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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88838-7 - Seneca and the Self Edited by Shadi Bartsch and David Wray Index More information Index Achilles 266, 271–2, 277–81 Aquinas 263 Aeneas 133, 271–3 Aristophanes 85, 91–2, 105–6 afterlife 18–19, 255–82 Aristotle Agamemnon 252–4, 271 and “adult” logic 231 agency 4, 26, 35, 68, 72, 74, 76, and Plato on rational and nonrational parts of 264 the soul 10, 78 Agrippina 82, 95, 253 and selfhood 28–9, 40, 43–6 Alberti, L. B. 160 on anger 100, 106 Alexander the Great 11, 87, 103, 122 on deliberative choice (prohairesis) 252 animus see mind on disgust (duschereia) 108 anagnorisis¯ 224, 228 on the body’s enslavement to the soul 145 analogy on the moderation of passions 149, 162 Aristotle Politics, body to soul as master to Armisen-Marchetti, M. 15, 189–91 slave 145 ask¯esis 5, 47, 209 Seneca; use in general 191; On the Happy Life, Asmis, E. 6, 12–13, 200, 203 obedience like a fight 119; On Benefits,the Astyanax 232, 267, 271–81 rule of the sapiens like that of the gods 121; Athenodorus 62 Letter, 80, the powerful like slaves 130–1; Atreus 16, 66, 221–8, 231, 234–5, 266–70 ruler to subject like master to slave 159;the Augustine/Augustinian mind mastering passions like a master and Seneca’s self-reflection 36 controlling slaves 151, 152, 154, 156;aman critique of Stoicism 17, 239, 241, 243, 244 perfecting himself like a sculptor perfecting model of selfhood 14, 58 his statue 211; philosophers likened to legal notion of the unconscious 234 counselors 247, 250 Augustus 94–5, 100–1, 104, 106, 110, 111, 157, Andromache 232, 271–8 253 anger/ira against slaves 11–14 Bacon, F. 200 and disgust 107–8, 157 Bartsch, S. 6, 14 and Epicureanism 104 Behn, A. 239 and laughter, in the Apocolocyntosis 6, 85–7, Bernal, M. 167 90, 97, 100 Bloomer, M. 14 and Senecan tragedy 221, 250, 251 Bobzien, S. 153–4 denounced by Seneca in Alexander the Great body/corpus 122 alone subject to fortune 125 freedom from 103 as locus of selfhood 26 in Euripides, Medea 67–9, 74 comic 91–2 in Letter 47 158–9 dissolution in death 18 in On Anger 54, 72–3, 89, 110, 160–87, 203, goods of 103, 105–12 216–17 in relation to mind/soul 24, 48, 57, 144–8, 158, in Stoic and Aristotelian philosophy 106–7 188, 201–4 with lust and fear 151–2 in Seneca, Phaedra 70 298 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88838-7 - Seneca and the Self Edited by Shadi Bartsch and David Wray Index More information Index 299 soul’s enslavement to 141 death/mortality/mors Stoic detachment from 29, 156–7 as escape 202 used by the soul (Foucauldian self-care) 48 and Cato’s heroism 158 Burkert, W. 56 and fate 120 Busch, A. 7, 18–19, 153–4 and fortune 126 and self-perfection 32, 186 Caligula 15, 96, 98, 100, 134, 162, 184, 185 and self-possession 151 cannibalism 242, 268 and Senecan tragedy 7, 70 Canus Julius 134, 136 and Stoic detachment 91, 103, 134–6, 142, 213, Cato the younger 244 and Epictetus 136 and the afterlife in Seneca’s philosophy 18–19, as Stoic exemplum 28, 54, 80, 82, 116, 123, 255–82 132–4 and the Foucauldian subject 48 suicide 13, 18, 56, 158 “being-to-death” (Heidegger) 33 Catullus 171–2, 245, 253 of Claudius 105 Chrysippus Democritus 103 as chief representative of Greek Stoicism 42, Demosthenes 103 46 Denyer, N. 50 and self-division 65, 75 Descartes, R. 4–5, 22–4, 35, 77 and Stoic logic, rejected by Seneca 6 determinism 12–13, 15, 153–4 and the Pythagorean Golden Verses 174 Diogenes Laertius 56, 88, 147, 196, 259 and the theory of a unitary rational soul 9–10, Diogenes of Sinope 11, 13, 87–8, 136–7, 156 177 disgust 6, 11–12, 85, 99, 103, 105–12, 157 in disagreement with Cleanthes 53–4 disposition 5, 27, 32, 121, 240 on suicide 259 divine/the gods theory of passion 73–4 and fate 12 Cicero 54–6, 81, 103, 199, 211–12, 246, 252, 253, and Nero in On Clemency 128–30 262 and self-transformation 209–11 Academica 197 and suicide 259–61 Brutus 193, 212 and the ideal self 29 Letters 59, 104, 140 and the soul 202 On Duties 32, 54, 58, 206, 208 and transcendent autonomy, in On Benefits On Ends 212 267 On Old Age 56 in Epictetus 137–8 On the Orator 192, 212 in Juvenal, Satire 10 85 On the Republic 154 in Sallust, Catiline 146 Rhetorica ad Herennium 175, 193 in the Apocolocyntosis 94–5, 100 Stoic Paradoxes 146, 147 Stoic kingdom of god 115–23 Claudius Dualism 4, 15, 24, 57, 144 and On Anger 161–2, 179 and the Apocolocyntosis 10, 11, 93–9, 101, Eden,P.T.93 104–7, 109–10 Edwards, C. 6, 13–14, 24, 30, 54, 58, 160 and Senecan tragedy 254 elenchus 28–9, 248–9 Cleanthes 53, 88, 120 Elias, N. 186 clemency 88, 89, 100–1, 129 enargeia 176, 179 Clytemnestra 252–4 Epictetus Colakis, M. 273 and laughter 84, 88–9, 93, 103 consolation 7, 14, 18, 133, 272, 276 and moral progress 32 Corneille, P. 239 and personae 27–30 Cynicism 11, 13, 87–8, 93, 136–7, 156, and slavery 157 166 and the Pythagorean Golden Verses 175 and the self 8, 40–1, 53, 54, 77 Davidson, D. 24 and tragedy 99 de Botton, A. 5 compared to Seneca 36, 116, 135–7, 195, de la Mettrie, J. O. 241–3 199 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88838-7 - Seneca and the Self Edited by Shadi Bartsch and David Wray Index More information 300 Index Epicureanism and Seneca, On Anger 14, 54–6, 160–1, 165–72 and anger 104 and Senecan self-relation 7, 176–7, 199 and Augustinian Christianity 17, 239 and Seneca’s letters to Lucilius 58–61 and death 262–3 and the self-shaping self 8–9, 63, 208–9 and divinity 94 influence on recent Senecan studies 8–9, 35, and sagehood 28 40, 42–3 and the self 78–80, 144, 166, 170 on the definition of speculator sui 180 compared to Stoicism 193, 242 free will 153, 263 epistemology/epistemic freedom/liberty/libertas and Cicero 54 acceptance of fate as 12 and Foucault 4, 5, 22, 52 and Stoic detachment 117 and Senecan metaphor 189, 197 and suicide 18 and Senecan tragedy 226, 228 and the self in Seneca’s Letters 139–59 Euripides and time-management 31 Electra 88 availability of death as guarantee of 261–5, Hippolytus 68 267, 269, 281 Medea 66, 68, 74, 75, 229–31 body as impediment to 202 Phoenissae 88 in Juvenal, Satire 10 101 exile 27, 67, 81, 162, 197–9 obedience to god as 119, 120 rational faculty as means to 127 Fantham, E. 271, 275 Roman political concept of 204–6 fastidium 12, 85, 108–10 self-control as 13–14 fate Stoic virtue as defense of 116 and Stoic determinism 12–13 Stoic wisdom as 80 and Stoic freedom 204 Freud, S. 22, 231 fate, fortune and the kingdom of God in friendship 27, 34, 45, 170, 247, 254 Seneca 117–24, 203 in Senecan tragedy 17, 228, 229 Galen 73 in the Apocolocyntosis 93 Gill, C. 4–6, 9–10, 23 fear/timor/metus Griffin, M. 58, 80, 81, 260 and desire 196 Grimal, P. 58 and disgust 107 and freedom 142, 149, 159 Habinek, T. 14, 176 and Stoic detachment 85, 90, 110, 112, 127, Hadot, P. 5, 22, 166, 168–9, 182, 209, 134 211 in Epictetus 137 happiness in Juvenal, Satire 10 102, 103 and virtue, doctrinal proofs insufficient 193 in Senecan tragedy 16, 224–6, 268–9, 275 dependent on state of mind 24–5 in Seneca’s political life 82 fortune makes no difference to 134 of death 151, 244, 257–8, 260, 267 inner citadel not enough for 63 Fillion-Lahille, J. 163 “nobody forgets his own” (in the Fitzgerald, W. 152, 156 Apocolocyntosis) 94, 97 fortune/fortuna non-Stoic view of (in the Apocolocyntosis) 101, as adversary 115–38, 200, 202–4, 247–8, 104 256 rational faculty as means to 117 and death 260–1 self-knowledge as route to 22 and fate 12–13 Harris, W. V. 186 freedom from 156 hate 66–8, 99, 104, 250 in Juvenal, Satire 10 103 Hector 271–8, 280–1 in the Apocolocyntosis 99 Hegel, G. W. F. 21 Foucault, M. h¯egemonikon 13, 15, 19, 46, 144, 177, 178, 196, and a distinctively Senecan notion of the self 201–2 46–53 Heidegger, M. 33 and care of the self 29, 76, 245 Helvidius Priscus 136 and Charles Taylor 35 Heraclitus 43–4, 46, 55 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88838-7 - Seneca and the Self Edited by Shadi Bartsch and David Wray Index More information Index 301 Hercules 94–5, 249 Lucan 157 Hierocles 40 Lucian 93 hilaritates 84–6 Lucilius Hill, T. 68 described as Seneca’s opus 210 Hine,H.M.71 fictitiousness of Seneca’s correspondence with Hippolytus 69–70, 75 58–9 Homer 26, 28, 94, 125, 281 metaphorical language attributed to 199 Horace 246 philosophers likened to pleaders in the Letters Horatius Cocles 54 17 rhetoric in the Letters 246–8 Iamblichus 169–71 Seneca’s advice to 14, 24–5, 27, 32–3, 81, 86, incest 70, 94, 105, 242 139, 141, 204, 207, 214–15 Inwood, B.
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  • Introduction: Medea in Greece and Rome

    Introduction: Medea in Greece and Rome

    INTRODUCTION: MEDEA IN GREECE AND ROME A J. Boyle maiusque mari Medea malum. Seneca Medea 362 And Medea, evil greater than the sea. Few mythic narratives of the ancient world are more famous than the story of the Colchian princess/sorceress who betrayed her father and family for love of a foreign adventurer and who, when abandoned for another woman, killed in revenge both her rival and her children. Many critics have observed the com­ plexities and contradictions of the Medea figure—naive princess, knowing witch, faithless and devoted daughter, frightened exile, marginalised alien, dis­ placed traitor to family and state, helper-màiden, abandoned wife, vengeful lover, caring and filicidal mother, loving and fratricidal sister, oriental 'other', barbarian saviour of Greece, rejuvenator of the bodies of animals and men, killer of kings and princesses, destroyer and restorer of kingdoms, poisonous stepmother, paradigm of beauty and horror, demi-goddess, subhuman monster, priestess of Hecate and granddaughter of the sun, bride of dead Achilles and ancestor of the Medes, rider of a serpent-drawn chariot in the sky—complex­ ities reflected in her story's fragmented and fragmenting history. That history has been much examined, but, though there are distinguished recent exceptions, comparatively little attention has been devoted to the specifically 'Roman' Medea—the Medea of the Republican tragedians, of Cicero, Varro Atacinus, Ovid, the younger Seneca, Valerius Flaccus, Hosidius Geta and Dracontius, and, beyond the literary field, the Medea of Roman painting and Roman sculp­ ture. Hence the present volume of Ramus, which aims to draw attention to the complex and fascinating use and abuse of this transcultural heroine in the Ro­ man intellectual and visual world.
  • Revisiting Lucan's Druidic Grove (BC 3.399-452)

    Revisiting Lucan's Druidic Grove (BC 3.399-452)

    Revisiting Lucan’s Druidic Grove (BC 3.399-452) Early in Lucan’s Bellum Civile Caesar and his men deforest a gloomy Druidic grove near Massilia (3.399-452). Recent discussions of Lucan’s models for this episode (e.g. Hunink; Masters) follow the lead of Philips in seeing this passage as an attempt by Lucan to invert the quintessentially Ovidian topos of the locus amoenus. My paper will examine two points. For one, I argue that in his grove episode Lucan does much more than simply subvert Ovidian motifs. Rather, I detect a more complex nexus of influences at work here in the form of allusions to Senecan tragedy, as well as the awareness of a contemporary act of grove- deforestation described by Tacitus (Annales 14.30-1). Second, I illustrate that in this passage we have an example of Tacitean allusion to Lucan, a topic ripe for further study. A close reading of Seneca’s Thyestes, Oedipus, and Hercules Oetaeus reveals that Lucan echoes, both thematically and verbally, descriptions of groves contained in these plays. I argue that Lucan’s depiction of towering trees (rami), a lone oak (quercus), dismal springs (undae), burning wooden images (simulacra), and destruction of an entire grove and the subsequent re-admittance of light and animals owes a great debt to three very similar grove episodes found in the dramas of Seneca. Thus, the influence on Lucan of various Ovidian loci amoeni needs to be reconsidered in light of the close thematic and verbal parallels found in Lucan’s contemporary. Lucan’s allusive gestures here are far more complex than is usually noted.