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(c) crown copyright Catalogue Reference:cab/66/12/35 Image Reference:0001 THIS DOCUMENT IS THE PROPERTY OF HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT SECRET ^ Copy No. W.P. (40) 405 (Also Paper No. 0.0.S. (40) 801) October 4, 1940 TO BE KEPT UNDER LOCK AND KEY. It is requested that special care may be taken to ensure the secrecy of this document, WAR CABINET WEEKLY RESUME (No. 57) of the NAVAL, MILITARY AND AIR -SITUATION from 12 noon September 26th to 12 noon October 3rd, 1940 [Circulated with the approval of the Chiefs of Staff.) Cabinet War Room NAYAL SITUATION. General Review. There has been some activity by enemy destroyers in the Channel. U-Boats have continued to cause many casualties to shipping in the North-Western Approaches. Attacks by enemy aircraft on shipping on the East Coast have increased. British naval forces have been active in the Eastern Mediterranean. The naval force which was operating off Dakar has returned to Freetown. Home Waters. 2. During the week, in addition to the nightly anti-invasion patrols in the Channel and southern North Sea, three sweeps have been carried out by our destroyers off the French coast to the Eastward of Ushant, but no contacts were made. On the evening of the 29th enemy destroyers were reported and gunfire was heard off Plymouth. Three destroyers, reinforced later by H.M.S. Emerald and one destroyer, were sent to investigate, but nothing was sighted. Subsequently, the wreckage of H.M. Yacht Sappho was found in St. AustelTs Bay. 3. H.M. Monitor Erebus bombarded Calais during the night of the 29th-30th September. On the 1st October H.M. Submarine Swordfish, on patrol off Cherbourg, attacked four small destroyers steaming west, and believes one hit was made. Dover was shelled on three occasions during the week, but no naval casualties have been reported. One hit was made on the detached breakwater. During an air raid on the 27th one naval officer was seriously wounded. 4. On the evening of the 25th September M.T.B. 6 developed a serious leak and sank off Beachy Head. The officers and crew, who were Norwegians, were landed at Newhaven. On the 26th M.T.B. 17 was slightly damaged by a mine in the Thames Estuary, and during the night of the 27th/28th H.M. Trawler Recoil was sunk off Portland, probably by a mine. On the 27th H.M. Minesweeper Halcyon struck a mine off the Tees, but was able to proceed to Middlesborough, and on the morning of the 30th H.M. Corvette Mallard off Harwich was bombed and seriously damaged. H.M. destroyer Campbeltown (one of the ex-American destroyers) was damaged coming alongside at Belfast and will require docking. The battleship King George V was commissioned at the Tyne on the 1st October. 5. During an air raid on Liverpool during the night of the 26th/27th September five berths in the South Docks were temporarily put out of action. Many warehouses and repair shops were damaged or burnt out and two merchant ships were damaged by fire. On the night of the 27th an attack by incendiary bombs on Milford Haven Mine Depot caused no damage. Slight damage was caused by bombs at the Royal Victualling Yard, Deptford. On the 2nd October Mere Oil Fuel Depot near Portland was attacked by a single aircraft, which dropped an unexploded bomb between the tanks. Norway. 6. On the 28th September a force of heavy ships accompanied by destroyers carried out a sweep off the Norwegian coast in search of enemy units reported in this vicinity, but nothing was sighted. Mediterranean. 7. On the 22nd September H.M. Submarine Osiris sank an Italian destroyer 47 miles North-East of Brindisi. On the 29th the Fleet left Alexandria to cover the passage of reinforcements and R.A.F. stores in two cruisers to Malta. A small Mge&n convoy also sailed under cover of this operation. On the morning of the 30th aircraft from H.M.S. Illustrious sighted a large enemy force of battleships, cruisers and destroyers over a hundred miles to the Northward of our fleet steering for Taranto at high speed. It was not possible to intercept them. Between the 29th September and the 2nd October attacks were made with bombs and torpedoes by enemy aircraft on our fleet, which, however, sustained no damage. Four enemy aircraft were shot down; three of our Fulmar aircraft made forced landings. On the 29th two Swordfish of the Fleet Air Arm successfully attacked two merchant ships with a destroyer escort at Jezira el Marasheb. West Africa. 8. The Free French forces under General de Gaulle arrived at Freetown on the 27th, and the British naval forces with H.M.S. Resolution in tow of H.M.S. Barham on the 29th. Temporary repairs to H.M.S. Cumberland have been effected, but dockyard assistance is considered necessary at an early date. The damage caused to the other ships is not serious and temporary repairs are being carried out at Freetown. French aircraft flew over Freetown on the 27th and 28th September and have daily reconnoitred the harbour at Bathurst. A fleet reconnaissance aircraft was unsuccessfully attacked 200 miles north-west of Konakri. On the 28th a report was received from Tangier (which later proved to be incorrect) that a French force, including the battleship Richelieu, had left Dakar, and H.M.S. Renown, with four destroyers, was ordered to intercept them. On the 1st October ah air reconnaissance of Dakar showed that the Richelieu was still in the inner harbour with three destroyers, one submarine and one sloop. Two Gloire class cruisers were in the outer harbour, and tugs were standing by a Fantasque class destroyer which was beached near Rufisque, Aden. 9. On the 27th September the French S.S. Esperance was intercepted south of Aden and ordered in under an aimed guard. Anti-Submarine Operations. 10. In Home Waters ten attacks, of which two were by" aircraft, were carried out during the week without visible result. In the Mediterranean a destroyer and two A/S trawlers sent to attack four submarines, which had been reported by aircraft southward of Malta, failed to locate them. On the night of the 29th-30th September H.M.A.S. Stuart, 60 miles off Alexandria, made a series of attacks on a U-boat which forced her to the surface, whereupon she was bombed by a flying-boat and sank after the crew had abandoned her. Another U-boat was sunk on the 2nd October by H.M. Destroyers Havock and Hasty in the Eastern Mediterranean. Enemy attack on Seaborne Trade. 11. During the period 80,000 tons of shipping have been sunk by enemy action, and in addition two ships (14,000 tons) have been included which were sunk previously but not reported, making a total of 88,000 tons. Seven British (50,506 tons) and three Norwegian ships (11,721 tons) were sunk by U-boats in the North-Western Approaches, and one Spanish ship (4,291 tons) was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean. One small Dutch schoot was mined, and two British ships (13,236 tons) sunk by aircraft. East Coast convoys have been attacked by aircraft with increased frequency, particularly in the vicinity of Kinnaird Head. Two ships have been sunk and three damaged by these attacks. The British S.S. Sussex (11,063 tons) was bombed and machine-gunned by four aircraft 340 miles west of the Bloody Foreland arid slightly damaged. Full details will be found in Appendix I. [21795] B Losses of Merchant Vessels due to Marine Risks during the first year of the war. 12. The monthly rate of British tonnage lost by marine risk during the first year of the war was 24,000 tons, which is the same as the average monthly losses from this cause during the years 1914-18, but the corresponding peace-time figure for the average of the eight years preceding this war was only 7,000 tons. The average monthly rate of loss of foreign tonnage during the first year of this war was 31,000 tons. Here again this figure is about the same as the relative figure for the years 1914-18 (viz., 32,000 tons) as compared with 21,000 tons for the average monthly loss during the eight years preceding the present war. A graph showing a comparison of Marine Risks in Peace and War for British Allied and Neutral shipping during the first year of the war is attached at the end of this Resume. Protection of Seaborne Trade. 13. 807 ships, including 103 Allied and 35 neutral, were convoyed during the week ending noon the 2nd October, of which two were sunk by U-boats and two by aircraft. Five other ships were torpedoed and sunk after they had dispersed from outward-bound convoys. Ten armed merchant cruisers, 33 destroyers, 14 sloops and 24 corvettes were employed on escort duties. 125 ships, of which 105 were British, have been lost in convoy since the commencment of hostilities and, of these, 65 have been sunk since the 1st July, 1940. During June, July and August 233 British of 1,835,705 tons and 57 Allied and neutral ships of 183,501 tons have arrived in home ports unescorted. Imports into Great Britain by ships in convoy during the week ending the 28th September totalled 799,188 tons, compared with 830,794 tons for the previous week. Seven tankers brought 66,855 tons of oil of various grades.