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Small Unit Movement Formations

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Small Unit Movement Formations Enabling Learning Objective Show-Me GOLD Program ELO 1 Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD ACTION: Determine the purpose of Fire Team formations. CONDITION: Given an instructor and prescribed manuals. STANDARD: IAW 3-0 Unified Land Operations, FM 3-21.8 The Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad, and FM 3-21.10 The Infantry Rifle Company. Achieve a minimum passing score of 80% in overall testing. “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD ACTION: Identify Movement Formations and Techniques . CONDITION: Given an instructor, classroom, and SMALL UNIT MOVEMENT prescribed manuals. FORMATIONS STANDARD: IAW ADRP 3-0 Unified Land Operations, FM 3-21.8 The Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad, and FM 3-21.10 The Infantry Rifle Company. Achieve a minimum passing score of 80% in overall testing. “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” THE FIRE TEAM COMPONENT Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD THE INFANTRYMAN: Supervises, leads, or serves as a member of an infantry activity that employs individual or crew served weapons in support of offensive and defensive combat operations Most infantry operates in "Fire Teams" of three to four men, with two or three such teams to squad. When attacking, each man in the team has a specific job. 1) Fire team leaders control the fire of their soldiers by using standard fire commands (initial and supplemental) containing the following elements: Alert, Direction, Description, Range, Method of fire (manipulation and rate of fire), and command to commence firing 2) The Automatic Rifleman (or light machine gunner) tries to pin the enemy down. 3) The Grenadier (armed, usually, with an M203 or the equivalent) does two things: helps the automatic rifleman isolate the enemy position, and looks for an opening to shoot a RISK ASSESSMENT grenade at it. 4) One or two men, under cover of the Automatic Rifleman and Grenadier, attempt to close with ENVIRONMENTAL the enemy position and kill the enemy. “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” 1 THE FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS FIRE TEAM FILE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TEAM LEADER • WEDGE AND FILE AUTOMATIC • USED FOR CONTROL FLEXIBILITY AND SECURITY RIFLEMAN • LEADERS ARE UP FRONT IN THE FORMATION WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO LEAD BY EXAMPLE. “FOLLOW ME AND DO AS I DO. ” GRENADIER • ALL SOLDIERS IN THE TEAM MUST BE ABLE TO SEE THE LEADER RIFLEMAN • USED WHEN THE TERRAIN PRECLUDES THE USE OF THE WEDGE “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” WEDGE FORMATION COMPARISON OF FIRE TEAM FORMATIONS Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD • IS THE BASIC FORMATION FOR THE FIRE TEAM CHARACTERISTICS • THE INTERVAL BETWEEN SOLDIERS IS NORMALLY 10 MOVEMENT WHEN METERS FORMATION NORMALLY FIRE CAPABILITIES / USED CONTROL FLEXIBILITY RESTRICTIONS SECURITY • EXPANDS AND CONTRACTS DEPENDING ON TERRAIN • WHEN ROUGH TERRAIN AND POOR VISIBILITY OR OTHER FACTORS FIRE TEAM BASIC FIRE EASY GOOD ALLOWS IMMEDIATE GOOD WEDGE TEAM FIRES IN ALL MAKE CONTROL OF THE WEDGE DIFFICULT FORMATION DIRECTIONS - NORMAL INTERVAL IS REDUCED SO THAT THE TEAM LEADER CAN SEE HIS OR HER SQUAD FIRE TEAM CLOSE TERRAIN EASIEST LESS ALLOWS IMMEDIATE LEAST FILE DENSE VEGETAT- FLEXIBLE FIRES TO THE FLANKS. - THE SIDES OF THE WEDGE CAN CONTRACT TO IONS, LIMITED THAN THE MASK MOST FIRES TO VISIBILITY WEDGE THE REAR THE POINT WHERE THE WEDGE RESEMBLES A FILE CONDITIONS • WHEN MOVING IN LESS RUGGED TERRAIN WHERE CONTROL IS EASIER, SOLDIERS EXPAND OR RESUME THEIR ORIGINAL POSITIONS “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” FIRE TEAM WEDGE Enabling Learning Objective ELO 2 Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TEAM LEADER TEAM LEADER ACTION: Determine the purpose of Squad formations. CONDITION: Given an instructor and prescribed manuals. STANDARD: IAW 3-0 Unified Land Operations, FM 3-21.8 The AUTOMATIC GRENADIER AUTOMATIC GRENADIER RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad, and FM 3-21.10 The Infantry Rifle Company. Achieve a minimum passing score of 80% in overall testing. RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” 2 SQUAD FORMATIONS SQUAD LINE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TEAM LEADER TEAM LEADER • SQUAD FORMATIONS DESCRIBE THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FIRE TEAMS IN THE SQUAD. AUTOMATIC AUTOMATIC GRENADIER RIFLEMAN GRENADIER RIFLEMAN •THEY INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN •SQUAD COLUMN SQUAD LEADER •SQUAD LINE • THE SQUAD LINE PROVIDES MAXIMUM FIREPOWER TO THE FRONT. • WHEN THE SQUAD IS ACTING AS THE BASE SQUAD, THE FIRE TEAM ON THE RIGHT IS THE BASE FIRE TEAM “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” SQUAD COLUMN SQUAD FILE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD • IS USED WHEN NOT TRAVELING IN A COLUMN OR LINE • IS THE SQUAD ’S MOST COMMON FORMATION • HAS THE SAME CHARACTERISTICS AS THE FIRE TEAM FILE • IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION LATERALLY AND IN DEPTH • SQUAD LEADER CAN BE MOVED FROM NORMAL POSITION TO WITHOUT SACRIFICING CONTOL, WHILE FACILITATING GOOD THE FIRST OR SECOND POSITION: MANUVERABILITY - TO INCREASE CONTROL OVER THE FORMATION • WHEN THE SQUAD MOVES INDEPENDENTLY OR AS THE REAR ELEMENT OF THE PLATOON, THE RIFLEMAN IN THE TRAIL FIRE - EXERT GREATER MORAL PRESENCE BY LEADING TEAM PROVIDES REAR SECURITY FROM THE FRONT - IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE TO MAKE KEY DECISIONS • ADDITIONAL CONTROL OVER THE REAR OF THE FORMATION CAN BE PROVIDED BY MOVING A TEAM LEADER TO THE LAST POSTION. “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” SQUAD COLUMN WITH FIRE TEAMS IN COLUMN. SQUAD FILE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TEAM LEADER (POINT MAN) TEAM LEADER SQUAD LEADER (OPTIONAL) (COMPASS) GRENADIER AUTOMATIC GRENADIER RIFLEMAN AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN (PASE) RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN SQUAD LEADER (NORMAL) SQUAD LEADER TEAM LEADER GRENADIER TEAM LEADER AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN TEAM LEADER (OPTIONAL) AUTOMATIC GRENADIER RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN RIFLEMAN “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” 3 COMPARISON OF SQUAD FORMATIONS PLATOON COLUMN Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD WHEN CHARACTERISTICS MOVEMENT NORMALLY FIRE CAPABILITIES / FORMATION USED FLEXIBILITY SECURITY CONTROL RESTRICTIONS SQUAD SQUAD PRIMARY GOOD FACILITATES ALLOWS LARGE ALL - ROUND • IS THE SQUAD ’S PLATOON ’S PRIMARY MOVEMENT FORMATION COLUMN FORMATION MANEUVER, VOLUME OF FIRE TO GOOD THE FLANK – LIMMITED DISPERSION VOLUME TO THE FRONT • IT PROVIDES GOOD DISPERSION BOTH LATERALLY AND IN DEPTH LATERALLY AND IN AND SIMPLIFIES CONTROL. DEPTH FIRE TEAM WHEN MAXIMUM NOT AS LIMITED ALLOWS MAXIMUM GOOD TO • THE LEAD SQUAD IS THE BASE SQUAD. FILE FIREPOWER IS GOOD AS MANEUVER IMMEDIATE FIRE TO THE FRONT REQUIRED TO SQUAD CAPABILITY THE FRONT LITTLE TO THE FRONT COLUMN (BOTH FIRE THE FLANKS NOTE: METT-T WILL DETERMINE WHERE CREW SERVED WEAPONS TEAMS AND REAR WILL MOVE IN THE FORMATION. THEY NORMALLY MOVE COMMITTED). WITH THE PLATOON LEADER SO HE CAN QUICKLY ESTABLISH SQUAD CLOSE TERRAIN EASIEST MOST ALLOWS MAXIMUM LEAST A BASE OF FIRE FILE VEGETATION DIFFICULT IMMEDIATE FIRE TO LIMITED FORMATION THE FLANK MASKS VISIBILITY FROM MOST FIRE TO THE CONDITIONS WHICH TO FRONT AND REAR MANEUVER “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” Enabling Learning Objective PLATOON IN COLUMN ELO 3 Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TL GRN AR R SL LEAD TL AR GRN SQUAD R ACTION: Determine the purpose of Platoon formations. X PLT LDR FO RATELO FO RATELO CONDITION: Given an instructor and prescribed manuals. MG CREW MG CREW LEGEND TL GRN AR CENTER PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER R PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SQUAD STANDARD: IAW FM 3-0, FM 3-21.8, and FM 3-21.10. Achieve a SL – SQUAD LEADER SL TL- TEAM LEADER GRN minimum passing score of 80% in overall testing. GRN- GRENADIER AR TL R R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR X PSG MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAIN (CLS) AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER TL TRAIL AR GRN SQUAD R SL TL GRN AR R “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” PLATOON FORMATIONS PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS – ON - LINE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD • BASIC PLATOON ASSAULT FORMATION • PLATOON FORMATIONS CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING • THIS FORMATION ALLOWS THE DELIVERY OF MAXIMUM FIRE TO - PLATOON IN COLUMN THE FRONT BUT LITTLE FIRE TO THE FLANKS. - PLATOON LINE (SQUADS ON LINE OR IN COLUMN) • IS HARD TO CONTROL AND DOES NOT ALOW FOR RAPID MOVEMENT • WHEN TWO OR MORE PLATOONS ARE ATTACKING, THE COMPANY - PLATOON VEE COMMANDER CHOOSES ONE OF THEM AS THE BASE PLATOON. - PLATOON WEDGE • THE BASE PLATOON ’S CENTER SQUAD IS ITS BASE SQUAD. • THE LEADER SHOULD WEIGH THESE CAREFULLY TO SELECT THE • WHEN THE PLATOON IS NOT ACTING AS THE BASE PLATOON, ITS BASE BEST FORMATION BASED ON HIS MISSION AND ON METT-T SQUAD IS ITS FLANK SQUAD NEAREST THE BASE PLATOON. (MISSION, EQUIPMENT, TERAIN, TROOPS AVAILABLE AND TIME AVAILABLE) ANNALSIS • THE MACHINE GUNS CAN MOVE WITH THE PLATOON, OR THEY CAN SUPPORT BY FIRE FROM A SUPPORT POSITION. “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” 4 PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS - ON - LINE PLATOON VEE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TL TL TL TL TL TL • HAS TWO SQUADS UP FRONT TO PROVIDE A HEAVY VOLUME OF FIRE AR GRN GRN AR AR GRN GRN AR AR GRN GRN AR ON CONTACT SL SL SL • ONE SQUAD SERVES AS EITHER OVERWATCH OR TRAIL FOR THE OTHER SQUADS X PSG R R X PLT LDR R R R R AR RATELO • FORMATION IS HARD TO CONTROL AID MAIN (CLS) FO • MOVEMENT IS SLOW MG CREW FO RATELO MG CREW • THE PLATOON LEADER DESIGNATES ONE OF THE FRONT SQUADS TO BE LEFT FLANK SQUAD CENTER SQUAD RIGHT FLANK SQUAD THE PLATOONS BASE SQUAD. NOTE: SQUAD LEADER (SL) POSITIONS HIMSELF WHERE HE CAN BEST CONTROL THE SQUAD LEGEND PLT LDR – PLATOON LEADER PSG – PLATOON SERGEANT SL – SQUAD LEADER TL- TEAM LEADER GRN- GRENADIER R – RIFLEMAN AR- AUTOMATIC RIFLEMAN RATELO – RADIO / TELEPHONE OPERATOR MG CREW – MACHINE GUN CREW AID MAN – COMBAT LIFE SAVER “Forever Forward” “Forever Forward” PLATOON - LINE, SQUADS – IN - COLUMN PLATOON VEE Show-Me GOLD Show-Me GOLD TL TL GRN AR GRN • USED WHEN THE PLATOON LEADER DOES NOT WANT TO DEPLOY ALL AR R PERSONNEL ON LINT.
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