ABC-CLIO Modern Genocide

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Modern Genocide Understanding Causes and Consequences One of 16 Award-Winning Social Studies Research Databases Modern Genocide uses definitive expertise and sensitivity to provide students with an eye-opening look at 10 genocides. A full collection of primary and secondary sources inspires important discussions of contemporary human and civil rights issues: memoirs, narratives, domestic and international legal documents, and other firsthand accounts of the impact of genocide on individuals and societies. Primary and Secondary Sources. More than 300 primary sources including memoirs, narrative, domestic and international legal documents and TOPIC CENTERS other first-hand accounts depicting the impact Herero Genocide: 1904–1907 of genocide on both individuals and societies. Armenian Genocide: 1915–1923 Holocaust: 1933–1945 Framework. Employs the widely accepted “eight Cambodian Genocide: 1975–1979 stages of genocide” framework to help educators East Timor Genocide: 1975–1999 provide context for teaching students. Guatemalan Genocide: 1981–1983 Critical Thinking Curriculum. Scaffolded activities Kurdish Genocide: 1986–1989 built around central inquiry questions and reinforced Bosnian Genocide: 1992–1995 with graphic organizers and media-rich source Rwandan Genocide: 1994 material to help students build critical thinking skills. Darfur Genocide: 2003–Present Student Skills Videos. Four video series providing students with lively, clear instruction reinforcing skills for success both in and out of the classroom: Writing, Reading, Researching, and Critical Thinking. Student Accessibility and Exporting. AWARDS APA, Chicago, and MLA citations Best Social Studies Website — ComputEd Gazette Translation for 12 languages Voice-to-text delivery Gold Award — Modern Library Awards Export content to Google Drive, Google Classroom, Best Online Educational Resource — ComputED and Dropbox. Best Educational Software Awards (BESSIES) Best Social Studies Website — ComputED Best Support for Classroom Teachers and Librarians. Educational Software Awards (BESSIES) Curriculum guides District alignment tools Professional development www.ebsco.com | [email protected] | (978) 356-6500 | (800) 653-2726.

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A War of Proper Names: The Politics of Naming, Indigenous Insurrection, and Genocidal Violence During Guatemala’s Civil War. Juan Carlos Mazariegos Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2020 © 2019 Juan Carlos Mazariegos All Rights Reserved Abstract A War of Proper Names: The Politics of Naming, Indigenous Insurrection, and Genocidal Violence During Guatemala’s Civil War During the Guatemalan civil war (1962-1996), different forms of anonymity enabled members of the organizations of the social movement, revolutionary militants, and guerrilla combatants to address the popular classes and rural majorities, against the backdrop of generalized militarization and state repression. Pseudonyms and anonymous collective action, likewise, acquired political centrality for revolutionary politics against a state that sustained and was symbolically co-constituted by forms of proper naming that signify class and racial position, patriarchy, and ethnic difference. Between 1979 and 1981, at the highest peak of mass mobilizations and insurgent military actions, the symbolic constitution of the Guatemalan state was radically challenged and contested. From the perspective of the state’s elites and military high command, that situation was perceived as one of crisis; and between 1981 and 1983, it led to a relatively brief period of massacres against indigenous communities of the central and western highlands, where the guerrillas had been operating since 1973. Despite its long duration, by 1983 the fate of the civil war was sealed with massive violence. Although others have recognized, albeit marginally, the relevance of the politics of naming during Guatemala’s civil war, few have paid attention to the relationship between the state’s symbolic structure of signification and desire, its historical formation, and the dynamics of anonymous collective action and revolutionary pseudonymity during the war.
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Armen Sarkissian • Adama Dieng • Henry Theriault • Fernand De Varennes • Mô Bleeker • Kyriakos Kyriakou-Hadjiyianni •
GENOCIDE PREVENTION THROUGH EDUCATION 9-11 DECEMBER 2018 YEREVAN • ARMENIA ORGANIZERS Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia WITH SUPPORT OF IN COOPERATION WITH UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON GENOCIDE PREVENTION AND THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT TABLE of CONTENTS 9 Message from the Organizers 12 PROGRAM 9-11 December 2018 16 HIGH LEVEL SEGMENT • Zohrab Mnatsakanyan • Armen Sarkissian • Adama Dieng • Henry Theriault • Fernand de Varennes • Mô Bleeker • Kyriakos Kyriakou-Hadjiyianni • 47 PLENARY Dunja SESSION: Mijatović 70th Anniversaries of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide and the Uni- versal Declaration of Human Rights. 69 PANEL ONE: Supporting Genocide Prevention through Perpetua- tion of Remembrance Days of Genocide Victims. 101 PANEL TWO: New Approaches to Education and Art about Geno- cide and its Prevention. 123 PANEL THREE: Combating Genocide Denial and Propaganda of Xenophobia. 161 PANEL FOUR: The Role of Education and Awareness Raising in the Prevention of the Crime of Genocide. 190 PREVENTION 194 SIDE EVENTS 200 AFTERWORD 10 MESSAGE FROM THE ORGANIZERS he 3rd Global Forum against the Crime of Genocide was held in 2018 and was dedicated to the issues of genocide preven- T tion through education, culture and museums. It examined the challenges and opportunities, experiences and perspectives of the genocide education. This book encompasses presentations that address among other things the role of genocide museums, memorial sites and institutes for perpetuation of remembrance, as well as such complex issues as - tings in which reconciliation, memory, and empathy help to restore aworking modicum with of groups-in-conflicttrust and open communication; in non-traditional combatting educational genocide set denial and propaganda of xenophobia.
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The Guatemala Genocide Cases: Universal Jurisdiction and Its Limits
© The Guatemala Genocide Cases: Universal Jurisdiction and Its Limits by Paul “Woody” Scott* INTRODUCTION Systematic murder, genocide, torture, terror and cruelty – all are words used to describe the campaigns of Guatemalan leaders, including President Jose Efrain Rios Montt, directed toward the indigenous Mayans in the Guatemalan campo. The United Nations-backed Truth Commission concludes that the state carried out deliberate acts of genocide against the Mayan indigenous populations.1 Since Julio Cesar Mendez Montenegro took Guatemalan presidential office in 1966, Guatemala was involved in a bloody civil war between the army and guerrilla groups located in the Guatemalan countryside. The bloodshed escalated as Montt, a fundamentalist Christian minister, rose to power in 1982 after taking part in a coup d’état and becoming the de facto president of Guatemala. He was in power for just sixteen months, considered by many to be the bloodiest period of Guatemala’s history.2 Under his sixteen-month rule, more than 200,000 people were victims of homicide or forced kidnappings, 83% of whom were of indigenous Mayan origin. Indigenous Mayans were targeted, killed, tortured, raped, and * Paul “Woody” Scott is an associate attorney with Jeri Flynn & Associates in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. His practice is primarily immigration law and criminal defense, specializing in defending immigrants charged with criminal offenses, and deportation defense. He was born in San Pedro Sula, Honduras and moved to the United States at a very early age. He is fluent in both English and Spanish. 1 United Nations Office for Project Services [UNOPS], Commission for Historical Clarification [CEH], Conclusions and Recommendations, GUATEMALA, MEMORIA DEL SILENCIO [hereinafter, GUATEMALA, MEMORY OF SILENCE], Volume V, ¶ 26 (1999).
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Applying the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: a Case Study of Henry Kissinger
Applying the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Case Study of Henry Kissinger Steven Feldsteint TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .......................................... 1665 I. Background ........... ....... ..................... 1671 A . H enry Kissinger ........................................................................ 1672 B. The Development of International Humanitarian Law ............. 1675 1. Sources of International Law ............................................. 1676 2. Historical Development of International Humanitarian L aw ..................................................................................... 16 7 7 3. Post-World War 11 Efforts to Codify International Hum anitarian Principles ................................................. 1680 a. The 1948 Genocide Convention ......................................... 1680 b. The Geneva Conventions ................................................... 1682 c. United Nations Suite of Human Rights Conventions ......... 1684 C. The Development of International War Crimes Tribunals ....... 1685 1. N urem berg Tribunal ........................................................... 1685 2. IC TY and IC TR .................................................................. 1687 3. The International Criminal Court ....................................... 1688 4. U niversal Jurisdiction ......................................................... 1694 5. A lien Tort Claim s A ct ........................................................ 1695 I1. Individual Accountability
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Falun Gong in China
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 12 Issue 1 Article 6 6-2018 Cold Genocide: Falun Gong in China Maria Cheung University of Manitoba Torsten Trey Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting David Matas University of Manitoba Richard An EME Professional Corp Legal Services Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation Cheung, Maria; Trey, Torsten; Matas, David; and An, Richard (2018) "Cold Genocide: Falun Gong in China," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 12: Iss. 1: 38-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5038/1911-9933.12.1.1513 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol12/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cold Genocide: Falun Gong in China Acknowledgements This article is dedicated to the Chinese citizens who were innocently killed for their spiritual beliefs. This article is available in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol12/iss1/6 Cold Genocide: Falun Gong in China Maria Cheung University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Torsten Trey Doctors Against Forced Organ Harvesting Washington, D.C., USA David Matas University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Richard An York University Toronto, Ontario, Canada Introduction The classical school of genocide studies which traces back to Raphael Lemkin focuses on eradication of a group through the mass murder of its members in a short period.
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From the Indonesian Killings of 1965Ð1966 to the 1974Ð1999 Genocide in East Timor
Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal Volume 7 Issue 2 Article 6 August 2012 Foreshadowing Future Slaughter: From the Indonesian Killings of 1965Ð1966 to the 1974Ð1999 Genocide in East Timor Kai Thaler Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp Recommended Citation Thaler, Kai (2012) "Foreshadowing Future Slaughter: From the Indonesian Killings of 1965Ð1966 to the 1974Ð1999 Genocide in East Timor," Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 7: Iss. 2: Article 6. DOI: 10.3138/gsp.7.2/3.204 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/gsp/vol7/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Journals at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal by an authorized editor of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Foreshadowing Future Slaughter: From the Indonesian Killings of 1965–1966 to the 1974–1999 Genocide in East Timor Kai Thaler Harvard University and Portuguese Institute of International Relations and Security The failure of the international community to act on the legal and moral imperative to stop, punish, and prevent genocide and other mass killings has led to the establishment of genocidal regimes that institutionalize genocide as a tactic of repression and power consolidation. One such repeat offender regime was the New Order government of Indonesia, which committed mass killings of known and alleged communists throughout Indonesia in 1965–1966 and later carried out a genocidal, colonial occupation of East Timor. I demonstrate parallels between the actors, tactics, and discourse of the communist killings and the Timorese Genocide.
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Forensic Anthropologist's Role in Developing Evidence To
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 Proving Genocide: The Role of Forensic Anthropology in Developing Evidence to Convict Those Responsible for Genocide Jean M. Morgan Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES PROVING GENOCIDE: THE ROLE OF FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGY IN DEVELOPING EVIDENCE TO CONVICT THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR GENOCIDE By Jean M. Morgan A Thesis submitted to the Department of Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2011 Copyright © 2011 Jean M. Morgan All Rights Reserved Jean M. Morgan defended this thesis on October 17, 2011. The members of the supervisory committee were: Glen H. Doran Professor Directing the Thesis Rochelle Marrinan Committee Member Lynne Schepartz Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the thesis has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii I would like to dedicate this work to Bishop Juan Gerardi Conedera, of the Archdiocese of Guatemala, who was murdered two days after issuing a report on the Guatemalan genocide. Additionally, this work is dedicated to all of the courageous forensic scientists and prosecutors who investigate atrocities and prosecute cases of genocide at the risk of their own personal safety. Without their dedication and hard work, justice would not be served for the victims of genocide and their loved ones. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The thesis presented here would not have been possible without the support of colleagues, family, friends, and medical professionals.
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The Crime of Genocide's Evolution and the Meaning of the Milosevic Trial
St. John's Law Review Volume 76 Number 2 Volume 76, Spring 2002, Number 2 Article 2 February 2012 Can Sovereigns Be Brought to Justice? The Crime of Genocide's Evolution and the Meaning of the Milosevic Trial Michael J. Kelly Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/lawreview Recommended Citation Kelly, Michael J. (2002) "Can Sovereigns Be Brought to Justice? The Crime of Genocide's Evolution and the Meaning of the Milosevic Trial," St. John's Law Review: Vol. 76 : No. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/lawreview/vol76/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in St. John's Law Review by an authorized editor of St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLES CAN SOVEREIGNS BE BROUGHT TO JUSTICE? THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE'S EVOLUTION AND THE MEANING OF THE MILOSEVIC TRIAL MICHAEL J. KELLYt INTRODU CTION ............................................................................ 260 I. H ISTORICAL CONTEXT ............................................................ 260 II. CONCEPTUAL EVOLUTION OF GENOCIDE AS AN INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNIZED CRIME ........................... 264 A. GENOCIDE AND THE PERIOD OF WORLD WARS (1915- 1945) ....................................................................... 266 B. GENOCIDE CONVENTION DEFINES THE CRIME (1948) ....... 281 C. GENOCIDE AND INACTION DURING THE COLD WAR (1950-
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A Comparative Study of the Assyrian and Guatemalan Genocides
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 5-1-2015 A Comparative Study of the Assyrian and Guatemalan Genocides Bernadette Mary Lazar University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Islamic World and Near East History Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons Repository Citation Lazar, Bernadette Mary, "A Comparative Study of the Assyrian and Guatemalan Genocides" (2015). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 2373. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/7645938 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ASSYRIAN AND GUATEMALAN GENOCIDES By Bernadette M. Lazar Bachelor of Arts - Political Science University of Nevada, Las Vegas 2010 A thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts - Political Science Department of Political Science College of Liberal Arts The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 2015 We recommend the thesis prepared under our supervision by Bernadette M.
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Integrated Genocide History
Integrated Genocide History George N. Shirinian, ed., Genocide in the Ottoman Empire: Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks, 1913–1923, New York & Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2017. Pp 433, hardcover, $69.95 US. Reviewed by Matthias Bjørnlund, Danish Institute for Study Abroad The Context Genocide studies—in short, analyzing one or more cases of organized mass destruc- tion—is by now a somewhat established academic discipline. While it is still young, it is, after ‘‘having remained marginal to academic discourse’’ for decades, no longer a mere toddler in the field of humanities and social sciences thanks to a host of factors, from individual achievements to geopolitical shifts.1 Genocide, of course, is not young, not even as a concept. For instance, long before Nazi atrocities were famously dubbed ‘‘a crime without a name’’ by Winston Churchill in 1941, neologisms exactly similar to Raphael Lemkin’s 1943/44 invention of the Greek-Latin hybrid word ‘‘genocide,’’ (geńos +-cide, i.e., the murder of a people/nation/race/tribe) were used by Scandinavian and German politicians, diplomats, reporters, and intellectuals from 1915, alongside ‘‘crimes against humanity,’’ ‘‘extermination,’’ and ‘‘race murder’’ to define or encapsulate the ongoing destruction of the Ottoman Armenians and Greeks. These neologisms were, for instance, folkemord, folkmord, and Vo¨lkermord, all combining the words ‘‘people’’ and ‘‘murder.’’ Both before and after that, the Greek genoktonia, the Armenian tseghas- panutiun, and several similar words synonymous with genocide were used
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The Swan Song of Universal Jurisdiction in Spain
International Criminal Law Review International Criminal Law Review 9 (2009) 777–808 brill.nl/icla Th e Swan Song of Universal Jurisdiction in Spain Ignacio de la Rasilla del Moral* Visiting “Global Governance, Law and Social Th ought” Fellow Th e Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Abstract On 29 April 2009 the Spanish National Court opened a cause against the “perpetrators, the instigators, the necessary collaborators and accomplices” of alleged tortures at the Guantanamo camp and other overseas detention facilities. Before examining how these and other causes currently opened in Spain under the principle of universal jurisdiction enshrined by Art. 23.4 of the Organic Law of the Judicial Branch (LOPJ) are likely to be aﬀ ected by the legislative reform of that very provision approved by the Spanish Congress of Deputies on 25 June 2009, we will ﬁ rst examine the sinuous - and now dramatically indicative in retrospect - jurispruden- tial evolution of the treatment of the principle of universal justice by Spanish Courts since the Constitutional Court enshrined a doctrine of unconditional universal jurisdiction in its widely celebrated Guatemala Genocide case in June 2005. Th is is complemented by an overview of the cases that, jurisdictionally based on the principle of universal justice enshrined by Article 23 of the LOPJ, are still currently open (from e.g., Tibet to Rwanda or Gaza) before Spanish Courts. In addition, set against the background provided by the release of the four so-called “torture memos” by the Obama Administration in April 2009, there is a brief examination of the pos- sibilities of jurisdictional prosecution of both the perpetrators and those who formulated the legal guidance authorizing the “enhanced interrogators techniques” in both the U.S.
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Physical and Cultural Genocide of Indigenous Peoples
530 Chapter 13 PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL GENOCIDE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Robert K. Hitchcock Tara M. Twedt Introduction The indigenous peoples in the world today have been described as "victims of progress" (Bodley, 1999) and who as a people have had to face "colonization, genocide, and a constant struggle for cultural and physical survival" (Independent Commission on International Humanitarian Issues, 1987, p. xi). Indigenous peoples are small-scale -- and sometimes large-scale -- societies that frequently have been dealt with harshly by the governments and citizens in the states in which they live. Some see them as being particularly vulnerable to genocidal acts because of their small group sizes, cultural distinctiveness, occupation of remote areas, and relative technological and organizational simplicity (Kuper, 1985, p. 301; Burger, 1987, p. 38; Amnesty International, 1992a, pp. 61-62). Variously referred to as aboriginals, native peoples, tribal peoples, Fourth World peoples, or "first nations," these populations have suffered from vicious mistreatment, discrimination, and lack of equal opportunity in employment for centuries. This was especially true from the time of colonial expansion into Africa, Asia, the Pacific, and the 530 From Century of Genocide, 3rd Edition, © 2009 Taylor and Francis, Inc 531 Americas (International Labour Office, 1953; Wolf, 1982; Wilmer, 1993; Heinz, 1988; Howard, 2003). As Burger (1987) notes, "When the indigenous population did not encounter direct genocide, they faced instead enslavement, forced labor, and menial work" (p. 38). Over the past 500 years, literally millions of indigenous peoples have had to cope with destruction of their life ways and habitats, disease, dispossession, and exploitation (Clay, 1984; Maybury Lewis 1997, 2002; International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs 1988; Hitchcock, 1999; Hitchcock and Koperski, 2008).
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