Compact Odd Cylinder V-Type Engine

Patentamt JEuropaischesEuropean Patent Office ® Publication number: 0 095 250 ^ 1 Office européen des brevets m EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION © Date of publication ofthe patent spécification: © Int. Cl.4: F 02 B 75/22 14.08.85 |î) Application number: 83302344.3 g) Date offiling: 26.04.83 @) Compact odd cylinder V-type engine. (§) Priority: 24.05.82 US 381 075 @ Proprietor: GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, General Motors Building 3044 West Grand Boulevard, Détroit Michigan 48202 (US) Date of publication of application: 30.1 1.83 Bulletin 83/48 Inventor: Gill, Lloyd Thomas, P.O. Box 159, Okemos Michigan 48864 (US) @ Publication of the grant of the patent : 14.08.85 Bulletin 85/33 ® Représentative: Haines, Arthur Donald et al, GM Patent Section Luton Office (F6) P.O. Box No. 3 Kimpton Road, @ Designated Contracting States: Luton, Beds. LU2 OSY (GB) DE FR GB Références cited: DE-A-3121 302 US-A-4054108 o 10 M 10 0) O Q Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be f iled in a written reasoned g% statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid (Art. 99(1) European patent convention). ACTORUM AG with the combustion chambers of each of the cylinders to deliver fuel thereto. Compact drive means Technical Field are provided to drive the injection pump from the engine camshaft to provide fuel charges to the cyl- This invention relates to V-type internal com- inders on a timed cyclic basis related to the opera- bustion engines and more particularly to a novel tional cycle of the engine. The combined structure compact arrangement for V-type engines having forms the basis of a compact engine package an odd number of cylinders to provide space for an adaptable for installation in relatively small engine engine driven mechanism at one end of a shorter compartments of automotive vehicles. cylinder bank. These and other features and advantages of the invention will be more fully understood and appre- Background ciated from the following description of a specific embodiment taken together with the accompany- In the prior art relating to internal combustion ing drawings. engines it has been common to construct V-type engines having two V-arranged banks each defin- Brief Drawing Description ing an equal number of longitudinally aligned cylinders disposed generally opposite one another. In the drawings: Usually, the cylinders of one bank are offset slight- Fig. 1 is a pictorial view of a five cylinder V-type ly to the rear of those of the other to provide for diesel engine assembly of compact configuration connection of the pistons of the opposite cylinder in accordance with the invention; banks with adjacent crankpin areas of the engine Fig. 2 is a plan view from the plane indicated by crankshaft. the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 with certain of the engine With such V-type engines it is known to provide components deleted for clarity; various engine auxiliary and accessory devices Fig. 3 is a partial rear end view from the plane which may be mounted in suitable convenient indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, with certain of locations on the sides, front and rear of the engine the components deleted; as well as between the cylinder banks where pos- Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the engine cylinder sible, all as may be permitted by the space available block from the plane indicated by the line 4-4 of for mounting the engine and its associated com- Fig. 3; ponents. In the case of automotive engine com- Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of partments for some of the current models of com- the injection pump drive arrangement taken in the pact and subcompact vehicles, the engine com- plane indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; partment space is relatively small, restricting the Fig. 6 is a fragmentary transverse cross-section- size and configuration of engine arrangements al view of the oil pump drive mechanism from the which may be suitably mounted within the engine plane indicated by the line 6-6 of Fig. 5, and compartments of such vehicles. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the pump drive gears from the plane indicated by the line 7-7 of Summary of the Invention Fig. 6. The present invention provides a novel engine Detailed Description arrangement providing a package of unusual com- pactness for mounting in the relatively crowded Referring now to the drawings in detail, there is engine compartments of today's vehicles. A feat- shown in illustration of a specific embodiment of ure of the invention is that it provides a V-type the invention an internal combustion engine cylinder bank arrangement defining an odd num- generally indicated by numeral 10. Engine 10 is a ber of cylinders arranged in longer and shorter cyl- five cylinder 60° V-type diesel engine having a cylinder banks with one less cylinder in the shorter inder block 11. The cylinder block defines left and bank. Another feature is that a space is provided at right cylinder banks 12, 14 respectively arranged one end of the shorter cylinder bank and generally with a relative bank angle of 60° and each includ- opposite one ofthe cylinders of the longer bank for ing a plurality of longitudinally aligned cylinders. mounting an engine driven mechanism without In the present embodiment the left cylinder greatly increasing the required length of the overall bank 12 defines three aligned cylinders. The right engine arrangement. Still another feature is that cylinder bank 14 defines only two aligned cylin- the engine driven mechanism is driven directly by ders lying generally opposite, but slightly offset the engine camshaft through novel and compact toward the rear of the engine from, the front two drive means. cylinders of the left bank. A mounting boss 15 In a specific embodiment the engine comprises supporting a diesel fuel injection pump 16 is a five cylindre V-type diesel engine having long provided on the cylinder block behind the right and short cylinder banks containing three and two cylinder bank 14 and generally opposite, though cylinders respectively. A space behind the short offset rearwardly, from the rear cylinder of the left cylinder bank and generally opposite the rear cyl- bank. The ends of the cylinders are closed by left inder of the long bank is utilized for receiving the and right bank cylinder heads 18, 19 respectively diesel fuel injection pump which is connected by which are provided with rocker covers 20, 22 re- fuel lines with injection nozzles communicating spectively. The cylinder heads and their respective rocker covers are considered, from the standpoint cover an opening 56 in the rear end wall through of the succeeding description and claims, to be which the gears 51, 52 may be installed. included as part of the respective cylinder banks to The novel drive arrangement for the fuel injec- which they are attached. tion pump further includes a driven spiral bevel The engine is additionally provided with a num- gear 57 rotatably journalled on bearings 58 in an ber of externally mounted components or accesso- adapter 59 for rotation on an axis 60 extending ries including a water pump 23, air conditioning normal to the axis of the camshaft 42 with the teeth compressor 24, vacuum pump 26, alternating cur- of the driven gear 57 engaging those of the drive rent generator 27, and other pulley connected de- gear 52. A snap ring 61 engages one of the bear- vices driven through a single serpentine multi- ings 58 and a groove in the end of gear 57 distal groove drive belt 28 by a pulley 29 mounted on the from the gear teeth to retain the gear and adapter end of the engine crankshaft 30. An electrical star- in assembly. The adapter 59 is seated on the ter 31 and an oil filter and mounting body 32 are mounting boss 15 and received in an opening 62 mounted alongside the cylinder block. within boss 15, extending downwardly within the block the camshaft. The transverse The engine package also includes a compact cylinder to wall 47 is 63 clearance for ram tube plenum type air intake manifold 34 cut away at to provide the face of the driven 57 which extends mounted between the cylinder banks and support- gear across the wall and thus ing various associated components. The manifold closely adjacent the rear cam 44, arrangement is disclosed in detail in ourcopending providing a close coupled rear drive arrangement. European patent application EP-A No. 0095251 The fuel injection pump 16 is fixedly secured to filed contemporaneously with this application. Ex- the upper end of the adapter 59 and includes a haust manifolds, such as left bank manifold 35, are pilot protrusion 64 that carries a seal 66 and from carried by the cylinder heads on the outboard sides which there extends an end of a drive shaft 67 for of the cylinder banks. the injection pump. Shaft 67 carries an externally splined member 68 that internal spli- The crankshaft 30 is rotatably supported in the engages 70 formed within the driven 57 to lower portion of the block 11 in nes gear provide cylinder conven- for the tional fashion and includes of crank driving injection pump directly upon rota- a plurality tion of 57. Oil for the and throws not shown, that con-' gear lubricating gear having crankpins, are is drilled nected by rods 36 with 38, spline assembly provided through a pas- connecting pistons one 71 in the 59 from oil in each of the The sage adapter a pressure gal- engine cylinders.

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