CONCORDIA THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY

The Secret of God's Plan HARRY G. COINER

The Christ-Figure in Contemporary Literamre DONALD L. DEFFNER

Homiletics

Theological Observer

Book Review

VOL. XXXIV May 1963 No.5 BO:)TF T\ T'"t TT"SW

All books received in this pe1'iodical may be procured from or through Concordia Pub­ lishing Hottse, 3558 South Jefferson Avenue. St. Louis 18, Missomi. .

THE WORLD OF THE VATICAN. By Trinity (misteriosamente emparentada na 01'­ Robert Neville. New York: Harper and dem da Uniao hipostdtica com toda a Trini­ Row, c. 1962. 256 pages, plus 16 full­ dade beatissima)" (Acta Apostolicae Sedis, 38 page plates. Cloth. $4.95. [1946}, 266). In 1954 Pius XII created not Here is a veteran foreign correspondent's "the Feast of Mary of Heaven and Earth" brisk, chatty (sometimes almost gossipy), (p. 77) but the "Feast of Mary the Queen" journalistic chronicle of and the (, in Acta .1postolicae Sedis, Holy See from the latter years of the pon­ 46 [1954}, 638). The Latin formula at the tificate of Pius XII to the threshold of the imposition of the tiara is misspelled and mis­ Second Vatican Council. The author is the translated on p. 118. There are 379 volumes knowledgeable and experienced former chief (plus indices) in Jacques-Paul Migne's two of the Ti,.>ze-Li!e .i3ure2.ll in ; his in­ Patrologies; f _. work is not "an structive and perceptive book will provide exhaustive anthology[!}" (p.142). On page the reader with valuable background for a 230 "Bishop H"u~ ;:::; :;:'~~j<:" is called Presi­ better understanding of recent and current dent of the German Lutheran Federation [!l Roman Catholic history. At the same time In view of Phil. 1: 1 and 1 Tim. 3: 8 deacons Neville's criticism of "woefully ignorant" are hardly "a new grade of officers" (p. 245 ) . fellow correspondents assigned to the Rome In spite of these defects in areas where Ne­ beat (p. 204) might better have been muted ville is out of his proper field, where he a little in view of his own lapses. The im­ speaks of things he has seen and known he portant 1943 encyclical on Biblical studies, makes some sage observations. for instance, was Divino (!) afflante Spiritu; ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN it cannot be described as "little-reported" (p. 13 ). As a designation for the "fabric" of a STRANGE SECTS AND CURIOUS CULTS. church the Italian fabbrica cannot be "lit­ By Marcus Bach. New York: Dodd, Mead erally translated" as "factory" (p. 52); it and Co., 1962. viii and 277 pages. Ooth. merely reproduces the Latin fabrica used in $4.50. this sense since the fifth century. Contrary With a rare empathy and sympathy that to the statement on the same page, the on occasion leads him to champion positions gives the pallium to archbishops and only and propose interpretations which classic very rarely to bishops. Pius XII is represented Christianity cannot condone, Bach has been as having "produced seven apostolic exaita­ studying the sects that luxuriate at the fringes tions[!}" (p. 59). The late pope did not of organized religion for 20 years. With declare in 1946 "that Mary had been raised much better training (including a University to 'hypostatic union with the Blessed Trin­ of Iowa Ph. D.) than most reporters on his ity'" (p. 76); what he did say was that "by religious beat, his observations are usually way of the hypostatic union [of the divine marked by a high degree of accuracy and ex­ and human natures in her Son she is} mys­ pert knowledge. Strange Sects and Curious teriously related to the whole Most Blessed Cults, his 13th book, is a kind of museum of 302 BOOK REVIEW 303

bizarre faiths, "The sex sects" include the A brief introduction surveys the various dead cults of Canaan's Baal and Egypt's Osiris elements of Israelite nomadism which can and the exotic rites of Indian Shivaism and be discerned from the Biblical record. In Haitian Voodoo, "The conscience cults" the main section of the book the institutions bracket the Penitentes of the Southwest, the of Israel are treated concisely and compre­ Adventist "Apocalypticists," Father Divine hensively under four categories, family, civil, and his Peace Movement, the Oxford Group military, and religious. At the end is a very Movement of Frank Buchman, and Frank complete topical bibliography, which com­ Robinson's now defunct Psychiana. Among pensates to some extent for the unfortunate those engaged in the "search for Utopia" lack of detailed footnotes throughout the Bach treats the Doukhobors (both the "good" book, and adequate subject and Biblical and the "mad") of Canada, the almost de­ indexes. funct Shakers, the founders of the now in­ De Vaux operates with the generally ac­ dustrialized Amana villages of Iowa, the cepted results of recent historical criticism. Hutterites, and the Mormon followers of He believes that the festival of the Day of Joseph Smith. His final chapter, "Faith Is a Atonement was introduced quite late, in part Feeling," is a sort of syncretistic credo. because the Priestly documents of the Pen­ ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN tateuch which treat the subject are held by scholars to belong to the exilic or postexilic ANCIENT ISRAEL (LES INSTITUTIONS period. He agrees with most scholars that r - UANC-- - ~EST AkENT). By l,::; the Biblical tabernacle is an idealized por­ land de Va1L~. New York: McGraw-Hill, trait from a later period, the Solomonic 1961. xxv and 592 pages. Cloth. $10,95. temple being the chief prototype. He ac­ The need for an adequate English pres- cepts the position of certain modern scholars entation of the customs and institutions of that the change to the Babylonian calendar ancient Israel has been felt for many years. took place in Israel soon after the death of This comprehensive treatment by an emi­ Josiah. nent Roman Catholic archeologist fills the In general, however, critical questions are need admirably. It appeared originally in the not paramount. Where a significant issue series Etudes Annexes de la de Jeru­ is raised, such as the divinity of the king salem, put out by the Ecole Biblique, of of Israel, the origin of the Sabbath, the cen­ which De Vaux is perhaps the most illus­ tralization of the cult or the meaning of trious member. sacrifice, one is impressed by the cautious We have here a masterful assembly and and conservative approach of the writer. analysis of the life, practices, and institutions Concerning the meaning of sacrifice he of Israel which are mentioned in the Old writes: "Sacrifice is the essential act of ex­ Testament. The author draws upon his broad ternal worship. It is a prayer which is acted, knowledge of Near Eastern archeology, com­ a symbolic action which expresses both the parative religion, history, and kindred sub­ interior feelings of the person offering it, jects. Thus, for example, Hittite and Meso­ and God's response to this prayer." In this potamian parallels are introduced in the same context, as frequently in this volume, discussion of Israelite law; Arab customs are De Vaux recognizes the possibility that cer­ cited to shed additional light on certain tain rites and institutions may have been nomadic traditions of Israel; and Canaanite adopted by Israel from neighboring peoples, religious practices are contrasted with those the Canaanites in particular, but he insists of the people of God. that "we should not admit without proof that 304 BOOK REVIEW

these rites had the same meaning in Israel nal makes both a good initial introduction as they had among its neighbors" (p.451). to St. Augustine and a helpful compend of The uniqueness of Israel's beliefs is re­ his basic theology. peatedly emphasized. "Israel was the first ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN nation to reject extra-temporal myths and to replace them with a history of salvation" A HISTORY OF SCIENCE, TECHNOL­ (p. 272 ), he asserts. OGY AND PHILOSOPHY IN THE No other comparable work exists in Eng­ 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES. By A. lish; Ancient Israel is indispensable for the Wolf, F. Dannemann, and A. Armitage. scholar in the field and a Edited by Douglas McKie. New York: valuable tool for any serious student of the Harper and Brothers, 1959. xvi and 686 Bible as a whole. NORMAN C. HABEL pages. 2 vols. Paper. $1.95 each volume. The unique value of this work lies in SELECTED WRITINGS OF SAINT AU­ its contributions to the history of science GUSTINE. Edited by Roger Hazelton. and technology. The first edition of Wolf's Cleveland: The World Publishing Com­ ambitious encyclopedic attempt "to give a pany, 1962. 312 pages. Paper. $1.65. reasonably full account of the achievements "The selections included in this volume of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in are intended to show the reader St. Augus­ the whole field of 'natural knowledge,''' tine at his representative best," writes Hazel­ came out in 1934. The second edition, pre­ ton in his preface. ''They have been drawn, pared by McKie in 1950, is here reproduced therefore, from many kinds of writing­ in two paperback volumes, complete with letters, sermons, dialogues, meditations in the 317 carefully chosen illustrations (in­ which the manner of address is direct and cluding about 75 full-page plates) of the personal, as well as scriptural expositions, original. The work lives up to the promise doctrinal treatises, and larger works con­ of its title. A series of chapters on modern cerned with churchly or cultural issues" science, the Copernican revolution, Galileo, (p. 7). The 14-page introduction is in a the scientific academies that came into being sense an apologia for the selections which in this period, and the scientific instruments follow and for the order of the main heads (such as the microscope, the telescope, the - the eternal Creator, good and evil, the thermometer, the barometer, and the pen­ Trinity, faith and reason, the human condi­ dulum clock) that the ingenuity of the age tion and its remedy, grace and freedom, devised, leads over into detailed inquiries Christ, the church and the two cities. In ad­ into the progress of the individual sciences dition to his letters and sermons, eighteen - astronomy, mathematics, mechanics, phys­ major works of St. Augustine are represented. ics (light, heat, sound, magnetism, and The selections are not mere snippets, but electricity) meteorology, chemistry, geology, excerpts that average close to nine pages in geography (exploration, cartography, trea­ length, enough to give a good picture of the tises), botany, zoology, anatomy and physiol­ work in question. Thus the excerpts from ogy, and medicine, followed by four chap­ The City of God run to 22 pages, from the ters on technological applications of science Enchiridion to 35, from the Confessions to (to agriculture, textiles, construction, mining 19. The translations are chiefly from The and metallurgy, mechanical engineering, the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, with a few steam engine, and mechanical calculators), others from other sources. A one-page bibli­ and three final chapters on psychology, the ography is appended. This Living Age Origi- social sciences, and philosophy. This is the BOOK REVIEW 305

age not only of the Reformation, the Coun­ and ancient history can provide, is not for ter-Reformation, Orthodoxy and the rise of a moment here forgotten. But more im­ Pietism, but also of Copernicus, Galileo, portant than that is the recognition that in Brahe, Kepler, Newton, Halley, Napier, this book are the living oracles of God, Pascal, Leibniz, Huygens, Wren, Descartes, which may speak to us and nourish our spirit Guericke, Van Helmont, Boyle, Steno, Mer­ when we approach them in true devotion cator, Ortelius, Vesalius, Leeuwenhoek, Hob­ and humility" (p. 1,515). These words from bes, Locke, Spinoza, and Gresham, to name H. H. Rowley's terminal essay on "How to only a few of those whose scientifice re­ Read the Bible" express the earnest point of searches, speculations, and achievements pro­ view from which the editors approach this foundly affected the matrix out of which the study edition of the Revised Standard Ver­ ecclesiastical phenomena of the age took sion in the corrected text form of 1959. shape. The history of religion and the his­ The annotations reflect a desire to share tory of science can never be successfully with lay Bible students the views of modern studied in isolation from one another, as scholarship, including emphasis on docu­ little as the history of the church and polit­ mentary and source hypotheses but avoiding ical history can. Wolf does not attempt the extreme positions. On the whole the annota­ synthesis of the two histories, but for the tors of the New Testament are more inclined clergym . theologian ·hose background than those of the Old Testament to recognize is likely to be sorely deficient in the area the limited acquaintance many laymen have of scientific history, Wolf provides the sup­ with the results of modern Biblical scholar­ plemeutary information that the synthesis ship. The discussion of the source for 2 Sam. requires. If in a work of such vast scope an 18: 19-33, for example, might well have occasional fact is distorted (for instance, given way to more exposition of the text. when W 01f declares on page 24 that the On the other hand, we are grateful to learn Copernican system "was opposed from the that what we had been reading into verse 9 beginning by Luther and the Reformers") or is not what the text says. Absalom was not a name is omitted, the overall significance suspended by the hair according to the text, and value of this patient effort is not seri­ but "his whole head was caught." Such il­ ously affected. luminating comments are sprinkled freely ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN throughout this work. In connection with Gen. 1: 14-19 it is observed: "The sun, moon, THE OXFORD ANNOTATED BIBLE. and stars are not divine powers that control Edited by Herbert G. May and Bruce M. man's destiny, as was believed in antiquity, Metzger. New York: Oxford University but are only lights. Implicitly worship of Press, 1962. xxiv and 1,544 pages, plus the heavenly host is forbidden (Dt. 4: 19; 12 maps. Cloth. $7.95. Zeph. 1: 5 ) ." In connection with the rich OXFORD BIBLE ATLAS. Edited by Her­ young man (Matt. 19:21) we are told: bert G. May, R. W. Hamilton, and "Eternal life will be found through utter G. N. S. Hunt. New York: Oxford Uni­ dependence on God, not through a ritual versity Press, 1962. 144 pages. Cloth. that wealth makes possible (see Luke 12: $4.95. 33n.; Acts2:44-45; 4:34,35)." "That there is a place for the study of It is easy, of course, to point up deficien­ every detail of the Bible in the light of the cies in a work of this type, but the annotator situation out of which it arose, with all the ought to keep in mind that as much as pos­ illumination that philology and archaeology sible he should refrain from prompting the 306 BOOK REVIEW reader on what he can readily infer from the ments of the Old Testament especially to text, and instead play the role of resource their historical environment. person in clarifying the less obvious. The FREDERICK W. DANKER Bible student would have been helped mate­ rially if Peter's allusion to Ex. 24: 3-8 in ST. PAUL'S EPISTLE TO THE EPHE­ 1 Peter 1 : 2 had been explained, instead of SIANS: A REVISED TEXT AND being reminded of what in the context is TRANSLATION WITH EXPOSITION a truism, that "forgiveness is based on AND NOTES. By Joseph Armitage Rob­ Christ's sacrificial death." The note on inson. London: James Clarke and Co., 2: 18-25 on "obedience to masters" fails to 1962. 314 pages. Cloth. 18/6. bring out that Peter's reference is really to Many have taken in hand to write on slaves. As a result the layman may experi­ Ephesians since Robinson's work first ap­ ence difficulty in relating the passage to con­ peared in 1903. K. G. Kuhn, in his article temporary social problems. Some explana­ "Der Epheserbrief im Lichte der Qumran­ tion of the introduction of Sarah in 3: 6 is texte" (New Testament Studies, VII [July desirable in view of the fact that the reader 1961}, 334-46) has sharpened our appre­ may miss Peter's use of the Old Israel-New ciation of the Jewish context in which Ephe­ Israel motif. Any child knows that the par­ sians was written. Ernest Best, Heinrich able of the lOot Slleep, Luke 15: 3-7, "illus­ Schl;er, ar:d Lucien Cerfau.x and others have trates God's concern for men who lack ability written ably on its theology. Edgar J. Good­ to find him." But what about those ninety­ speed has enlivened the debate on its genesis. nine righteous persons who need no re­ But, like Thucydides' history, Robinson's pentance (v. 7) ? commentary remains a %"tYletCl. ELi;; dd, with These criticisms are made not to discourage its sagacious comments on the Greek text the use of this volume, but to alert the lay­ and its expansive paraphrase for the "Greek­ man to the fact that he cannot dispense with less" reader. The present edition is a reprint more detailed commentaries in studying the of the second edition (1909). Scriptures. This annotated Bible is, however, FREDERICK W. DANKER in many respects the best smdy guide to the RSV of its genre, and the scholarship of FROM STATE CHURCH TO PLURAL­ editors May and Metzger requires no intro­ ISM: A PROTESTANT INTERPRETA­ duction. Their own contributions and those TION OF RELIGION IN AMERICAN of their associates, all capable and distin­ HISTORY. By Franklin Hamlin Littell. guished scholars, deserve a large measure Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday and Com­ of thanks. pany, 1962. xx and 174 pages. Paper. 95 cents. A worthy companion volume is the Oxford Bible Atlas. May's summary of the interna­ "The primary purpose of this essay is to tional context in which Biblical events de­ discuss the development of the American veloped introduces a series of exceptionally churches from the established Protestantism clear maps, accompanied by historical com­ of the colonial state churches to the 'post­ mentary. Most of these maps are utilized to Protestant' era in which [Roman] Catholic­ good advantage in the Annotated Bible. Protestant-Jewish trialogue is opening up A terminal essay, "Archaeology and the new possibilities of theological clarification Bible," by R. W. Hamilton, of Oxford Uni­ and articulation" (p. xviii), Littell states in versity, outlines the major contributions his introduction. Somewhat less than the archeology has made in relating the docu- explosive document that the back cover blurb BOOK REVIEW 307 promises, From State Church to Pluralism in England were no less devastating to phi­ is nevertheless a wide-ranging perceptive sur­ losophy as the "white devil" than were Lu­ vey that reads well whether or not one shares ther's. Picking up the hints of many noted all the by now quite familiar assumptions scholars in Luther research and combining that underlie Littell's approach. them with his own studies of the sources, ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN especially of the Commentary on Galatians, Gerrish concludes that Luther's feud with GRACE AND REASON. By B. A. Gerrish. philosophy was not so much with philosophy New York: Oxford University Press, 1962. as a discipline but rather with philosophical ix and 188 pages. Cloth. $6.75. conclusions that had become the norm for Subtitled "A Study in the Theology of Scriptural interpretation in scholastic theol­ Luther," this book investigates the charge ogy. The evidence is overwhelming. Luther that Luther was given to "irrationalism." The cannot be called an "irrationalist" in his book is entitled Grace and Reason rather approach to the theological task. Reason has than Faith and Reason to emphasize that its proper domain, but it dare not become Luther was not so much concerned with epis­ imper ialistic. temological questions as with soteriological The role of reason in theological formula­ matters. Gerrish succeeds in showing that it tion needs study in Lutheran circles. The is precisely this concern. ·with the soteriologi­ subject ought not be dismissed on the as­ cal that led Luther to make the remarks he sumption that tl: - ~' - -'~ 1 - "" -.'~ • inter­ did about reason and philosophy. Gerrish prets Scripture" settles everything. To Ger­ properly asserts that the use of reason and rish's suggestion that a study comparing the logic in theological formulation needed no attitude of Luther toward reason with that of defense as far as Luther was concerned, and the mystics in the late Middle Ages ought notes that only when reason attempts to to be undertaken, we would add that a simi­ delve into matters beyond its ken does Luther lar study is needed in the area of Luther's score it with the bitter Frau Hulda. Relying attitude toward tradition. Surely here too heavily on the work of Bengt Hagglund (see Luther is actually scoring the abuse of tradi­ this journal, XXVIII [1957}, 441-452), tion and would concede that he was giving the author shows in what sense Luther relied the highest respect to tradition just because on the Occamist tradition for this distinction of his deep respect for Scripture. but also demonstrates Luther's clear rejection of Occam's stress on the role of the human WALTER W. OETTING will in salvation. In much the same manner MODERN CHURCH ARCHITECTURE. Luther relied on the academic tools provided By Albert Christ-Janer and Mary Mix by the Humanists, but rejected their under­ Foley. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1962. standing of the Gospel. Gerrish's remarks 328 pages and index. $9.75. adequately answer the assertions of Karl People who have been more and more be­ Adam (One and Holy) that Luther's attack wildered by the profusion of print in mono­ on Nominalism actually tended to support graphs, architectural journals, and magazines medieval Scholasticism rather than under­ like Protestant Church Building or Your mine it. Church have here a competent and definitive In some pithy phrases Gerrish asserts that volume on contemporary church building. it was Carlstadt, not Luther, who encouraged Competence resides in the authors, a profes­ students to abandon books, and that the com­ sor of art and now dean of the Art School ments of Erasmus and the Oxford Reformers at Pratt Institute, and a free-lance writer in 308 BOOK REVIEW the architectural field. The plan of the book sents his own theology in a handbook of also recommends it, with sections on contem­ basic Christian doctrines. An ordained Bap­ porary Roman Catholic architecture (includ­ tist minister, Mr. Martin represents the con­ ing a word on the fine arts), contemporary servative branch of American Baptists. He is Protestant architecture, and monasteries and at present the director of the Christian Re­ seminaries; with introductory articles to each search Institute, which he founded, and ed­ section (for the Protestant, by Paul Tillich) itor of its Religion Research Digest. In the and subsection; with an article for each struc­ preface to this small volume, he says: "The ture on the architect and client and on the Bible therefore is the source of all the doc­ structure, coupled with a profusion of pic­ trines reviewed in this book and its veracity tures and ground plans and a useful "report and integrity are granted even as 'the founda­ from the clergy" on the success of the build­ tion of God stands sure.''' This is a challenge ing. All of the great edifices are here­ to the reader, especially to the members of buildings by Perret, Schwarz, Boehm, Le Cor­ the cults which he has criticized. Let them busier, Niemeyer, Belluschi (seven churches), search the Scriptures whether those things Wright, Saarinen, Breuer, Gropius, Van der which he confesses as his faith are so. Rohe. There are the new names like Gyo LEWIS W. SPITZ Obatas. There are unpretentious structures ORIGEN AND THE DOCTRINE OF a'ld huge ins~---: ___ 1 :omplexes 1: __ '--.1:_-; GRACE. By Benjamin Drewery. London: Concordia Senior College, Fort VVayne). Epworth rress, 1960. xv and 214 pages. ~"bliographies are pfOvided for the illlli-vici­ Cloth. 30/-. ual structures and movements in design and materials. This is a splendid record of church A result of the Fernley-Hartley lectures at architecture and its underlying presumptions the Methodist Conference of 1960, this book as of 1962. The nonprofessional reader who arranges large translated sections from Ori­ feels that his own judgments are capricious gen's writings under various doctrinal head­ and uninformed will here find help as he ings. Following many studies on the subject can trace the lines of tradition, of new mate­ of grace (especially in French), to which he rials and engineering, and of new theological adds little that is new, Drewery defends his emphases and accents on the worship of own effort by stating his goal as an attempt God's people converging in the genius of to "introduce" the genius of Origen "to the great designers. This is too good a book ordinary [church} members who have an to allow attention to wander to misprints; interest in theological studies." While this I caught "Nicholas" on p.127. The picture reviewer agrees with the author's positive on p. 319 is not of a "speech room" at Con­ estimate of Origen's contribution to Chris­ cordia Senior College, but of one of its tian thought and feels that Drewery has well standard classrooms with men in the upper presented Odgen's theology of grace in Ori­ tier participating with as much gusto as those gen's own words, he does not feel that this in the lower. is an adequate approach for "introducing" RlCHARD R.CAE~ERER Origen to the lay reader. ESSENTIAL CHRISTIANITY. By Walter This reviewer also has a basic concern R. Martin. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zonder­ about the structure of the book. Beginning van Publishing House, 1962. 114 pages. each section with a statement of Origen's Cloth. $1.95. teaching on a given aspect of divine grace Having published a number of books on and then proceeding to prove these state­ various American cults, the author here pre- ments by excerpts from Origen's works, is BOOK REVIEW 309

a highly dubious procedure" It gives the im­ The editors' introductory sketches and histor­ pression of being Origen, but actually the ical essays are very helpful. Each section has very process of selection and categorization a carefully chosen and classified bibliography. can most easily place the emphasis where Unhappily, the Orthodox churches get Origen himself r~,.1 ~~ ;~.~~.;~~ ~£ ::-l'lcing short shrift in this volume; "the very rich­ k Drewery was co11Scious of this possibility: ness of the Orthodox tradition," say the edi­ "The real danger is that the necessary task tors apologetically, "made it impossible even of selection will force his superabundant to make a beginning of representing [that luxuriance of exposition into a straitjacket of tradition] in these already overcrowded our own construction" I have " .. sought to pages." In their "Introduction to the Study let [Origen] speak for himself; and the para· of the Bible" the editors present positions graphs and sub-divisions have been, as it held by "fundamentalists," "liberals," and the were, thrust at me once I had the range of "neo-orthodox." In their approach to the references before my eyes"" Even so, this Sacred Scriptures the editors have followed reviewer admits a preference for a more his· generally the method of historical criticism. torical approach to Origen's writings" The selections of New Testament writings, But after all this is said, the depth of including chapters 1~8 of Paul's keystone Origen's theological genius, his insistence Epistle to the Romans, are excellent. that there is only one theology in the Bible, The section on Rabbinic Judaism has his Christocentri< : both Tes­ writings from Qu..rnran, fren:! the tractates taments, and also the breadth of his influence Aboth, Shabbath, and Hullin. In the sections on the later formulations of the church (the on modern world Judaism there are selec­ theology of "eternal generation of the Logos," tions representing Orthodox Judaism, Con­ to mention only one example) need to be servative Judaism, and Reform Judaism. appreciated not only by Methodists, as Drew­ For the early period of Christianity the ery admits, but also by Lutherans. editors have long selections from the signifi­ WALTER W" OETTING cant Fathers Irenaeus, Cyprian, and Augus­ tine. The introductory essay for the Middle BASIC SOURCES OF THE JUDAEO· Ages of some seven pages is comprehensive. CHRISTIAN TRADITION" Edited by A very generous reading selection from the Fred Berthold, JL, Allen Carlsten, Klaus Summa Theologica of St. Thomas is provided. Penzel, and James Po Ross. Englewood Pertinent decrees and canons of Trent illus­ Cliffs, N.].: Prentice-Hall, 1962" xii and trate the basic Roman Catholic position. 444 pages. Cloth. $10.60. Eighty-eight pages are devoted to the Ref­ The four men responsible for this selec­ ormation era with a classified bibliography tive compilation of basic sources of the Ju­ and selections from writings of the represent­ daeo-Christian tradition are teachers at Dart­ ative men of the period. Included in the mouth, Florida Presbyterian College, and Reformation period selections are such mate­ Drew. Within a framework of generous rials as Luther's Preface to Romans, Calvin's source readings they have shown the reli­ Genesis Commentary, Menno Simons' The gious thought development from Bible times Authority of Scriptttre, the Church, etc., and to the present. These source materials are Wesley's Plain Account. divided into four major area classifications: In the Modern Period section there are Biblical Period, Early and Medieval Periods, representative selections from the papal en­ the Reformation, and the Modern Period. cyclicals, from Maritain and Guardini, and 310 BOOK REVIEW from such writers as Fosdick, Rauschenbusch, century. The editors have produced a volume Channing, Bryan, Warfield, Barth, Bultmann, which not only serves the purposes of their Tillich, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Visser students but should prove a decidedly helpful 't Hooft. manual for the informed layman as well as There are numerous illustrations and a for the parish pastor. "Time Line" from Abraham to the 20th PHIL. J. SCHROEDER

COMPARATIVE SYMBOLICS BOOK NOTES

1. General Works Methodism by the Articles of Religion and Creeds of the Churches: A Reader in John Wesley's The Scripture Way of Sal­ Christiait Doctrine from the Bible to the vation and Mintttes of Some Late Conver­ Present. Ed. John H. Leith. Garden City, sations; Congregationalism by the Cambridge N. Y.: Anchor Books, 1963. x and 589 Platform of 1648; the Roman Catholic pages. Paper. $1.95. This thoroughly ad­ Church by the dogmatic decrees and the mirable compilation by the professor of creed of the Council of Trent, the definitions historical theology at Union Theological of the Immaculate Conception of the B. V. M., Seminary (Presbyterian), Richmond, Va., the infallibility of the pope, and the As­ can hardly be praised too much. The initial sumption, and the encyclical Humam generis; essay on the role of creeds in the church is 17th-century Eastern Orthodoxy by the Con­ followed by selections of creedlike passages fession of Dositheos; the German Confessing from the Sacred Scriptures and from the Church by the ; the church of the second century, a survey of younger churches by the Creed of the the development of the so-called Nicene [Lutheran} Batak Church; the Federal Coun­ Creed in the East, the Christo logical defini­ cil by the 1943 theological declaration on tion of Chalcedon, the decisions of the Synod the relation of the church to war; and the of Orange (529), the Councils of Constan­ ecumenical movement by eight documents, tinople II (553) and III (681) and of from the Lausanne call to unity (1927) to Nicea II (787), the creed and the consti­ the new Delhi statement on unity of 1961. tution Omnis utriusque of the Fourth Lateran Non-English originals are represented by Council (1215), and the stipulation of the standard English translations. The introduc­ doctrine of the seven sacraments prescribed tions are brief but informative. The selected for the Armenians by the 15th-century bibliographies are genuinely helpful. Every Council of Florence. The Lutheran Symbols reader will probably wish to have had at are represented by complete texts of the least one more included; in this reviewer's Augsburg Confession and the Small Cate­ case it would be the . chism; the Reformed confessions by the Nevertheless, this collection is so good and Conclusion of Berne (1528), the Second so useful that it should be received in Helvetic Confession, the Westminster Con­ a spirit of gratitude and not of criticism. fession, and the Helvetic Consensus of 1675; Apart from its usefulness in college and the Anglican Reformation by four homilies seminary classrooms, this book could at the of 1547 and the Thirty-Nine Articles; the parish level be made the basis of a highly Anabaptist movement by the Confessions of instructive adult course on what Christians Schleitheim (1527) and Dordrecht (Dort) have believed and now believe. (1632); the Quaker movement by Barclay's The Church Across the Street: An Intro­ Theological Theses; the Baptists by the New duction to the Ways and Beliefs of Fifteen Hampshire Confession (1833), the Abstract Different Faiths. By Reginald D. Manwell Principles (1859), and the Southern Baptist and Sophia Lyon Fahs. Revised edition. Convention's Faith and Message of 1925; Boston: Beacon Press, 1963. xi and 318 BOOK REVIEW 311 pages. Cloth. $3.95. The first edition of 291 pages. Paper. DM 8.50. Onasch's task this book came out in 1947. It is the work in writing this introduction for the Samm­ of a professor of zoology who has been lung Goschen was not made any easier by a church school teacher for 35 years and the fact that he is professor at the German of a woman teacher of religious education at Democratic Republic's Martin-Luther-Uni­ Union Theological Seminary who in 1959 versitiit Halle-Wittenberg. He has succeeded "was ordained into the Unitarian ministry in nevertheless in producing what is probably recognition of her lifetime of service to re­ the best recent compendium of information ligious education." After a brief introduc­ about Eastern Orthodoxy by a non-Orthodox tion come 13 chapters, each about a "single in any language. With admirable compact­ pioneer who played an important part, but ness and economy he sketches the history of not necessarily a major part, in the estab­ Byzantine, modern Greek, and Slavic Ortho­ lishment of raj new church" (p. vii) - doxy; surveys the statistics of the various Martin Luther, John Calvin, Michael Servetus Orthodox and Uniat bodies; describes the (for the Unitarians), Ignatius Loyola (for Divine Liturgy, the canonical hours, and the the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern church year of Orthodoxy; outlines the roles Orthodox Churches [!J), Thomas Cranmer, of tradition, canon law, the hierarchy, the Robert Browne, John Bunyan, George Fox, sacraments; summarizes Orthodox practice in John Wesley, Hosea Ballou, Thomas and the areas of monasticism, missions, and piety; Alexander Campbell, Joseph Smith, and and briefly depicts distinctive Orthodox theo­ Mary Baker Eddy. The two final chapters logical emphases. The satisfactorily inter­ cover the United Church of Canada and the national bibliography is adequate, the vitally "mother of all churches," Judaism. The important index excellent. lively, popular, and sympathetic presentations suffer from the bias of their authors and III. Roman Catholicism from an unduly large number of errors in Roman Catholicism. By Loraine Boettner. factual detail. The 33 full-page illustrations Philadelphia: The Presbyterian and Re­ are well chosen. formed Publishing Company, 1962. ix and II. Eastern Orthodoxy 466 pages. Cloth. $5.95. This is an im­ passioned Presbyterian tract against popery The Eastern Orthodox Church: Its Thought which leans heavily on the works of Mc­ and Life (Geist und Leben der Ostkirche). Loughlin, Blanshard, Chiniquy, Zacchello, By Ernst Benz, trans. Richard and Clara Winston. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday and Lehmann. It repeats the hoary legend of ang. Company, 1963. vi and 230 pages. Luther's conversion on the Scala santa, makes Paper. 95 cents. This excellent brief study Luther the first to have translated the Bible by an internationally known scholar on into German, and describes (at second hand) Eastern Orthodoxy, the original German the Lutheran Church as teaching "consub­ version of which was reviewed in this jour­ stantiation" and the tenet that in the Holy nal, Vol.XXXI (1960), p.63, is herewith Communion "the elements are figurative" happily made available to English-speaking (p.173). readers. Although the 13-page bibliography Romanism in the Light of Scripture. By contains 22 items in English, it is still heavily ]. Dwight Pentecost. Chicago: Moody Press, and understandably weighted in the direction c. 1962. 127 pages. Cloth. $2.50. The of the German sources which the original professor of Bible exposition of the unde­ readers of Rowohlts deutsche Enzyklopadie nominational premillennialist Dallas (Tex. ) (in which this title originally appeared) Theological Seminary here publishes seven would find accessible. sermons which he delivered to the congre­ Einfuhrung in die Konfessionskunde der gation of the Grace Bible Church in that dty. orthodoxen Kirchen. By Konrad Onasch. In them he gives predictable Fundamentalist Berlin: Walter de Gruyter und Co., 1962. answers to the questions if Rome is a church 312 BOOK REVIEW or a state, if Mary is the mother of God, Among the assets immediately at hand among if Mary is coredemptrix, if Peter was the the Lutherans are a confessional tradition, first pope, if salvation is by works or by a surviving liturgical structure, and a sense faith, if there is a purgatory, and "what if of community which, however much it may the Vatican controls the White House." In be the product of cultural factors, may make the light of the title of the book, it may be it easier for them than for most Protestant significant that there is not a single quotation denominations to recover the 'integrity of from the Sacred Scriptures in the last chapter. church membership' without which Protes­ tants are ill-equipped to participate effectively IV. Protestantism in the dialogue of a pluralistic society" American Protestantism. By Winthrop S. (p. 176). The 6-page chronological table Hudson. Chicago: The University of Chicago (although the 1960 entry needs revision) Press, c. 1961. ix and 198 pages. Cloth. and 8 pages of book suggestions are helpful $3.95. Colgate-Rochester's church historian appendices. Hudson, author of The Great Tradition of Protestantism. Ed. J. Leslie Dunstan. New the Ame1'ican Churches, makes a noteworthy York: George Braziller, 1961. 255 pages. contribution to the Chicago History of Amer­ Cloth. $4.00. This is a not too successfully ican Civilization series with this compactly constructed mosaic of excerpts from primary arranged volume. In essence his thesis is and secondary sources, with Andover-New­ that American Protestantism received its ton's Dunstan providing the frame and some shape between 1607 and 1787 (chap. 1); editorial grout mg. Dunstan posits "Protes­ that from 1787 to 1914 American Protestant­ tant" unity on the precarious premise that ism shaped a Protestant America (chap. 2) ; "Protestantism rests firmly upon the belief and that since 1914 Protestantism has been that God deals directly with man as a person, on the defensive in a post-Protestant America so that salvation is gained 'by faith alone'" (chap. 3). His discussion of "denomina­ (p. 9). He refuses on principle to "attempt tionalism" is particularly valuable and to to deal with the many different gronp, which some extent qualifies his observations about have existed and do exist within Protestant­ the essential unity of "Protestantism." For ism" (p. 11 ), although the unadmitted facts Lutherans it is of more than passing interest of the situation frequently require him to that the book concludes with this paragraph: negate the principle in his actual exposition. "The final prospect for a vigorous renewal The volume is part of the series Great Re­ of Protestant life and witness rests with the ligions of Modern Man. Lutheran churches which had overcome much of their fragmentation by 1960 and had V. Anglicanism grouped themselves into three main bodies. The Church in the 60's. Ed. P. C. Jeffer­ All had exhibited an ability to grow during son. Greenwich, Conn.: The Seabury Press the post-World War II years, with The Lu­ (Toronto: The Anglican Congress), 1962. theran Church - Missouri Synod making the 153 pages. Paper. $1.50. The "church" in greatest gains. The Lutheran churches are in the title is the Anglican Communion. The the fortunate position of having been, in book, to which the archbishop of Canterbury varying degrees, insulated from American and the presiding bishop of the Protestant life for a long period of time. As a result Episcopal Church in the U. S. A. contribute they have been less subject to the theological a foreword and a preface respectively, fore­ erosion which so largely stripped other de­ casts the Anglican Congress to be held in nominations of an awareness of their con­ Toronto in 1963 (for the discussions and tinuity with a historic Christian tradition. deliberations of which the book intends to Thus the resources of the Christian past have provide a background). It reviews the Min­ been more readily available to them, and this neapolis Congress of 1954; discusses Angli­ fact suggests that they may have an increas­ can responsibility over against the challenges ingly important role in a Protestant recovery. of missions, contemporary scientism and ex- BOOK REVIEW 313

istentialism, and political and cultural de­ James H. Jordan, exemplify the Anglo­ velopments; outlines the problems of mo­ Catholic position on the virtues, on self­ bilizing manpower and organizing a world discipline and its techniques, and on the communion for action; and depicts the An­ seven rites which Anglo-Catholicism regards glican denomination finding its place among as sacraments. At a time when considerable the churches of Christendom and fulfilling uncertainty about a large number of points its destiny in meetin.g the tasks ahead. The in Christendom's historic faith manifests it­ 10 essays, by 10 of the denomination's most self within the Protestant Episcopal Church, capable leaders, give a good, even though the general tenor of this book is reassuring. somewhat (in the premises necessatily) ideal­ ized self-portrait of mid-20th-century An­ VI. Baptists glicanism. Authority and Power in the Free Church The Truth and the Life: Essays on Doc­ Tradition: A Social Case Study of the Amer­ trine by Priests of the American Church ican Baptist Convention. By Paul M. Har­ Union. Ed. Albert J duBois. New York: rison. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University American Church Union (Morehouse-Barlow Press, 1959. xix and 248 pages. Cloth. Co. ), c. 1961. 207 pages. Cloth. $4.75. $5.00. 'The Baptists may have been wise The American Church Union represents gen­ when they removed the bishops from their erally a somewhat militant Anglo-Catholi­ places; but when they also eliminated the cism. Six priests of the Union, in essays ecclesiastical authority of their own associa­ that are evidently meant to be didactic and tions the bishops returned in business suits confessional rather (han either novel or to direct affairs from behind the curtain of persuasive, discuss from an Anglo-Catholic the center stage," says Harrison, himself an viewpoint in implicit antithesis to other American Baptist and a teacher of religion viewpoints held in their denomination the at Princeton. His thesis, carefully validated importance of "sound doctrine," the incar­ and documented, is that there is a serious nation, the atonement, the resurrection, the discrepancy amounting to a contradiction implications of our Lord's ascension for our between Baptist faith and Baptist practice; sanctification, and the sacraments. Certainty while official Baptist doctrine asserts that of true doctrine, says Dean Robert Capon, church councils have no authority and de­ is arrived at by ttust in God the Word, who nominational officials no power, the central possesses intrinsic final authority. "The Bible leadership of the Baptist bodies in America and the Church derive their authority from actually exercises very great authority over Him: the Church by commission and mystical both the national organization and the local union, so that it is God's Word incorporate. congregations. Lutherans, currently con­ The Bible is not the prime source of author­ fronted with a parallel problem (although ity to the Church, and the Church is not the for theological reasons an intrinsically dif­ prime source of authority to the Bible. The ferent one), can with matked benefit and Word of God - that is, God the Word­ profit read this study of a denomination with is the first source to both of them" (p. 37). which they are not emotionally involved. The late Everett B. Bosshard's essay on the What Is the Church?: A Symposium of incarnation commits itself to the Christology Baptist Thought. Ed. Duke K. McCall. of the first four general councils, the same Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman Press, c. 1958. Christology to which the Lutheran Symbols viii and 189 pages. Cloth. $3.00. Ecclesiol­ commit Lutherans. In his paper on the ogy is a crucial 20th-century locus in most atonement Grieg Tabor sees it as "the work denominational theologies, and although the of love, and that the obedience of Christ was last serious general discussion of the doctrine rooted in love" (p. 73). The essay on the of the church took place over half a century resurrection strongly affirms the traditional back, the Southern Baptist Convention has theses about our Lord's rising to life again. not been spared concern in this area. The The last two essays, by James Richards and papers in this book, the product of two 314 BOOK REVIEW successive summers of st:udy, are by seven He praises Wesley's catholic spmt, his real theological professors (five of them at South­ concern for doctrine, and his rejection of the ern Baptist Theological Seminary at Louis­ idea of unity by reduction. Williams' anal­ ville), two pastors, and one denominational ysis of authority and experience in Wesley's administrator. In addition to the introduc­ theology discloses a commitment to the prin­ tion, thefe are discussions of the nature of ciple of Jola Scriptum and to a kind of verbal the church, its origin, the ministry in the inspiration which does not preclude a respect New Testament churches, the New Testament for trad1tion and a right use of reason. The doctrine of Baptism and the Lord's Supper, bulk of Williams' work is organized around the Anabaptist view of the church, the be­ the Wesleyan order of salvation: prevenient ginnings of Baptist churches, the "Landmark" grace (with a chapter on original sin fol­ controversy in the Southern Baptist Conven­ lowing), repentance and (with tion, Christian stewardship, and church dis­ a chapter on the atonement), the work of the cipline. The symposium presents a picture Holy Spirit in new birth and assurance, of general agreement with some significant repentance in believers (with a chapter on differences. The insights of the newer Bib­ the church), Christian perfection, and escha­ lical theology, the influence of the European tology. An appendix takes up the unresolved theological revival (notably in the form of tension between truth and unity that emerges Brunner's thought), and the inescapable im­ in Wesley's doctrine of church and ministry pact of the ecumenical movement are not in the mirror of his relation to the Church wholJ, .. ditional Baptist of E __ .;land. formulations. The jacket blurb is wholly VIII. l\1em~onites and Anabaptists COrreLl. .. i:7~,~" ~':"'l ,,~'vws where certain responsible Baptist scholars stand. . . . For The Mennonites in Indiana and Michigan. those who want to understand Baptists, it is By John Christian Wenger. Scottdale, Pa.: a crucial book." Herald Press, c. 1961. xv and 470 pages, plus 20 pages of plates. Cloth. $7.95. Six­ VII. Methodism teen years of study and research have gone John Wesley: A Biography. By Ingvar into this chronicle, Vol. X in the series Haddal. New York: Abingdon Press, c. 1961. Studies in Anabaptist and Mennonite History. v and 175 pages. Cloth. $3.50. Haddal It covers a 120-year period which begins in brings to the writing of this biography of the early 1800s, when the first Mennonite his denomination's founder a professional settlers trekked into Ohio from Pennsylvania, journalist's sense of what is interesting and to be followed soon after by the first of the the religious enthusiasm of a man who for Mennonite immigrants from the Swiss Jura. a decade has been secretary of the Methodist The chapter headed "Historical and Inter­ annual conference of Norway. The presen­ pretive Survey" is a model summary of the tation is popular, frank, and fair. Haddal history, doctrine, and piety of the Mennon­ obviously admires Wesley's vast ability, drive, ites in the two states involved. The bulk and consecration without becoming a blind of the individual congregations reported on hero-worshiper. Apart from an occasional belong to the Mennonite Church, but atten­ slip in technical terminology, the reader is tion is also given to eight other Mennonite not likely to sense that the fascinating per­ bodies, eight Amish bodies, and 10 bodies sonal history he is reading is a translation. of related denominations. Historical sketches John Wesley's Theology Today. By Colin of all the congregations and biographical W. Williams. New York: Abingdon Press, sketches of all the ordained men provide c. 1960. 252 pages. Cloth. $4.50. Austra­ a mine of detailed information that a his­ lian Methodist Williams shatters some pop­ torian of The Lutheran Church - Missouri ular stereotypes in this valuable and carefully Synod must regard with frank envy, unavail­ documented study of the Wesleyan tradition able as such information is on such a scale in the light of the current theological dialog. in our circles. ARTHUR CARL PIEPKORN BOOK REVIEW 315

BOOK NOTES A History of Historical Writing. By Harry the non-reflective Athenian of the fifth cen­ Elmer Barnes. Second edition. New York: tury B. C. thought about ethical issues. Be­ Dover Publications, 1962. 440 pages. Paper. ginning with Homer the author shows how $2.25. The original work was published by the question What is justice? gradually Barnes in 1937; the revisions consist largely dwarfs all other issues. The meaning of in bringing the bibliography and notes up to terms such as UQE1;'r], crro

Apocrypha especially written for this new 1962. Iv and 558 pages. Paper. $2.25. edition by Morton S. Enslin, editor of the Herzl (1860-1904), Hungarian-born Journal of Biblical Literature. dramatist, belles-lettres critic of the Vienna Catalogue of Doctoral Dissertations: Prince­ Allgemeine Zeitung, Paris correspondent, ton Theological Seminary, 1944-1960. and dedicated assimilationist, was brought Princeton, N. J.: Princeton Theological Sem­ face to face with the ugly facts of European inary, 1962. 119 pages. Paper. Price not anti-Semitism by the Dreyfus case in France given. Abstracts or about 90 Th. D. disser­ and the pogroms that raged in Russia, Ru­ tations together with biographical data about mania, and Poland. Reconverted by these their authors are here presented in con­ experiences to the Judaism that he had venient form. Most of these would probably abandoned, he dedicated the remainder of be available in Dissertation Abstracts. Nev­ ertheless, it is valuable to have this volume his life to the nationalist political movement as a record of the contribution of the Prince­ to which he looked for the solution of "the ton Theological Seminary graduate program Jewish problem." Bein's patiently researched to theological research in America. The biography of the founder of political Zion­ record is impressive. ism was published in German in Vienna in How lo Organize Yom- Clml'ch Library. 1934; Samuel's English translation, here re­ By Alice ~~raughan. Westwood, N. J.: Flem- produced without alteration, first came out :1' - H. Revell Cc, 1962. 64 page _ in 1940/1941. $ 00. Another do-it-yourself book for the A Guide to Chl'istian Thougbt for the pi ish librari '. r better n By Paul Riss, Harold dun any of its predecessors. The recent Lutheran Scbolar. How to Organize Your School Library by Roellig, and Francis Wagschal. Bayside, Daryl Meinke will probably be of more use N. Y.: The Rev. Harold F. Roellig, [1962}. to most Missouri Synod Lutherans. v and 30 pages. Paper. Price not given. The Challenge of the World Religions A useful short bibliography for university (Die Mission del' Weltreligionen). By Georg srodents and intelligent laymen by three Lu­ F. Vicedom, trans, Barbara and Karl Hertz. theran clergymen serving the campuses of Philadelphia: Fortress Press, c. 1963. xii and Metropolitan New York. Some standard 161 pages. Cloth. $3.50. The German items are not mentioned, for example, the original of this disturbing and important Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. book was reviewed in this journal, VoL Frequently a later edition of a work has XXXII (1961),241. appeared than that listed. This should not The Faith of a Heretic. By Walter Kauf­ detract from the general utility of the list mann. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday and for the intended user. It may be hoped that Co., 1963. xi and 414 pages. Paper. $1.45. furore editions of the Guide will list the This is an Anchor Books reissue of a de­ official professional clergy journals of the liberately provocative statement of the case respective Lutheran church bodies. against organized religion first copyrighted in 1959 and reviewed in this journal, Vol. The Great Tradition of the American XXXIII (1962), 311. Churches. By Winthrop Hudson. New York: Theodore Herzl: A Biography of the Harper & Row, 1963. 282 pages. Paper. Founder of Modem Zionism (The odor $ 1.60. This is a very slightly revised paper­ Herzl: Biographie). By Alex Bein; trans­ back reissue of the original 1953 edition of lated by Maurice Samuel. Cleveland: The this important book, reviewed in this journal, World Publishing Company (Philadelphia: XXVI (August 1955), 628-630. The Jewish Publication Society of America), Old Testament Heritage. By Alfred 1. BOOK REVIEW 317

Creager. Philadelphia: United Church Press, Ramsay. Boston: The Christopher Publish­ 1962. 11 pages. Paper. $1.45. This volume ing House, c. 1962. 230 pages. Cloth. $3.95. offers "the beginning Bible student" a popu­ Chapman (1859-1918) was a distinguished larization of "the panoramic view" of "the Presbyterian pastor and internationally whole Old Testament landscape." The isa­ famous evangelist whose career reached gogical opinions expressed are of contempo­ a peak in 1909. Since Chapman's activities rary critical scholarship. Creager approaches at one time or another impinged upon those the Old Testament with the conviction that of most of his contemporaries in the field of "God had a unique part in its writing." He professional evangelism, Southern Presby­ succeeds in eliminating what he calls "the terian Ramsay's posthumously published technical details of biblical scholarship," for study is a useful contribution to the history which the beginning student may be grate­ and biography of the entire evangelist move­ ful. But for the benefit of that same begin­ ment of the period. ning student the author might have done The Second Period of Quakerism. By W il­ more to show the relationship between the liam C. Braithwaite; second edition by Henry Old Testament and the N ew - a relation­ J. Cadbury. New York: Cambridge Univer­ ship which he only rarely hints at, for exam­ sity Press, 1961. xxxvi and 735 pages. ple, in the statement that the messages of Cloth. $5.50. This monumental volume first the prophets are "a preparation for Chris­ came out in 1919. It is a sequel to Braith­ tianity and its gospel." waite's The Beginni1Jgs of Quakerism (first j\1eet the Lutherans: Introducing the Lu­ published in 1912 and republished in 1955), theran Church in North America. By G. which carried the history of George Fox and Everett Arden. Rock Island, Ill. : Augustana the Society of Friends through the 1650s. Press, c.1962. 74 pages. Paper. $1.45. An The volume here noted continues the ac­ introduction plus five chapters - "Lutherans count to 1725. The two volumes together Discover America," "What Lutherans Believe constitute the standard history of the move­ and Teach," "How Lutherans Worship," ment for the period covered. The present "Lutherans at Work," "Lutherans in Canada" edition is photolithoprinted from the cor­ - sketch American Lutheran history and rected sheets of the impression of 1921, activity in very broad outlines. The stress with an appreciative introduction by Fred­ is understandably on Arden's own Lutheran erick B. Tolles replacing the original Fore­ Church in America. The statement on Holy word by Rufus Jones, with about 150 Communion in the second chapter is regret­ corrections and changes in the text, and with tably vague. 67 pages of additional notes by Cadbury Glorious Heretic: The Story of Guido which call attention to new studies or to de Bres, Author of the , newly discovered sources. Told for the First Time in English. By Richelieu and the French Monarchy. By Thea B. van Halsema. Grand Rapids, Mich.: C. V. Wedgwood. Revised edition. New William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, York: Collier Books, c.1962. 155 pages. c.1961. 38 pages. Paper. 75 cents. A well­ Paper. $1.50. This is a lively and thor­ written and moving popular account of the oughly readable account of the great Gallic life and martyrdom of Guy de Bres (1522 prince of the church who rebuilt a France to 1567), an influential Belgian disciple of riddled by "the irresponsible power of the John Calvin. nobles, the separation of the Huguenots, and John Wilbur Chapman: The Man, His the decrepit prestige of the crown" (p. 43) Methods and His Message. By John C. into a major European power - in a lifetime 318 BOOK REVIEW

of merciless resolution and political daring. McCann. New York: Collier Books, 1962. Miss Wedgwood is an English historian 128 pages. Paper. 95 cents. Adam, a long­ whose specialty is 17th-century history; her time member of the Roman Catholic theo­ history of the Thirty Years' War is a stand­ logical faculty of the University of Tiibingen, ard work. Riche/ieu, written originally for is one of the most evangelical of Roman the "Teach Yourself History" series, first Catholic teachers of the first half of the 20th came out in 1949, and is here reissued with century, and Christ Our Brother is one of minor revisions. his most evangelical works. This paperback Christ Our Brother (Christus Unser Bru­ reissue is an unaltered reprint of the 1931 der). By Karl Adam; translated by Justin edition.

BOOKS RECEIVED (The mention of a book in this list acknowledges its receipt and does not preclude further discussion of its contents in the Book Review section) Babylonian and Assyrian Religi01z. By S. What Je5m Did. By Theodore Parker H. Hooke. Norman, Okla.: University of Ferris. New York: Oxford University Press, Oklahoma Press, 1963. xv and 131 pages. c. 1963. 131 pages. Cloth. $3.25. Cloth. 1t3.75. The T .0 .,' Tyconius' Com· Christians, the Church rind Property. By mentary on Revelation. Ed. Francesco Lo Bruce Morgan. Philadelphia: The West­ Bue. =_bridge University minster Press, c. 1963. 304 pages. Cloth. Press, c. 1962. xv and 196 pages. Paper. $5.95. Price not given. Christianity and the Encounter of World The Communion of Saints (La communion Religions. By Paul Tillich. New York: Co­ des saints). By Emilien Lamirande, trans. lumbia University Press, c. 1963. 97 pages. A. Manson. New York: Hawthorn Books, Cloth. $2.75. c. 1963. 160 pages. Cloth. $3.50. The Church and Faith in Mid-America. Edt/cation for Christian Living. By Ran­ By Victor Obenhaus. Philadelphia: The dolph Crump Miller. Second edition. Engle­ Westminster Press, c. 1963. 174 pages. wood Cliffs, N. Prentice-Hall, c. 1963. Cloth. $3.75. J.: xvi and 462 pages. Cloth. $7.95. The Handbook of Public Prayer. Ed. Roger Geffen. New York: The Macmillan Essays in Christian Philosophy. By Mary Company, c. 1963. xx and 204 pages. Carman Rose. Boston: The Christopher Pub­ Cloth. $5.50. lishing House, c. 1963. 200 pages. Cloth. $3.75. Judas. By 19a1 Mossinsohn, trans. from the Hebrew by Jules Harlow. New York: Jack-in-the-Pulpit: Cantos of Wisdom for St. Martin's Press, c. 1963. 303 pages. Cloth. Our Time. By 1. S. Hoffman. New York: $5.95. Greenwich Book Publishers, c. 1961. 148 Libri liturgici Provinciae Nidrosiensis pages. Cloth. $2.75. medii aevi. Vol. 1: Manuale Norvegicum. The Lawyers of the Last Capetians. By Ed. Helge Faehn. Oslo: Universitetsf6rlaget, Franklin J. Pegues. Princeton, N. J.: Prince­ 1962. xlvi and 218 pages. Paper. Price not ton University Press, c. 1962. xii and 256 given. pages. Cloth. $6.00. Toda/s Vocation Crisis. Trans. and ed. Luther 1Jnd Thomas im Gesprach. By Godfrey Poage and Germain Lievin. West­ Stephanus Pfiirtner. Heidelberg: Kerle Ver­ minster, Md.: The Newman Press, c. 1962. lag, c. 1961. 183 pages. Cloth, DM 8.80; 435 pages. Cloth. $5.95. paper, DM 5.80. BOOK REVIEW 319

The New Jewish Encyclopedia. Ed. David Daughters of St. Paul, c. 1962. 927 pages. Bridger and Samuel \Y/olk. New York: Cloth. $9.00. Behrman House, c. 1962. xvi and 541 pages. Hugh of Saint Victor: Selected Spiritual Cloth. $12.50. Writings. Translated by a Religious of the The Sermons of John Donne. VoL 10. Community of St. Mary the Virgin, ed. J. M. Ed. Evelyn M. Simpson and George R. Pot­ Hussey. New York: Harper and Row, ter. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California c. 1962. 196 pages. Cloth. $5.00. Press, c. 1962. xx and 479 pages. Cloth. Kierkegaard as Theologian: The Dialectic $10.00. of Christian Existence (Kierkegaards Theolo­ The Setting of the Sermon on the Mount. gie). By Louis Dupre. New York: Sheed By W. D. Davies. New York: Cambridge and \lVard, c. 1963. xx and 229 pages. University Press, c. 1963. xii and 504 pages. Cloth. $5.00. The Zondervan Pictorial Bible Dictionary. The Liturgy: Papal Teachings. Selected Ed. Merrill C. Tenney. Grand Rapids: Zon­ and arranged by the Benedictine Monks of dervan Publishing House, c. 1963. xvi and Solesmes, trans. Daughters of St. Paul. Bos­ 927 pages and 22 maps. Cloth. $9.95. ton: Daughters of St. Paul, c. 1962. 670 The Talmudic Anthology: Tales and pages. Cloth. $5.00. Teachings of the Rabbis. Ed. Louis 1. New­ Memoirs of the Catholic University of man and Samuel Spitz. Third printing. New America 1918-1960. By Roy]. Deferrari. York: Behrman House, 1962 L~_.i and 570 Boston: Daughter:: d St. Paul, Co 1962. 458 pages. Cloth. $6.50. pages. Cloth. $5.00. Commentary on the Second Epistle to The Beginni11g OJ ...,hNstianity. By Clar­ the Corinthians. By Philip E. Hughes. ence Tucker Craig. New York: Abingdon Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans, Press, c. 1963. 366 pages. Paper. $1.75. c. 1962. xxxvi and 508 pages. Cloth. $6.00. Educational Psychology in the Classroom. EJJentials of Learning: An Overview for By Henry Clay Lindgren. Second edition. Students of Education. By Robert M. W. New York: John Wiley and Sons, c. 1962. Travers. New York: The Macmillan Co., xviii and 574 pages. Cloth. $6.95. c. 1963. xv and 544 pages. Cloth. $7.50. The Great Promise (Die Verheissung). By Luther (Luther). By Franz Lau, trans. Karl Barth, trans. Hans Freund. New York: Robert H. Fischer. Philadelphia: The West­ Philosophical Library, c. 1963. 70 pages. minster Press, c. 1963. 178 pages. Cloth. Cloth. $2.75. $3.75. Morals and Religion. By Fred S. Elder. Out of the Depths (Die Lebensangst und New York: Philosophical Library, c. 1963. ihre Oberwindung). By Helmut Thielicke, xvi and 179 pages. Cloth. $3.75. trans. G. W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids: Wil­ liam B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., c. 1962. Pharisaism and Jesus. By Samuel Umen. 89 pages. Cloth. $2.50. New York: Philosophical Library, c. 1963. xiv and 145 pages. Cloth. $3.75. Unity: Man's Tomorrow (L'Unite: espe­ rance de vie). By Roger Schutz. New York: A Quest for Vitality in Religion. By Find­ Herder and Herder, c. 1963. 94 pages. ley B. Edge. Nashville, Tenn.: Broaclman Cloth. $2.95. Press, c. 1963. 251 pages. Cloth. $3.95. Zwingli: A Reformed Theologian. By Sermons to Intellectuals from Three Con­ Jaques Courvoisier. Richmond, Va.: John tinents. Ed. Franklin H. Littell. New York: Knox Press, c. 1963. 101 pages. Paper. The Macmillan Company, c. 1963. xii and $1.75. 160 pages. Cloth. $3.95. The Church: Papal Teachings. Selected A Tale of Ancient Egypt. By Frederick C. and arranged by the Benedictine Monks of Heckel. New York: Philosophical Li brary, Solesmes, trans. E. O'Gorman. Boston: c. 1963. 126 pages. Cloth. $3.75. 320 BOOK REVIEW

Teilhard de Chardin: Scientist and Seer. and John 1. Herma. New York: Columbia By Charles E. Raven. New York: Harper University Press, c. 1962. xiv and 160 pages. and Row, c. 1962. 221 pages. Cloth. $4.00. Cloth. $3.75. Unity and Reform: Selected Writings of A Decade of Alcoholism Research. By Nicholas de Cusa. Ed. John P. Dolan. Notre Robert E. Popham and Wolfgang Schmidt. Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, c. 1962. 268 pages. Cloth. $6.50. c. 1962. viii and 64 pages. Cloth. $2.95. Die Auflorderungen zur Flucht und zum The Heidelberg Catechism with Commen­ Kampf im Alttestamentlichen Propheten­ tary. By Allen O. Miller and M. Eugene spruch. By Robert Bach. Neukirchen Kreis Osterhaven. Philadelphia: United Church Moers: Neukirchener Verlag, 1962. 112 Press, c. 1963. 224 pages. Paper. Price not pages. Paper. DM 11.25. given. Africa at the Crossroads. By James H. Jeremiah: Man and Prophet. By Sheldon Robinson. Philadelphia: The Westminster H. Blank. Cincinnati: Hebrew Union Col­ Press, c. 1962. 83 pages. Paper. $1.25. lege Press, c. 1961. 260 pages. Cloth. $6.50. The Cup of Trembling: A Play in Two The Works of Bonaventure. Vol. II: The Acts Derived from the Life of Dietrich Bon­ Breviloq1J,ium. Trans. from the Latin by Jose hoefler. By Elizabeth Berryhill. Greenwich, de Vinck. Paterson, N. J.: St. Anthony Guild Conn.: The Seabury Press, c. 1958. 90 pages. Press, c. 1963. xviii and 326 pages. Cloth. Paper. $1.50. $6.75. Darwin and the Modern World View. By The New Commtmity in Christ: Essays on _T_l..'1 C. I'"'--ene. "Y-w y __ I_: Th: ~T"W Amer- the Corporate Christian Life. Ed. James ican Library, c. 1963. 126 pages. Paper. Burtness and John Kildahl. ]Viinneapolis: 60 cents. Augsburg Publishing House, c. 1963. 207 Drama Services. No.1: Ambassador of pages. Cloth. $4.50. Fire; 30 pages. No.2: Light of the Wodd; The 1963 Yearbook of The American 39 pages. No.3: On the Eve of Holy Week; Lutheran Church. Ed. William Larsen and 28 pages. By Harold Bassage. Greenwich, Shirley A. Ledin. Minneapolis: Augsburg Conn.: The Seabury Press, c. 1957. Paper. Publishing House, c. 1962. 368 pages. 65 cents each. Paper. $1.25. Expository Preaching Without Notes. By The Power of Reason. Ed. Robert M. Charles W. Koller. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Hutchins. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Center for Baker Book House, c. 1962. 132 pages. Cloth. $2.50. the Study of Democratic Institutions, 1963. 96 pages. Paper. Price not given. Francis: A Biography of the Saint of Assisi. By Michael de la Bedoyere. New Religion. Ed. Donald McDonald. Santa York: Harper and Row, c. 1962. 288 pages. Barbara, Calif.: Center for the Study of Cloth. $6.00. Democratic Institutions, 1963. 79 pages. New Testament Tools and Studies. Vol. Paper. Price not given. III: Greek Particles in the New Testament. Salvation History: A Biblical Interpreta­ By Margaret E. Thrall, ed. Bruce M. Metzger. tion. By Eric C. Rust. Richmond, Va.: John Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans Knox Press, c. 1962. 325 pages. Cloth. Publishing Co., c. 1962. x and 107 pages. $6.00. Cloth. $4.00. We1zn die Piipste sprechen: Das ardent· Life and Holi7less. By Thomas Merton. fiche Lehramt des apostolischen Stuhles und New York: Herder and Herder, c. 1963. die Zustimmung zu dessen Entscheidungen. xiv and 162 pages. Cloth. $3.50. By Fidelis M. Gallati. Vienna: Herder Ver­ T he Optimistic Tradition and American lag, 1960. xvi and 207 pages. Cloth. Price Youth. By Eli Ginzberg, James K. Anderson, not given.