Timeline / 400 to 1700 /

Date Country | Description

555 A.D. Portugal

Reorganisation of the Suebian Church by Saint Martin of Dumes.

610 A.D. Portugal

Birth of Saint Fructuosus of Braga.

633 A.D. Portugal

Liturgical unification of Hispania.

711 A.D. Portugal

Start of the islamicisation of al-Andalus. First incursions in al-Gharb.

763 A.D. Portugal

Abbasid revolt in Beja, which quickly spreads to all of al-Gharb.

844 A.D. Portugal

Normans attack the Portuguese coast.

868 A.D. Portugal

Start of the Muladi revolts against their Umayyad rulers in the west of the peninsular.

929 A.D. Portugal

‘Abd al-Rahman III lays siege to Beja and Faro. Establishment of the Caliphate of Córdoba.

1013 A.D. Portugal

Appearance of the first kingdoms in al-Andalus.

1044 A.D. Portugal

Abbasid campaigns in the south. Conquest of and Mértola.

1064 A.D. Portugal

Sisnando takes Coimbra.

1080 A.D. Portugal

Council of Burgos abolishes the Mozarabic rite in favour of the Roman rite. Date Country | Description

1095 A.D. Portugal

Establishment of the Portucuese Counties.

1111 A.D. Portugal

Consolidation of Almoravid power in the southwest of the peninsula. Attack on Coimbra.

1128 A.D. Portugal

Battle of São Mamede. Afonso Henriques takes control of the Portucuese Counties.

1143 A.D. Portugal

Second in al-Gharb. Afonso Henriques recognised as king at the Zamora Conference.

1147 A.D. Portugal

Conquest of Lisbon and Santarém.

1153 A.D. Portugal

Foundation of the abbey at Alcobaça.

1156 A.D. Portugal

Almohad dominance in the south.

1179 A.D. Portugal

Pope Alexander III’s papal bull Manifestis Probatum recognises the king of Portugal.

1184 A.D. Portugal

Muslim attack on Santarém, resulting in the death of Abu Ya‘qub Yusuf.

1189 A.D. Portugal

King of Portugal attacks the region.

1217 A.D. Portugal

Conquest of Alcácer do Sal.

1249 A.D. Portugal

End of the Christian conquest of the west of the peninsula. Date Country | Description

1297 A.D. Portugal

Treaty of Alcanises, which fixes the Portuguese border.

1348 A.D. Portugal

Black death.

1375 A.D. Portugal

King Ferdinand I promulgates the Sesmaria law on agriculture.

1385 A.D. Portugal

Battle of Aljubarrota. Beginning of the Avis Dynasty with John I.

1386 A.D. Portugal

Alliance between Portugal and England.

1415 A.D. Portugal

Start of Portuguese expansion in with the conquest of .

1419 A.D. Portugal

Discovery of the Madeira archipelago.

1427 A.D. Portugal

Discovery of the Azores archipelago

1456 A.D. Portugal

Discovery of the Cabo Verde archipelago.

1487 A.D. Portugal

Voyage of Bartolomeu Dias around the south of to the . On his return, he discovers Cape of Storms, renamed the Cape of Good Hope by John II.

1494 A.D. Portugal

Treaty of Tordesillas between the Catholic Kings and John II, dividing the world into two spheres of influence: the Portuguese part and the Spanish part.

1495 A.D. Portugal

Death of John II and ascension of Manuel I.

1496 A.D. Portugal Date Country | Description

Expulsion of the Jews and the Muslims.

1497 A.D. Portugal

Vasco da Gama leaves for India.

1500 A.D. Portugal

Pedro Álvares Cabral discovers Brazil.

1502 A.D. Portugal

Work starts on the Hieronymites Monastery.

1510 A.D. Portugal

Afonso de Albuquerque conquers .

1540 A.D. Portugal

The Portuguese Inquisition starts its work. Jesuits arrive in Portugal.

1572 A.D. Portugal

First edition of The Lusiads by Luís de Camões.

1578 A.D. Portugal

Battle of Alcácer Quibir (also known as Battle of the Three Kings) during which King Sebastian dies.

1580 A.D. Portugal

Death of Luís de Camões. Loss of independence: Phillip II of becomes king of Portugal as Phillip I.

1640 A.D. Portugal

Restoration of independence under John IV and the start of the Bragança Dynasty.

1668 A.D. Portugal

Peace with Spain, which recognises Portuguese independence.

1696 A.D. Portugal

Gold discovered in Brazil.