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LNOTE 56P.;- for Rebated Documents, See SP 020 311-320 DOCUMENT RESUME ED 219 344 :SP 020 312 . AUTHOR Body, Paul; Boros-Kazai, Mary TITLE Hungarian Immigrants in Greater Pittsburgfi, j880-1980. Educational Curriculum 'Kit 2. 4.INSTITUDION 'Hungarian Ethnic Heritage Study, Pittsburgh, PA. SPONS AGENCY American Hungarian Educators' Association, Silver Spring, Md.; Office of Elementary and Secondary . Education (ED), Washington, DC. Ethnic' Heritage Studies Program., PUB DATE 81 -LNOTE 56p.;- For rebated documents, see SP 020 311-320. AVAILABLE FROMPaul Body, 5860 Douglas St., Pittsburgh ,PA 15217 N ($1.50). gDRS PRICE ,MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from.EDRS. DESCRIpTOR,S *Acculturation; Church Role; Citizenship; *Community Action; Cultural B#ckground; *Ethnic Groups; ---*Ethnicity; Immigrants; *Local History; ,Religious Cultural Groups; Religious Organizations IpENTIPIER$ *Hungarian Americans; *Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh). :ABSTRACT 0 A summary of the actiVilies.and achievementa of the Hungarian community in the Pittsburgh (PenAsylvania) area since' 1880 is provided in this boolc161. The four sections contain discussions on:(1) emigrants from Hungary'and their background; (2) early Hungarian settlements in.Pi'ttgburgh and the Monongahela Valley; (3) Hungarian 'immigrant life,W900-1940: (employment anoCconomic conditions,. Hunigarpian community organizations, ,education and culture, andungarian AmeriCans and American society); and (4) post-war :Hungarian Amer.icans,'1950 -1980 (hew immigrants, postwar Hungarian community, and distinguished Hungarian Americans in Pittsburgh). Additional sources and references are cited. (JD) '= . O ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by .EDRS ate the best that can_be made from the original document. *************************************************************t4******* r .HUNGARIAN ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDY OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA _AAWst-ThEducational Gurridulum Kit 2 PE.,;#!')::-.$`3a RE ODILCE Q -MICROFICHE ONLY m.tS HEN GaAN-E',.)31 a -"C HUNGARIAN NR91N4A- C.EN7ER ER'C IMMIGRANTS U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NA TIONA rE OF EDUCATION IN GREATER PITTSBURGH,' 1880-1980 v `,11 prepared by Paul Body and Mary BorosKazai Study Directdr: Dr. Paul Body Pittsburgh,Pennsylvnia' 2 1981 HUNGARIAN ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDY OF PITTSBURGH Dr. Paul BOdy Director Dr. Ruth Biro ,. Curriculum Coordinator Dr. Jonathan Flint Associate Andrew Boros-Kazai Mary .Boros-Kazai Research Associates Darbara H. Sahli Design Consultant Advisory Council: Rev. Paul bolvgry St. Ann Hungarian Roman Catholic Church, Pittsburgh Mrs: Melinda Bessko, Community College of -Allegheny County Dr. Pat Crumrine Payrilcasfrolk `Dance Group, Pittburgh Dr. JokePh.MaVarewtoz . , Pennsyly.ania-Ethnic , . HentagesStudies Ceder -Rev. NieholaS Novak Firstu ng ariap Reformed - 4 .. Church, Pittsbuirgh is,/A6erfAtelkdvicl William Penn As4ociation, Pittsburgh , Mr. Nicholas Hungarian Profesional Society ofPittsburgh - . The contents of this publica4ton. were developed under a grant from the Ethnic Heritagp,Studiee progr4n-i, United States Department of Education, The statements made in this publication do not necessqrjly.repreent the policy of thp United States Department of Education nor of the United St4tes Government . This study, was sporisbred by and carried out withThe support of the American-Hungarian Educators Associationof Washington, D.C.. Cover design, logo, line drawings, anddesigri assistance by Barbara Fr, Sahli, Design and Drawing, TakornaPark, Maryland. 01981 Hungarian Ethnic Heiltage Study of Pittsburgh 3). HUNGARIAN ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDY 'OF PITTSBURGH 41. Educational Curriculum Kit 2 HUNGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN GREATER -PITTSBURGH 1880--1980 ./ Prepared.by: L "Paul Body anciMary Bor9s-Kazai 1 Published by: HUNGARIAN ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDY GROUP, PITTSBURGH De. Paul BOdy, Director Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1981 INTRODUCTION The Hungarian Eth'nic Heritage Study of Pittsburgh is , pleased to present a series of ten educational curriculum kits concerning the history. culture and current community life of Hungarians in Greater Pittsburgh The purpose of this series is to provide an easily under- standable guide to the .Hungarian ethnic community in s. Greater Pittsburgh The ten curriculum kits can be'read and understood by the interested student. teache ;, and general reader No special training in Hunganah studies is pre- surned The fotmat of curriculum kits was chosen for several reasons By treating specific topics sepaately, we wished t4 present to the reader, student and teacher a comprehensive view of a well-defined topic. Fol.' example, the reader in- terested in.current ethnic.life will find most of that information in kits 3 and 4, concerned with "Histonc.Hungarian Places" -and 'Hringanan Community Life,'' respectively. On the other hand, the historically-inclinedtreade will titan to kit2, garian.Immigrants. in Greater Pittsburgh, 1880-'10W." A- nother practical consideration was that teachers Should be able to use eachit as a basic information source, reading material. and teaching guide on a' specific topic. Those interested in several topics will probably review all kits and consult additional sources listed in each of them. The titles of the ten curriculum kits are: 1 Children's Hungarian Heritage, 2 Hungarian Immigrants in Greater Pittsburgh. 1880- 1980 3 Guide to Historic Hung arian Places in Greater Pitts- burgh 4. Hungarian Community Life in Greater Pittsburgh. 5. Hungarian Folk Traditions Revisited 6 Hungarian Folk Arts and Crafts 7 Survey of Hungary: Past and Present 8 Hungarian Histopdal Sources and Col'ections in Greater Pittsburgh 9 Bibliographical Guide to Hungarian-American Sources 10 Teaching Guide for Hungarian Curriculum Kits These curriculum kits respond to the special reed of the classroom teacher or re evan guide to Hungarian ethnic studies The first seven kits introduce selected subject areas, while kits 8-10 provide Auldelines.for research and teaching. Ancther feature of our study is that it makeswavailable an extraordinary amount of primary source material relating to the history olathe Pittsburgh Ilungarian community In the course of oUr research. we have identified and evaluated historical resources- preserved in 13 librares, 25 churbh collections and 24 organizational archives, amounting toa total of 62 separate documentary collections All major holdings in each collection are identified, evaluated, and annotated for the benefit of the prospective student and scholar in kit 8 To illu,strate the potential vaThe of these resources. we have used them liberally in our natrative. This pilblication is not .intended es the final wordon Hungariaias in Pittsburgh, but the first major step leading to the discovery and better understanding of the Hungarian heritage Our primary task was to prepare an inventory of documentary resources, to present selected aspects of the 4- Hungarian heritage, and to design} guidelines for classroom. teaching We h-ope that the results of our work will encourage students, teachers, and schvpss to explore the Hungarian heritage Wewelcome such explorations and are prepared to provide assistance if requested. We extend our sincere appreciation to all oersons and organizations who supported this undertaking. We ack- nowledge the financial assistance 9roviled towe by the Ethnic Heritage Studies Program of 'the United States De- partme)lt of Education; which made our study possible. We express our special thanks to thp Pittsburgh Hungarian community to all churches and synagogues, fraternal, social. and cultural organizations. as well, as individuals whore- sponded so generously to our requests We wish to extend LOUT appreciation to our-Advisory Council, representing both 'Hungarian organ atAtions and ethnic studies specialists. We appreciate also the support received from our organizational sponsor, the AmerZ'an Hungarian Educators' Associatin. finally, as project ,director I wish to take this opportunity to, commend the outstanding cooperation, dedication, and sus- 'CaJned perforrilanee, often under trying circumstances, of all study participants, and especially of their. families, whose - patience, sacrifices, and sense of humor made, the cOtn- plertion of this study possible.' CONTENTS __,.... Preface s:' .f '1. Emigrants from Hungary and, thel Background' ,.,. '1 2. Early Hungananimmigrani Stplements!niPittsburgh' and the Monongahela Valley -T . ....... s ... - 3 3. Hungarian Immigrant Life, 11900-1940. 5 Employment aid Economic Conditions Hungarian CommunilyfOrganizations EducatiOn and Culture Hungarian' Americans and American So'ciety 4. Post-War Hungarian- Americans, 1950-1980 26 New Immigrants. 1950-1980 ° The Post-War Hungarian Community Distinguished Hungarian-mericansin Pittsburgh 5. Sources and Referenc'es ..44 S 6 PREFACE This is a historical Survey of theGreater Pittsbu'rgh Hungarian community Alm-bst a century ago. Hungarian immigrants established their small communities in Oakland. 'Hazelwood, McKeesport, Homestead and other places Frpm these be- ginnings arose those HungariaA churches, frate4nal associa- tions. and organizations which make up today's Hungarian community life in Pittsburgh But many other aspects of the past century are also of great interestFor example, the preservation of Hungarian cultural traditions in the Hungar- ian family and by partiC,ipation in ethnic church and school activities isnirtainly an important achievement The social and econo position of Hungarians underwent a very substantial change since the early years of this century This change
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