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Red-Breasted Nuthatch and Golden-Crowned Kinglet
Red-breasted Nuthatch and Golden-crowned Kinglet: The First Nests for South Carolina and Other Chattooga Records Frank Renfrow 611 South O’Fallon Avenue, Bellevue, KY 41073 [email protected] Introduction The Chattooga Recreation Area (referred to as CRA for purposes of this article), located adjacent to the Walhalla National Fish Hatchery (780 m) within Sumter National Forest, Oconee Co., South Carolina, has long been noted as a unique natural area within the state. The picnic area in particular, situated along the East Fork of the Chattooga River, contains an old-growth stand of White Pine (Pinus strobus) and Canada Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) with state records for both species as well as an impressive understory of Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) and Great Laurel (Rhododendron maximum) (Gaddy 2000). Nesting birds at CRA not found outside of the northwestern corner of the state include Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens) and Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis). Breeding evidence of two other species of northern affinities, Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis) and Golden-crowned Kinglet (Regulus satrapa) has previously been documented at this location (Post and Gauthreaux 1989, Oberle and Forsythe 1995). However, nest records of these two species have not been documented prior to this study. The summer occurrence of two other northern species on the South Carolina side of the Chattooga River, Brown Creeper (Certhia americana) and Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) has not been previously recorded. Only a few summer records of the Blackburnian Warbler (Dendroica fusca) have been noted for the state. Extensive field observations were made by the author in the Chattooga River area of Georgia and South Carolina during the breeding seasons of 2000, 2002 and 2003 in order to verify breeding of bird species of northern affinities. -
Swainson's Thrush
Swainson’s Thrush Catharus ustulatus Account #: 8365 Species code: SWTH Band size: 1B Skull: 1 Nov (Small windows may remain indefinitely) Pyle: p397 Moult timing Sibley: p407 Moult Formative Definitive Basic 10 primaries (10th reduced) 9 secondaries 12 tail feathers Juvenile plumage is distinctive. Formative and basic plumages are very similar. The absence of moult limits is not easily discerned. Ageing Use moult limits to separate formative plumage from basic plumage. Tail shape may be reliable in some cases, but intermediates occur. P10 length may also be useful. Moult limit Formative Basic Juvenile feathers among the great- er coverts typically have buffy tips. Spots are generally larger on the innermost feathers. Spots become more subtle and may disappear when feathers are worn. Tail Shape Juvenile/Formative Basic The angle of the feather tip differs. Formative = 88° angle Basic = 109° angle Worn feathers may be misleading. Sexing Juvenile Formative Basic No known plumage methods. During the breeding season cloacal protuberance and brood patch are well developed. References: Collier & Wallace 1989, MacGill Bird Observatory, Morris & Bradley 2000, Pyle 1997, Tabular Pyle 2007. Images: David Hodkinson. Compiled by David Hodkinson, 12 December 2011; North American edition General editor: David Hodkinson - [email protected] 8365 Identification Similar species: Hermit Thrush, Grey-cheeked Thrush, Bicknell’s Thrush & Veery. Hermit Thrush Swainson’s Thrush P6 emargination P9 P9 Swainson’s - No emargination Hermit - Emarginated Grey-cheeked - Often emarginated Veery - Slight emargination P6 P6 Wing Formula Hermit: P9 < P6, Swainson’s, Grey-cheeked & Veery: P9 > P6 Hermit Thrush Swainson’s Thrush Back vs Tail colour Swainson’s - No contrast Hermit - Tail colour contrasts with back colour. -
Hermit Thrush (<Em>Catharus Guttatus</Em>) and Veery (<Em>C
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2010 Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests. Andrew J. Laughlin East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Laughlin, Andrew J., "Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests." (2010). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1695. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1695 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests __________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree Masters of Science in Biological Sciences _________________ by Andrew J. Laughlin May 2010 __________________ Dr. Fred J. Alsop III, Chair Dr. Istvan Karsai Dr. Thomas F. Laughlin Keywords: Birds, Habitat Partitioning, Principal Components Analysis ABSTRACT Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests by Andrew J. Laughlin The Hermit Thrush is a new breeding bird in the Southern Appalachian high-elevation mountains, having expanded its range southward over the last few decades. -
Catharus Fuscescens the Veery, Like Most Woodland Thrushes, Is More
Veery Catharus fuscescens The Veery, like most woodland thrushes, is more frequently heard than seen. Most bird ers are familiar with its veer alarm call. Its melodious song, a series of downward spiraling notes, rivals that of the Hermit Thrush. Veeries breed throughout Vermont; their range of accepted habitats overlaps that of all other thrushes except the Gray cheeked. Although accepting a nearly ubiq uitous array of breeding areas, in Connecti cut Veeries preferred moist sites (Berlin 1977) and, indeed, few swamps or moist son's thrushes in overlapping territories woodlands in the Northeast are unoccupied (D. P. Kibbe, pers. observ.). by Veeries. However, Vermont's greatest re The Veery's bulky nest is built on a thick corded breeding densities for the Veery-64 foundation of dead leaves, usually among to 91 pairs per 100 ha (26 to 37 pairs per saplings or in shrubbery on or near the lOa a)-have been found in habitat com ground. Three to 5 pale blue eggs are laid; posed of mixed forest and old fields in cen they are incubated for II to 12 days. Twenty tral Vermont (Nicholson 1973, 1975, 1978). three Vermont egg dates range from May 26 Dilger (195 6a) found that Veeries preferred to July 23, with a peak in early June. Nest disturbed (cutover) forests, presumably lings grow rapidly, and they may leave the because of dense undergrowth there. The nest in as few as 10 days. Nestlings have Veery's acceptance of varied habitat is not been found as early as June 10 and as late surprising in light of its geographic distri as July 6. -
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with Birds Observed Off-Campus During BIOL3400 Field Course
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with birds observed off-campus during BIOL3400 Field course Photo Credit: Talton Cooper Species Descriptions and Photos by students of BIOL3400 Edited by Troy A. Ladine Photo Credit: Kenneth Anding Links to Tables, Figures, and Species accounts for birds observed during May-term course or winter bird counts. Figure 1. Location of Environmental Studies Area Table. 1. Number of species and number of days observing birds during the field course from 2005 to 2016 and annual statistics. Table 2. Compilation of species observed during May 2005 - 2016 on campus and off-campus. Table 3. Number of days, by year, species have been observed on the campus of ETBU. Table 4. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during the off-campus trips. Table 5. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during a winter count of birds on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Table 6. Species observed from 1 September to 1 October 2009 on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Alphabetical Listing of Birds with authors of accounts and photographers . A Acadian Flycatcher B Anhinga B Belted Kingfisher Alder Flycatcher Bald Eagle Travis W. Sammons American Bittern Shane Kelehan Bewick's Wren Lynlea Hansen Rusty Collier Black Phoebe American Coot Leslie Fletcher Black-throated Blue Warbler Jordan Bartlett Jovana Nieto Jacob Stone American Crow Baltimore Oriole Black Vulture Zane Gruznina Pete Fitzsimmons Jeremy Alexander Darius Roberts George Plumlee Blair Brown Rachel Hastie Janae Wineland Brent Lewis American Goldfinch Barn Swallow Keely Schlabs Kathleen Santanello Katy Gifford Black-and-white Warbler Matthew Armendarez Jordan Brewer Sheridan A. -
Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers
Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Brandan L. Gray August 2019 © 2019 Brandan L. Gray. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers by BRANDAN L. GRAY has been approved for the Department of Biological Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences by Donald B. Miles Professor of Biological Sciences Florenz Plassmann Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT GRAY, BRANDAN L., Ph.D., August 2019, Biological Sciences Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers Director of Dissertation: Donald B. Miles In a rapidly changing world, species are faced with habitat alteration, changing climate and weather patterns, changing community interactions, novel resources, novel dangers, and a host of other natural and anthropogenic challenges. Conservationists endeavor to understand how changing ecology will impact local populations and local communities so efforts and funds can be allocated to those taxa/ecosystems exhibiting the greatest need. Ecological morphological and functional morphological research form the foundation of our understanding of selection-driven morphological evolution. Studies which identify and describe ecomorphological or functional morphological relationships will improve our fundamental understanding of how taxa respond to ecological selective pressures and will improve our ability to identify and conserve those aspects of nature unable to cope with rapid change. The New World wood warblers (family Parulidae) exhibit extensive taxonomic, behavioral, ecological, and morphological variation. -
Native Shoreland/Riparian Buffer Plantings for New Hampshire
Native Shoreland/Riparian Buffer Plantings for New Hampshire* * This list is referenced in Env-Wq 1400 (Shoreland Protection) as Appendix D Associated Birds and Mammals Common Growth Soil Latin Name Height Rooting Light Preference Habitat (Cover, Nesting or Food) Name(s) Rate Preference and Food Value Trees Wildlife: Pileated woodpecker, wood Rich woods, American Basswood Medium-Large Full/Part Shade duck, other birds; deer, rabbit, Tilia americana Moderate Deep Moist valleys, (American Linden) 60-100’ or Full Sun squirrel gentle slopes Food: Seeds, twigs Wildlife: Blue jay, chickadees, nuthatches, quail, ruffed grouse, Rich woods, tufted titmouse, wild turkey, wood Fagus Medium-Large Full/Part Shade or Dry or American Beech Slow Shallow well-drained duck, woodpeckers; bear, chipmunk, grandifolia 60-90’ Full Sun Moist lowlands deer, fox, porcupine, snowshoe hare, squirrel Food: Nuts, buds, sap Wildlife: Downy woodpecker, mockingbird, purple finch, ring- American Ostrya Small Full/Part Shade Dry or necked pheasant, rose-breasted Hophornbeam Slow Shallow Rich woods virginiana 20-40’ or Full Sun Moist grosbeak, ruffed grouse, wild turkey, (Ironwood) wood quail; deer, rabbit, squirrel Food: Nuts, buds, seeds Dry, Rich woods, American Hornbeam Wildlife: Quail, ruffed grouse, wood Carpinus Small/Shrubby Full/Part Shade or Moist, forested (Blue Slow Moderate duck; beaver, deer, squirrel caroliniana 20-40’ Full Sun Flood wetlands, ravines, Beech/Musclewood) Food: Seeds, buds Tolerant streambanks Wildlife: Bluebird, brown thrasher, Forested catbird, -
Avian Predation in a Declining Outbreak Population of the Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura Fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
insects Article Avian Predation in a Declining Outbreak Population of the Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Jacques Régnière 1,* , Lisa Venier 2 and Dan Welsh 3,† 1 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 rue du PEPS, Quebec City, QC G1V 4C7, Canada 2 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen St. E., Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada; [email protected] 3 Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] † Deceased. Simple Summary: Cages preventing access to birds were used to measure the rate of predation by birds in a spruce budworm population during the decline of an outbreak. Three species of budworm-feeding warblers were involved in this predation on larvae and pupae. It was found that bird predation is a very important source of mortality in declining spruce budworm populations, and that bird foraging behavior changes as budworm prey become rare at the end of the outbreak. Abstract: The impact of avian predation on a declining population of the spruce budworm, Cho- ristoneura fumifereana (Clem.), was measured using single-tree exclosure cages in a mature stand of balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.), and white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench.) Voss. Bird population Citation: Régnière, J.; Venier, L.; censuses and observations of foraging and nest-feeding activity were also made to determine the Welsh, D. Avian Predation in a response of budworm-linked warblers to decreasing food availability. Seasonal patterns of foraging. Declining Outbreak Population of the as well as foraging success in the declining prey population was compared to similar information Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura from birds observed in another stand where the spruce budworm population was rising. -
The Birds of New York State
__ Common Goldeneye RAILS, GALLINULES, __ Baird's Sandpiper __ Black-tailed Gull __ Black-capped Petrel Birds of __ Barrow's Goldeneye AND COOTS __ Little Stint __ Common Gull __ Fea's Petrel __ Smew __ Least Sandpiper __ Short-billed Gull __ Cory's Shearwater New York State __ Clapper Rail __ Hooded Merganser __ White-rumped __ Ring-billed Gull __ Sooty Shearwater __ King Rail © New York State __ Common Merganser __ Virginia Rail Sandpiper __ Western Gull __ Great Shearwater Ornithological __ Red-breasted __ Corn Crake __ Buff-breasted Sandpiper __ California Gull __ Manx Shearwater Association Merganser __ Sora __ Pectoral Sandpiper __ Herring Gull __ Audubon's Shearwater Ruddy Duck __ Semipalmated __ __ Iceland Gull __ Common Gallinule STORKS Sandpiper www.nybirds.org GALLINACEOUS BIRDS __ American Coot __ Lesser Black-backed __ Wood Stork __ Northern Bobwhite __ Purple Gallinule __ Western Sandpiper Gull FRIGATEBIRDS DUCKS, GEESE, SWANS __ Wild Turkey __ Azure Gallinule __ Short-billed Dowitcher __ Slaty-backed Gull __ Magnificent Frigatebird __ Long-billed Dowitcher __ Glaucous Gull __ Black-bellied Whistling- __ Ruffed Grouse __ Yellow Rail BOOBIES AND GANNETS __ American Woodcock Duck __ Spruce Grouse __ Black Rail __ Great Black-backed Gull __ Brown Booby __ Wilson's Snipe __ Fulvous Whistling-Duck __ Willow Ptarmigan CRANES __ Sooty Tern __ Northern Gannet __ Greater Prairie-Chicken __ Spotted Sandpiper __ Bridled Tern __ Snow Goose __ Sandhill Crane ANHINGAS __ Solitary Sandpiper __ Least Tern __ Ross’s Goose __ Gray Partridge -
Experimental Removal of Strong and Weak Predators: Mice and Chipmunks Preying on Songbird Nests
Ecology, 82(10), 2001, pp. 2927±2936 q 2001 by the Ecological Society of America EXPERIMENTAL REMOVAL OF STRONG AND WEAK PREDATORS: MICE AND CHIPMUNKS PREYING ON SONGBIRD NESTS K. A. SCHMIDT,1 J. R. GOHEEN,2 R. NAUMANN,R.S.OSTFELD,E.M.SCHAUBER, AND ALAN BERKOWITZ Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, New York 12545 USA Abstract. We examined the effects of separate removal experiments of two generalist consumers, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) and the eastern chipmunk (Tam- ias striatus), on nest predation rates of forest songbirds. Mice are numerically dominant at our study sites and were shown to be strong predators in other predator±prey interactions, such as those involving gypsy moths. Therefore, we hypothesized that removal of mice would result in decreased levels of nest predation relative to control treatments with a complete predator assemblage, but that the removal of chipmunks would not result in decreased nest predation. Both hypotheses were supported. Mice depredated .60% of arti®cial nests in control plots (mouse populations intact), whereas chipmunks depredated ;20%. Daily nest mortality rates in mouse removal treatments were less than half the rates in controls but were virtually identical between chipmunk removal and control treatments. Nonetheless, when we examined predation rates across plots in which the density of mice varied naturally, total daily mortality rates declined as the density of mice increased. This pattern occurred because mortality from non-mouse predators decreased as the density of mice increased and overwhelmed increasing mortality from mice to drive the overall dy- namics of the system. -
Native & Naturalized Shoreland Plantings for New Hampshire
Native Shoreland/Riparian Buffer Plantings for New Hampshire* * This list is referenced in Env-Wq 1400 Shoreland Protection as Appendix D Common Growth Light Soil Associated Birds and Mammals Latin Name Height Rooting Habitat Name(s) Rate Preference Preference (Cover, Nesting or Food) and Food Value Trees American Basswood Rich woods, valleys, Wildlife: Pileated woodpecker, wood duck, Medium-Large Full/Part Shade (American Linden) Tilia americana Moderate Deep Moist gentle slopes other birds; deer, rabbit, squirrel 60-100’ or Full Sun Food: Seeds, twigs Wildlife: Blue jay, chickadees, nuthatches, quail, ruffed grouse, tufted titmouse, wild Fagus Medium-Large Full/Part Shade Rich woods, turkey, wood duck, woodpeckers; bear, American Beech Slow Shallow Dry or Moist grandifolia 60-90’ or Full Sun well-drained lowlands chipmunk, deer, fox, porcupine, snowshoe hare, squirrel Food: Nuts, buds, sap Wildlife: Downy woodpecker, mockingbird, American purple finch, ring-necked pheasant, rose- Ostrya Small Full/Part Shade Hophornbeam Slow Shallow Dry or Moist Rich woods breasted grosbeak, ruffed grouse, wild turkey, virginiana 20-40’ or Full Sun wood quail; deer, rabbit, squirrel (Ironwood) Food: Nuts, buds, seeds Rich woods, forested Wildlife: Quail, ruffed grouse, wood duck; American Hornbeam Carpinus Small/Shrubby Full/Part Shade Dry, Moist, Flood (Blue Slow Moderate wetlands, ravines, beaver, deer, squirrel caroliniana 20-40’ or Full Sun Tolerant Beech/Musclewood) streambanks Food: Seeds, buds Wildlife: Bluebird, brown thrasher, catbird, American -
Bird-Species-And-Habitat-A.Pdf
[ Birds Component l Introduction Please note that this section and the Birds Appendix, excluding the habitat map, are copyright protected (Copyright© Ryan Mays, 2013. All rights reserved). Ryan Mays was very generous with his time and expertise in drafting material for the purposes of this conservation pion in the fall of 201 3. This section lists priority bird species documented on the property. The Birds Appendix describes all bird species known by the author to have been recorded at Mountain lake and the immediate vicinity. The Appendix also includes o References section for all citations found in this section and in the Birds Appendix. The Mountain lake Conservancy and lodge property (the property) is characterized by high el1vation forests that support diverse biotic communities similar to those in Canada and the northern United States. Bird populations on Salt Pond Mountain ore closely associated with topographical and altitudinal variation and hove been studied there and in other parts of the Mountain lake region for over a century by many observers (e.g. Kessler and Larner 1984; Johnston 2000). Although much of the region was logged starting around the turn of the nineteenth century, small tracts of the or.iginol forest escaped destruction and hove remained relatively undisturbed into modern times. The range in elevation of approximately 600m between the summit and base of Solt Pond Mountain allows for much diversity in both floral and faunal communities including the birds described in this pion. Bird Habits on the Property Ryon Mays identifies four general • ?~.)/· ■ types of bird habitat on the • ' "'4 • property.