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Download This PDF File 43887 Brazilian Journal of Development Atividade antimicrobiana da peçonha de Lachesis muta rhombeata Antibacterial activity of Lachesis muta rhombeata venom DOI:10.34117/bjdv6n7-125 Recebimento dos originais: 07/06/2020 Aceitação para publicação: 07/07/2020 Yonne Karoline Tenório de Menezes Mestre pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brasil Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Sílvio Francisco da Silva Especialista em Docência em Biologia pela Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Pernambuco, Brasil Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Patricia Luana Barbosa da Silva Ribeiro Especialista em Fisiologia humana aplicada a ciências da saúde (UNESA), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Luís André de Almeida Campos Mestre pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (PPGBAS/UFPE), Brasil Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901, Fone: 21012501, Recife/PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Sayonara Stéfane Tavares de Moura Mestre pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biociências da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brasil Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Sarah Brandão Palácio Doutora pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica (PPGNANO) da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brasil. Instituição: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901, Fone: 21012501, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 7 , p.43887-43900, jul. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 43888 Brazilian Journal of Development Jeanne Claine de Albuquerque Modesto Doutora pelo Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brasil Professora do Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti Doutora pelo Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brasil Professora do Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Chefe e Pesquisadora do Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (LIKA/UFPE) Centro Acadêmico de Vitória da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (CAV/UFPE) Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (LIKA/UFPE) Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, Bela Vista, CEP: 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50670-901, Fone: 21012501, Recife, PE, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] RESUMO O aumento dos casos de morte causada por infecções bacterianas tem impulsionado pesquisadores a investigarem diferentes fontes biológicas, como venenos animais, que contêm moléculas bioativas, e esses podem ser fontes de novos moléculas terapêuticas para o tratamento de infecções microbianas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana do veneno de Lachesis muta rhombeata. Para a avaliação da atividade antibacteriana do veneno, foram utilizados os métodos de difusão em disco e microdiluição de acordo com o Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Os resultados obtidos no método de difusão em disco demonstraram que o veneno de Lachesis muta rhombeata não apresentou atividade antibacteriana frente as bactérias gram-negativas Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 (halo de inibição = 5,7 ± 0,3 mm) e Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (halo de inibição = 6,2 ± 1,2 mm), porém, o veneno apresentou atividade moderada frente a Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (halo de inibição = 11,4 ± 0,5 mm). Em relação as bactérias gram-positivas, o veneno de Lachesis muta rhombeata apresentou atividade antibacteriana frente a Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (halo de inibição = 15,4 ± 1,1 mm), no entanto, o veneno não apresentou atividade frente a S. aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA) ATCC 33591 (halo de inibição = 0 mm). No método de microdiluição, o veneno de Lachesis muta rhombeata apresentou maior atividade frente a S. aureus ATCC 29213 (Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) = 64 μg/mL), atividade moderada frente a P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (CIM = 256 μg/mL), fracamente ativa frente a E. coli ATCC 25922 (CIM = 512 μg/mL) e inativo para K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 e MRSA ATCC 33591 (CIM ≥ 512 μg/mL). Considerando os resultados obtidos neste estudo, o veneno de Lachesis muta rhombeata é uma alternativa promissora como agente antibacteriano, especialmente frente a Staphylococcus aureus. Palavras chaves: Infecção, bactéria, peçonha de cobra, Viperidae, atividade antimicrobiana. ABSTRACT Increase of death cases caused by bacterial infections has encouraged researchers to investigate different biological sources that contain bioactive molecules as new therapeutic agents for microbial infections such animals Venoms. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity of Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 7 , p.43887-43900, jul. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 43889 Brazilian Journal of Development Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom. Venom antibacterial activity was analyzed by disc diffusion and microdilution. The results demonstrated that the L. m. rhombeata venom did not present significant antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, however, the venom presented moderated activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (inhibition halo = 11.4 ± 0.5 mm). Regarding the gram positive bacterial, the L. m. rhombeata venom presented antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus. aureus ATCC 29213 (inhibition halo = 15.4 ± 1.1 mm), however, the venom did not exhibit activity against methicilin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591. In the microdiluition method, the L. m. rhombeata venom showed higher activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC = 64 µg/mL), moderate activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) = 256 µg/mL), weakly active against E. coli ATCC 25922 (MIC = 512 µg/mL) and inactive for K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and MRSA ATCC 33591 (MIC ≥ 512 µg/mL). Considering the results obtained in this study, L. m. rhombeata venom is a promising alternative as an antibacterial agent, especially against S. aureus. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; bacteria; Infection; Lachesis muta rhombeata; snake venoms; Viperidae. 1 INTRODUCTION Infections caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria have become a worldwide public health problem. Researches estimates that until 2050s, deaths attributed to infections caused by bacteria with resistance profile can reach 10 million people per year (O’ NEILL, 2014). These data represent a global concern for humans, animals and the environment due to rapid bacterial multiplication, dissemination, persistence, and occurrence of mutations in antimicrobial resistance genes (DAVIES; DAVIES, 2010). In addition, the development of new antibiotics is no longer considered an economically viable investment for the pharmaceutical industry due to lack of success and low financial gains by bringing new antibiotics to market (VENTOLA, 2015; JACKSON; CZAPLEWSKI; PIDDOCK, 2018) in the reduction of exploration on new molecules with antimicrobial potential by the pharmaceutical industry over the years (LUSHNIAK, 2014; JACKSON; CZAPLEWSKI; PIDDOCK, 2018). This problem has led to a wider search for antimicrobial agents from animal and plant sources. Therefore, studying different biological sources increases the possibilities to discover new molecules with therapeutic potential for the treatment of these infections. As an example of a drug made from ophthalmic venoms, we can mention Captopril®, a widely known antihypertensive drug developed from a peptide isolated from the venom of the Brazilian snake Bothrops jararaca. This example demonstrates the importance of ophidian venom as an important source to be explored for the discovery of new therapeutic agents (FERREIRA, 1998; DE LIMA et al., 2010; WAHEED; MOIN; CHOUDHARY, 2017). Snake venoms have a wide range of molecules with potential antimicrobial activity. Examples include L-amino oxidase (LAAO), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and metalloprotease enzymes, as well Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 7 , p.43887-43900, jul. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 43890 Brazilian Journal of Development as multi-class peptides such as cardiotoxins, crotamine and cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) (DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR; E SILVA CARDOSO; FRANCO,
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