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Unit 1 - Ap Us Reader UNIT 1 - AP US READER Mayflower Compact (I\lovember 11, 1620)......................................................................................... 1 "Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress," Howard Zinn.......................................................... 2-5 Sample FRQs.............................................................................................................................................. 6 (pkt) f. FRQ rubric c;;;.c'..:................................................... 7 ,.~ . ....:.",! Slavery in Colonial America ·................................................................. 8-13 ..t A Midwife's Tale excerpt (the diary of Martha Ballard)...................................................................... 14 (pkt) Salem WitEh Trials documents ::: -................................................. 15 (pkt) Colonial Map Analysis............................................................................................................................... 16-21 Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, Jonathan Edwards (1741)...................................................... 22-23 ~33 D~~ aq Plantation Covenants ients, 1584-1660: Legal Foundations and Rhode Island were more elaborate. s cifying the details of the organi arts and Parcels of the Premises, to any erson or Persons tion of government as well as the distri tion and limitations of power I ch in ase the same, as they shall think conv nient, to have and the manner of modern constituti s. The first of these-reputed the first me Person or Persons willing to tak r purchase the same, written constitution to create government-was the Fundame al Orders of eir Heirs and Assigns, in Fee-s' pIe, or Fee-tail, or for Connecticut, adopted by th reemen of the Connecticui tow on January 14, ives or Years; to hold of the af esaid now Baron of Balti­ 1639. On the nature and:e ignificance of these early cOllen ts, see the provoca­ l and Assigns, by so many, uch, and so great Services, tive comments in H nah Arendt. On Revolution 963). Also helpful is ents of this Kind, as to the arne now Baron of Baltimore, Benjamin F. Wri t. Jr .. "The Eorly History 0 Written Constitutions in .ssigns, shall seem fit and greeable.... America," in C I Wittke (ed.), Essays in Hi ory and Political Theory in do give and grant Lice e to the same Baron of Baltimore, Honor of Ch es Howard McIlwain (1936) 'ges 344-371. s, to erect any Parce of Land within the Province afore­ ors, and in every 0 those Manors, to have and to hold a nd all Things whi to a Court Baron do belong; and t ~ A 0 MAY FL OWERe 0 M PAC T (N 0 V. 1 1 I 1 6 2 0) ep View of Fran -Pledge, for the Conservation of the Pe e ernment of tho e Parts, by themselves and their Stew. rds, IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We, 'whose names are underwritten, the ds, for the me being to be deputed, of other those LOyal SUtljMis or our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of they shall constituted, and in the same to e rcise all God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, De~of the Fqith,/ 'iew of Fran Pledge belong.... &c. Havin undertaken for the Glor and Advancement of the We will, and do, by these Presents, for Us, Christian Faith, an the Honour of our King and Country, a oyage to 'enant and grant to, and with the aforesai now Baron of pfant the first Colony in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do by these Heirs and Assigns, that We, our Heirs and Successors, Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence of God and one another, drafter, will impose, or make or cause 0 be imposed any covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our ustoms, or other Taxations, Quotas, 0 Contributions what­ better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid: oon the Residents or Inhabitants of e Province aforesaid And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal l, Lands, or Tenements within the same Province, or upon Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Officers, from time to time, as l, Lands, Goods or Chattels wit n the Province aforesaid, shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general Good of the my Goods or Merchandizes wi in the Province aforesaid, Colony; unto which we promise all due S~missiQrj and Qbe~e. IN Ports or Harbors of the said rovince, to be laden or un­ WITNESS whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape.Cod the eleventh of November, in the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland, the fifty­ fourth, Anno Domini, 1620. MR. JOHN CARVER, MR. SAMUEL FULLER, EDWARD TILLY, MR. WILLIAM BRADFORD, MR. CHRISTOPHER MARTIN, JOHN TILLY, MR. EDWARD WINSLOW, MR. WILLIAM MULLINS, FRANCIS COOKE, MR. WILLIAM BREWSTER, MR. WILLIAM WHITE, THOMAS ROGERS, ISAAC ALLERTON, MR. RICHARD WARREN, THOMAS TINKER, MYLES STANDISH, JOHN HOWLAND, JOHN RIDGDALE, • ,.. JOHN ALDEN, MR. STEVEN HOPKINS, EDWARD FULLER, venants JOHN TURNER, DIGERY PRIEST, RICHARD CLARK, FRANCIS EATON, THOMAS WILLIAMS, RICHARD GARDINER, ements were made. however, by colonists wh either, like the JAMESCHILTON, GILBERT WINSLOW, MR. JOHN ALLERTON, ied and failed to obtain a charter or, like t e settlers of Can­ JOHN CRAXTON, EDMUND MARGESSON, THOMAS ENGLISH, hode Island, had ventured out on their own from an older JOHN BILLINGTON, PETER BROWN, EDWARD DOTEN, legitimacy to their proceedings and to e ablish sufficient order JOSES FLETCHER, RICHARD BRITTERIDGE, EDWARD LIESTER. to live together in peace until they co ld obtain charters, they JOHN GOODMAN, GEORGE SOULE, -enants among themselves in which ey agreed to bind them­ iy politic and mutually promised 0 obey Its laws. The first of '" Reprinted in full from Francis Newton Thorpe (ed.) , Federal and State .n covenants" was the Mayflow. I' Compact, adopted by the Constitutions. Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws (7 vols., 1909), vol. III, p, 1841. nouthe on November 11, 1620. ater covenants in Conn.ecticut ., "Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress" excerpted from A People's History ofthe United States by Howard Zinn Aralilu men and women, naked, tawny, and full ofwonder, emerged from their villages onto the island's beaches and swam out to get a closer look at the strange big boat. When Columbus and his sailors came ashore, carrying swords, speaking oddly, the Arawaks ran to greet them, brought them food, water, gifts. He later wrote ofthis in his log: --"-'fhey... brought us parrots and balls ofcotton and .spears and many other things, which they exchanged for the glass-beads and hawks' bells. They willingly traded everything they owned.... They were well-built, with good .bcdies.and handsome.features' ... They do n-ot bear arms, and do not.know them, for I showed them a sword, they took it by the edge 'and cut themselves out ofignorance. They have no iron. Their spears"are made of PfJp~.... Th~y wqW1 make fine servants.... With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want: ... These Arawaks ofthe BahamaIslands were much like Indians on the mainland, who were remarkable (European observers were to say again and again) for their hospitality, their belief in sharing. These traits did not stand out in the Europ~ ofthe Renaissance, dominated as it was by the religion ofpopes, the government of kings, the frenzy for money that marked Western civilization and its first messenger to the Americas, Christopher Columbus. Columbus wrote: "As soon as I arrived in the Indies, on the first Island which I found, I took some ofthe natives by force in order that they might learn and might give me information ofwhatever there is in these parts." The information that Columbus wanted most was: Where is the gold? **** The Indians, Columbus reported, "are so naive and so free with their possessions that no one who has not witnessed them would believe it. When you ask for something they have, they never say no. To the contrary, they offer to share with anyone.... II He concluded his report by asking for a little help from their Majesties, and in return he would bring them from his next voyage lias much gold as they need ... and as many slaves as they ask." He was full ofreligious talk: "Thus the eternal God, our Lord, gives victory to those who follow His way over apparent impossibilities. " Because ofColumbus's exaggerated report and promises, his second expedition was given seventeen ships and more than twelve hundred men. The aim was clear: slaves and gold. They went from island to island in the Caribbean, taking Indians as captives. But as word spread ofthe Europeans' intent they found more and more empty villages. On Haiti, they found that the sailors left behind at Fort Navidad had been killed in a battle with the Indians, after they had roamed the island in gangs looking for gold, taking women and children as slaves for sex and labor. Now, from his base on Haiti, Columbus sent expedition after expedition into the interior. They found no gold fields, but had to fill up the ships returning to Spain with some kind ofdividend. In the year 1495, they went on a great slave raid, rounded up fifteen hundred Arawak men, women, and children, put them in pens guarded by Spaniards and dogs, then picked the five hundred best specimens to load onto ships. Ofthose five hundred, two hundred died en route. The rest arrived alive in Spain and were put up for sale by the archdeacon ofthe town, who reported that, although the slaves were "naked as the day they were born," they showed "no more em~IfJ"'lment than animals." Columbus later wrote: "Let us in the name ofthe Holy Trinity go on sending all the 81aves that can be sold. " But too many ofthe slaves died in captivity. And so Columbus, desperate to pay back dividends to those who had invested, had to make good his promise to fill the ships with gold.
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