Integrated Digital Project Delivery

The Way We Build

Gammon Construction Limited 28th Floor, Devon House, , 979 King's Road,

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Jointly owned by Jardines and Balfour Beatty Our ChiefExecutiveonhowdigital tools arerevolutionisingGammon and theconstructionindustry. IDPD, ishelpingustomakeadifferenceintoday’sworld. In thesepages,wedescribehowIntegratedDigitalProjectDelivery, sophisticated electronictoolsbutchangingthemindsetofpeople. The waywebuildtodayisnotonlyaboutemployingnew,more The WayWeBuild... The WayWe Think creativity tomakeconstruction The applicationofdataand The WayWe Innovate more efficientand cost-effective. BIMjourneyfrom3Dto10D. The WayWe communication onour Connect Collaboration and

CONCEPT & DESIGN: YELLOW CREATIVE (HK) LIMITED www.yellowcreative.com The WayWe faster, saferandsmarter. are makingconstruction Gammon initiativesthat Lead on theconstructionindustry The impactofourinitiatives 28 Footnotes 26 12 08 04 02 Contents The Way Ahead of tomorrow. The WayAhead The WayWeLead The WayWeConnect The WayWeInnovate The WayWeThink Contents

02 The Way We Think 04 The Way We Innovate 08 The Way We Connect 12 The Way We Lead 26 The Way Ahead 28 Footnotes

The Way We Lead Gammon initiatives that are making construction faster, safer and smarter. The Way Ahead The impact of our initiatives on the construction industry of tomorrow. The Way We Think

In 2018, we at Gammon are celebrating our 60th anniversary and the many years we have been contributing to the development of Hong Kong, and .

Thomas Ho, JP Chief Executive

In the years ahead, our vision is to transform Gammon by pushing back the boundaries of technology for the benefit of our clients and the construction industry at large. Central to this vision is a new way of thinking about how to build for increased productivity, safety, quality and sustainability.

Video: IDPD We call this approach Integrated Digital Project Delivery, or IDPD.

2 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

“Over the next 10 years, Hong Kong will complete or embark upon HK$3 trillion in construction projects.”

Although IDPD has only been recently introduced in Another important aspect of IDPD is the way a project Hong Kong by Gammon, it is currently being practised is delivered through Design for Manufacturing and in Singapore, the UK, Finland and Sweden, where Assembly, or DfMA (also known as Modular Integrated it is known as integrated digital delivery. This is the Construction). By manufacturing building components direction in which the global industry is headed, and we offsite rather than in-situ, DfMA offers a number of believe it is incumbent upon us not only to follow but to major benefits, including significantly shortened lead this process of digital transformation. construction programmes, improved quality and enhanced worker safety. The digital tools underlying IDPD – Building Information Modelling (BIM), laser and drone data clouds, In Singapore, we used DfMA extensively on the Global communication platforms, IoT sensor output and more Switch data centre project, where we produced over – are already in use in the local construction industry. 60% of the Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) What is different about IDPD, however, is the way it ties services offsite and 70% of the precast components all of these tools together to achieve greater efficiencies for the external structure. Indeed, the project made in construction as well as increased communication such extensive use of offsite manufacturing that it has and collaboration. become a showcase project for Singapore’s Building and Construction Authority. But what exactly is IDPD? In short, it is an approach for managing construction projects that fully integrates Over the next 10 years, Hong Kong will complete or processes and people over the entire course of a embark upon HK$3 trillion in construction projects. Yet project, from the initial planning and design stages during this period, the industry will also have to deal through to facilities management. with chronic labour shortages, rising material prices and relatively low productivity rates. It is my firm belief The backbone of IDPD is BIM, which enables us to that the IDPD initiative we are currently undertaking is plan for a project more efficiently, track its progress the best solution for overcoming these challenges and and share information with clients up to the end of delivering greater value to our clients. construction. The BIM model is then handed over as a digital asset – rather than a paper one – to the client for I hope you enjoy reading this book and learning about managing and maintaining the finished project. the steps we are taking to lead Gammon into the new and exciting digital world of the future. Although BIM has been in use at Gammon for several years, we are currently taking the entire BIM process Thomas Ho, JP into new dimensions of productivity. From its current Chief Executive application as a tool for generating 3D models, we are Gammon Construction Limited utilising its power to plan in 4D for more advanced progress tracking and decision-making all the way to November 2018 10D for planning automation and automatic modelling with Artificial Intelligence (AI). To learn more about our 10D journey, please refer to page 8 of this book.

3 The Way We Innovate

Ten years ago, we established the Innovation Department to encourage new thinking and inspire creative ideas that add value to our clients’ projects and the industry.

4 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

The alternative solutions developed Assembly (DfMA). In addition to these “We are modifying by the talented engineers in our specialists, we encourage our young Innovation Department have professionals to discuss and identify existing technologies enabled us to achieve higher rates of novel solutions that benefit society. to meet the demands productivity and workplace safety, reduced material and labour costs, To strengthen our Innovation of the construction and far greater efficiencies than in Team and our technical experts, industry for faster, the past. we are emphasising BIM training. This includes core foundation BIM safer, more productive The work of the Innovation technical training for all engineers, Department is overseen by a steering as well as additional training for staff ways of working.” group, consisting of the Executive responsible for planning, quantity Committee, Chief Information Officer surveying and estimating. and Director of Engineering. We also have subject-matter experts Another group, established in 2018, from across our organisation, who is an entity called Digital G. The contribute ideas in areas such as mandate of this team is to exploit Virtual Design and Construction commercial opportunities for the (VDC), Virtual Reality and Augmented innovations we develop. Reality (VR/AR), digitisation, robotics and Design for Manufacturing and

5 The Way We Innovate

Harnessing the Power of Data

In Gammon’s push to innovate, we are modifying existing technologies to meet the demands of the construction industry for faster, safer, more productive ways of working. Virtual Reality, robotics, drones, RFID tags and QR codes, e-forms, mobile apps, 3D laser scanning and smart meters are just some of the many technologies we have adopted for our projects.

One of the key elements in our approach to innovation is the Digital Transformation Team, which started for cross-disciplinary collaboration Intelligence to gain maximum value with just three engineers in March and well-informed decisions to be out of the data collected. 2017 and has since tripled in size. made, taking project management to Led by Terence Lui, Head of Digital the next level. “We can use these tools to give Transformation, the team brings people insights we never had skill sets that are completely new to Once the information has been before,” Ian says. both the Company and the Hong uploaded to the Cloud, we can know Kong construction industry. They the progress of any project and have been charged with the task receive a full record of what was done “Digital transformation of showing how the construction each day. From there AI can continue business can be transformed with the learning, or we can go back in time must not add complexity. introduction of digital technologies using Virtual Reality to find areas for It must make life easier and, in particular, through a cloud improvement on future projects. collaboration platform we call Digital for our staff.” Project Management, or DPM. Digital: The Missing Although Gammon is making DPM, which is based on a lean Piece of the Jigsaw tremendous progress in the development approach, is now transformation to digital construction, being implemented on a small Puzzle it must be implemented for the right number of trial project sites. Taking As Ian Askew, Director – Lambeth, reasons. “Digital transformation must this approach, we can capture and Innovations, Virtual Design and not add complexity. It must make integrate data from different parts Construction, points out, “digital has life easier for our staff and provide a of the project with the aid of IoT been the missing piece of the jigsaw return on investment.” sensors, Bluetooth beacons, GPS, puzzle. It’s the big game changer.” Gambot™ and mobile apps. With the data that has been collected, the As a result of the digital tools we project team is able to track plant and now have, projects can be done equipment, labour, productivity and collaboratively, with all parties work progress in near real time so working together to optimise the that resources can be allocated more design. The ultimate goal, he says, is effectively. That information is then to fully automate the data capturing uploaded to a cloud server, where process during construction using it is accessible to all members of the technologies such as Artificial Video: Digital Project project and client teams. This allows Management

6 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

As Alan Wan, Contracts Manager This does not mean that automation digital transformation project,” says (Foundations), says, “we could never will take over the human element, Terence Lui, “I reminded our senior be sure of our production rate in however. Creativity and critical management that this is not about the past. Today, because of all the thinking will still be needed for transformation through technology. data we have in the Gammon Cloud, interpreting the data received from a we can compare different projects, computer and making judgements. It’s actually the transformation of including productivity from one people and mindset, the culture, site to another, and have a better In the meantime, getting buy-in the way we see data, the way we understanding of the plant and from people who may be used to interact with it, and the way it affects labour resources we need.” traditional methods presents another our decisions.” challenge. “When I started the

Safer Construction with Digital

During the redevelopment of Using Gambot, the entire process were done by safety officers. But Somerset House in Taikoo Place, is automated with bespoke now, all the frontline operational Hong Kong, Alan Mo, Senior Project conversational (chatbot) technology, people are doing it. This has made Manager (Building) has been which captures site information, a huge difference in Gammon’s making extensive use of a software uploads it via a mobile device and safety culture.” robot known as Gambot for the instantly generates a report. It can construction of this 48-storey office also recommend actions to take for Gambot also comes with state-of-the- building. As the project will have a minimising risk, recognise potentially art AI Planning and Computer Vision workforce of 1,400 during the peak dangerous objects and areas, and log Technologies that automatically and construction period, safety has all ‘near-miss’ incidents. intelligently monitor and report on been a huge concern for Alan – a site productivity and safety issues. concern he has been addressing Horace Chu, Director & Chief through the automation of safety Information Officer, summarises the inspection records. impact of digital on construction safety: “Before, safety observations Normally, these Daily Risk Assessments (DRAs) would be done manually by safety officers and frontline workers to identify critical safety risks. Preparing the DRAs by hand, however, was a time-consuming task, especially when inserting photos, and not always accurate.

7 The Way We Connect

To promote greater collaboration and communication, Gammon is taking construction into a new dimension of productivity by extending BIM from traditional 3D applications to 10D.

8 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

10D BIM: Our The fifth dimension is quantification, whereby all materials and 3D Geometry Roadmap to IDPD cost estimates are generated automatically. The sixth dimension The path we are taking to achieve allows us to meet our sustainability 4D Planning IDPD in our projects is guided by objectives while the seventh Building Information Modelling, not dimension gives clients the digital only in the third dimension as it has tools to manage their facilities more 5D Quantification been traditionally applied in the past, effectively. The eighth dimension but in 10 dimensions. (Our roadmap focuses on design collaboration for facilitating collaboration and and enables stakeholders to work 6D Sustainability communication among stakeholders together to achieve project goals. within the 10D BIM model is shown 7D Facilities on the following two pages.) The ninth dimension, robotics, is concerned with the way BIM controls Management The fourth dimension is integrated robotic devices such as drones with planning, using software such as and Computer Numerical Control 8D Design Synchro PRO (a digital construction (CNC) machines, while the tenth project management platform). With dimension is the use of Artificial Collaboration a fully integrated scheduling engine Intelligence (AI) for automatic and 3D capabilities, this platform tells modelling, planning and scheduling. us how construction activities will 9D Automation & affect the sequence of works. This 10D BIM method of delivering Robotics projects is revolutionary in scope, allowing Gammon and our clients to work together in a way that is 10D A.I. open, transparent and far more cost effective.

9 10D BIM: Our Roadmap to IDPD

3D Geometry Data-rich 3D models provide the underlying framework for all BIM dimensions.

4D Planning BIM is integrated with the construction programme and actual progress capturing to support visualisation and decision-making.

5D Quantification Automatic quantity take-off allows for better cost analysis and digital procurement.

6D Sustainability Gammon’s sustainability strategy can be delivered with fully-integrated environmental solutions. Facilities 7D Management

Clients can make full use of BIM after construction for facilities management.

Design 8D Collaboration An open collaboration platform improves efficiency and quality of communication among all stakeholders.

BIM modelling is automatically optimised.

Automation & 9D Robotics BIM information is used to control drones and machinery at offsite fabrication hubs.

10D A.I. Artificial Intelligence applied to BIM allows for autonomous design modelling. The Way We Lead

Gammon is revolutionising the construction industry in Hong Kong and Singapore by adopting and integrating advanced technologies to achieve greater efficiencies, quality and safety.

12 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

“IDPD makes use of digital technologies to integrate and accelerate the entire construction lifecycle.”

Gammon’s approach to construction In the same way that Industry 4.0 This model will contain all the is inspired by a concept known as is having a profound effect on physical elements of the project Industry 4.0, a term first coined by the the manufacturing sector, we are – such as concrete walls and steel German government to describe a deploying IDPD on our project sites beams, windows and doors, as well as fourth industrial revolution based on to take the industry to the next level the time element – over the duration the digitisation of manufacturing. and point the way to an exciting new of the construction programme. As era of digital construction. the project gets underway, frontline As defined by consulting group staff, design engineers, project Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited, The IDPD Advantage managers and senior management Industry 4.0 “marries advanced will fully embrace BIM to coordinate production and operations Similar to practices that have been the works and communicate with techniques with smart digital adopted in factories across the one another, then hand over the technologies to create a digital developed world, IDPD makes completed project to the client as a enterprise that would not only be use of digital technologies to digital file rather than a paper asset. interconnected and autonomous but integrate and accelerate the entire could communicate, analyze, and At all stages of construction, the construction lifecycle, with more use data to drive further intelligent client is kept constantly apprised of control and flexibility, through action back in the physical world. the project’s progress, secure in the the use of smart technologies and It … is marked by the emergence knowledge that IDPD is helping to advanced communications. of capabilities such as robotics, deliver it with reduced risk, a higher analytics, artificial intelligence and The IDPD process invariably begins level of quality and a digital model 1 cognitive technologies.” with a highly-detailed, data-rich containing all project information Building Information Model (BIM). after its completion.

13 The lifecycle of a typical project based on IDPD would look much like this:

Design collaboration: Rehearse:

All stakeholders work out the design, Walkthrough software such as Fuzor helps planning and materials quantification stakeholders understand how the project collaboratively through a Common Data will look by testing it in a 3D environment, Environment comprising a BIM model, which including AR/VR and Hololens. The use serves as a digital communication platform of 4D BIM software such as Synchro PRO for coordination. can be used for project programming and scheduling.

Facilities management: Inspection and

At the end of a project, the BIM model with its commissioning: record of all project assets, including electrical Data are recorded directly into tablets and and mechanical equipment, is passed on uploaded from the worksite into the BIM to the building manager for maintenance, model to give a complete and accurate future amendments to the building or live picture of the entire project. security checking. Manufacturing: Just-in-time delivery:

From the digital design, data are fed directly All building elements are brought together into CNC machines for the manufacture on site, efficiently and in the proper of building elements such as facades and sequence, through the use of information ductwork. Other elements can be brought in a digital format. Data captured with the together as modules for production help of tools such as Gambot, QR codes, RFID according to DfMA principles. tags and sensors are coordinated on a cloud platform with the actual site situation for just- in-time delivery.

Installation: Digital project management:

On the project site, both physical robots and Gammon’s data visualisation and analytic exoskeletons enable the frontline to work platform, the ACE Dashboard (with Tableau more safely and efficiently. Sensors attached software as its backbone), pulls together and embedded throughout the site identify all the information needed to make smart the location of workers and key components decisions in real time and rectify issues and monitor the behaviour of structures. whenever they arise. Automatic updates of work progress are recorded in the digital model. The Way We Lead

“BIM allows us to work collaboratively in real time.”

The main benefits of IDPD are its into its components, you might find At the beginning of a project, we ability to provide better coordination a better way of building the project will typically use BIM to create a for the production and delivery when putting it back together in the 3D model then show it to clients in of factory-made building parts, digital model.” a virtual reality environment that speed up construction, improve makes the design come to life. Alan construction quality and reduce BIM: The Beating Yan, Contracts Manager (Civil), says noise and disturbances to neighbours clients “can see all the details, walk around our construction sites. Heart of IDPD around the project, go through the doors and make comments on the What’s more, all information about Since its introduction more than design, such as asking for more a project will be communicated 40 years ago, BIM has evolved far headroom in a passageway. This through the BIM model and a cloud beyond its original application of makes for easy changes, which need server, allowing all parties to become visually representing a project in 3D to be minimised once construction more involved in the design, building or identifying clashes. gets started.” and post-construction maintenance. As one writer defined it, “BIM is “All parties can work An additional advantage is IDPD’s both a best-practice process and ability to suggest improvements. 3D modelling software. By using together using the BIM One of the champions of IDPD at it, designers can create a shared Gammon, Ian Askew, Director – building project with integrated model as the ‘single Lambeth, Innovations, Virtual Design information in a format that models source of truth.” and Construction, says, “By digitally both the structure and the entire disassembling a project in the virtual timeline of the project from inception world and reverse engineering it to eventual demolition.”2

16 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

Before the start of construction, the Another is photogrammetry via was capable of uploading all the project team might also look at this drones. According to Billy Wong, data we collected at Ocean Park in ‘digital twin’ of the physical project to Head of BIM at Gammon, this is one just three hours with parallel cloud try out different design options, see of the most important tools being computing technology. It saved us a where it is appropriate to use precast used to integrate the virtual reality tremendous amount of time and is and modularised components, and model with BIM. In collaboration with Gammon’s most successful example identify design errors. BIM can also the Hong Kong University of Science of photogrammetry to date.” be used to generate fabrication and Technology and a private firm, drawings and machine codes he helped to develop a solution Once a project is completed, the BIM automatically for materials estimation specifically for photogrammetry model can be explored going back in and production. that processes big data four times time to find areas for improvement. faster than conventional BIM Software such as the But this is only a small part of what measurement tools. property management platform can BIM can do. As information is fed into also be linked to BIM for facilities the BIM model from sources such “This was especially helpful for the management by the owner, who will as sensors, QR codes, RFID tags and Ocean Park Water World project, receive the final BIM model and all mobile apps in the field, projects as the site formation was very the populated asset registers. become more information driven. challenging,” says Billy. “Our solution As a project gets underway, this information is constantly updated through a cloud-based platform that can be seen anywhere by anyone. Members of the project team, the client, consultants and suppliers can all track progress, check the positions of plant and installations, and make corrections on the go.

“BIM allows us to work collaboratively in real time,” says Paul Morris, Head of Innovation. “We are not waiting for one team to finish before they pass it on to the next team. All parties can work together using the BIM model as the ‘single source of truth.’”

Other digital tools also come into play to make BIM even more powerful. These include software such as Synchro PRO, which records in real time where we are on a project with visual updates, and 3D printing to create prototypes of complex components that demand high levels of precision and assembly efficiency.

17 The Way We Lead

While BIM has become widely is a key element of our IDPD strategy (MiC) in Hong Kong, applies accepted at Gammon, not everyone and widely acknowledged within the the principles of assembly line is currently up to speed on this way Company as the way of the future. manufacturing to construction for of working, particularly within the As Billy Wong says, “Five years ago, significantly reduced programmes, supply chain. “It’s not quite there BIM was seen as an innovation and enhanced quality and improved yet in Singapore because of a lack visualisation technology. Today, it safety on site. of understanding of what value it is considered a must for our daily adds, since there is an upfront cost,” project lifecycle management. It In DfMA, integrated modules and says Michael O’Connell, Head of helps us to bring value to projects for other components of a building Architecture/BIM (Singapore). “But our clients, increase productivity and are fabricated off-site in a factory, each year, more and more vendors data resolution, while also helping complete with finishes and fittings, are taking it on board because the to advance the AEC [architecture, by highly efficient robots and Government is driving it.” engineering and construction] intelligent machines operated by industry as a whole.” skilled labour, then transported to the The use of BIM will also grow in Hong site for rapid and precise installation. Kong, as the Government has stated Successfully adopted by Gammon that it will require BIM on all major From the Factory to on several projects, the concept government works projects starting the Worksite: DfMA has the backing of the Hong Kong in 2018. Government, especially for public Design for Manufacturing and projects, as well as the Building and Although BIM is in some ways still in Assembly (DfMA), also known as Construction Authority (BCA) in the embryonic stage in Hong Kong, it Modular Integrated Construction Singapore, where it is mandated.

18 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

“The greatest benefit of DfMA is the increase in on-site productivity through the use of standardised building components selected from libraries of commonly-used parts.”

animations can be produced showing To produce the modules for the workers with lower skill levels how Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing to install the parts correctly at services, over 60% of the components the worksite. were manufactured offsite. “I don’t think there’s another single project in As Ian Askew points out, this Singapore that has the level of prefab approach is “an example of the IKEA modular DfMA that has been used on In part, the adoption of DfMA mentality, where you make installing this job,” Michael says. at Gammon has been driven by building components as simple as rising construction wages and the possible. With the same standard kit- As DfMA becomes increasingly ageing of Hong Kong’s workforce. of-parts applied to not just 1 building, common in construction, some fear However, with DfMA, the amount of but to 5 hospitals, 250 schools, 10 that automation could do away with onsite labour could be reduced by libraries, and 5 prisons, that will be many of the jobs now being done by as much as 80%. Another reason is transformational for the industry.” human workers. But we believe that that DfMA allows us to more easily is not likely to happen. Craftsmen Many of our projects are already accommodate design enhancements. with specialised skills will always be making extensive use of DfMA, needed, and people will continue to But perhaps the greatest benefit including the Global Switch data work together with machines just of DfMA is the increase in on-site centre project in Singapore. as they do today in the world’s most productivity through the use of Michael O’Connell says that “for advanced car factories. standardised building components new contracts, the Building and selected from libraries of commonly- Construction Authority have a used parts. These components can buildability score you have to meet, also be designed so that they fit into which could require 60% of your standard containers for transport building being precast. We were to the site, just in time, and in the required to precast 50% of the right order – an especially critical entire structure, but with our DfMA factor in Hong Kong’s congested mentality we pushed that to 70%.” urban environment. Additionally,

19 The Way We Lead

Beyond Human: Vincent Yeung, Innovation Manager, One example of an exoskeleton in says robotics and other forms of use at Gammon is the ZeroG robotic Robotics and automation are necessary not only arm, which allows workers to lift Automation to improve productivity but to fill the heavy objects without the need gaps in an industry dealing with the for electrical power. This device, Gammon is stretching the limits of challenges of an ageing workforce which is clamped onto a mobile human capability by making use of and chronic labour shortages. platform, allows workers to use heavy the latest advances in robotics and equipment such as drills with very Since older workers are more prone automation. On the ground at our little effort, thereby reducing fatigue to injuries and health problems, the worksites and in the skies above and the chance of injuries. advent of robotics in the form of Hong Kong and Singapore, the exoskeletons on our worksites has construction technologies we have been especially welcome. “Originally, embraced are making our projects they were developed for the medical more efficient and the lives of our industry,” Vincent says. “But the workers less strenuous and safer. construction industry showed an interest in them because of the ageing workforce worldwide.”

“The construction technologies we have embraced are making our projects more efficient and the lives of our workers less strenuous and safer.”

20 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

Another example is the Chairless “In the next two to three years, we hope to launch Chair, originally designed for assembly line workers in Germany’s many more proposals for other robotics devices.” automobile factories. Adapted for our construction sites, it enables workers to perform long hours of repetitive We are also looking at ways to And this robot, the first of its kind on tasks without tiring. “We are the automate tasks. In Singapore, Paul a construction site in Hong Kong, is first construction company in the Moss, Senior Project Manager, says just the beginning. In the next two world to use these devices,” Vincent they have developed a computerised to three years, we hope to launch says. “They are now in our concrete hacksaw that “can cut through many more proposals for other production plant and structural steel channel iron so it’s exactly square, robotics devices. factory in .” perfectly set, and produce 10 finished pieces in just 15 minutes. That gives All of these devices exemplify the Yet one more example is an Gammon a strong competitive edge.” spirit of innovation at Gammon. exoskeleton developed in Yet being innovative is more than partnership with The Hong Kong Automation is also addressing just taking up electronic tools, says Polytechnic University that is not the challenge of labour shortages Alan Gibson, Director, at Gammon worn on the body but installed onto in trades such as welding. “We in Singapore. a jackhammer. This passive device are developing a welding robot needs no electricity, costs much with a brain,” says Vincent Yeung. “It’s about improving productivity less than similar devices, reduces “The robot will see a gap, or an and output, keeping your costs vibration by 90% and increases irregular shape, and make the weld to the absolute minimum and productivity (breaking power) by accordingly even in environments becoming more competitive while 30%. Having won first prize from the with dust, different ambient improving your quality. To me that is Construction Industry Council in 2017 temperatures, weather and air flow.” real innovation.” for safety, it has attracted the interest of other companies, including a local utility that recently placed a large order for this innovative new tool.

21 The Way We Lead

1 Case Study: Added Value, from First to Last

7D BIM (BIM for Facilities States, ”the average PUE for data In line with the maintenance Management) at Global Switch Data centers … is a little bit of a debate, but requirements, Gammon will be Centre Hong Kong the number seems to be somewhere supplying sensors and a sophisticated between 1.8 and 2.0. This, in itself, is console to monitor all the installed When K C Lau, Senior Construction quite an accomplishment.”3 assets. For the asset register, a bar code Manager (E&M), was assigned the will be placed on components such Electrical & Mechanical services K C Lau was confident he could not as CCTV cameras, each with a unique contract for Global Switch Data only meet the client’s PUE target ID, and tied in with the BIM model. Centre Hong Kong, he knew he had a of 1.5 but committed to bringing All equipment has a bar code label tremendous challenge ahead of him. it even lower, to 1.43, and feels it attached with a unique ID and linked to could realistically come down even the asset register, which is also tied in One of the world’s leading operators further to 1.23. While the difference with the as-built BIM model. of large-scale data centres, Global in these figures may seem tiny, the Switch had planned to build a HK$5 potential savings in electricity costs “When you open up the BIM model,” billion data centre development are staggering. A 1.23 PUE vs a 1.5 K C Lau says,“ you will find, for example, in Tseung Kwan O. The list of E&M PUE, for example, could reduce annual a camera symbol representing a CCTV requirements was so extensive, electricity costs by as much HK$140 camera that you can click on. All the however, that a number of less million, based on a total IT load. asset information will then come up, experienced contactors had been including maintenance schedules, deterred from tendering proposals. K C Lau says, “The Global Switch such as when a camera must be project is pioneering the use of BIM replaced, how long it takes to order, Data centres are much more in Hong Kong, from design and if there were any previous problems, challenging than conventional E&M construction through to operation and and information on the supplier and projects, as they need to fit almost maintenance. Every element in the cost. The same information can also four times the amount of services in building is covered in the BIM model, be accessed by scanning the bar code about the same space as conventional including ceiling and floor tiles, doors, label on the equipment.” projects. The challenges of this project and all the E&M services.” were even more daunting as the client What’s more, when the data centre is targeted a PUE of less than 1.5, the For Global Switch, Gammon is in operation, the PUE can be improved lowest of any facility in Hong Kong. responsible for all Planned and by adjusting the settings on the Preventive Maintenance (PPM) equipment. “With sensors and meters PUE, or Power Usage Effectiveness, is duties during the first two years after installed all across the building, we a ratio for describing how efficiently a completion, following which the can collect the data and understand data centre uses power. In the United client’s operations team will take over. the whole system profile. By analysing the data, we can identify when the equipment is running most efficiently and fine tune the settings to reduce energy consumption.”

“A 1.23 PUE vs a 1.5 PUE could reduce annual electricity costs by as much HK$140 million.”

22 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

2 Case Study: Singing the Praises of Digital Construction

IDPD and the Lyric Theatre Complex

One of the most compelling The team also printed a 3D model examples of IDPD in action is which contains all the critical the HK$1.5 billion contract for elements of the project and sits on the Lyric Theatre Complex and a table at every meeting. “The 3D Extended Basement of the West printed model is a wonderful tool to Cultural District (WKCD) ensure everybody is talking about the development, a world-class cultural same thing,” Brian explains. “It will centre on the Hong Kong waterfront. help sub-contractors visualise what The contract is the third to be we’re building.” awarded to Gammon by the West Kowloon Cultural District Authority. Also critical to the success of the project is knowing precisely where From the start of construction in the works are in relation to the “The sensors we are using are about early 2018, Brian Gowran, Contracts Airport Express tunnels, since a the size of a 50¢ Hong Kong coin,” Manager (Civil), and his team of disruption to railway service would says Brian. “They were installed in engineers have been deploying be disastrous. Although MTR uses one night and can talk to each other all the digital tools and methods sensors to record the position of through a wireless signal to provide available to them for bringing the these floating tunnels, their devices continuous readings throughout project to completion. These include are hard wired and must be checked the day.” BIM, DfMA, 3D scanning and printing, manually. To detect movements in Other digital recording tools include drones, sensors and more, all the tunnels, Gammon proposed a GPS on the concrete trucks, which integrated under the IDPD approach better and safer solution. to construction. notes when each truck arrives and leaves a site, cameras that count all These tools have come into full plant and labour going in and out, play at the site, which is tightly and an automated site diary system constrained by Victoria Harbour for subcontractors to register what and the Western Harbour Crossing they are doing each day. Toll Road on one side and the MTR Airport Express tunnels on the other. As Brian notes, “we are among the first to integrate the latest technology “We have a BIM model that we and bring it all together digitally share with the client,” says Brian. “It to allow machines and computers was used to find problems with the to look at and analyse things, find design such as clashes and, now that trends and make improvements. The we’re constructing, to record the as- client is very enthusiastic about this built situation on a monthly basis.” digital technology.”

23 The Way We Lead

3 Case Study: Ready-Made and Ready to Go

MiC and the Future of Construction by Gammon, the three-storey In addition to the much-improved building is the first demonstration speed, cost and efficiency made Some day soon, the home you live project in Hong Kong to show how possible by MiC, the factory- in, the office where you work, or the MiC can improve construction quality, controlled process improves quality, hotel you booked for your vacation productivity, safety and sustainability. generates less waste, creates fewer may have been built not on a It contains 10 modules representing disturbances, and provides a safer construction site, but inside a factory. rooms found in a typical hotel, hostel, working environment. If that sounds implausible, Gammon two-bedroom home, three-bedroom recently proved otherwise with a home and a home for the elderly. The completion of the project demonstration project commissioned couldn’t have been more timely. by Hong Kong’s Construction Using the MiC approach, 70% In December 2017, the Hong Kong Industry Council (CIC). of the project was constructed government gave its support to offsite. The modules were fully MiC by issuing guidelines on its The project was almost entirely decked out with everything from implementation. And we at Gammon built using components assembled electrical wiring through to fixtures, showed we are ready to share our offsite in a process called Modular fittings and even wallpaper, then knowledge and expertise on this Integrated Construction (MiC). delivered and installed at the site innovative building method of in Hong Kong. Only the structure’s the future. Located at the CIC’s Zero Carbon foundations, frame and stairwells Building, which was also constructed were constructed on site.

“The factory-controlled process improves quality, generates less waste, creates fewer disturbances, and provides a safer working environment.”

24 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

4 Case Study: The Changing Face of Building Technology

Entasis and Design for Manufacture and Assembly

Developers today are looking This is also why Entasis works closely For example, if a pane of glass needs for solutions that satisfy their with a trusted manufacturing partner to be replaced, it’s simply a matter of aesthetic requirements while also for the profiles, aluminium and retrieving its number or tag. “DfMA saving time and money. But this stainless steel panels, as well as other enables us to generate all the glass can be extraordinarily difficult to suppliers for curtain wall materials information with just a few clicks achieve, especially for building such as glass, thermal insulation along with the warranty information facades using regular design and and bracketry. and immediately forward it to the construction methods. supplier for a quotation. In just a “The greatest advantage of DfMA,” couple of days, the procurement In 2013, Gammon set up a division Ben adds, “is its ability to eliminate orders of all the glass panes, brackets, specialising in unitised curtain human error, optimise the use of gaskets and sealer will be placed.” wall design and installation – materials, and minimise wastage.” Entasis Limited. The company, With the old method of digging now with 90 professionals on These are especially important up 2D drawings and product board, has pioneered the use of when changes are made on time- information, a similar replacement new technologies to address the constrained projects, a typical feature order would often take up to two to challenges of frequent design of many Hong Kong developments. three weeks. changes and tedious manual “If there is a change in the material operations. Among these are section profile, I only need to Seeking to improve the system digitisation, automation, Artificial amend certain details and the further, Ben and his team have hired Intelligence and, most notably, system automatically updates the a consultant to develop their own Design for Manufacture and relevant components.” DfMA software. It will help with Assembly (DfMA). material take-off and clash analysis, Entasis has also established a curtain generate fabrication drawings The reason for relying on DfMA, as wall system library, in which every automatically, and work with a CNC noted by Ben Wong, Construction curtain wall unit is labelled with machine to produce the parts in Manager (Facade) at Entasis, is its an RFID tag. This not only saves the factory, eliminating the need to ability to ensure the accuracy of up to 30% of the time in a design work out 2D fabrication drawings supplied materials for a project. “If cycle but can also be used in a by AutoCAD. materials do not meet standard, this facilities management system for causes delays and cost overruns.” replacing parts once the building is Although still in the trial stage, the in operation. DfMA software is expected to be ready for full implementation in the second quarter of 2019.

25 The Way Ahead

“Disruption is accelerated by a variety of factors – new technologies, cultural changes, demographic trends, geopolitical events, and globalization – that often work in tandem. Organizations that choose to embrace this disruption rather than taking a strictly defensive posture are those best positioned to generate long-term value for their stakeholders.” 4

26 Integrated Digital Project Delivery

The digital tools we are using at Gammon are already bringing about dramatic changes in the way we build, work together and add value to our clients’ projects.

As we have discussed in these pages, it is not the tools themselves that are changing the way we build, but the way we integrate them to deliver projects more efficiently, safely and at less cost.

In many respects, IDPD is a case of ‘creative disruption’, which has been defined as innovation that displaces “an existing market, industry, or technology and produces something new and more efficient and worthwhile.”5

We are convinced that IDPD is indeed a more efficient and worthwhile method of construction. It is allowing us to be more productive and provide new business opportunities along the supply chain, safer conditions for We have been demonstrating We will also continue to work frontline staff, and valuable new skills just how effective IDPD can be on with our staff, suppliers and for our engineers. For developers, projects both in Hong Kong and subcontractors to ensure they have it means substantial reductions in Singapore. To amplify the power the necessary skills and knowledge the time and cost to complete a of IDPD, we will continue working to succeed in the new digital construction programme and, for in partnership with universities environment, and to offer clients facilities managers, dramatically and leading global manufacturers the insights they need to fully improved maintenance regimes, to improve or develop new benefit from this new approach to particularly with regard to electricity technologies in areas such as Artificial construction. IDPD, we believe, is the and water consumption. Intelligence, robotics and sensors. way of the future and aligned with best practices in delivery as seen elsewhere in the world, including the UK, Singapore and Finland.

In Hong Kong, our IDPD journey is still ongoing. We invite you to join us on this journey and to work with us in making our vision for the digital future of construction a reality.

27 Footnotes

1. Mark Cotteleer, Brenna Sniderman. 2017. “Forces of change: Industry 4.0.” Deloitte Insights. https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/focus/industry-4-0/overview.html.

2. Erin Green. 2016. “BIM 101: What is Building Information Modeling?” www.engineering.com/

3. Joe Kozlowicz. 2013. “Power Usage Effectiveness.” Green House Data. www.greenhousedata.com/blog/power-usage-effectiveness

4. Dan Konigsburg, Chantal Rassart, Michael Rossen. 2017. “Courage Under Fire: Embracing Disruption.” Directors’ Alert. Global Center for Corporate Governance, Deloitte. P3. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/de/Documents/ governance-risk-compliance/Directors_Alert_2017_safe.pdf

5. Caroline Howard. 2013. “Disruption Vs. Innovation: What’s The Difference?” Forbes Magazine.

28 CONCEPT & DESIGN: YELLOW CREATIVE (HK) LIMITED www.yellowcreative.com Integrated Digital Project Delivery

The Way We Build

Gammon Construction Limited 28th Floor, Devon House, Taikoo Place, 979 King's Road, Hong Kong

Tel: 852 2516 8823 Fax: 852 2516 6260 www.gammonconstruction.com

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