Criminal Law Act 1967
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Criminal Law Reform with the Hon Jarrod Bleijie
The Great Leap Backward: Criminal Law Reform with the Hon Jarrod Bleijie Andrew Trotter∗ and Harry Hobbs† Abstract On 3 April 2012, the Honourable Member for Kawana, Jarrod Bleijie MP, was sworn in as Attorney-General for Queensland and Minister for Justice. In the period that followed, Queensland’s youngest Attorney-General since Sir Samuel Griffith in 1874 has implemented substantial reforms to the criminal law as part of a campaign to ‘get tough on crime’. Those reforms have been heavily and almost uniformly criticised by the profession, the judiciary and the academy. This article places the reforms in their historical context to illustrate that together they constitute a great leap backward that unravels centuries of gradual reform calculated to improve the state of human rights in criminal justice. I Introduction Human rights in the criminal law were in a fairly dire state in the Middle Ages.1 Offenders were branded with the letters of their crime to announce it to the public, until that practice was replaced in part by the large scarlet letters worn by some criminals by 1364.2 The presumption of innocence, although developed in its earliest forms in Ancient Rome, does not appear to have crystallised into a recognisable form until 1470.3 During the 16th and 17th centuries, it was common to charge the families of a prisoner sentenced to death a fee for their execution, but ∗ BA LLB (Hons) QUT; Solicitor, Doogue O’Brien George. † BA LLB (Hons) ANU; Human Rights Legal and Policy Adviser, ACT Human Rights Commission. The authors thank Professor the Hon William Gummow AC for his helpful comments on earlier drafts and the editors and anonymous reviewers for their assistance in the final stages. -
Reconciling Ireland's Bail Laws with Traditional Irish Constitutional Values
Reconciling Ireland's Bail Laws with Traditional Irish Constitutional Values Kate Doran Thesis Offered for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Law Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences University of Limerick Supervisor: Prof. Paul McCutcheon Submitted to the University of Limerick, November 2014 Abstract Title: Reconciling Ireland’s Bail Laws with Traditional Irish Constitutional Values Author: Kate Doran Bail is a device which provides for the pre-trial release of a criminal defendant after security has been taken for the defendant’s future appearance at trial. Ireland has traditionally adopted a liberal approach to bail. For example, in The People (Attorney General) v O’Callaghan (1966), the Supreme Court declared that the sole purpose of bail was to secure the attendance of the accused at trial and that the refusal of bail on preventative detention grounds amounted to a denial of the presumption of innocence. Accordingly, it would be unconstitutional to deny bail to an accused person as a means of preventing him from committing further offences while awaiting trial. This purist approach to the right to bail came under severe pressure in the mid-1990s from police, prosecutorial and political forces which, in turn, was a response to a media generated panic over the perceived increase over the threat posed by organised crime and an associated growth in ‘bail banditry’. A constitutional amendment effectively neutralising the effects of the O'Callaghan jurisprudence was adopted in 1996. This was swiftly followed by the Bail Act 1997 which introduced the concept of preventative detention (in the bail context) into Irish law. -
Chapter 8 Criminal Conduct Offences
Chapter 8 Criminal conduct offences Page Index 1-8-1 Introduction 1-8-2 Chapter structure 1-8-2 Transitional guidance 1-8-2 Criminal conduct - section 42 – Armed Forces Act 2006 1-8-5 Violence offences 1-8-6 Common assault and battery - section 39 Criminal Justice Act 1988 1-8-6 Assault occasioning actual bodily harm - section 47 Offences against the Persons Act 1861 1-8-11 Possession in public place of offensive weapon - section 1 Prevention of Crime Act 1953 1-8-15 Possession in public place of point or blade - section 139 Criminal Justice Act 1988 1-8-17 Dishonesty offences 1-8-20 Theft - section 1 Theft Act 1968 1-8-20 Taking a motor vehicle or other conveyance without authority - section 12 Theft Act 1968 1-8-25 Making off without payment - section 3 Theft Act 1978 1-8-29 Abstraction of electricity - section 13 Theft Act 1968 1-8-31 Dishonestly obtaining electronic communications services – section 125 Communications Act 2003 1-8-32 Possession or supply of apparatus which may be used for obtaining an electronic communications service - section 126 Communications Act 2003 1-8-34 Fraud - section 1 Fraud Act 2006 1-8-37 Dishonestly obtaining services - section 11 Fraud Act 2006 1-8-41 Miscellaneous offences 1-8-44 Unlawful possession of a controlled drug - section 5 Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 1-8-44 Criminal damage - section 1 Criminal Damage Act 1971 1-8-47 Interference with vehicles - section 9 Criminal Attempts Act 1981 1-8-51 Road traffic offences 1-8-53 Careless and inconsiderate driving - section 3 Road Traffic Act 1988 1-8-53 Driving -
Criminal Code 2003.Pmd 273 11/27/2004, 12:35 PM 274 No
273 No. 9 ] Criminal Code [2004. SAINT LUCIA ______ No. 9 of 2004 ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS CHAPTER ONE General Provisions PART I PRELIMINARY Section 1. Short title 2. Commencement 3. Application of Code 4. General construction of Code 5. Common law procedure to apply where necessary 6. Interpretation PART II JUSTIFICATIONS AND EXCUSES 7. Claim of right 8. Consent by deceit or duress void 9. Consent void by incapacity 10. Consent by mistake of fact 11. Consent by exercise of undue authority 12. Consent by person in authority not given in good faith 13. Exercise of authority 14. Explanation of authority 15. Invalid consent not prejudicial 16. Extent of justification 17. Consent to fight cannot justify harm 18. Consent to killing unjustifiable 19. Consent to harm or wound 20. Medical or surgical treatment must be proper 21. Medical or surgical or other force to minors or others in custody 22. Use of force, where person unable to consent 23. Revocation annuls consent 24. Ignorance or mistake of fact criminal code 2003.pmd 273 11/27/2004, 12:35 PM 274 No. 9 ] Criminal Code [2004. 25. Ignorance of law no excuse 26. Age of criminal responsibility 27. Presumption of mental disorder 28. Intoxication, when an excuse 29. Aider may justify same force as person aided 30. Arrest with or without process for crime 31. Arrest, etc., other than for indictable offence 32. Bona fide assistant and correctional officer 33. Bona fide execution of defective warrant or process 34. Reasonable use of force in self-defence 35. Defence of property, possession of right 36. -
Richard Hooker, “That Saint-Like Man”, En Zijn Strijd Op Twee Fronten
Richard Hooker, “that saint-like man”, en zijn strijd op twee fronten Dr. Chris de Jong Renaissance, Humanisme en de Reformatie hebben in Europa een intellectuele, politieke en godsdienstige aardverschuiving veroorzaakt, die geen enkel aspect van de samenleving onberoerd liet. Toen na ongeveer anderhalve eeuw het stof was neergeslagen (1648 Vrede van Westfalen, 1660 Restauratie in Engeland), was Europa onherkenbaar veranderd. Het Protestantse noorden had zich ontworsteld aan de heerschappij van het Rooms-Katholieke zuiden. Dit raakte de meest uiteenlopende zaken: landsgrenzen waren opnieuw getrokken, dynastieke verhoudingen waren gewijzigd, politieke invloedssferen gefragmenteerd als nooit tevoren en het zwaartepunt van de Europese economie was definitief verschoven van de noordelijke oevers van de Middellandse Zee naar Duitsland en de Noordzeekusten. De door Maarten Luther in 1517 in gang gezette Reformatie heeft de eenheid van godsdienst, cultuur, taal en filosofie grotendeels doen verdwijnen. Dat niet alleen, de verbrokkeling en uitholling van het eens zo machtige Rooms-Katholieke geestelijke imperium, die al in de Middeleeuwen begonnen waren, hebben mede de omstandigheden geschapen waardoor vanaf het midden van de zeventiende eeuw een nieuwe intellectuele beweging Europa kon overspoelen: de Verlichting. In Engeland werd de omwenteling in 1534 (Act of Supremacy) in gang gezet door Koning Hendrik VIII (*1491; r. 1509-1547), een conservatief in godsdienstige zaken die niets van Luther moest hebben. Bijgestaan door de onvermoeibare “patron of preaching” Thomas Cromwell (1485-1540) zegde hij in deze 16de eeuwse Brexit de gehoorzaamheid aan Rome op en maakte zo de weg vrij voor een wereldwijde economische en politieke expansie van Engeland. Ook met de vorming van een zelfstandige Engelse nationale kerk koos Hendrik zijn eigen koers, welk beleid na zijn dood na een korte onderbreking werd voortgezet door zijn dochter, Koningin Elizabeth I (*1533; r. -
New Religious Movements
New Religious Movements New Religious Movements: Challenge and response is a searching and wide-ranging collection of essays on the contemporary phenomenon of new religions. The contributors to this volume are all established specialists in the sociology, theology, law, or the history of new minority movements. The primary focus is the response of the basic institutions of society to the challenge which new religious movements represent. The orientation of this volume is to examine the way in which new movements in general have affected modern society in areas such as economic organisation; the operation of the law; the role of the media; the relationship of so-called ‘cult’ membership to mental health; and the part which women have played in leading or supporting new movements. Specific instances of these relationships are illustrated by reference to many of the most prominent new religions – Hare Krishna, The Brahma Kumaris, The Unification Church, The Jesus Army, The Family’, The Church of Scientology, and Wicca. For students of religion or sociology, New Religious Movements is an invaluable source of information, an example of penetrating analysis, and a series of thought-provoking contributions to a debate which affects many areas of contemporary life in many parts of the world. Contributors: Eileen Barker, James Beckford, Anthony Bradney, Colin Campbell, George Chryssides, Peter Clarke, Paul Heelas, Massimo Introvigne, Lawrence Lilliston, Gordon Melton, Elizabeth Puttick, Gary Shepherd, Colin Slee, Frank Usarski, Bryan Wilson. Bryan Wilson is an Emeritus Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. He is the author and editor of several books on sects and New Religious Movements. -
Marshall Islands Consolidated Legislation
Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] http://www.paclii.org/mh/legis/consol_act/cc94/ Home | Databases | WorldLII | Search | Feedback Marshall Islands Consolidated Legislation You are here: PacLII >> Databases >> Marshall Islands Consolidated Legislation >> Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] Database Search | Name Search | Noteup | Download | Help Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] 31 MIRC Ch 1 MARSHALL ISLANDS REVISED CODE 2004 TITLE 31. - CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS CHAPTER 1. CRIMINAL CODE ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS Section PART I - GENERAL PROVISIONS §101 . Short title. §102 . Classification of crimes. §103. Definitions, Burden of Proof; General principles of liability; Requirements of culpability. §104 . Accessories. §105 . Attempts. §106 . Insanity. §107 . Presumption as to responsibility of children. §108 . Limitation of prosecution. §109. Limitation of punishment for crimes in violation of native customs. PART II - ABUSE OF PROCESS §110 . Interference with service of process. §111 .Concealment, removal or alteration of record or process. PART III - ARSON §112 . Defined; punishment. PART IV - ASSAULT AND BATTERY §113 . Assault. §114 . Aggravated assault. §115 . Assault and battery. §116 . Assault and battery with a dangerous weapon. 1 of 37 25/08/2011 14:51 Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] http://www.paclii.org/mh/legis/consol_act/cc94/ PART V - BIGAMY §117 . Defined; punishment. PART VI - BRIBERY §118 . Defined; punishment. PART VII - BURGLARY §119. Defined; punishment. PART VIII - CONSPIRACY §120 . Defined, punishment. PART IX – COUNTERFEITING §121 . Defined; punishment. PART X - DISTURBANCES, RIOTS, AND OTHER CRIMES AGAINST THE PEACE §122 . Disturbing the peace. §123 . Riot. §124. Drunken and disorderly conduct. §125 . Affray. §126 . Security to keep the peace. PART XI - ESCAPE AND RESCUE §127. Escape. -
A Review of the United Kingdom's
A REVIEW OF THE UNITED KINGDOM’S EXTRADITION ARRANGEMENTS (Following Written Ministerial Statement by the Secretary of State for the Home Department of 8 September 2010) Presented to the Home Secretary on 30 September 2011 This report is also available online at http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/ ~ 2 ~ The Rt Hon Sir Scott Baker was called to the Bar in 1961, and practised in a range of legal areas, including criminal law and professional negligence. He became a Recorder in 1976 and was appointed as a High Court judge in 1988. In 1999, he presided over the trial of Great Western Trains following the Southall rail crash in 1997 and in the same year was the judge who tried Jonathan Aitken. He was the lead judge of the Administrative Court between 2000 and 2002 when he was appointed a Lord Justice of Appeal, presiding over the inquests into the deaths of Princess Diana and Dodi Al Fayed. He also sat regularly in the Divisional Court hearing appeals and judicial reviews in extradition cases. He retired in 2010 and is currently a Surveillance Commissioner, a member of the Bermuda Court of Appeal and a member of the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority. David Perry QC is a barrister and joint head of chambers at 6 King’s Bench Walk, Temple. From 1991 to 1997, Mr Perry was one of the Standing Counsel to the Department of Trade and Industry. From 1997 to 2001, he was Junior Treasury Counsel to the Crown at the Central Criminal Court and Senior Treasury Counsel from 2001 until 2006, when he took silk. -
Difficulties with Drug Conspiracies in Singapore: Can You Conspire to Traffic Drugs to Yourself?
UCLA UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal Title Difficulties With Drug Conspiracies in Singapore: Can You Conspire to Traffic Drugs to Yourself? Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/30x226bn Journal UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 37(1) Author Yang, Kenny Publication Date 2020 DOI 10.5070/P8371048805 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California DIFFICULTIES WITH DRUG CONSPIRACIES IN SINGAPORE: Can You Conspire to Traffic Drugs to Yourself? Kenny Yang Abstract If Person A delivers drugs to Person B at the latter’s request, Person A is liable for drug trafficking—a serious offense in many jurisdictions. However, the liability of Person B for drug trafficking is unclear as much may depend on Person B’s intention with the drugs. The Singaporean Courts recently had to grapple with this issue in Liew Zheng Yang v. Public Prosecutor and Ali bin Mohamad Bahashwan v. Public Prosecu- tor and other appeals. Prior to these two cases, the position in Singapore was clear—Person B should be liable for drug trafficking as an accessory to Person A, in line with Singapore’s strong stance against drug offenses. However, since these cases, the Singaporean Courts have taken a con- trary position and held that Person B may not be liable if the drugs were for his/her own consumption. This Article examines the law with respect to this drug conspiracy offense in Singapore, looking at its history, the primary legislation and similar cases. It also scrutinizes the judicial reasoning in the two cases above and considers whether this can be reconciled with the Courts’ prior position on the issue. -
Choctaw Nation Criminal Code
Choctaw Nation Criminal Code Table of Contents Part I. In General ........................................................................................................................ 38 Chapter 1. Preliminary Provisions ............................................................................................ 38 Section 1. Title of code ............................................................................................................. 38 Section 2. Criminal acts are only those prescribed ................................................................... 38 Section 3. Crime and public offense defined ............................................................................ 38 Section 4. Crimes classified ...................................................................................................... 38 Section 5. Felony defined .......................................................................................................... 39 Section 6. Misdemeanor defined ............................................................................................... 39 Section 7. Objects of criminal code .......................................................................................... 39 Section 8. Conviction must precede punishment ...................................................................... 39 Section 9. Punishment of felonies ............................................................................................. 39 Section 10. Punishment of misdemeanor ................................................................................. -
The Constitutional Prohibition on Imposing Religious Observances
THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROHIBITION ON IMPOSING RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES LUKE B ECK* This article provides the first thorough analysis of the religious observances clause of the Australian Constitution, which provides: ‘The Commonwealth shall not make any law … for imposing any religious observance.’ The article explains the origins of the clause and the mischiefs it aimed to prohibit, and presents a doctrinal account of the meaning and operation of the clause informed by the relevant history. The article begins by examining the social and political background to the drafting of the religious observances and its drafting history at the Australasian Federal Convention of 1897–98. The article then presents a doctrinal analysis of the meaning and operation of the religious observances clause by drawing on insights from the legislative histories of compulsory religious observance in the United Kingdom and colonial Australia. CONTENTS I Introduction .............................................................................................................. 494 II The Political and Social Background to the Religious Observances Clause .... 495 III Drafting History of the Religious Observances Clause ...................................... 500 A The Argument Advanced at the Convention for Section 116 ............... 501 B The Development of the Language of Section 116 at the Convention 502 IV The Convention’s Discussion of the Meaning of the Religious Observances Clause ................................................................................................ -
Concealment of Birth: Time to Repeal a 200-Year-Old “Convenient Stop-Gap”?
University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk Faculty of Arts and Humanities School of Society and Culture 2019-07 Concealment of Birth: Time to Repeal a 200-Year-Old "Convenient Stop-Gap"? Milne, E http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/15651 10.1007/s10691-019-09401-6 Feminist Legal Studies Springer Science and Business Media LLC All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. Concealment of birth: time to repeal a 200-year-old “convenient stop-gap”? Introduction The criminal offence of concealment of birth (concealment) prohibits the secret disposal of the dead body of a child in order to conceal knowledge of that child’s birth under English and Welsh criminal law.1 Most prosecutions are of women who have concealed or denied their pregnancy, then given birth alone, with the child dying around the time of birth, and the woman disposing of the body without informing another person of the existence of the child. The offence is closely connected to newborn infant homicide and defendants are often suspected of being responsible for the child’s death. While the offence can be committed by anyone, the defendant is most often the birth mother.2 The offence is rarely prosecuted with only four convictions between 2010 and 2014 (Milne 2017), and since 2002 only one person has received an immediate custodial sentence.3 However, despite the small number of convictions and nature of the sentence, the offence is significant, particularly when analysed from a feminist perspective.