Fish Fauna of Nashpa Dam (Bahadur Khel) District Karak Khyber

Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(5): 525-528

Faisal Junaid Faisal Junaid and Hameed Ur Rehman Department of Zoology, GPGC Karak, Pakistan Abstract Hameed Ur Rehman The present study deals with the diversity of ichthyology found in Nashpa (Bahdur Khel) dam of district Department of Chemistry, Karak. As many studies have been conducted largely on the systematic, biodiversity and ecosystem of Kohat University of Science & freshwater fishes found in the various regions of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province to improve fisheries. Technology, KUST, Kohat, However, the diversity of fish fauna in Nashpa dam (Bahadur Khel) district Karak is the first approach of KPK, Pakistan. exploring the fish diversity under continuous observation, the diversity of freshwater fishes of Nashpa dam was studied and assessed from February 2017 to May 2017. During the study, we documented and described 03 freshwater fish species of nashpa dam that were belonging to the same 03 orders, 03 same families and 03 different genera. Among all species were belonging to the family Cyprinidea. The 03 species are Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmicthys molatrix, and Labeo rohita respectively. Hence, the result of our present study would provide useful information about the diversity of fish fauna of Nashpa (Bahadur Khel) dam that could be later valuable in the systematic, fisheries management and

conservation of aquatic life.

Keywords: Nashpa (Bahadur Khel), fish diversity, Karak, Cyprinus carpio

1. Introduction Fish is a member of paraphyletic groups of organism that consists of all gill-bearing aquatic animals [1]. Biodiversity shows different variations in their morphology, in the habitats and in

their mode of life not like other frequently documented vertebrates, fishes are a diverse group [2] . Fishes are the most diverse group of vertebrates and have occupied almost every niche of the hydrosphere. Of the approximately 40,000 species of vertebrates, a total of 21,723 species belongs to super class Pisces [3] Fish are piokiliothermic vertebrates, use gills for breathing in water, and fins for swimming. They live underwater and are dependent on water for dissolved

oxygen, support, food, reproduction and shelter. Fish influences human life in a various ways. It Fishes playing an important role in overcoming the nutritional difficulties including Proteins, fat and vitamins. It also provides several by products like fish meal, fish glue and fish oil, etc. [4] Fishes live in almost every type of aquatic environment, ranging from Antarctic water to the hot springs [5]. Ichthyodiversity is an important field of science it highlights the

significance, abundance an important role of living things in the ecosystem. Biodiversity is a vast field regarding the natural abundance of living entities in the water having a great deal with human beings such as fishes. Biodiversity of fish fauna is the relative abundance of fishes in the targeted area [6]. Many researchers have been working on the diversity of fish fauna found in the different areas of the world, furthermore, some work had also made their

contribution to the study of fish fauna found in freshwater resources of Pakistan. In Pakistan, [7] more than 186 freshwater fish species have been described . Therefore, a considerable amount of literature was available about fish fauna from various parts of Pakistan, such as [8], reported 62 species from northern Waziristan agency and [9] had studied the systematic and zoogeography of the freshwater fishes of Pakistan and Azad Kashmir [10] reported 17 species [11] [12] River Kurram at Bannu . Observed the fish diversity and distribution in Indus River [13] reported 04 species of Khasari dam district Karak described the distribution and status of significant freshwater fishes of Pakistan. Hameed et al in 2016, examine the Ichthyo fauna of Correspondence dandy dam North Waziristan agency of FATA, KPK, Pakistan and documented 5 species [14]. Hameed Ur Rehman Hameed et al 2016, conducted studies on Dargai dam and reported 5 species [15]. Hameed et al Department of Chemistry, [16] Kohat University of Science & 2016 study the current status of fish diversity of Barganat dam and documented 10 species . Technology, KUST, Kohat, Hameed et al 2015, conducted survey on the biodiversity of Ghandiali dam fishes and reported KPK, Pakistan 6 species [17]. Hameed et al in 2015 reported 7 species from Darwazai dam as well as reported ~ 525 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies

13 species from Gomal zam dam, 7 species reported from laboratory. In the laboratory, photographs of fish were taken Talai dam 7 and 5 from Darmalak dam and Shnebaye stream prior to preservation with 10% formalin and 70% alcohol, respectively [05-22]. Haseeb et al reported 13 species from since formalin decolonizes the fish color on long preservation. Tanda dam with new recorded and Zubia et al documented 5 species from Damai stream [22-24]. The aim of the research 3. Results and Discussion work was to find out the fish fauna of Nashpa Dam (Bahadur The survey was conducted to find out the ichthyofauna of Khel) district Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Nashpa (Bahadur Khel) up till now no such work was carried on the fishes of this region and this was the 1st efforts to find 1.2 Study area: and identify the fish fauna of this dam. This survey duration Karak is a district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of was from February 2017 to June (2017). Among these 03 Pakistan. It is situated in the south of species C. carpio was the most abundant and enrich one Kohat District and on the north sides of Bannu and Lakki found in this area. The Nashpa (Bahadur Khel) dam having Marwat district. It is about 123 km away from the provincial (50 to 55%) more Ichthyofauna than other local dams/water capital Peshawar. bodies so these fishes provide a great food stuff and influence for human life in different ways. Absence of river in District Karak stresses the fish fauna to live in rain filled dams and water bodies, yet no detailed study of fresh water fishes is done, but some researchers take their contribution as well. Hameed et al [28] have conducted research work on biodiversity of fish fauna of the Sarki Lawaghar dam, Takhte- Nasrati district, Karak Kpk, Pakistan. During the survey about four species Labeo rohita, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cirrhinus mrigala, Tor khudree class Actinopterygii, order Cypriniformes and Cyprinidae species were identified. From the obtained results it may be concluded that Sarki Lawaghar dam have rich fauna of Cyprindae species. Some of these species were also studied by Faisal et al, in 2016 [29] at Khasari dam (Ghundi shahbaz khan) during their survey they

found total of four species, and all of the four species which Fig 1: Map of nashpa dam were found in the Khasari (Ghundi shahbaz khan) dam were beloging to the same family Cyprinidae, Same order Cypriniformes and that of Same class Actinopterygii and these species were Cirrhinus cirrhosus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Labeo rohita, Cyprinus carpio and their Genus are Cirrhinus, Hypophthalmichthys, Labeo, cyprinus respectively. Another a nearer study to Nashpa dam was conducted by Tahir et al, in 2016 [30] at Ghol dam and found 6 species there, 5 of these 6 species belonging to family Cyprinidae and order Cypriniformes. And these species were Labeo rohita, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala, Tor tor and their Genus were Labea, Hypophthalmichthys, Catla, Cirrhinus and Tor respectively. And only a single

Fig 2: An overview of Nashpa Dam specie Oreochromis niloticus Genus Oreochromis family Cirhlidae and order Perciformes do not belong to the family 2. Materials and Methods Cyprinidae. The dominant Species in all results of our survey 2.1 Fish sampling and identification: are family Cyprinidae having order Cyprinoformes. So from Fishes were caught from different parts of the stream (to the above study it is concluded that ghol dam is favorable for avoid missing) by using different types of nets namely hand fish hatchery. From all the previous study Labeo rohita, nets, small mashed cast nets, container and hooks during the Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio are likely period of February 2017 to July 2017.All the fishes to be the dominant species and are abundantly found in identification was done mainly on the basis of the color province as compared to the other species. The most dominant pattern, specific spots or marks on the surface of the body, species was Cyprinus carpio which was found during the shape of the body, structure of various fins by using different study period its clearly shows that the fish fauna can tolerate a systematic and identification keys [24-25] and up to the species wide range of temperature fluctuation (as low and high both). level, another keys used are Fishes of the Punjab, Pakistan During the survey a total of 03 species was identified up to Lahore [26]. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries [27]. the species level. Cyprinidae species were found rich in nashpa dam which influences the human life in various ways 2.2 Fish preservation and comprises about 90% of the total fishes. The three (03) All the fish samples were immediately transferred into the identified species and their taxonomic position are;

Table.1.Taxonomic position of fishes collected from Nashpa Dam.

S.no Class Order Family Genus Species No of catch 01 Actinopterygii Cypriniform Cyprinidea Cyprinus C.carpio 256 02 Actinopterygii Cypriniform Cyprinidea Hypophthalmichthys H.molatrix 203 03 Actinopterygii Cypriniform Cyprinidea Labeo L.rohita 184

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at Bannu and Toi stream Kohat, NWFP, Pakistan. Journal of Science and Technology, University of Peshawar, 1997; 23:71-72. 11. Rafique M. Fish diversity and distribution in Indus River and its drainage system. Pakistan J. Zool. 2000; 32:321- 33. 12. Faisal J, Saqib Y, Shafi UG, Hameed UR. Fish Fauna of Muhabbt Khel Dam (Lake Kana) district Karak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Journal of Entomology and

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