity supply very low turnover rate of approximately five per cent, so is therefore a vital part of the service that the council there is often a waiting list for would-be tenants. provides.

❝ Working with Energy Controls, we KEY FACTS have introduced a new cashless prepayment system at our traveller System benefits Products and services sites, which is more convenient for ● ● residents and gives them greater Accurate meter readings Prepayment SMART meter privacy than before. ● Prepayment of energy ● Online payments with FREE App Since the introduction of PayPoint it ● Rapid remote tariff updates ● Full service, from supply has made the process even easier. ● Remote disconnection The service is safe and secure, and and installation to income rates have increased to maintenance cover actual consumption costs ● 24/7 access to web portal accurately. Residents feel they have more control over their electricity usage and staff time has been freed up, enabling them to work more with the residents. ❞

Esther Quarm, Gypsy and Traveller Team Manager West Sussex County Council

0345 230 4535 [email protected] ENERGY CONTROLS www.econtrols.co.uk Metering, Measuring and Managing Resources

12 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 13 MONITORING & METERING Power & Energy HOW TO ACCURATELY Logger MEASURE THE ENERGY PEL 103 PERFORMANCE OF A BUILDING Bridge the energy gap between today and tomorrow. Chris Ricketts Increase energy eiciency and reduce your costs. – Business Manager for Our future energy needs are changing and businesses need Elmhurst Energy to improve their energy e„iciency. You can reduce required Consultancy power generation, save money and increase productivity.

n the largest study ever undertaken, properties Gain a competitive advantage now with the PEL 103. were shown to thermally underperform by a shocking average of 60%. I The performance gap between predicted and actual performance is well known and brings into question how buildings are monitored and measured. This is currently done by carrying out assessments which use assumed values - and therein lies the problem: ‘assumed’. Underperforming properties lead to higher carbon emissions and fuel bills for tenants – even pushing some into fuel its Energy Performance Certificate This involved measuring the poverty, which currently affects around and make an educated decision performance of a smart air brick made 10% of households in England. The key to a on the next actionable steps. by technology provider AirEx in over Put simply, we need to get serious 100 properties. The results showed that about measuring the performance reduced carbon MEASURING Airex reduces whole house heat loss of the UK’s housing stock. RETROFIT WORK by 12% - 16% and ground floor heat footprint & improved WHAT CAN BE DONE? “What gets measured gets managed” loss by 20% - 23% which is a fantastic and this is especially true for retrofit work. outcome for Airex and the ECO3 scheme. energy eiciency. Over the past few years Elmhurst What’s the starting point? What’s the Energy Consultancy has been working THE FUTURE improvement? And which measures are with Build Test Solutions to develop the most cost effective? All are important The UK’s 29 million homes a low cost, non-invasive and scalable Measure and monitor power usage. questions in helping government, housing account for around 14% of greenhouse way to accurately measure the associations, landlords and homeowners gas emissions so there’s no doubt the thermal performance and overall Identify ine„iciencies and out of hours use. determine the right solution for them. future is retrofit. But we should be able energy rating of a building: Measured to accurately monitor its impact, Energy Performance (MEP). Discover power factor, phase balance and RECENT SUCCESS otherwise it won’t be measured and it MEP allows you to measure the WITH ECO3 won’t be managed. energy performance of a building To find out more about Measured harmonic issues. while it’s in use, using data gained Elmhurst was recently involved in Energy Performance please visit: from temperature sensors, energy the UK’s first Demonstration Action www.elmhurstenergyconsultancy. meters and weather readings. under the ECO3 scheme, where energy co.uk/Measured-Energy-Performance The result is an in-depth report that suppliers are encouraged to deliver Contact us to learn more or email: allows you to compare the measured 10% of their obligation through the [email protected] performance of your building against installation of innovative measures. CHAUVIN ARNOUX UK Ltd | 125 YEARS IN BUSINESS | 30 YEARS IN THE UK 1 Flagship Square | Shaw Cross Business Park | Dewsbury WF12 7TH | T: 01924 460494 | E: [email protected]

14 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 MONITORING & METERING MONITORING & METERING

and also any problem loads. Once these issues have been identified, remedial UNCOVERING THE TRUTH measures can be put in place. These are outside the scope of this article, but could, for example, include installing ABOUT INRUSH CURRENTS a soft starter or a variable speed drive to control a motor rather than using a Lights are flickering, protection devices are tripping for no conventional electromagnetic starter, or upgrading protection devices so that apparent reason and IT equipment is randomly malfunctioning. they are no longer prone to tripping What’s going on? There can be many reasons for problems by the inrush currents, but still provide a satisfactory protection function. like these, but one that’s surprisingly common yet often When the appropriate remedial actions have been taken, the final step overlooked is inrush currents. What exactly are inrush is to confirm that all is now well by currents, why do they cause problems, and how can they be repeating the inrush measurements. In fact, it is advisable to routinely repeat measured? Julian Grant of Chauvin Arnoux has the answers. the measurements, along with other key power quality measurements, hen we think about it adequately protects the at regular intervals to ensure that loads – motors, lights, installation but doesn’t trip the performance of the installation IT equipment and so when a motor starts or a is always optimised, and to provide on – connected to an transformer is energised. warnings of any developing problems. electrical installation, The second category of As we have seen, determining the Wour primary concern is often with the problem involves voltage true value of inrush current in your current that the load draws from the dips. If you draw current installation is straightforward – providing Figure 1: The TrueInrush® measuring procedure installation. “That motor will draw about from an electrical installation, that you use the right instrument. 30 A”, “Those lights will take about 2 the voltage supplied to the Should you need further advice on the A”, and so on. But these are steady- loads connected to that indication that an inrush event has inrush current for the period. Figure 1 details of the procedure, however, or state currents and, important as they installation will inevitably occurred, the instrument starts making gives an overview of this procedure. guidance on interpreting the results, are, they don’t tell the whole story. fall. This is thanks to Ohm’s measurements every millisecond, and The accurate and realistic inrush however, the expert engineers at That’s because many types of load law, the impedance of the this continues for a total time of 100 ms. data provided by these new instruments Chauvin Arnoux are always happy to don’t draw their steady-state current cables and other factors At the end of this time, the results are puts you in a position to easily identify help. www.chauvin-arnoux.co.uk from the moment they’re switched on. like the impedance of processed digitally to calculate the true any problem areas of your installation, Before they settle into the steady-state the transformer feeding condition, they draw a much larger the installation. It stands current for a relatively short period to reason, therefore, of time. This is the inrush current. that if you draw a large For example, when a motor inrush current, the most cases, it isn’t a true representation is energised using an ordinary voltage drop will be higher than in of what happens in real life, where a electromagnetic starter, it can draw an steady-state operating conditions. load that produces an inrush current inrush current that’s up to 10 times its This sudden reduction in supply is most likely to be connected to normal running current. And, particularly voltage may just make the lights flicker, an installation that’s already live. The Public Sector Sustainability if the motor is heavily loaded, it can which is annoying but not necessarily To address this limitation, Chauvin take several seconds for the current disruptive, or it may adversely affect Arnoux is now offering instruments Association (PSSA) provides a to settle back to the steady-state the operation of computers and other with a True InRush® function. As easy value. Transformers draw even higher electronic equipment, which is likely and convenient to use as ordinary professional association and network inrush currents at switch on – up to 25 to be much more problematic. clampmeters, these instruments can times their normal rated current. Even There are two key takeaways from measure the initial inrush current for all those working in the Public switch-mode power supplies, which this discussion: inrush currents are when a specific load is connected to these days are used in everything from everywhere, and they can be a source the installation, whether or not the Sector who have a common interest in computers to LED lighting systems, of trouble. What’s to be done? Well, installation was already powered, sustainability. The aim of the association often draw surprisingly large inrush the first step, as always, is to gather and can also measure subsequent currents. In other words, loads that reliable and accurate data about what’s inrush events caused by connecting is to bring together a wide group of draw inrush currents are everywhere! really going on, and that means making further loads to the installation. Why does this matter? Problems measurements of the inrush currents To deliver this functionality the people working across all areas of resulting from inrush currents can be in your installation. But before you instruments use a novel measurement divided into two categories. The first do this, there’s something you need algorithm. First, this captures the the Public Sector – to educate, train, involves circuit protection equipment, know: most instruments that claim to steady-state current for the installation, such as circuit breakers and fuses. The offer inrush measuring capabilities which it filters to remove anticipated www.pssa.info support and connect as we work purpose of these is to trip (or blow) don’t provide the full picture. normal variations, producing an RMS if they are subjected to a higher than The problem with these instruments reference current. Then it carries out towards a more sustainable future. normal current. Unfortunately, an is that they can only measure inrush half-period monitoring, calculating the inrush current is a higher than normal from a ‘standing start’ – in other words, equivalent RMS current for every half current, so it can often be difficult to in a system that is initially powered off. cycle of the supply. If this exceeds a select protection equipment such that This can be very inconvenient, and in user-defined threshold, which is an 16 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 17 NEWSVENTILATION Classroom mechanical ventilation with MECHANICAL VENTILATION heat recovery saves £120 per year… CAN CUT CARBON EMISSIONS IN SCHOOLS BY UP TO 40% Heat recovery ventilation can eradicate Jonathon Hunter the issue of recirculation. MVHR units are Hill, Sector Manager equipped with a pair of fans, filters, and a heat exchanger. To maintain a good level of for Education, indoor air quality, the entire volume of air in the room must be changed 4 to 6 times SAV Systems. every hour. In doing so, harmful pollutants found outside are also removed, whilst he average UK primary school extracting potentially dangerous pollutants is said to consume almost from inside. By extracting the room air and 120 kWh per m2 per year. The recovering up to 90% of the energy contained Carbon Trust estimates that within, both energy consumption and indoor over 50% of that energy use air quality will be dramatically improved. Tis by heating. By targeting space heating To quantify the benefits of MVHR over consumption in schools, we could see a natural ventilation or openable windows, substantial reduction in carbon emissions. a classroom typically requires about 3 kW In ventilating classrooms air must be Breakdown of Energy Use in the Average School of space heating to maintain the room extracted from the room and replaced with temperature. Some of this may come from fresh air. In the UK, ventilation has largely As the name suggests, the driving principle internal gains of occupants. To maintain been managed by two factors: the building of heat recovery is that heat is recovered good indoor air quality, this air will have fabric and openable windows. Considering from the air. The process is simple; stale air to be extracted from the classroom 4 to the building fabric, many buildings in the containing heat is extracted from a room. This 6 times every hour as previously stated. past were built with a poor air tightness. As air is passed through a heat exchanger, where When using natural ventilation or openable such, regular exchange of air was possible it transfers its heat into fresh air from outside. windows, the 3 kW of energy in the room through gaps in the fabric. Newer buildings, This fresh air is therefore warmed up before is able to flow out. As such, 3 kW of space however, are required to meet a certain level entering the room with the energy from heating would be required to return to the of air tightness which prevents this natural the room with an efficiency of about 90%. base level of heating. With MVHR, up to exchange of air through the fabric. The result Consequently, up to 90% of the space heating 90% of this energy is recovered, which is is a poor level of background ventilation. from the room is recovered and won’t need approximately 2.7 kW. To again achieve the Traditionally, to increase or decrease to be made up from other sources. This type 3 kW base level of heating, an input only 0.3 the ventilation rate in a building, one of equipment takes the form of mechanical kW would be required. The result of using opened or closed the windows. However, ventilation with heat recovery or MVHR. MVHR, therefore, is a much lower energy bill. there is one major issue with both this, BB101 actually alludes to the difference Much of Europe has been on board with and ventilation through the building fabric: in energy consumption between MVHR using MVHR for some time now. Indeed, in heat loss. Consequently, space heating and and natural ventilation commenting that, all Scandinavian schools it is compulsory to ventilation are intrinsically interlinked. “systems with low initial capital costs may use MVHR. These countries typically set a Finding a balance between efficient room have unaffordable running costs.” (BB101 minimum heat recovery rate of 70-80% and heating and proper ventilation is a delicate pg. 62, Life cycle and maintenance), often have limits on specific fan power, which are process. BB101: Guidelines on ventilation, in the form of supplementary heating. improved year-on-year. Demand controlled thermal comfort and indoor air quality in An alternative method of retaining heat in ventilation is required in a number of schools stipulates that daily average CO a room is recirculation of air. Whilst this has …in heating bills when compared 2 European countries to prevent unnecessary levels in mechanically ventilated classrooms a relatively lower energy cost, it creates one use of energy when rooms are not occupied. should not exceed 1,000 ppm. To achieve major issue particularly relevant to today’s We are fortunate in the UK to be able to to traditional ventilation. this the air must be changed multiple climate: recirculated air is contaminated air. benefit from the leaps in technology that times per hour. This air must be supplied Therefore, by recirculating air in a room you these countries have been required by at close to room temperature to avoid are increasing the risk of transmission of law to make. For us SAV Systems that is An aluminium heat exchanger recovers up to 92% draughts. When the external temperature airborne diseases such as the SARS-CoV-2 exemplified in AirMaster Smart Mechanical is lower than the room temperature, virus. Furthermore, BB101 requires that the of the heat from the warm air in the room, Ventilation. https://www.sav-systems.com/ the incoming air must be warmed up, daily average carbon dioxide requiring a source of heat energy. and avoids classroom air recirculation. (CO2) level in a classroom must Each classroom has a base heating be below 1,000 ppm. CO2 levels load needed to maintain a certain room above 1,000 ppm have been temperature. Classroom occupants proven to have a dramatic effect negate some of the load due to their on one’s ability to perform own heat output, typically at 70 W per numerous cognitive tasks. person. This presents a challenge: how Therefore, maintaining a low can we ventilate classrooms without losing Visit www.sav-systems.com/smart room-CO2 level is paramount heat? The solution is heat recovery. in the learning environment. or call: +44 (0)1483 771910

18 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 NEWSVENTILATION ENERGY MANAGEMENT AIRMASTER THE BALANCE OF POWER MVHR CHOSEN here appears to be confusion on the UK Government’s position for phasing out fossil FOR FLAGSHIP fuel fired boilers. The Clean Growth Strategy launched in T2017 proposes to stop the installation of EDINBURGH oil or coal heating systems from the mid 2020s where gas isn’t available, and to Improve standards on the 1.2 million new SCHOOL boilers installed every year in England. THE QUEENSFERRY CONNECTION can recover up to 92% of the heat from the exhaust air. The Philip Hammond, then Chancellor, aluminium heat exchangers improve the unit’s energy efficiency announced in his spring statement of Nestled on the shore of the Firth of Forth sits as well as allow the incoming air to be tempered for draught- that year, “We will introduce a Future Queensferry Community High School (QCHS), free and even distribution across the classroom. AirMaster is Homes Standard, mandating the end run by the City of Edinburgh Council. committed to using the most efficient heat exchangers for each of fossil-fuel heating systems in all new The Firth of Forth is the site of the new and highly application to ensure best minimum energy consumption. houses from 2025.” He may have been sophisticated Queensferry Crossing, a road bridge designed quoting the Committee for Climate to replace the existing Forth Road Bridge. Built in 2017, Change which recommended that the crossing carries the M90 motorway and provides a new homes and commercial premises strategic road link between Edinburgh and the cities of from 2025 should not be connected Dundee and Aberdeen in the North and East of Scotland. to the gas network and that by 2035 installation of gas boilers be phased out. FRESH APPROACH TO BB101 COMPLIANCE However, there is no reference to supply to run a fully electrical heating It is unlikely that all electrical system could prove inhibitive. equipment i.e. heaters, cookers, lights etc. The Scottish climate provides school designers with a challenge: a fossil fuel ban, in the Government’s The benefits of new technologies will be in use simultaneously. However, to provide good indoor air quality whilst maintaining thermal own summary of the Spring Statement. and cleaner, greener energy make Irus steps in if demand rises unusually. comfort and good acoustic design. As such, BB101 (Guidelines Instead, there is a commitment to, controllable electric heating systems Irus is able to use line metering data to on ventilation, thermal comfort and indoor air quality in schools) “future-proofing new-build homes with more attractive than on/off wet calculate the total demand for the site. needed to be applied. Concerned about the risk of draught, low carbon heating and world leading systems. But the additional electrical Nodes connected to each panel heater the mechanical consultant Ramboll, undertook a computation levels of energy efficiency”. At the load this will place on supply must be and water tank communicate with the fluid dynamics (CFD) study. The CFD found that a mechanical time of writing, mid-December 2020, a consideration that is taken seriously central control unit. Energy Managers ventilation with heat recovery was the only solution able to a further news release announced before a refit is given the green light. access data through the web-based meet all criteria, whilst managing low external temperatures. a ‘mix up’ when 2023 as a pledge Estimating the maximum demand for portal and they can adjust parameters Results of the CFD in hand, Ramboll, Glasgow selected 1 The use of aluminium heat exchangers with a pair of internal to ban gas boilers from new homes electricity in a building is an important accordingly. This provides complete x AM 300, 3 x AM 500 and 38 x AM 800 units for the project. fans and filters provide sophisticated control to filter and from Boris Johnson was withdrawn calculation from both an operational and control over room temperatures and AirMasters can supply tempered fresh air from outside at separate fresh air from contaminated air. With a policy of non- from the Downing Street website. an energy efficiency perspective. This is water-heating. Irus will automatically external temperatures below minus 5°C, having been designed recirculation of air, it’s business as usual for QCHS’s ventilation Whatever the timescales, it can be a particular issue if a building is being re- lower power input to non-essential for Nordic climates, with supply temperatures of 17°C plus, systems where COVID protection measures are concerned. assumed that any such heating policy purposed or major renovations are afoot. heaters, such as those in corridors or without causing draughts. By supplying fresh air only to these will also be applied to commercial Heat loss calculations will indicate stairwells and water tanks - or switch classrooms, without recirculation of stale air, the goal of INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING buildings such as the UK student the size of heaters required for each them off completely, if the pre-set maintaining a CO level of less than 1,000 ppm can easily be met. accommodation estate which currently 2 As this project is a pilot installation for decentralized comprises over 660,000 rooms. zone, but what if this adds up to a maximum demand limit is being reached. MVHR in Edinburgh, Airlinq Online was chosen as a method The largest single source of carbon greater draw, than the building’s This technology means sites that of remote monitoring. The ethernet modules would allow emissions, responsible for more than electricity supply can manage? previously were unsuitable for electric stakeholders to monitor how each unit is operating within one-third of the total, is space heating. A second consideration is heating can now benefit from the each classroom. The information provided by Airlinq Online Although student accommodation is only procurement. Organisations that are big efficiencies of appropriately sized panel can give insights about temperature control and indoor air a relatively small number, compared with consumers of electricity will negotiate heaters without the need for huge quality. It can also help to identify if a unit needs maintenance 29 million homes, owners and providers their tariff directly with their energy investment in a power supply upgrade. or a filter change. The AirMasters at QCHS join the 50,000 should begin planning the transformation provider. Estimating their usage is a Data can be collected and stored units that are in operation throughout Europe, helping of their old stock by switching from balancing act! – if they estimate too much within the system, from which reports to create the best teaching environment possible. fossil-fuelled boilers towards low-carbon they will be paying for unused capacity, can be run to provide clear indicators Queensferry has a proud tradition of paving the way for heating sources. This will help with too little and they face penalties for going of demand patterns. Procurement the future of Scottish engineering. First with the ground- decarbonisation and, as importantly, over the agreed limits – in much the teams can use this intelligence to breaking innovation of the iconic Forth bridge and continuing maximise their effective use of energy. same way one predicts annual mileage make informed decisions and more to innovate with the use of MVHR at QCHS. This tradition puts One of the hurdles that such when negotiating the monthly payments accurate projections of real energy the Edinburgh school in prime position to lead the way for other upgrades will face is electricity supply. on a new car. Metering will provide use when it comes to negotiating Temperature distribution through classroom schools to help Scotland achieve Net Zero emissions by 2045. Accommodation that was built in the the total consumption of power but, it tariffs with energy providers. is blunt instrument when it comes to Once again this proves that A FAIR EXCHANGE The AirMasters chosen for QCHS use 70s and 80s with a reliance on fossil fuels for heating will have an electricity calculating the ebb and flow of demand. smart use of energy control provides The harsh winters and highly insulated classrooms of aluminium heat exchangers, which can recover supply that, at the time, was adequate for Prefect Controls have overcome this efficiencies that are far beyond simply QCHS require a ventilation solution that can control varying up to 92% of the heat from the exhaust air. powering the lights, kitchen equipment conundrum with software they have using less, but by balancing the demand temperature and run as efficiently as possible. The AirMasters and power sockets. But roll on 30-40 developed and integrated with Irus – their to ensure supply is used effectively. chosen for QCHS use aluminium heat exchangers, which https://www.sav-systems.com/ years, and the cost of upgrading the central control heating system designed www.prefectcontrols.com specifically for student accommodation.

20 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 21 ENERGY MANAGEMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT

WHAT DO I NEED TO DO TO GET READY? Detailed modelling of the building and its HVAC systems is fundamental to undertaking this work. This modelling work will also need to be subject to an independent design review and will need to be submitted as required. The building MUST be accurately modelled with all floors and zones represented along with any shading devices together with the surroundings of the building. So the modeller must have skills in the use of tools such as ModelIT and ApacheSim, from our Virtual Environment (VE) suite, to correctly represent the building geometry so it accurately reflects the form, along with all of the necessary inputs relating to fabric, occupancy, lighting & equipment. The HVAC system serving the building must be modelled in detail. The NABERS UK guide to Design for Performance states the following: “The HVAC plant and system input to the simulation Twin of the building to allow the testing of more operational program must be an accurate representation of intended strategies and enable the optimum solution to be arrived at, then operation. This includes the specified number, capacity implemented, helping to improve the NABERS UK rating further. and configuration of plant and equipment – including The accuracy of our advanced HVAC modelling capability, but not limited to chillers, boilers, cooling towers, pumps, combined with the data integration and analytics capabilities air handling units, fan coil units and terminal units. of iSCAN, has been proven to predict simulation results Note: Default performance curves built into the simulation close to reality on countless projects, providing a reliable package for part load and low load operation are to be replaced baseline from which to determine the actual performance of by realistic performance data for the specified equipment.” your buildings. This has been achieved, not only in the case In order to be able to meet this requirement the modeller of office buildings, but also across many other building use GETTING READY types, including schools, universities, libraries, museums, needs to make use of advanced HVAC plant simulation, which can be achieved through the use of ApacheHVAC. hospitals, financial services and government buildings. FOR NABERS UK This will enable the modeller to model all of the part load IES have all of the tools available to enable you to performance characteristics of the plant in the design. The undertake these projects and begin to move into a more Eric Roberts, modeller will also be able to simulate the control of the plant performance-based design world. Our software has with far greater accuracy than with other simplified methods, already been used by our customers on thousands of Business increasing the robustness of results. So in order to undertake NABERS certified projects in Australia and New Zealand, any NABERSUK project the modeller needs to have access such as the 5* rated Aorangi House in Wellington. Development to ApacheHVAC as well as be fully conversant in its use. Our Consulting team also have many years of combined Manager, IES The modeller will need to produce a minimum of six experience in employing NABERS in Australia and applying models to meet the DfP requirements, these are: the ‘Design for Performance’ approach on projects, making 1. The base case model, with the building them well equipped to support the NABERS UK scheme. Get in touch with IES Consulting to find out how they WHAT IS NABERS? operating as expected; 2. Four off-axis models, being four separate scenarios testing can help you on your next project. www.iesve.com NABERS – the National Australian factors that may degrade the performance of the building; Built Environment Rating System – is 3. One combined off-axis model, comprising four off- a six-star rating system that measures axis scenarios each of which individually degrades the energy use of buildings over the the building performance. (Potential but not limiting course of a year. It has been used in scenarios are given within the guidance documents.) Australia for the past two decades and is now mandatory there for all new POST COMPLETION buildings over 2000 square metres and Once the building has been completed and is in operation, buildings that are up for sale or lease. Source: NABERS UK Design for Performance Fact Sheet quarterly progress reports on energy performance must be NABERS UK was launched in www.energymanagermagazine.co.uk submitted to the scheme administrators in order to achieve late November and is a certification the certified rating at the end of the first year of operations. scheme (initially applying to UK Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) WHAT IS THE PROCESS? Whilst this is a long way off for schemes at present, commercial office space) which uses as a target and measure of building The NABERS UK scheme thought needs to be given as to the monitoring of the To receive Energy the tried and trusted methodology. energy performance. However, EPCs follows a five step Design for building and more importantly how the data gathered The methodology used in Australia are based upon predicted or designed Performance (DfP) approach. is acted upon to ensure energy performance of the Manager Magazine FREE for the last 20 years has achieved performance rather than the measured. The approach is recognised by and building is subject to continual improvement. impressive results over that time - 90% This will see a long overdue shift of complements several other leading Through the use of our iSCAN platform, real time data of charge, please visit: of buildings meeting their agreed energy focus towards energy monitoring and industry initiatives, including: the BCO from the building can be analysed and used to inform where targets, and a 33% reduction in energy management, away from our current Guide to Specification, BSRIA Soft improvements to operational strategies can be made as well usage over all buildings certified. “design for compliance” culture to Landings, GLA Be Seen Energy Monitoring as plant that is operating outside of their optimal performance energymanagermagazine. The NABERS rating scheme measures one of “design for performance”. Guidance, GRESB, London Energy envelope. The data gathered from iSCAN can easily be compared the operational performance of the The NABERS UK scheme will be Transformation Initiative, RIBA Climate to the outputs from the simulations performed in the VE and co.uk/subscribe building. This is a significant change administered by the BRE and the initial Challenge and the UK Green Building actual vs designed performance easily evaluated. The data for the UK which is more used to using assessors will be accredited in early 2021. Council Net Zero Carbon Definition. gathered can be used to calibrate the model to produce a Digital

22 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 23 ENERGY MANAGEMENT NET ZERO A WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY? NET ZERO GOALS IN THE DECARBONISING BUILDINGS AS PART OF PUBLIC SECTOR: HOW TO A GREEN ECONOMIC RECOVERY MAKE REAL PROGRESS environmentally friendly future for us all. With millions of employees currently With many of our public Successfully achieving a green working from home and many offices Scott Parlett, head of public sector at BiU sector buildings currently recovery will require a collaborative effort and buildings remaining empty, there to be taken across all sectors of society, has never been a better time to invest in its behalf. For a council, this would mean you have a detailed plan including interim empty as staff work from including the public sector, and every such upgrades, avoiding staff disruption including the emissions not just from targets. If you are to achieve net zero home, is now the time to organisation will need to play its part. while helping to make cost-savings. your offices and council-run facilities, by 2030, where will your organisation implement energy efficiency One way that organisations can The case for investing in energy but domestic emissions from council need to be by this time next year? Make tackle climate change and contribute efficiency has its benefits, however for housing, transport emissions from that a publicly stated goal to which your measures to enable and towards the national green recovery, is by many organisations, investing in upgrades staff travelling to work, and more. organisation will hold itself accountable. sustain a ‘green recovery’? investing in energy efficiency technologies may not seem like a viable option right It’s often difficult to work out which If you don’t achieve your early interim that will significantly reduce their energy now given the current financial climate. emissions to include in your audit, targets, you have time to get back on Here, Liam Gillard, consumption and carbon footprint. Despite the pandemic, funding options are so many public sector organisations course before your ultimate deadline. Programme Manager at Doing so will enable them to support currently available to help invest in such bring in specialists to help with It’s not just about using less the emerging green sectors, supporting technologies. These include interest-free this initial mapping exercise. It’s likely that most of your emissions Salix Finance, a Government- growth and further boosting the economy. loans from Salix, which organisations will come from buildings and funded organisation which As well as helping to improve pay back over several years from the MAKE DATA-DRIVEN transport, and the first steps many buildings and the environmental savings they have made on energy bills. DECISIONS public sector organisations take works to improve energy landscape, investing in energy Since 2004, Salix has invested £971 You might already have an idea involve reducing use and bringing in efficiency projects has significant million in energy efficiency projects energy efficiency measures. At the efficiency and reduce carbon ast year may have been of where your organisation can cut financial benefits for the organisations across public sector organisations in same time, organisations should be dominated by a pandemic and carbon, but the results of your mapping emissions across the public involved, something that is particularly the UK, resulting in estimated savings looking to change the source of their the subsequent recession, but it exercise could surprise you. (The more beneficial right now, as businesses of over £203m and 867,000 tonnes of energy by considering the most viable sector, explores the need to was also the year that the NHS it surprises you, the more opportunities look for ways to make cost savings in carbon a year2. Funding is available for renewable/low carbon options. tackle climate change amid in England made history with it represents!) As you start planning such an uncertain economic climate. both large-scale and small-scale projects Your organisation may already have its commitment to become the world’s your organisation’s route to net zero, Reduced energy consumption results and covers over 100 technologies, L a culture of sustainable procurement, the ongoing pandemic, and first net zero carbon health system. It you will want to prioritise changes that in lower energy bills, and financial savings including LED lighting, building energy in which case you just need to apply explains why we should make was also the year when the number of represent the best value first. Make can be made on maintenance due to the management systems and renewables. this to your energy use and do your local authorities to declare a climate sure that your decisions are based the most of vacant buildings longer lifespans and improved reliability Upgrading old, inefficient lighting to research. Many organisations switch emergency reached 300: nearly three- on the data you’ve gathered, rather of new technologies. Making such modern LED alternatives can be a good to a 100% renewable tariff, and there’s by investing in energy quarters of all councils in the UK. than organisational preconceptions. savings allows organisations to invest start for many organisations looking to nothing wrong with that, but your But this sense of urgency hasn’t improvements that will help money in other important resources implement energy saving measures as money will work harder if you choose yet translated into action. A recent USE OTHER METRICS as well as become more resilient. it’s one of the most effective ways to a supplier that actually invests in new rebuild the country in a more poll of UK councillors found that many Large businesses don’t just record Simple measures, such as lighting reduce consumption. Similarly, adding renewables. You might be able to go lack confidence, both in their council’s their greenhouse gas emissions; they environmentally friendly way. upgrades and adding insulation or heating motion sensors, to ensure lighting is even further and invest in renewable chances of achieving its targets and in use an “intensity ratio” to put them controls, can achieve substantial energy only used when required, can help to projects directly via a corporate power hile the pandemic understandably their own decision-making. How can in context. That might measure how and financial savings. Organisations further maximise savings. Renewables purchase agreement, or CPPA (a contract continues to be at the forefront public sector organisations overcome emissions relate to yearly profits, or it can save thousands of pounds a such as solar panels and heat pumps under which an organisation buys of everyone’s minds, it is vital that their hesitation and make progress might be more creative: a pub chain year through such investments. can also be viable options to help electricity directly from a renewable tackling climate change remains towards decarbonisation in 2021? might record tonnes of carbon per An example of this is Wrexham businesses future proof their buildings. energy generator, e.g. a solar farm). a top priority for businesses thousand pints poured, or a supermarket County Borough Council, who worked in When it comes to tackling energy Two NHS Trusts we work with are and organisations across the country. MEASURE FIRST might measure kilogrammes of carbon W partnership with Freedom Leisure and efficiency, it’s important to take a holistic currently sourcing 100% of their power The UK has already committed to achieving net- per employee. Public sector organisations Salix to invest over £115,000, upgrading approach – this can be done by looking at Setting an emissions reduction demand from localised renewables zero emissions by 2050, and recently announced have many ways of measuring success the lighting in its sports areas to more the scope of work and investing in multiple target without knowing what your projects, and are also looking into ambitious new targets to reduce emissions by in what they do, so harness yours as an energy efficient LEDs. The project allowed improvements at the same time rather current emissions are is like trying to the CPPA route to help get nascent 68%, compared to 1990 levels, by 20301 – goals intensity ratio. That might be the number the council to save an estimated £17,662 a than focusing on one technology type. map out a journey without a starting renewables projects off the ground. that can only be achieved if we act now. year as well as deliver on decarbonisation, Doing this can vastly increase financial point. The first step is to measure your of pupils in a school, the number of The UK is also set to host one of the reducing its carbon emissions by and carbon savings as well as improve organisation’s energy use so that you swimming sessions at a leisure centre GET SPECIALIST HELP largest international climate change summits approximately 36.92 tonnes per annum. the building environment for its users. have a baseline to measure future or whatever is meaningful to you. This If you’ve set an ambitious target and - the UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) Emma Williams, Senior Energy As the world works to recover from progress against. This means carrying will give you a framework for assessing you don’t have the in-house expertise to – for the first time in November 2021 so it Efficiency Officer for Wrexham Council, the pandemic, and with the ongoing out an extensive audit to map out all the how potential emissions-cutting changes draw up a detailed and realistic plan, it’s is important that we lead by example. said: “It’s great news that new LED lights threat of climate change, supporting emissions sources for your organisation. will affect the services you deliver. time to bring in the experts. BiU works As part of an economic recovery from the have been installed across our leisure green industries has never been more with many public sector organisations pandemic, climate-led investments will play a key facilities; the users of the facilities have important. On an individual level, investing COVER ALL AREAS CHART YOUR COURSE role in helping to rebuild the nation and its economy every year to help them achieve their already noticed a great improvement. in energy efficiency projects can help It’s important that you include AND KEEP CHECKING IN post-COVID-19. A ‘green economic recovery’ will emissions reduction goals. We’d be We hope the substantial investment organisations to become more resilient, all the emissions generated by your The smaller and more short-term encourage innovation within green industries, delighted to put together a tailored to improve the dual-use sport centres while also contributing to a greener future organisation’s activities. The most a target is, the more likely we are to stimulating job creation while helping to shape a more strategy that works for your organisation. will continue to improve the energy for us all. www.salixfinance.co.uk robust audits include so-called Scope 3 achieve it. Setting the ambitious goal of www.biu.com [email protected] 1 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-sets-ambitious- efficiency of our buildings and support emissions, those not directly generated net zero for a distant date will not set new-climate-target-ahead-of-un-summit our work in delivering decarbonisation.” 2 https://www.salixfinance.co.uk/about-us by your organisation but generated on your organisation up for success unless 24 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 25 NET ZERO NET ZERO

model. The larger the company and net zero plan will be funded. For many do their research to find the right the more complex its operations, companies, unfortunately, it’s not as solutions for them, enabling them the more investment will likely be simple as dipping into the cash reserve, to achieve their net zero goals on- required. However, not being left and it’s highly likely that some of the time, and in an affordable manner. behind in the energy landscape is activities or projects undertaken on the a crucial part of securing the long- path to net zero will provide little-to-no GOING FROM term future of an organisation. financial return, particularly when looking TALKING THE TALK TO at decarbonising the supply chain, WALKING THE WALK HOW BUSINESSES which can often eat into profit margins. Once a net zero strategy and CAN MOVE TOWARDS On the other hand, some projects can funding plan are in place, businesses provide an attractive ROI and save MEETING NET ZERO must stick to it. This will often be you a lot of money in the long run, WORKING TOWARDS CARBON TARGETS a long, phased approach entailing such as energy consumption reducing A survey conducted by facility various significant changes to the projects like voltage optimisation. management firm Mitie of, with business’s operations along the way. ACHIEVE NET ZERO CARBON The easiest way to fund a net zero representatives from over 500 Additionally, for a full net zero strategy is through a phased approach, businesses across multiple sectors, strategy to be successful, stakeholder and this could include many different found that the first challenge comes long and employee buy-in is required to EMISSIONS DURING 2021 funding options for the differing projects before this stage; planning the strategy. ensure new processes are followed and that make up the strategy as a whole. For The main reason for this, according championed throughout the business. or many businesses in the of renewables and achieving net zero While this can be a daunting example, a switch to renewable energy to the findings, is a lack of ‘in-house This could mean a complete shift in the UK and throughout the carbon. Members of the UN Climate task for UK businesses who may be could simply involve purchasing energy expertise’ and resources leading to company’s culture and will take some entire world, reducing carbon Change Conference (COP26) aim to take lacking immediate resources, the from a 100% renewable energy provider. overly-ambitious targets (some aiming time, but without it, achieving net zero emissions with the intention drastic action, and, fortunately, many same opportunity exists for them Or, if your business has the space for as early as 2025), and an inability to will be considerably more difficult. to reach net zero carbon UK Governmental bodies and private to move closer to meeting net zero available, you may consider purchasing plan an achievable route to net zero. If your business, like many others, Fremains one of their top priorities. organisations are also getting on board. carbon emission targets that can your own on-site generation through Considering the aforementioned is concerned with being overwhelmed Climate change still remains a real The UK Government has set its achieve savings on overheads. solar PV and wind turbines with capital ‘lack of expertise’, the first step to by the task of reaching net zero, and formidable threat to the whole net zero target for 2050, alongside expenditure, with an acceptable payback developing a strategy to net zero is Powerstar can help your business plan planet, and scientists have warned planning to ban the sale of new petrol BUSINESS CHALLENGES period from the reduced costs of energy education. By educating staff, gathering its journey. If lack of expertise is holding that significant changes are required and diesel vehicles by 2030 to steer FOR ACHIEVING NET ultimately paying for the project. the appropriate resources, and seeking your plans back, our energy industry to avoid catastrophic, environmental one of the biggest contributors to ZERO CARBON Alternatively, your business events. These events could have the UKs carbon emissions towards expert advice, businesses can create experts and R&D focused culture When thinking about the challenges could reap the benefits of various effects that could drastically change more sustainable sources. the foundations on which to build means expert consultants can provide that businesses face on their journey funding solutions, such as revenue the landscape of several industries in Now, in the current context of the their carbon targets and objectives, precious assistance in the planning of to net zero, most likely the financial sharing agreements or power the UK and throughout the world. COVID-19 global pandemic, the UK enabling them to set specific, time- a long-term strategy to reduce carbon implications will be at the top of the purchase agreements (PPAs) to Such circumstances are driving Government has ambitions to seize the bound, and achievable objectives emissions and achieve substantially. list. A comprehensive and long-term reduce or eliminate upfront capital global enterprises like PepsiCo and opportunity and launch a new green to confidently work towards. https://powerstar.com/ plan to net zero emissions will be cost on applicable projects. Microsoft are making strides towards recovery plan to accelerate efforts in Once these objectives are defined complex, and often require significant With so many funding options greater sustainability, increased use the fight against climate change. the business must consider how its capital investment or a robust funding available, it’s important that businesses

26 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 27 NET ZERO EMS/BMS CUTTING THE CARBON USING YOUR BMS TO JARGON AROUND NET ZERO CREATE WELLBEING – GOING Dan Crowe, Decarbonisation Scheme, applications for reduction journey step-by-step, from setting this scheme are now closed and further meaningful targets to reviewing their progress. BEYOND ENERGY EFFICIENCY Optimisation support is needed. The public sector Like all reduction programmes, the first Manager, also needs clear guidance to understand step for any organisation is to get to grips with Martin Craig of Siemens what is expected of them and what their emissions, and the GHG Protocol Scopes Inspired Energy strategies they can pursue to achieve it. 1, 2 and 3 are the ideal method for doing so. By Building Products UK Currently, the absence of clear guidance collecting data and re-porting on their Scope 1, et zero has become a hot topic from the Government is leading organisations 2 and 3 emissions, organisations can build an raditionally the focus on their career and since the UK’s 2050 emissions to define their own paths and methods of accurate baseline to measure their progress the promotion of Building are what generally target was enshrined into law in measuring their progress. Lots of councils against, which should enable them to identify Managements Systems (BMS) speaking makes a 2019 - but as the Government are setting ambitious targets – recently, 38 which areas they should prioritise in their net has been how they can deliver workforce more begins to set out its plans city and council leaders pledged to eliminate zero strategy. Unlike private sector businesses, energy efficient buildings. This productive. Nto reach its ambitious milestones, the carbon emissions from their local authorities most public sector organisations are not is still important as buildings account for A BMS can be growing amount of jargon in the net zero T by 2030, and to neutralise greenhouse required to comply with schemes like the 41% of the world’s energy usage. A BMS used to that brings conversation could be preventing many gases from their local communities by 2045. Energy and Carbon Reporting Scheme (ESOS), that is installed to the Class A guidelines in exactly the organisations from making much-needed But just 6% of energy professionals said so measuring their emissions under a universal of the BS EN15232 standard can deliver amount of fresh progress towards their own goals. that they measure their progress using standard like the GHG Protocol could make it up to 30% energy savings compared to air that is needed For many public sector organisations, frameworks like the Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions easier for these organisations to benchmark one which meets Class C of the standard. to make sure reaching net zero emissions by 2050 against knowing when to open the window. We framework – the majority use internal their progress against other organisations. But there are so many more occupants stay a backdrop of squeezed budgets and are increasingly getting used to what is consumption monitoring or KPIs instead. Once they have a good understanding of benefits that a well-designed, installed, productive by measuring CO levels and pressing short term priorities may seem like 2 called “quantified life”: We measure our While it’s encouraging that the public their existing carbon footprint, organisations and commissioned BMS such as delivering demand-controlled ventilation. an ambitious target - so the Government’s heart rate, record the number of steps sector is striving to play its part in helping the should have the information they need to set the Desigo system from Siemens Companies who know how to drive new commitment to reducing emissions taken during the day and want to know UK to reach its decarbonisation goals, the an ambitious yet achievable net zero target. Building Products can provide. productivity get the most out of their by 68% by 2030 will have many wondering the likelihood that it is going to rain today. confusion around measurement risks leaving Almost two thirds of energy professionals A slightly scary statistic is that even people’s talent, produce fewer failures how they will be able to contribute to this Similarly, a BMS can be used for some organisations behind. While some told us that they were concerned that their before the current situation we spent and bring better products and services goal. Because the government is yet to monitoring and quantifying remotely are forging ahead with their own strategies emissions reduction targets could be seen as around 90% of our time indoors to the market, which in turn drives publish a clear net zero roadmap, which not only the SBS indicators of VOC and setting goals, other organisations could ‘greenwashing’, which is likely due to the jargon This has led to a growing awareness revenue and profits. Staff are the most many organisations are eagerly awaiting and humidity, but also temperature find themselves on a steeper or costlier and wide variety of different measurement that the quality of the air we breathe valuable asset of any organisation. in order to move forwards with their and CO levels, by using one single journey to net zero because of the delay measurements used by different organisations. has a significant impact on our Relative humidity is another key 2 carbon reduction plans with confidence. wall mounted multi-sensor device. that this lack of clarity has caused. That’s why we recommend that organisations health, wellbeing and productivity. factor to monitor and control. Keeping And government policy isn’t the only Studies suggest that next-generation It’s therefore vital that the Government set Science-Based Targets (SBTs) to This is especially relevant as and the rH levels between 40-60% can area where organisations are lacking clarity HVAC control systems will incorporate provides public sector organisations with a demonstrate their commitment to emissions when people do start coming out of reduce the spread of viruses that around net zero. A whole new vocabulary has measuring capabilities for pollution factors clear roadmap to net zero, underpinned by reduction, specifying how much and how lockdown and returning to work. cause colds and flu by up to 70%. sprung up around the topic, as organisations such as fine dust, and a fine dust sensor a consistent framework within which they quickly they plan to reduce their emissions. Commercial buildings are becoming There is an understanding that try to communicate their targets, strategies in either a room or duct mounting version can develop, measure and progress their Every organisation will start from a clean in order to maintain the health of buildings can give you a headache and/ and achievements without clear guidance or is now available from Siemens with either emissions reductions. One of the contributors different baseline and set different carbon the people who live, work and play in or irritation of eyes and throat in what a reference document to work from. When DC0-10V or Modbus communication. This to Inspired Energy’s Cutting the Carbon Jargon reduction goals, and that means that each them. So why is healthy air so important has been called Sick Building Syndrome we spoke to over 100 energy managers from enables a trade-off between providing report, Dr Grant Wilson from the University organisation’s ideal route to net zero will and what can be done about it? (SBS). One major cause of SBS is the out businesses across the UK, this issue was fresh air (thus reducing indoor CO ) of Birmingham’s Energy Institute, agrees that also be unique. Once they have established There is science behind this: The gassing from building materials such as 2 highlighted when we asked them to define net and the introduction of pollution from “given the role that businesses must play...and their baseline and their goal, they must result of work by Usha Satish1 et al. carpets, paints or furniture. These gases zero. Most mentioned one of three key terms: outside. Smart algorithms also anticipate the timelines involved to ensure sufficient time create a clear strategy and roadmap to published in 2012 is illustrated in Figure are summarised as Volatile Organic carbon offsetting, carbon/emission elimination pollution based on weather forecast: to prepare, plan and invest in decarbonisation, ensure that they can meet that goal, detailing 1. The productivity of students was Compounds (VOC). Recent laws on or carbon/emission reduction. While these A building is ventilated in the middle clarity is essential to avoid additional confusion the carbon reduction projects and the tested for tasks that required different energy saving require well insulated and terms sound similar, they have very different of the night, when pollution is typically or delay and promote a consistent approach action required to achieve it. By regularly levels of involvement under various draught-proofed buildings to minimise meanings. Clearly, net zero is being interpreted low, or before an inversion weather across organisations. The sooner this is set monitoring their progress, and using their exposures to CO . It was found that even the need for heating and cooling. The differently by different organisations. 2 situation occurs that typically comes out, the sooner organisations can begin or data to drive decisions, organisations can for simple tasks, such as listening and resulting air tightness of buildings, It’s therefore unsurprising that 86% of with high fine dust concentration. continue their efforts towards decarbonisation move towards their goals with confidence. absorbing information, the performance however, also keeps the VOC gasses energy professionals believe that ‘net zero’; is The air that we breathe has a with the knowledge that they are basing of the students increased by a significant inside, creating SBS among occupants. in danger of becoming a meaningless term. significant impact on our health and this on a set of consistent definitions.” TAKING ACTION TODAY factor of 1.5 when the air quality was Humid air as well can indirectly contribute But it’s not just the term that’s in danger – productivity. Since we spend most of our improved. For tasks requiring higher to SBS by promoting the growth of unless the public sector is given a consistent It’s clear that greater clarity, simplified time in buildings it is of great importance PROGRESS CAN BE levels of involvements, such as taking fungi and mould. Besides devaluing the approach to defining, planning and measuring terminology and universal frameworks for to make sure indoor air is clean and MADE NOW initiative, the measured performance building value, exposure to mould spores their net zero progress, the UK’s ability to meet measurement are all needed in order to healthy and controlled properly. Sufficient increased by a sheer factor of 10. Keep represents a hazardous health risk. its decarbonisation targets is also under threat. Organisations cannot afford to wait – help public sector organisations to play ventilation helps to keep people productive in mind that these high-value tasks are Symptoms range from allergic they must strive to cut through the ‘carbon their part in helping the UK to achieve its and avoid unhealthy conditions. The BMS what make people stand out and advance reactions to poisoning by mycotoxins. CLARITY MUST COME jargon’ and take action now to reduce their net zero target. But while we wait for robust is key to ensuring you create perfect places Today already, every second school FROM THE TOP emissions. At Inspired Energy, we know and widely-accepted standards around net 1 Usha Satish et al., Is CO2 an Indoor Pollutant? for your health and productivity so make child is experiencing sensitisation that organisations benefit from taking a zero, organisations must still take action to Direct Effects of Low-to-Moderate CO2 While some public sector organisations will sure you get the maximum benefits from structured approach to net zero, so our reduce their carbon footprints using the Concentrations on Human Decision-Making to one or more allergens. have secured funding for heat decarbonisation it. https://new.siemens.com/uk/en/ Carbon Action Programme is designed to tools that are available to them today. www. Performance. Environ Health Perspect; The number one measure to prevent and energy efficiency measures through products/buildingtechnologies.html take organisations through their carbon inspiredenergy.co.uk/carbonjargon DOI:10.1289/ehp.1104789, 2012, http:// SBS is proper ventilation. In cases where the Government’s £1billion Public Sector dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104789 HVAC is not fully automated, it is all about 28 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 29 Water Industry News WATER MANAGEMENT We’re bringing you news and information from around the UK’s water retail market and beyond.

YORKSHIRE WATER YORKSHIRE BUSINESSES INVESTING £1 MILLION URGED TO SIGN UP TO IN HAWES TO PROTECT WATER SAVING PROMISE WATER SUPPLIES Read This Article Read This Article

Switch business water supplier WATER COMPANIES As a business in England, you no longer need to suffer in silence if you believe you could enjoy a better service with a different water supplier. SWITCH BUSINESS ‘ROUTINELY’ By switching, you’re also able to consolidate some or all of your water supply WATER SUPPLIER Up until April 2017, across multiple sites and companies had to make do with regions,which can what they were given but since DISCHARGING SEWAGE the English retail water make running your operations a lot more market was deregulated*, You could even you’ve had the freedom to choose efficient. your own, reaping all sorts of reduce your water bills by INFOGRAPHIC positive benefits as a result. between 5 percent and 10 percent in England and INTO UK WATERS up to around 18 percent in But because the market is so new and because Scotland, so there are many benefits to be had from you’re unlikely to have looking into moving to a considered switching business different water supplier**. water suppliers before, it can be quite confusing and even In order to be eligible to switch, overwhelming, with no idea where to you need to have at least begin the process. one site operating in either England or Scotland, The first step you need to take is but there are so many retailers to working out your water usage, approach that it can be hard to find what you’re looking for. Read This Article looking at your bills to find out just Read This Article how much water you use and how much you pay for it. , we

Make a note of your annual water usage, your current Here at Switch Water Supplier can help provide you with the knowledge payment method, your bills and charges information, and your service supply point identification number (SPID). and experience of a team of experts in the field of non-household water consultancy, combined with access to our water procurement platform – Once you have all this information, you can then take a look at your current deal to see if a first for the industry and a service your supplier is meeting the needs of you won’t find elsewhere.

your business. You’re able to switch your water supply and/or BRAVEwastewater BLUE removal, WORLD: but don’t forget that you can talk to your current supplier to see if they can improve the contract If you’d like to find out more about how we you’re already on before you switch. can help, get in touch with us today. We’ll be able to get the ball rolling for you and There are all sorts of benefits associated with find you your new water supplier today. HOW DO YOU switching, but the main reason you may likely SwitchWaterSupplier.com NETFLIX’Sdecide to moveRESPONSE supplier is realising cost savings through better tariffs with a different water retailer. CHANGE BUSINESS TO THE WATERYou may also find that you enjoy better Share:CRISIS service levels, including improved customer services, more accurate billing and more timely responses to enquiries. *https://www.ofwat.gov.uk/regulated-companies/markets/business-retail-market/ HOW HMRC IS EMBRACING WATER SUPPLIER? **https://www.switchwatersupplier.com/switch-water-supplier/ Read This Article SUSTAINABILITY Read This Article We all know by now how important it is to gradual shift in behaviour, the impact DISCOVERY OF HOW TO of covid-19 has had an immediate and ANCIENT MAYA WATER start living and working more sustainably huge impact on the way we have all IMPROVE YOUR worked and travelled since March. FILTER SYSTEM! BUSINESS’S WATER in order to help protect the planet and “With only a few days of early lockdown MANAGEMENT falling into this reporting period, the impact ensure that the world’s natural resources from covid-19 won’t be reflected in these Read This Article aren’t put under too much pressure – so figures, and we’ll need to wait until next Read This Article year’s report to see the true extent of the it’s always heartening to hear stories of big changes brought about by the pandemic.” If you’re inspired by how green HMRC INCREASES IN SCOTTISH businesses making strides in this regard. £4,000 WATER BILL is becoming to take similar strides in this WATER INVESTMENT MRC has just published its metres per FTE to 6.7 cubic metres, achieved regard, you’ll be pleased to hear that there’s FOR SHOP – DESPITE Sustainability Report for through a reduction in estate size, prompt a lot you can do as a business to start being BEING CLOSED TO SUPPORT 2019/2020, revealing that that water leak repairs and the introduction of more sustainable… and given the pressures NET ZERO GOALS it has been a top performer water efficiency measures, such as replacing that our water resources are now facing, this DURING LOCKDOWN! when measured against the old plants with more efficient equipment. could well be an excellent place to begin. Read This Article HGreening Government Commitments – and Water consumption also dropped from To make an immediate impact, why Read This Article it has also just committed to becoming 540,000 cubic metres between 2018/2019 not prioritise water leak detection and net zero carbon by 2040, one of the to 524,000 cubic metres in 2019/2020. repairs? You may well have leaks on your government’s most ambitious goals. Director of communications and site that you don’t know about and this HOW GRITTING COMPANY AA SALT SEWAGE WATER Where water is concerned, the sustainability champion Poli Stuart-Lacey could be wasting huge amounts of water, INTENDS TO GO CARBON NEUTRAL organisation has successfully achieved observed in the foreword to the report that as well as costing you money in elevated LEAKS INTO its efficiency target of below 37m /full the organisation’s sustainability work goes bills and even potentially damaging SOUTHMOOR Read This Article time equivalent (FTE), with a 46 per cent beyond its environmental targets and it your site through water damage. NATURE RESERVE reduction representing a saving of over 437 has also been engaging with communities, If you’d like to find out more, get in million litres of water – which is enough building closer ties to ensure that its services touch with the team here at H2O Building Read This Article to fill 175 Olympic-size swimming pools. reach those who need them the most. Services today to see how we can boost Between 2009 and 2020, water efficiency She added: “While these are your green credentials in the new year. improvements were made from 13.17 cubic really positive changes which signal a https://www.h2obuildingservices.co.uk/ 30 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021

If you’d like to find out more about this, get in touch with the SwitchWaterSupplier.com team today. Share: ENERGY SUPPLY/STORAGE ENERGY SUPPLY/STORAGE

times, it can also be managed periods of time, with ‘Day Ahead’ revealed that, despite the pandemic, remotely. For us, while working notice given by National Grid. But businesses are still planning to MANAGING ENERGY IN TIMES from home during the lockdown, some large consumers were also invest in a variety of measures to the capabilities of our energy asked to ramp up consumption achieve their carbon reduction monitoring systems – and ability during periods of high supply. targets, including on-site generation. UNCERTAIN – HOW TO PLAN to remotely monitor and control While the outturn of events was As well as managing market building services via our Building lower than National Grid forecast variables and reducing emissions, Management Systems – have paid when it first launched the product, it also increases resilience as it IN AN UNPREDICTABLE CLIMATE dividends in terms of effective it has identified a definite enduring means a business is less reliant energy management oversight. need for ‘negative reserve’ or on the grid. That said, businesses 4. Keep an eye on future demand a ‘footroom service’ in future need to make sure that any plans to result - in a change in demand for significant sums of money. side response opportunities summers, when the need for for on-site generation are scoped energy. The first lockdown in March National Grid bases its Transmission National Grid’s Optional Downward downward flexibility is at its greatest appropriately, so they can assess and April hit demand hard - figures Network Use of System (TNUoS) Flexibility Management (ODFM) due to high wind and solar output. where the payback and benefits are. from National Grid showed that charges on consumption during service came to an end on Sunday While it is evident that the service demand for power fell by as much these three half hours of peak 25 October. The balancing initiative was not without its flaws and OPPORTUNITIES IN as 20%, dropping sharply in March demand, which are only calculated – which paid generators to reduce required significant manual UNCERTAINTY and reaching its lowest around the after the end of the winter season. output or large consumers to handling of despatch events Easter weekend (11/12 April). With charges as high as £59,2671 The next six months will undoubtedly increase consumption to avoid the and data, we expect that these While demand slowly started for every megawatt consumed bring challenges. However, within system being overwhelmed when issues will be addressed in future to creep up to pre-Covid levels during a Triad period, any reduction this uncertainty, we believe that there supply exceeded demand – was product design as part of National as restrictions were eased, the can result in significant savings. are opportunities. With planning introduced as a temporary solution Grid’s Reserve reform activities. stricter restrictions introduced Load shifting or switching to on-site and a focus on sustainability, energy in May 2020 to help manage the 5. Plan for a more self- during the Autumn are likely to generation are the most common managers can effectively plan their unprecedented conditions of very sufficient future have had an impact, albeit not ways to Triad manage. An expert supply, manage energy use, keep costs low national demand caused by One way to manage future risk is to as profound as in March. partner can help to automate this down and reduce carbon emissions. the Covid-19 pandemic, particularly look at on-site generation options. For any significant change in usage, process and advise on the best For expert advice from npower when output from the country’s wind There is now a great deal of choice businesses may be able to reduce way to manage your business’s Business Solutions, download the and solar generators was high. for businesses, including CHP, wind, what they thought they were going energy use during suspected Triad Energy Management Toolkit at Delivery of ODFM required mostly solar photovoltaic (PV) or biomass. to have to buy or potentially sell back and other peak-charging periods. https://www.energy-hq.co.uk/ Michael Byrne, head renewable generators to reduce Our recent report, ‘Your Business volume that will not now be used. 3. Maintain a focus on net zero by energy-management-toolkit/ output or switch off for extended Blueprint - The road to Net Zero’, of marketing and The key thing is to not panic. For taking control of cost and carbon. insight, npower example, although the pandemic While predicting demand is had an impact on short-term challenging, energy managers Business Solutions energy prices, the long-term PPA should focus on the areas that they that looked like a good deal pre- can control. Energy efficiency has THE FUTURE OF STATIONARY ENERGY ithout doubt, 2020 has been Covid-19 may still be a good deal been called a ‘no regrets’ action challenging for almost every in the longer term. Over the next and can include relatively ‘quick STORAGE IS LED BY POLICY AND business. The closure of many six months, it is important to work wins’ such as switching to more industries for a prolonged with your supply partner to look efficient lighting, air conditioning RENEWABLES, REPORTS IDTECHEX period during the Spring, at the longer-term implications of and refrigeration, as well as bigger lectricity generation from renewable The report “Batteries for Stationary China, Japan, Australia, Germany, and Wa second ‘lockdown’ in November and the fluctuating energy consumption and investments such as implementing a energies is growing on a daily basis Energy Storage 2021-2031” aims others), investigating the latest policies in ongoing tightening of restrictions, will continue prices, and how to best mitigate any smart energy management system. Eand, to integrate their variable to provide the reader with a clear terms of renewable energy and energy to have a profound impact on how we do risk - or assess any opportunity.. The key to making sure you are nature, energy storage systems are picture of the current status of the storage, as well as interviewing leader business. Even those industries that have been 2. Make the most of the making the right decision on where growing in parallel. IDTechEx have development of these two branches companies in the field of energy storage, permitted to continue, such as construction (final?) Triad season to invest is by ensuring you have a investigated the evolution of the in the main countries currently to understand the market approach and manufacturing, will have seen a significant The 2020/21 Triad season started thorough understanding of your data energy storage market, forecasting its adopting battery storage systems. and the possible effect of COVID-19. change to how their premises are managed. on 1 November and, as with - how and where energy is being growth in the next ten years, in the IDTechEx’s forecasted battery The result of this analysis shows a For sectors such as retail and hospitality, the many things this year, it is difficult used, the efficiency of infrastructure new report: “Batteries for Stationary installation breakdown by application. similar but different scenario among the requirement to close with very little notice to predict when the three half and processes, and how employee Energy Storage 2021-2031”. Source: IDTechEx, “Batteries for investigated countries. The renewable makes effective planning even more difficult. hours of peak demand will fall behaviour impacts emissions. An The evolving energy storage market Stationary Energy Storage 2021-2031”. energy target, with the current status of For energy managers, the regular changes over the coming winter season. energy audit can help spot risks is separated into two branches, Front- The future adoption of green policies the grid infrastructure, in consideration to workplace rules and regulations present The ability of an expert team of and identify improvements. of-Meter (FTM) and Behind-the-Meter will drive the adoption of renewable of the different types of energy sources their own challenges - from having to quickly Triad-forecasting specialists to Using real-time data collection and (BTM). The FTM sector is related energies in both segments of the adopted by the country, defined a switch to managing the energy consumption of successfully read and predict analysis can enable energy managers to the operation of the electricity market, although other parameters specific scenario for every country. As buildings during times of low (or no) occupancy demand is going to be more to spot and correct areas of waste, infrastructure; therefore, batteries are like grid infrastructure and the energy well as the differences, a clear point has to knowing how much energy to purchase. crucial than ever this season, as by seeing if lights or equipment have employed to maintain a smooth and sources adopted by countries (e.g. been identified: the stationary storage So, what actions can energy managers take to with so much uncertainty and been left on, or if the settings on the continuous flow of electricity to the nuclear, coal, and lignite power plant) market is only in its early stages, from ensure they can manage energy demand, keep unpredictability around, we are not Building Management System are consumers. The BTM market instead will play an important role in the both technical and policy aspects. sustainability front of mind, while also ensuring expecting the usual factors to apply not optimal. The increased visibility is the customer side of the market; adoption of energy storage systems. For more information on this report, their properties are running efficiently? . in the same way as previous years. also makes it possible to assess the hence batteries are used by consumers To better understand the future please visit www.IDTechEx.com/ses or For us, there are five practical steps to Despite so much uncertainty, effectiveness of each new energy to decrease electricity costs mainly. evolution of the energy storage market, for the full portfolio of Energy Storage take in the short, medium and longer term.: the one sure thing is that efficiency measure implemented. The services provided by the IDTechEx performed an in-depth analysis research available from IDTechEx please 1. Plan for future disruptions reducing consumption during Importantly, in these current batteries are similar most of the of the main countries adopting energy visit www.IDTechEx.com/Research/ES. For many businesses, the closure or reduced potential Triad periods is time, although on a different scale. storage systems (including the U.S., activity at some sites resulted - and continues likely to save large businesses 1 HH Demand Tariff for London area for 2020/21, as published by National Grid. 32 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 33 ENERGY SUPPLY/STORAGE ENERGY SUPPLY/STORAGE POSSIBILITIES WITH BATTERY TECHNOLOGY The UK’s efforts to meet ambitious government net zero carbon emissions targets by 2050 continue to gather pace, with BEIS figures showing the country broke renewable energy generation records in 2019. However, as we transition to greener power sources, it is vital energy storage infrastructure in order to negate potential disruption, says Chris Rason, Managing Director for Northern Europe at Aggreko UK.

t cannot be denied that industry, and prominence as we transition to greener the country as a whole, are trending energy sources. Companies reliant on toward more sustainable energy the grid for power could be placed at sources. BEIS figures published earlier risk of unplanned downtime, which, in this year showed that renewables turn, could affect their bottom line. Iconstituted a record 37.1 per cent With COVID putting budgets of UK electricity generated last year, under pressure like never before, this and this figure will likely rise in 2020 disruption could have a huge impact. due to pandemic-induced lockdowns. However, if organisations cannot afford News like this, combined with recent to invest in energy storage technology Government announcements that all to alleviate this risk, they could find UK homes will be powered by wind themselves locked in a situation they within a decade, show definitively that cannot resolve, and could get worse. green power is a growing concern. However, UK industry’s enthusiasm OFFSETTING RISK as a spinning reserve for sites looking power resilience, new approaches more efficient models are developed, for green energy sources has not on equipment more sensitive to larger Consequently, it is clear that to increase overall efficiency and overall must be considered. However, businesses do not run the risk of being been mirrored in the uptake of battery load step changes, like gas generators. energy storage technology needs to be savings, allowing fewer generators advances in the rental market now stranded with permanent solutions that storage technology. To an extent, this Because batteries can ensure frequency implemented on a wider scale if industry to run at a higher load with less fuel makes strategic equipment hire an may become outmoded or comparatively reluctance can be explained, as battery and voltage remain within agreed is to build resilience while hitting net consumption. This is especially effective appealing option, as new battery less high-performing over time. storage on the industrial scale has specifications, such fluctuation-based zero targets. This resilience issue was in the data centre sector, which has solutions are becoming available for In summary, the UK’s growing use traditionally been seen as expensive. disruption can be minimised. highlighted in research from Aggreko traditionally been extremely energy on-site and grid support applications. of renewable energy sources is to be Yet the ongoing decarbonisation of carried out last year, when 82 per cent intensive and reliant on a stable and These options can allow organisations welcomed, but further energy storage the National Grid has injected fresh UPS AND of key energy decision makers surveyed consistent power supply. Adding two struggling with capex constraints to solutions must be implemented if this urgency into this issue, with companies SPINNING RESERVE pinpointed power continuity as a major 1MW battery systems to an 18MW data avoid the high up-front costs required trend is to continue at the same rapid potentially needing to consider or significant concern to their business. As well as stabilising energy provision, centre with a gradual load ramp, for for a permanent installation. By instead rate. By looking at options such as battery technology if they are to avoid Added to a site’s wider energy mix, this energy storage technology can instance, could lead to approximately factoring this expense as an ongoing strategic equipment hire, companies can concerns that may arise from growing battery technology can provide an serve as an uninterrupted power £900,000 in fuel gas and carbon opex cost, companies can make savings continue to decarbonise while alleviating dependence on renewable energy. effective and green way of offsetting supply (UPS) for site managers looking emissions savings over a two-year period. while also building the funding required risks such as power disruption without FLUCTUATIONS these concerns and potential risks to implement decentralised energy to potentially invest in a permanent being hamstrung by the prohibitive costs associated with power fluctuation. By schemes. By providing back-up power AFFORDABILITY solution as the technology matures. associated with permanent installations. First and foremost among these allowing energy levels to be ‘smoothed’ if utility or grid power is disrupted, Even with these benefits in mind, Indeed, a further benefit of treating For more information about concerns is the possibility of power and deployed at times where energy batteries can help the site enter a there remains an elephant in the energy storage as an ongoing, hired Net Zero and sustainable energy fluctuations. The National Grid’s October supply might be declining but on-site graceful shutdown of site equipment room – affordability. The pandemic has service in the short-to-medium-term is technologies such as battery storage, announcement that unusually low wind demand is increasing, it can serve as a without impairing critical processes, or led to many site managers having to that it safeguards organisations against download Aggreko’s latest report, speeds were affecting the country’s bulwark against potential disruption. keep everything online long enough at do more with less, and with the UK’s the swift progression this particular field ‘Bridging the Gap to Net Zero: Solutions energy supply demonstrates an issue This smoothing effect also extends required loads until power is reinstated. energy storage infrastructure not yet is currently experiencing. Because rental towards the net zero challenge,’ visit: that, if not accounted for, may grow in to ensuring consistent performance Additionally, the technology can act able to provide appropriate levels of battery solutions can be replaced as even www.aggreko.com/netzero.

34 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 35 CHP CHP THE ENERGY REVOLUTION – THE FUTURE OF HEAT WHY BUSINESSES SHOULD NETWORK PLANT ROOMS CONSIDER GENERATING Pete Mills, Commercial Technical Operations Manager explains why CHPs are becoming less attractive for THEIR OWN ELECTRICITY district heating and what alternatives there are.

ewsflash – businesses like as much grid electricity as possible If I said you could HP (Combined Heat & Heat networks saving money. And yet, too reap the biggest financial rewards. Power modules) have long tend to operate often when businesses Innovative heat and power use £12 worth been a staple of district below 25% of their implement CHP solutions to solution specialists can put the extra of electricity and heating scheme plant peak demand supply cheaper electricity, heat output from the larger system rooms across the UK, for over half of Nsystems are incorrectly sized and to use across several applications only pay £6.50 Cdue to a highly efficient process that the year, which therefore they don’t reap the full benefits depending on the facility in question. for it, you’d captures and utilises the heat as a by- is well suited to of the technology. CHP systems take one This can include anything from the product of the electricity generated. a heat pump. input, namely natural gas, and turn it pre-heating of raw materials before think it sounded However, CHP is becoming On the small into two outputs – electricity and heat. they are processed to providing harder to justify as a future solution number of days The primary purpose of CHPs is cooling through absorption chilling. too good to be based on its carbon impact. each year when to generate electricity as efficiently as Electricity usage profiles can be true. However, The electricity grid has decarbonised temperatures are possible. The heat is a secondary output obtained by analysing half hour meter much quicker than was imagined even coldest, demand and, in an ideal world, most of this will be data which is easily obtained from your businesses that a few years ago and large amounts of can be taken up by used in other applications to maximise electricity supplier. Once demand profiles renewable energy have quickly come peak-load boilers. efficiency. However, it’s often the case are established, it is a straightforward choose to generate onto the grid. The risk is that any CHP If we consider that systems are implemented to match process to calculate the electricity base their own electricity installed now could be in a negative the future energy the heat base load for the building, not load for the building. This information can carbon situation in a few years. landscape as the electricity base load, which means the be used to determine which CHP system through combined With the new Building Regulations well, hybrid full financial benefits are not realised. is best suited to meet the building’s imminent, for some time we have had solutions with energy demands. If implemented heat and power plate heat exchangers and hydraulic CHANGING STRATEGY a draft release to review (SAP 10.1). a boiler involved can support even control equipment will be necessary. correctly, CHPs can offset up to 85 (CHP) do just This projects significantly reduced further carbon emission reductions in The key to success is choosing the per cent of the site’s overall electricity carbon factors for grid electricity. CHP the future. One of the unique abilities IN CONCLUSION correct sized unit. When CHP systems consumption. Appropriately sized CHP that. Here Luke will not easily work within this framework, of a heat network is its straightforward As the UK moves towards a net zero are supplied to meet the heat base load, systems can offer savings of between 30 especially as the more aggressive target adaptation to multiple forms of heat Worrall, business future, the importance of district heating it leads to the system being incapable of and 40 per cent on your electricity bills. has already been adopted by the Greater that may become available in the mid will no doubt become more and more fulfilling a facility’s electricity demands On top of the cost saving, there London Authority ahead of the official to long term, such as Hydrogen gas. development prominent. Its ability to power whole areas because it’s too small. This means it are also additional benefits in terms release of SAP10.2 (as it will be known). Other alternatives include waste and multiple buildings can already help still needs to take significant levels of of security that can be gained by manager at There has been some work looking heat, which is often cited as the catalyst efficiency levels, however its potential electricity from the grid to supplement adopting CHP. Because they can operate into what actual generating technology that sparked the very first heat networks heat and power may be even greater in the future. that supplied by the CHP system. independently of the national grid when CHP would be offsetting and if they would to be built. Using a supply of heat that Many cities have already implemented See the heat produced by CHP in island mode, producing electricity at solutions specialist still have a future for district heating would otherwise be discarded makes district heating schemes in their for what it is, an added benefit of the the point of use, they can operate even schemes. However, it is likely that BEIS perfect sense; something that has not regions, which will most likely increase system, not its main purpose. Instead, in the event of an outage on the grid. NerG, discusses will not accept these arguments, although gone unnoticed by policy makers. We are the implementation of them across CHP systems should be supplied to Using automatic switching, the system at this stage that is purely conjecture. likely to see more policy moving towards the benefits of the country. CHP has been effective match the facility’s full electricity profile. can be set up to enter island mode incentivising this valuable resource. to date and will still run efficiently in Only systems that are designed to offset automatically so that, in the event of an CHP and explains WHAT ALTERNATIVES However, currently the trend is for existing schemes but the technologies outage, the system remains energised ARE THERE? smaller unconnected heat networks discussed, as well as future innovations, through the CHP and this why businesses to be built; not ideal for the use of If CHP is superseded, there will take heat networks to the next switch over is seamless. waste heat that is better introduced should change are several technologies that are level in terms of carbon reduction. Unplanned downtime into a larger distribution network. available to take its place. One being One key energy transformation negatively impacts their approach Leaving strategic connection points heat pumps which many believe that is looking more and more likely is productivity and consumer that would aid future hook up to a to installing the could be the sole heat source for the decarbonisation of the gas grid to trust. A survey of wider district-heating scheme makes a new heat network project. hydrogen blends and ultimately 100% manufacturers found that, sense and represents minimal capital systems. In our view, a more future-proof hydrogen. If these can be utilised in when they experienced outlay at the start of a project. solution could be a hybrid solution, heat networks, then the benefits will unplanned downtime, 37 businesses avoid this by keeping them up If, at a later date an opportunity in this case between heat pumps and definitely put us in a good place as we per cent lost production and running in the event of an outage. arises to connect to a much larger peak-load boilers. These can deliver continue our journey towards net zero. time on critical assets. With the cost savings and security district-heating scheme, the transition is significant carbon savings, whilst Particularly if a hybrid approach is applied. It can also be financial benefits, CHP systems offer businesses a much simpler prospect. However, keep ensuring costs are kept under control. Combined Heat and Power may devastating, costing the chance to revolutionise how they in mind that many larger schemes will Experience has shown that with have been the choice in the past, businesses millions of meet their energy demands. To find out have strict guidelines about connection around 50% to 60% of the peak but a collaborative hybrid one could pounds if the outage isn’t more about the benefits, or to book a arrangements and in particular the return demand covered by heat pumps, over well be the future. https://www. fixed quickly. The black consultation, get in touch with NerG on temperatures that can be accepted. 80% of the kilowatts can typically be bosch-thermotechnology.com/ start potential of CHP helps +44 (0) 152 271 2131 www.nerg.co.uk provided through heat pumps. Leaving plant room space for associated 36 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 37 CHP RENEWABLE ENERGY ARE WE REALLY IN A Chris Stebbings, WHY CHP STILL DELIVERS Director, LGB & CO says HYDROGEN BUBBLE? opportunities remain Cost, efficiency and sustainability benefits ith one of the most turbulent years Bosch who have realised that they need to for savvy investors. on record almost behind us, the embrace fuel cell technology if they want to can all be realised by CHP in sites with Climate Crisis nevertheless remains prosper are expanding into hydrogen and convenient alternatives W to fossil fuels, and high constant demand for hot water at the top of the global political agenda. One taking stakes in relevant companies. US- key enabler for a carbon neutral future is based Cummins made its first move into the collectively account and power, says Mark Gibbons, Baxi the transition to a green hydrogen-based renewable energy sector last year when it for approximately economy, and at least 20 countries – acquired fuel cell and electrolyser technology 34% of global energy Heating’s CHP National Sales Manager. collectively representing around 70% of global manufacturer Hydrogenics. In the same year consumption. Hydrogen’s GDP – are proposing hydrogen strategies took a minority investment in Loop Energy, high energy to mass ratio ew would disagree that this has LOW NOX, or roadmaps as key elements of their a fuel cell electric range extender provider, and low losses during been a year of enormous uncertainty LOW CO² decarbonisation plans. For example, the UK and signed a memorandum of understanding storage and transportation make it an ideal fit and upheaval. In the public sector, government recently unveiled a plan to make with Hyundai Motor Company to collaborate across these sectors. Before the widespread budgets have been under additional So how ‘green’ is CHP? green hydrogen a cornerstone of its “green on hydrogen fuel cell technology. availability of green hydrogen, there is also pressure due to a double whammy of Classified as a low-carbon industrial revolution”, while the EU’s three- Ceres Power has also attracted big scope for fuels cells to be used in off-grid FCOVID-19 related costs and loss of income. technology, most natural phase hydrogen roadmap announced earlier names such as Bosch as a partner and 18% generation, distributed generation, and back- For energy managers, the challenge moving gas CHP engines nowadays this summer envisages up to €500bn being shareholder alongside Waichei which owns up power. One specific vertical where fuel cells forward will be to meet tighter environmental will emit almost zero CO2 invested in this transition by 2050, potentially 20%. Large, global businesses are shifting could provide the solution is EV charging as targets while balancing financial concerns. due to the set-up of the employing up to one million people. The their focus to a cleaner, greener source of highlighted by AFC Energy’s recent partnership Obvious as it may sound, one of the engine and lambda sensors. incoming US administration is also expected energy but this has only just begun. ITM with ABB. Ammonia (NH3) provides the simplest ways of cutting bills and emissions is Advanced CHP units are also low to reverse the current administration’s Power has attracted an investment from source of hydrogen for AFC’s fuel cell which to use less energy. Heat is a natural focus for NOx. Operating in conjunction with policies to invest significantly in clean energy Linde/BOC as well as Italy’s biggest gas grid is readily available and therefore means that widespread adoption of electric vehicles, improvement, with retrofit one of the fastest a water heater in a well-designed infrastructure over the next four years. company Snam. The list of partnerships deployment for EV charging is available now. a move considered by many as key to approaches to achieve the savings in older system, a CHP could reduce NOx with hydrogen economy companies is achieving net-zero carbon emissions. KEY COMPANIES AT FOREFRONT OF OUTLOOK – NO LONGER properties. However, as every building will have emissions by up to 75% compared expanding at a rapid pace and we expect Organisations have the option to use GREEN HYDROGEN TRANSITION A CRYSTAL BALL its own unique requirements, it’s essential to with a boiler or water heater alone. this to continue through to deployment. this lower-cost electricity to provide There have been a number of false starts identify the most appropriate solution that will Clearly, there is global momentum electric vehicle charging points for their REASONS FOR CAUTION? OR IS for fuel cell stocks over the last 40 years and fit the both the demand and the budget. GREENING THE GAS towards green hydrogen investment. customers. Providing access to charging THERE MORE GAS IN THE TANK? yet the concerns have been based around In sites with high, constant demand for high Then there’s the future opportunity With the key technology underpinning the points in council-owned leisure centre a number of issues including; hydrogen, grade heat, a technology like Combined Heat to switch to a greener fuel. The transition being the hydrogen fuel cell that Investors have witnessed a number of car parks, for example, would support efficiency of the fuel cell, costs of the fuel and Power (CHP) can offer energy managers feasibility of repurposing the existing silently generates electricity from hydrogen, short-lived hype cycles surrounding hydrogen the national drive to carbon neutrality cell, the incumbent oil majors allowing this an economic solution to more sustainable heat gas grid to transport green gas is being fuel cell makers such as AFC Energy, Ceres technology in the past, with the most recent while helping bolster their own coffers. transference from hydrocarbons to green and power and improved energy security. explored by ourselves and others to Power and ITM Power are some of the listed being in the tech bubble of the late 1990s. energy to happen and finally government So how does it work? CHP produces useful offer a low disruption solution towards companies at the forefront of this transition. Then, interest in hydrogen companies took CREATING A MORE support. The hydrogen issues centre around; heat and electricity at the point of use in a single decarbonising our older building Yet while fuel-cells are often considered a off after major automakers started to invest SUSTAINABLE FUTURE the safety of hydrogen, the availability of highly efficient process. Rather than rejecting stock. CHP plants could be adapted or green technology, almost all of the hydrogen in fuel-cell technology. This powered Ballard’s pure enough hydrogen and the lack of a ‘waste’ heat to atmosphere like traditional power produced to operate on alternatives As energy managers strive to make produced globally is currently done so share price to a record high of C$165.05 and hydrogen infrastructure, yet these concerns stations, CHP captures it to produce useful to natural gas, such as hydrogen and their buildings more sustainable, energy through techniques based on fossil-fuels. a market cap of $20b in September 2000, are being answered. The fuel cell’s efficiency thermal energy. This can be re-used either for bio-methane, reducing or eliminating efficiency is more important than ever. Therefore, the widespread deployment before plunging below C$15 two years later has evolved dramatically over the last high grade heating or, increasingly, for cold water carbon emissions at the point of use. Driving down energy consumption of electrolysers (that generate hydrogen after consumer demand failed to materialise. decade and costs are falling materially (as pre-heat for domestic hot water production. and waste in buildings is fundamental from water) running off surplus renewable Today, many of the companies set to much as 90%) as partnerships like Ceres/ In this way, it is able to meet a building’s heat HYBRID APPLICATIONS to achieving this. Retrofitting CHP offers power is needed to ensure enough green benefit directly or indirectly from increased a real, achievable opportunity to do hydrogen in the future, and electrolyser hydrogen demand are still at an early Bosch move into the mass production demand more efficiently, reducing total primary We should consider too applying just that in buildings with high demand manufacturers such as ITM Power, which stage of revenue development and few are phase. The incumbent oil majors have been energy consumption typically by around 30% complementing methods of heat for high grade heat in the immediate is soon to finish construction of the world’s consistently profitable. Many will also require decimated by governments around the compared with conventional methods. generation, including CHP, in a hybrid term, with the opportunity for additional largest electrolyser factory in Sheffield, stand significant additional funding from the big world announcing lower and lower carbon system. For example, using lower-cost futureproofing. Of course, accurate to be central players. Ceres Power has also industrial companies already mentioned, emission targets on shorter and shorter time FINANCIAL DRIVER CHP electricity to power air source heat sizing and a well-considered design are announced that it can reverse its fuel cell which from an investor point of view will frames which ultimately forces them to be Boosting the efficiency savings still further, pumps will multiply the efficiency of the key to achieving the full benefits along process to create an electrolyser to produce dilute existing shareholder holdings. investors in hydrogen economy companies. is CHP’s ability to generate lower carbon system while neutralising the carbon with good maintenance and routine green hydrogen from renewable electricity. So, despite this uncertainty, there on-site electricity at lower gas prices. emissions and reducing electricity costs. APPLICATIONS ACROSS A RANGE servicing. But with early engagement seems to be a steady shift towards green The operating cost benefit of CHP will depend Heat networks, which will play SKY-HIGH VALUATIONS…OR NOT? OF SECTORS, EVEN IN NEAR TERM between all stakeholders, and the hydrogen being a major part of the energy on the difference in gas and electricity prices. an increasingly important role in the IS THE TRANSITIONING OF GLOBAL support of experienced suppliers who Nevertheless, a number of niche mix. Recently published forecasts from the This is often referred to as the ‘spark gap’ or sustainable heating policies mix in dense can provide technical input and insight, ENERGY CREATING A SUPER CYCLE? applications mean there are still opportunities EU, the Hydrogen Council and Bloomberg ‘spark spread’ – the wider the spark spread, the urban environments, can use a range of the financial case for CHP in these Indeed, many pure-play hydrogen for savvy investors that are aware of market New Energy Finance suggest hydrogen could greater the return. With gas prices currently at heat generation solutions. We envisage uncertain times is certainly compelling. companies that are set to gain from growth dynamics. This is because while cheap grow from 2% now to 13–24% by 2050. Many around a quarter the price of electricity, CHP a design where hydrogen boilers and Remeha is part of Baxi Heating. Mark in hydrogen demand have seen their shares renewable power combined with battery listed companies are bound to be winners offers an attractive economic option – one that is CHP units provide high grade heat for Gibbons is National Sales Manager CHP rocket over the past year on the back of storage looks set to address sections of the along the way and, with the same economies capable of delivering payback within three years domestic hot water provision while for Baxi Heating. government pledges such as the EU’s transport and power sectors, important gaps that embraced batteries now embracing in a well-designed, well-maintained system. powering ASHPs for low grade heat. roadmap. Over the past year, ITM Power remain in various sectors that hydrogen is fuel cells as the next major technology Further, onsite generation offers energy remeha.co.uk/products/chp, is up c.370%, Plug Power is up c.700% and well suited to fill. ‘Hard to reach’ sectors such they need, plenty of opportunities remain managers the opportunity to offset fluctuations SUSTAINABILITY BENEFITS [email protected], French electrolyser developer McPhy is up as steelmaking, residential and commercial for investors, even with valuations being of wholesale energy prices, ensuring greater Additionally, CHP can be seen an amazing c.820%. At the same time, major heating, long-distance road freight, shipping where they are today. www.lgbco.com energy resilience and control over energy costs. as a useful tool in encouraging the industrial companies such as Cummins and and aviation, have no obvious, low-cost,

38 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 39 RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY A GUIDE TO THE PPA PROCESS – A COMPARISON BETWEEN ARE YOU READY TO MAKE A LONG-TERM COMMITMENT TO ZERO CARBON? SOLAR ENERGY AND Paul Orstavik, Lead expanding renewable generation sources. building installing solar panels on site. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Investing in a PPA helps demonstrate your By doing this it can protect against rising Originator at World Kinect company’s commitment to climate change, energy costs and is a visible commitment Our planet needs help. And it needs it Energy Services, provides that you are responding to investor/ consumer to sustainability with zero upfront cost demand and helps towards meeting your for setting up. Usually, in exchange for fast. Fossil energy has a deep impact to expert insight into Power carbon reduction targets. A PPA can also help ‘leasing’ your space, the organisation Purchase Agreements reduce energy expenses, diversify energy receives a fixed renewable energy price and our environment, and also it comes to supply, and help achieve long-term stability. safeguarding against a volatile market. an end. Natural resources are limited, (PPAs), the benefits, the PPAs, however, are usually a long- However, not all organisations will different types, and how term agreement lasting between 10-15 have the available space to accommodate as we are aware. So we begin to look years, compared to a normal energy the installation of an energy project they can help the public contract that lasts 2-3 years. Some do go and it is a long-term commitment. for alternative energy sources. The sector achieve its zero on for longer, especially solar projects. OFFSITE PPA sun and the earth are two of them. The longest PPA to date is 28 years. carbon emissions. To invest in a PPA, you need to be An offsite PPA is an agreement to these natural energy source decades ready to commit to the long-term, however, purchase renewable energy from an external SOLAR ENERGY ustainability and carbon reduction ago drilling deep wells into the earth. taking the risk will lead to significant supplier. Offsite PPAs tend to be beneficial goals are being prioritised in many Probably better known as geothermal Hot underground water comes out benefits within just a few years. for organisations that do not have the public and private organisations, with energy, solar energy is used in a huge as steam to move turbines to drive S As banks become more accustomed capabilities to set up an onsite energy project. quantity of houses. We all already have the UK government’s net zero target edging large generators producing electricity. last but not least the budget, which to what they are lending, we may see There are numerous benefits to offsite closer. The pressure is on for public sector seen solar panels on the roofs of several Today geothermal energy also is solution would be the best in each case. PPA contracts becoming shorter, maybe PPAs, including no upfront cost to your organisations to consider ways to innovate to buildings. Not only in the very south of used to heat our houses. The principle Each of the two energy sources down to 7 years. The cost of renewable organisation, a wider variety of renewable hit the net zero targets by the 2050 deadline. Europe, but also more and more in our is the same, just in a smaller scale. are extremely environmentally friendly, energy is also becoming significantly less energy options to choose from and it Achieving net zero for many public sector parts of the world solar energy becomes Pipes are drilled from a few feet until as they are renewal energy sources. It expensive since 2010, so now is a good can provide sizeable cost savings. organisations will require a well thought more common. Installation formed by 300 feet in a case of an single family depends the circumstances which one time to consider PPAs and invest. Decision makers must consider several out strategy, long-term investment and will solar panels or shingles that are fixed house. At 30 feet temperature reaches matches better your requests. Solar factors before deciding on an offsite PPA: involve financial implications. Forward-thinking on the roof, solar energy is caught and approximate 50 degrees Fahrenheit. energy systems are highly developed BENEFITS OF PPAS • They could be restricted to competitive decision makers will need to be open to piped through a system of small tubes This temperature is stable during whole and there is a wide range of different (deregulated) electricity markets new techniques, products, and markets. Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) can to the heat pump which extracts the the year, even at strong winter time, sizes and types on the market, for each depending on location The COVID-19 pandemic has certainly be complex, and many businesses can be put heat to lead it to the water reservoir. and guarantees enough temperature situation you can find your perfectly • The availability of offsite PPAs is limited to offered an insight into how the world is off by the lack of understanding and long- Also there exists the possibility difference between underground and fitted solution. If there are no problems customers with large electricity loads and impacted when there is a reduction in term commitments, however, the benefits to win electric current out of the sun surface temperature to drive a heat or restrictions to cover parts of the roof investment grade credit. emissions and has acted as an accelerator will outweigh the substantial commitment, light. The efficiency of solar panels for pump. Both, electricity and heating water with solar panels or collectors, even in • They are also open to market price for a focus on sustainability, leading to many especially with the looming net-zero deadline. electric use, that are called photovoltaic can be produced by geothermal energy. the far north solar energy works efficient variation, balancing, and other potential public sector organisations to consider the Here are 6 reasons why you panels, over the last three decades had The big advantage of geothermal enough to win heating or electric energy. project issues. impact of their activities on the environment. should consider investing in a PPA: improved significant. Today’s panels are energy is that it is completely In some cases, especially on For those decision makers in the public 1. Requires little to no upfront cost even thinner and more durable as panels independent of weather conditions old buildings or in natural areas, ARE YOU READY TO of the first or second generation. New sector looking to accelerate their renewable 2. Reduces exposure to energy price volatility INVEST LONG-TERM? such as sunny or cloudy days, but also solar panels are not allowed. Here energy goals, Power Purchase Agreements 3. Helps organisations achieve energy materials and scientific research makes independent of season. Almost the geothermal energy can be a perfect (PPA) are a viable option and will help them targets and contributes towards As well as carbon offsets and investing possible that the last generation has same temperature can be found deep solution to take advantage of renewal achieve their long-term sustainability goals. hitting net zero emissions in renewable energy certificates, PPAs are an nearly the double efficiency and is even in the earth. Some owners prefer the energy sources, though. Also in In recent years, there has been an increase 4. Avoids the rising price of energy alternative solution to accessing renewable cheaper than the first panels, which were installation of earth collectors, few feet extremely cloudy and rainy climate in demand from organisations committing certificates and retail margins energy and reducing your carbon footprint. brought to the market in the late Nineties. under the surface, but covering a large zones geothermal energy works stable, to long-term solar and wind PPAs to help 5. Demonstrates an organisation’s For public sector decision makers, investing With solar panels of nowadays you square, especially if permits are difficult continuously producing heating or them achieve 100% renewable energy. commitment to sustainability in a PPA is a great way to access renewable even can obtain warm water or electric to get because of water protection electric energy over the whole year. to stakeholders energy at a reasonable cost, showcase your energy in cloudy days. That gives them areas, or to reduce the costs. But they However, the very best solution WHAT IS A PPA? 6. Diversifies an organisation’s energy supply. commitment to sustainability to the public and a sense even in northern countries are less efficient as drill wells and much is to combine both renewal energy also to central government, and can bring long- with cold and rainy climate. Of course In its simplest form, a Power Purchase more surface is needed to bring the sources to heat houses and always term energy cost stability and predictability. we have to admit that efficiency will Agreement (PPA) is a contractual agreement TYPES OF PPAS: fluid to the correct temperature. dispose of enough natural energy Public sector organisations that fail to not be the same as on sunny days. between renewable energy buyers and sellers. ONSITE V OFFSITE to heat and drive the building. invest in sustainability and carbon reduction Both parties come together and agree to buy There are two types of PPAs available: THE DIFFERENCE will leave themselves at risk not only of GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ABOUT THE AUTHOR and sell an amount of energy which is or will be onsite and offsite, both of which come BETWEEN SOLAR AND paying higher costs in the long-term, but generated by a renewable asset or provider. with their own benefits and can help Still there are not too much buildings GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Following nature’s example, Baufritz potentially facing backlash from the public that take advantage of an never- When committing to long-term mitigate your Scope 2 emissions. One comes from the sky, the other has been planning and constructing as environmental pressure intensifies and ending energy, which our earth offer: procurement of renewable energy from from the ground. As easy it sounds, as ecologically sustainable buildings for ONSITE PPAS governments enforce new legislation. Geothermal energy. What does this a specified renewable asset, the buyer easy it is. An architect or energy planner over 120 years. High-quality, pollutant- An onsite PPA is an agreement to purchase For more information or to explore if a mean? The core of mother earth is made provides the renewable asset with a stable should be consulted, because each place tested building and insulation materials renewable energy directly from a project PPA is a viable option for your business, go of pure heat. Magma flows under the income projection, which helps finance the and each building project is different. It are used to create individual architect’s developer that uses the organisation’s own to https://world-kinect.com/considering- earth surface and reaches temperatures renewable development. The renewable depends the surrounding, the climate houses that protect people and the location to generate renewable energy. power-purchase-agreement close to our sun’s surface. Human buyer can then claim additionality, to conditions, the size of the property and environment. www.baufritz.com be responsible for supporting new , For example, this could be a Council mankind began to take advantage of 40 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 41 RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY WHY THE THAMES ESTUARY’S FUTURE WILL BE HYDROGEN-POWERED BIOENERGY – ADVANTAGES he UK has a net zero carbon pledge by • Introduction of hydrogen to domestic Kate Willard OBE, AND DISADVANTAGES 2050, and it is recognised that hydrogen gas supply and development of a Estuary Envoy Thas a significant role in achieving this hydrogen transmission system goal. Most recently, the Prime Minister’s • Explore how industry can ecosystem, but there are Priscilla Hall, Partner and Head announcement for a 10-point climate plan to transition to hydrogen and other clear next steps that have of Green Energy at national law reach net zero included having five gigawatts low carbon energy sources already been identified: of low-carbon hydrogen energy production firm Clarke Willmott LLP, shares WHY HYDROGEN? Establish demand – Hydrogen power capacity by 2030. The Thames Estuary is expensive, but economies of scale will her thoughts on the advantages presents a unique opportunity for investment Hydrogen has a significant role bring this down over time. We need to in Hydrogen Infrastructure at scale like to play as an alternative to fossil fuels establish the size of the market and the and disadvantages of bioenergy nowhere else in the UK, and as such could play in a range of applications such as key points in time for investment. Initially a vital role in the Green Recovery, supporting transport, heating and industry. though, Government policy, incentives, as the Government develops a de-carbonised London and keeping the Hydrogen power enables you to make and pricing mechanisms will be essential its green energy strategy. UK on track towards a net zero future. more use of renewable energy sources. For in encouraging the transition to hydrogen. example, the Estuary itself has a number Before the wind industry was fully established, WHAT ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES: of wind farms to reduce CO and provide a 2 the UK Government provided a high level hen people think of water supplies, Situated next to one of the world’s leading renewable alternative to fossil fuels. However, of support for infrastructure with pricing energy being created reduce harmful cities that has strong targets around zero when the demand is present for energy, mechanisms, which accelerated the road to from gas, often it is pathogens in emissions, with a large demand on its energy that is not necessarily the precise moment economies of scale – this has happened for placed in the same slurry along with and transport infrastructure, the Estuary can when the wind is blowing, and therefore solar and wind, and it is something we need category as coal reducing odours in the green energy and agricultural present a critical mass in its shift towards a back-up supply is required. Hydrogen for hydrogen power too to enable prices to Win terms of harmful and polluting which can improve air quality particularly sectors for many years. One example a de-carbonised future at scale, which will offers a solution for any access demand on drop and inspire widespread adoption. energy generation. Sometimes the close to high density population of our work includes acting for a client become highly attractive to investors. We also the basis that like petrol, and unlike wind, Identify potential investment sources preconception is that the creation areas. We should also not forget the developing biogas plants in the UK, have critical mass that will enable adoption at it can be stored and deployed at a later and create a market proposition – Secure of energy from biogas is also a non- valuable by-product of the process, which has included advising them on site scale, as well as large opportunities in air and stage. This is not to say hydrogen is a silver initial investment to prove the concept and green energy source and damaging the manufacturing of compost and acquisition, option agreements, freehold port side uses, public transport with the TFL bullet for decarbonisation, but undeniably build confidence. We need to develop our the environment. To respond to this fertilizer which could be an incremental transfer and long lease, all due diligence bus fleet, and other municipal uses as well it has a significant role to play in promoting investment and opportunity road map so that preconception, it is important to income source for the producer. aspects, advice in relation to feedstock as a significant logistics sector to service. energy efficiency across many verticals. we are able to articulate our ambition and understand a little more about biogas The principal challenges for agreements, finance arrangements We already have locations within the By comparison, the limitations of batteries direction to enable us to develop our investors. along with the some of the advantages anaerobic digestion centre around and construction documentation. Estuary where progress is being made. A are well documented, and it is clear they are Establish Credibility and Confidence – A and disadvantages of bioenergy. scale and time. The initial upfront We also advised on connection transition to incorporating hydrogen in not suitable for all modes of transport. The key part of adopting new technologies will Biogas is a naturally occurring gas cost of construction and follow on requirements, as the plants are gas to the domestic gas supply and new plants to size and weight of even the most advanced be enabling businesses to see how the new predominantly consisting of methane and operating expenditure for digestors grid, as well as including CHP units to manufacture hydrogen for public transport are batteries are too big and heavy for the power technologies can work for them. Because of carbon which is generated from organic can be expensive but can be overcome enable the generation of electricity. coming forward. With large brownfield sites output required for public transport vehicles. our unique geography, the Estuary provides matter. This matter which could include through professional advice and support. In addition, we have supported and an existing petrochemical infrastructure, Moreover, the problem remains of how to a good place to do real-life demonstrations agricultural waste, sewage, food waste It is fair to say that most farms which clients funding anaerobic digestion the time is right to put in place a plan to safely recycle batteries without doing damage and testing of hydrogen buses for example. and plant material is processed inside a set up an anaerobic digestion system plants involving negotiating project transition towards a low, and ultimately to the environment and adding to air pollution It is all very well having the prototypes, but closed system aided by microorganisms, tend to be more substantial, have a finance documentation including facility zero carbon future. We have the ingredients when melting them down. Alternatively, the only way you build consumer confidence a process often referred to as anaerobic significant herd of cows and or access agreements, debentures, share charges, (the sites, access to water, the desire) and hydrogen is easy to store and causes minimal if through real world application. digestion. Once the biogas has been to plentiful plant waste. Depending security assignments direct agreements, the opportunity (a clear shift in demand) harm to the environment by way of emissions. Enable Research – Establish where the sufficiently treated it is then transferred on scale storage considerations need shareholder agreements and associated to create a compelling case for investment Research by our colleagues at The main areas of research are and develop the to a combined heat and power unit to be taken in to account along with documentation. It addition advising in hydrogen in the Thames Estuary. University of Kent has predicted that there Estuary as a test bed for implementation. for the creation of renewable energy the time needed for operations and clients in relation to the underlying site As well as the environment benefits, there is an estimated 2050 regional demand of Develop Supply – In the very short term, to be used in a variety of formats. maintenance which can be considerable. documentation and the negotiation of is an opportunity to unlock £18bn GVA and 0.8 million- 1.25 million tonnes of Hydrogen we may need to rely on importing hydrogen With an increasing worldwide Taking into consideration all aspects variations with the landowners involved in create 75,000 new jobs in the Thames Estuary per annum across the Estuary Region. from elsewhere because the demand in early population more waste from both I would conclude that there is a case order to satisfy the funders requirements. region alone. This is key for the levelling up NEXT STEPS: stages may not be sufficient for investment. livestock and humans will be generated for development of anaerobic digestion Overall, we deliver seamless sector- agenda and promoting economic growth post- Identify Manufacturing Infrastructure regardless of eating habits. In fact, the activity. As always, each opportunity focused legal advice on all aspects With this unique demand case for positive Brexit and post-Covid. In addition to upskilling – Hydrogen manufacture requires a World Economic Forum is predicting should be treated on its own individual of energy generation by providing a environmental innovation and change, the in the immediate future, there are also longer- significant amount of energy. Electrolysis the global population will be 9.7 billion merits in terms of economic viability and ‘one-stop shop’ for our clients including Thames Estuary Growth Board held its term positive impacts as future generations is the least polluting method, but only if in 2050 compared to today’s global environmental impact, with impartial operators, contractors, investors, farmers first public summit, comprised of leading will be inspired to build on the momentum the electricity used comes from renewable population of 7.8 billion. As a result, there advice being sought. It will be interesting landowners and local authorities, many experts, researchers and stakeholders, to that is already in motion in the Estuary, sources – as such, we will need to will always be a continual source of base to see how bioenergy is incorporated of whom we have a long-standing devise a plan for unlocking the potential and propel the nation towards net zero. significantly increase our generation of material, providing a steady source of into the Government’s green industrial relationship with and would be happy of hydrogen power in the Thames Estuary. There are a number of emerging electricity from renewable sources. reliable base load electricity, which can be revolution combined with the longer- to have a conversation in how we can This was attended by the National Grid; areas of clear demand: Transition Technologies – We will need a challenge for other renewable sources term impact of Brexit for the agricultural help and support your ambitions. Rise who are developing a green hydrogen • Tightening emissions limits in London to consider the end users and how they may such as wind and solar. Therefore, sector. Over the coming weeks and Clarke Willmott is a national fuel source for buses in London; and Edwin will create a push to shift public transition to a fully carbon free approach. bioenergy is certainly is supporting months more details will emerge from law firm with offices in Birmingham, Pang, Director of Arcsilea, who talked about transport to non-carbon fuels. TfL The benefits of a hydrogen-fuelled the challenge of achieving NetZero. the Government and I look forward Bristol, Cardiff, London, Manchester, the Port of London Authority’s (PLA) vision operate 9,600 services across the city future are vast. We have the skills, From an environmental perspective, to updating clients accordingly. Southampton and Taunton. for hydrogen power; to name a few. carrying 1.8bn passengers per annum commitment, passion and ambition to the benefit of anaerobic digestion Our work relating to bioenergy is For more information please Following the event, the Growth Board • Opportunities to explore hydrogen to make this a reality. Our summit was a great plants is also worth noting. It can help varied and extensive with our specialist visit www.clarkewillmott.com is drawing up a roadmap which will set out support river transport for both passengers step forward, now, we are going to see it remove harmful elements from the and nationally rated cross-disciplinary their journey to developing a hydrogen and freight, and also portside uses through. https://thamesestuary.org.uk/ waste products which might contaminate team of solicitors having been involved 42 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 43 RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY

The energy system For emerging economies, this (PV) and the rapid advancement in low-profile, flexible,transparent OPVs is undergoing EMPOWERING could prove a steppingstone towards energy-storage technology, making with the potential for high efficiency. This more independently sourced energy, cutting edge technology affordable and technology aims to further decentralise unprecedented which would decrease the reliance on available to emerging economies. energy production and consumption transformation, SUSTAINABLE Western imported resources. It would Localised energy is also more from its current market use. It seeks to also open the way for the public to renewable, which helps reduce carbon go beyond conventional applications fuelled by ENERGY WITH begin inputting into decision making emissions significantly. In recent years in energy grids, opening new markets on implementation design and policies. there has been a surge in demand for such as electric vehicles; next generation factors such as A localised energy source could also renewable energy, particularly solar motor and marine vessels; planes and technological DECENTRALISATION help to build the citizens’ trust as local energy. Solar power is now the cheapest drones and the internet of things. officials have a better knowledge of local source of energy available according to A more democratic type of energy developments, conditions and are better positioned International Energy Agency (IEA), with is increasing in popularity worldwide. to respond to local grievances. growing popularity for photovoltaic (PV) Decentralisation allows customers to be geopolitical shifts A decentralised energy industry could panels. Global PV capacity has grown fully responsible for their energy usage and environmental transform centralised infrastructures from around five gigawatts in 2005 to and generation. Innovations in solar into small businesses, leveraging approximately 509.3 gigawatts in 2018, energy like Nextgen Nano’s alongside concerns. the shared economy to create more according to Statista. In 2019, more other renewable energy sources hold circular energy systems and create solar PV capacity was added than all the key to unlocking the potential of According more personalised solutions for other renewable sources combined, emerging economies and societies, to the World consumers. Such a system aligns public with a total of 116.9 gigawatts. without the intrinsic damage traditional expenditures with local priorities to As a UK-based company leading energy production and infrastructure Economic Forum, improving management incentives and research into organic PV (OPV) wreaks on the natural environment. decentralisation to improve accountability to users. technology, Nextgen Nano is already With innovative technology at hand, the While decentralisation does not revolutionising the energy sector with future of energy is bound to be more is one of the promise to end poverty in developing its PolyPower® technology, which sustainable and people oriented. countries, it has the potential to has the potential to generate record To find out more about Nextgen key trends that improve local conditions through efficiencies in the global OPV market. Nano’s innovative technology will accelerate increasing the extent, efficiency and Guided by the team’s vision of the and solutions, visit the website. cost effectiveness of basic services. ethical use of nanotechnology, PolyPower http://nextgen-nano.co.uk the transition These conditions are reinforced by combines earth-friendly biopolymers with to sustainable the falling costs of solar photovoltaics cutting-edge nanotechnology to produce energy supply. Decentralisation is

often referred to as n effective energy transition typically use renewable energy sources, ‘energy democracy’, must integrate the three main such as combined heat and power (CHP) faces of the energy triangle: biomass and wind or solar power. as it aims to environmental sustainability, This contrasts with conventional increase popular security and access to energy that is generated by burning resourcesA and economic development. fossil fuels at a power plant and participation More than 860 million people in distributed directly through the national developing and underdeveloped grid. Power is generated continuously, while advancing countries lack access to energy, according even after demand peaks, resulting to the World Economic Forum findings, in transmission losses, therefore renewables as meaning that the demand for secure making it a much less efficient and and affordable power is increasing. At more polluting process. Furthermore, the new source www.energymanagermagazine.co.uk the same time, the findings suggest centralised energy is less reliable and of energy. Here that people in those countries can prone to unexpected power failures. Matthew Stone, ‘leapfrog’ to the final stage of the energy The benefits of decentralisation transition, without experiencing the are numerous, with perhaps the most Register now to receive chairman at energy damaging effects of traditional energy. obvious being that customers take One viable way to do so is through over control of the energy and the your digital issue of decentralisation decentralisation and implementation sources they use. Customers become experts Nextgen of innovative technologies. producers of energy, or prosumers, Energy Manager Magazine THE ONLY PUBLIC Decentralised energy is generated active actors in the energy sector. FREE of charge Nano, explains why close to where it will be used, rather With new technology, prosumers will SECTOR ENERGY decentralisation than at an industrial plant that is then be able to make choices around their sent through the national grid for energy usage, something previously energymanagermagazine.co.uk/ will transform the distribution. Decentralised systems only available to electricity suppliers. JOURNAL subscribe energy sector.

44 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 45 DRIVING THE FUTURE PSSA IS HYDROGEN A HOPE Public Sector Sustainability Association OR HYPE SOLUTION? Hydrogen versus BECOME A CORPORATE MEMBER electrical vehicles on the UK’s road to greener transport The Public Sector Sustainability Association

rime Minister Boris Johnson has (PSSA) provides a professional association and announced further investment network for all those working in the Public of hydrogen technologies, Sector who have a common interest in while new funding initiatives for energy efficiency and electric sustainability. The aim of the association is to Pvehicles (EVs) are also in the pipeline. bring together a wide group of people working But how does hydrogen compare with across all areas of the Public Sector – to help other green energy alternatives? Here Simone Bruckner, managing director of educate, train, support and connect as we power resistor manufacturer Cressall, work towards a more sustainable future. investigates the pros and cons of hydrogen for the automotive industry. Recent hydrogen vehicle developments have given hope to the idea that hydrogen will one day Corporate membership of the Public Sector Sustainability Association is “dominate” the market. However, for is certainly not the present. now, it seems that competing battery HIGH-TECH available to any private sector organisation wishing to reach committed and Hydrogen’s water-only emissions electric vehicle (BEV) technologies have COMPONENTS may seem like a green alternative, but taken pole position as the technology influencial sustainability professionals in Government, Local Authorities, sustainability still poses problems. In addition to battery technology, that could remove fossil fuels from Currently almost all the hydrogen resistors also play an important role NHS, Education and Housing Associations. our roads. Why is hydrogen falling sold in the UK is produced by splitting in EV efficiency. When an EV’s battery behind alternatives, like BEVs? it from natural gas, which is costly is full, the vehicle must rely on its and emits carbon dioxide (CO ). mechanical friction braking system to A CLEAN SOLUTION? 2 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS However, this problem can be slow the vehicle. When slowing the To power vehicles, energy-dense vehicle, it is beneficial to use a resistor tackled by capturing the CO2 during hydrogen is stored in a fuel cell. Using hydrogen production, then ‘burying to discharge the excess energy. Not • Comprehensive listing in Suppliers Directory hydrogen and oxygen as power, the it’ with carbon capture and storage. only is the resistor useful in the event • Unlimited opportunity to supply press releases, articles & news to feature on PSSA website fuel cell produces water, electricity But that will drive up costs. The of an electrical fault, it also lowers • One release for inclusion in monthly Newsletter. and heat, without creating any alternative entails using surplus servicing costs due to reduced wear emissions, other than water vapour. renewable electricity to split hydrogen on the friction braking system. • Logo on PSSA homepage Hydrogen fuel has many benefits, from water using a fuel cell, offering a The energy dissipated during • Introductory email sent to our members as the latest Corporate Member to join the PSSA offering a slightly better range and cleaner yet more expensive solution. dynamic braking into the resistor can a more promising consumer uptake also heat the vehicle’s cabin, reducing • Logo - ‘Member of the PSSA’ to use on your own websites/materials than BEV alternatives. This is mainly AN ELECTRIC DREAM the requirement for electrical heating, • 25% off Website/Newsletter banner advertising because vehicles will only need to which places an extra load on the battery. BEVs offer their own set of benefits. • 25% off Newsletter sponsorship adjust to using a different kind of gas Cressall produces the EV2 resistor, a Electric motors can deliver torque and they can be refueled in times liquid cooled modular resistor with a 25 quickly with almost instant acceleration, comparable to fossil fuel powered cars. kilowatt (kW) rating that can be mounted making vehicles quicker to start. Charging As with all new technologies, there outside or even underneath the vehicle, infrastructure is also far more developed WHAT DOES IT COST remain some barriers to hydrogen making it ideal for both small electric than hydrogen refuelling capabilities, adoption. One obstacle to the cars and larger forms of transport. with more than 18,000 charging devices widespread adoption of hydrogen fuel While the UK looks forward to the currently dispersed across the UK. The introductory rate for annual membership is £495+VAT. cells is that the technology requires an benefits of hydrogen, much has still As BEV uptake increases, with a entirely new charging infrastructure. to be done to make it a commercially robust charging infrastructure already Another issue that throws our viable fuel. Meanwhile, competing in place, it will be wise to continue hydrogen readiness into question is technologies like BEVs, paired with Interested in becoming a Corporate Member of the PSSA? investing in EV technologies while driving the current price point of hydrogen other high-tech components like forward with hydrogen technology. Get in touch today - call us on 01933 316931 or email us at [email protected] vehicles. Paired with the needed advanced resistors, can continue to infrastructural developments, the drive the automotive industry’s green future could be hydrogen, but it revolution forward. www.cressall.com

46 ENERGY MANAGER MAGAZINE • JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 www.pssa.info