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Concordia Theological Monthly CONCORDIA THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY The Secret of God's Plan HARRY G. COINER The Christ-Figure in Contemporary Literamre DONALD L. DEFFNER Homiletics Theological Observer Book Review VOL. XXXIV May 1963 No.5 BO:)TF T\ T'"t TT"SW All books received in this pe1'iodical may be procured from or through Concordia Pub­ lishing Hottse, 3558 South Jefferson Avenue. St. Louis 18, Missomi. THE WORLD OF THE VATICAN. By Trinity (misteriosamente emparentada na 01'­ Robert Neville. New York: Harper and dem da Uniao hipostdtica com toda a Trini­ Row, c. 1962. 256 pages, plus 16 full­ dade beatissima)" (Acta Apostolicae Sedis, 38 page plates. Cloth. $4.95. [1946}, 266). In 1954 Pius XII created not Here is a veteran foreign correspondent's "the Feast of Mary of Heaven and Earth" brisk, chatty (sometimes almost gossipy), (p. 77) but the "Feast of Mary the Queen" journalistic chronicle of Vatican City and the (Ad caeli reginam, in Acta .1postolicae Sedis, Holy See from the latter years of the pon­ 46 [1954}, 638). The Latin formula at the tificate of Pius XII to the threshold of the imposition of the tiara is misspelled and mis­ Second Vatican Council. The author is the translated on p. 118. There are 379 volumes knowledgeable and experienced former chief (plus indices) in Jacques-Paul Migne's two of the Ti,.>ze-Li!e .i3ure2.ll in Rome; his in­ Patrologies; f _. work is not "an structive and perceptive book will provide exhaustive anthology[!}" (p.142). On page the reader with valuable background for a 230 "Bishop H"u~ ;:::; :;:'~~j<:" is called Presi­ better understanding of recent and current dent of the German Lutheran Federation [!l Roman Catholic history. At the same time In view of Phil. 1: 1 and 1 Tim. 3: 8 deacons Neville's criticism of "woefully ignorant" are hardly "a new grade of officers" (p. 245 ) . fellow correspondents assigned to the Rome In spite of these defects in areas where Ne­ beat (p. 204) might better have been muted ville is out of his proper field, where he a little in view of his own lapses. The im­ speaks of things he has seen and known he portant 1943 encyclical on Biblical studies, makes some sage observations. for instance, was Divino (!) afflante Spiritu; ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN it cannot be described as "little-reported" (p. 13 ). As a designation for the "fabric" of a STRANGE SECTS AND CURIOUS CULTS. church the Italian fabbrica cannot be "lit­ By Marcus Bach. New York: Dodd, Mead erally translated" as "factory" (p. 52); it and Co., 1962. viii and 277 pages. Ooth. merely reproduces the Latin fabrica used in $4.50. this sense since the fifth century. Contrary With a rare empathy and sympathy that to the statement on the same page, the pope on occasion leads him to champion positions gives the pallium to archbishops and only and propose interpretations which classic very rarely to bishops. Pius XII is represented Christianity cannot condone, Bach has been as having "produced seven apostolic exaita­ studying the sects that luxuriate at the fringes tions[!}" (p. 59). The late pope did not of organized religion for 20 years. With declare in 1946 "that Mary had been raised much better training (including a University to 'hypostatic union with the Blessed Trin­ of Iowa Ph. D.) than most reporters on his ity'" (p. 76); what he did say was that "by religious beat, his observations are usually way of the hypostatic union [of the divine marked by a high degree of accuracy and ex­ and human natures in her Son she is} mys­ pert knowledge. Strange Sects and Curious teriously related to the whole Most Blessed Cults, his 13th book, is a kind of museum of 302 BOOK REVIEW 303 bizarre faiths, "The sex sects" include the A brief introduction surveys the various dead cults of Canaan's Baal and Egypt's Osiris elements of Israelite nomadism which can and the exotic rites of Indian Shivaism and be discerned from the Biblical record. In Haitian Voodoo, "The conscience cults" the main section of the book the institutions bracket the Penitentes of the Southwest, the of Israel are treated concisely and compre­ Adventist "Apocalypticists," Father Divine hensively under four categories, family, civil, and his Peace Movement, the Oxford Group military, and religious. At the end is a very Movement of Frank Buchman, and Frank complete topical bibliography, which com­ Robinson's now defunct Psychiana. Among pensates to some extent for the unfortunate those engaged in the "search for Utopia" lack of detailed footnotes throughout the Bach treats the Doukhobors (both the "good" book, and adequate subject and Biblical and the "mad") of Canada, the almost de­ indexes. funct Shakers, the founders of the now in­ De Vaux operates with the generally ac­ dustrialized Amana villages of Iowa, the cepted results of recent historical criticism. Hutterites, and the Mormon followers of He believes that the festival of the Day of Joseph Smith. His final chapter, "Faith Is a Atonement was introduced quite late, in part Feeling," is a sort of syncretistic credo. because the Priestly documents of the Pen­ ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN tateuch which treat the subject are held by scholars to belong to the exilic or postexilic ANCIENT ISRAEL (LES INSTITUTIONS period. He agrees with most scholars that r - UANC-- - ~EST AkENT). By l,::; the Biblical tabernacle is an idealized por­ land de Va1L~. New York: McGraw-Hill, trait from a later period, the Solomonic 1961. xxv and 592 pages. Cloth. $10,95. temple being the chief prototype. He ac­ The need for an adequate English pres- cepts the position of certain modern scholars entation of the customs and institutions of that the change to the Babylonian calendar ancient Israel has been felt for many years. took place in Israel soon after the death of This comprehensive treatment by an emi­ Josiah. nent Roman Catholic archeologist fills the In general, however, critical questions are need admirably. It appeared originally in the not paramount. Where a significant issue series Etudes Annexes de la Bible de Jeru­ is raised, such as the divinity of the king salem, put out by the Ecole Biblique, of of Israel, the origin of the Sabbath, the cen­ which De Vaux is perhaps the most illus­ tralization of the cult or the meaning of trious member. sacrifice, one is impressed by the cautious We have here a masterful assembly and and conservative approach of the writer. analysis of the life, practices, and institutions Concerning the meaning of sacrifice he of Israel which are mentioned in the Old writes: "Sacrifice is the essential act of ex­ Testament. The author draws upon his broad ternal worship. It is a prayer which is acted, knowledge of Near Eastern archeology, com­ a symbolic action which expresses both the parative religion, history, and kindred sub­ interior feelings of the person offering it, jects. Thus, for example, Hittite and Meso­ and God's response to this prayer." In this potamian parallels are introduced in the same context, as frequently in this volume, discussion of Israelite law; Arab customs are De Vaux recognizes the possibility that cer­ cited to shed additional light on certain tain rites and institutions may have been nomadic traditions of Israel; and Canaanite adopted by Israel from neighboring peoples, religious practices are contrasted with those the Canaanites in particular, but he insists of the people of God. that "we should not admit without proof that 304 BOOK REVIEW these rites had the same meaning in Israel nal makes both a good initial introduction as they had among its neighbors" (p.451). to St. Augustine and a helpful compend of The uniqueness of Israel's beliefs is re­ his basic theology. peatedly emphasized. "Israel was the first ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN nation to reject extra-temporal myths and to replace them with a history of salvation" A HISTORY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOL­ (p. 272 ), he asserts. OGY AND PHILOSOPHY IN THE No other comparable work exists in Eng­ 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES. By A. lish; Ancient Israel is indispensable for the Wolf, F. Dannemann, and A. Armitage. Old Testament scholar in the field and a Edited by Douglas McKie. New York: valuable tool for any serious student of the Harper and Brothers, 1959. xvi and 686 Bible as a whole. NORMAN C. HABEL pages. 2 vols. Paper. $1.95 each volume. The unique value of this work lies in SELECTED WRITINGS OF SAINT AU­ its contributions to the history of science GUSTINE. Edited by Roger Hazelton. and technology. The first edition of Wolf's Cleveland: The World Publishing Com­ ambitious encyclopedic attempt "to give a pany, 1962. 312 pages. Paper. $1.65. reasonably full account of the achievements "The selections included in this volume of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in are intended to show the reader St. Augus­ the whole field of 'natural knowledge,''' tine at his representative best," writes Hazel­ came out in 1934. The second edition, pre­ ton in his preface. ''They have been drawn, pared by McKie in 1950, is here reproduced therefore, from many kinds of writing­ in two paperback volumes, complete with letters, sermons, dialogues, meditations in the 317 carefully chosen illustrations (in­ which the manner of address is direct and cluding about 75 full-page plates) of the personal, as well as scriptural expositions, original. The work lives up to the promise doctrinal treatises, and larger works con­ of its title. A series of chapters on modern cerned with churchly or cultural issues" science, the Copernican revolution, Galileo, (p. 7). The 14-page introduction is in a the scientific academies that came into being sense an apologia for the selections which in this period, and the scientific instruments follow and for the order of the main heads (such as the microscope, the telescope, the - the eternal Creator, good and evil, the thermometer, the barometer, and the pen­ Trinity, faith and reason, the human condi­ dulum clock) that the ingenuity of the age tion and its remedy, grace and freedom, devised, leads over into detailed inquiries Christ, the church and the two cities.
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