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OCTOBER, 1947 25 CENTS and not by guess! Counting the new models, there They also clean your car from top to for danger signs. Finally, all tires are are over 10,500 different lubrication bottom! They clean all window glass smartly dressed with a shiny coat of rub- points on all the various cars. That's inside and out until it sparkles! They ber dressing and the entire car wiped off why—no matter how many times they empty the ash trays and sweep the floor- with a soft cloth. may lubricate your car—the Union Oil boards. All door hinges are lubricated. Such extra-special service is typi- Minute Men never trust their memory. The choke, throttle and light switches cal of all Minute Man operations. Every Your car is lubricated by reference to its are oiled for easier manipulation, as are step has been carefully and systemati- own individual Stop-Wear Guide Card. the brake, clutch and accelerator pedals. cally planned with you in mind. But you get more than just a good Mechanical points underneath the car Try the Union Oil Minute Men for real lubrication job from the Minute Men. and about the engine are double-checked service! Speed. Courtesy. Cleanliness.

Union Oil Minute Man Se*Tvice

THE DESERT MAGAZINE DESERT CALENDAR Sept.-Oct.—Arts of the Pacific Coast In- dians, Special exhibit, Southwest Museum, Los Angeles, California. Sept. 28-Oct. 5—New Mexico state fair, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Oct., first week—Indian fair, arts and crafts market, Shiprock, New Mex- ico. Oct. 3-4—Apache county fair, St. Johns, Arizona. Volume 10 OCTOBER, 1947 Number 12 Oct. 3-4—Sierra club, Desert Peaks section, climb of Pinto peak and Cerro COVER SENITA, or Old-Man Cactus, photographed near Gordo, Inyo county, California. Arizona-Mexico border. By Chuck Abbott, Oct. 3-4—Gay Nineties celebration, Ridgecrest-Inyokern, California. Tucson, Arizona. Oct. 3-5—Cochise county fair, Douglas, CALENDAR Arizona. October events on the desert 3 Oct. 4—Annual fiesta and elk dance, PHOTOGRAPHY Nambe pueblo, New Mexico. Announcement of August contest winners . . 4 Oct. 4—Annual meeting, Southern Ari- PERSONALITY zona Pioneer Cowboy association, Padre of the Desert Mobley ranch, Douglas, Arizona. By MARGARET PHILLIPS 5 Oct. 4—Gila county fair, Young, Ari- zona. INDIAN LORE Don't Knock on a Hogan Door Oct. 8-11—Eastern New Mexico state By RICHARD VAN VALKENBURGH ... 9 fair, Roswell, New Mexico. Oct. 17-18—Greenlee county fair, Dun- HUMOR Hard Rock Shorty of Death Valley 13 can, Arizona. Oct. 17-19—Luna county fair, Deming, NATURE Its Nose is a Shovel New Mexico. By GLENN E. VARGAS 14 Oct. 24-26—Tombstone Days, Tomb- stone, Arizona. ART OF LIVING Desert Trails, by MARSHAL SOUTH .... 15 Oct. 25-26—Sierra club climb, Toro peak and Martinez mountain, Santa POETRY Little Papoose, and other poems 17 Rosa mountains, California. Oct. 27-29—American Mining congress BOTANY These Plants Sponge Upon Their Neighbors and International Mining days, El By MARY BEAL 18 Paso, Texas. Oct. 29-31—National Reclamation asso- FIELD TRIP Field Day for Topaz Hunters ciation convention, Phoenix, Ari- By HAROLD O. WEIGHT 19 zona. Oct. 31—Nevada Admission day cele- DESERT QUIZ A test of your knowledge of the desert .... 24 bration, Carson City, Nevada. Oct. 31—Mardi Gras, Barstow, Cali- ART Artist of Dos Palmas fornia. By JOHN HILTON 24 Oct. 31—Halloween Mardi Gras, Tuc- son, Arizona. MINING Current news briefs 26 Mid-Oct.—Harvest festival and doll dance, Zuni pueblo, New Mexico. LETTERS Comment from Desert Magazine readers ... 27 CONTEST Announcement of October photo contest ... 28 NEWS Here and There on the Desert 29 Keep your copies of LAPIDARY Amateur Gem Cutter, by LELANDE QUICK . . 34 HOBBY Gems and Minerals 35 DESERT I IAGAZINE in INDEX Annual index, Volume 10 of Desert Magazine . 42 Loose Leaf Binders! COMMENT Just Between You and Me, by the Editor ... 46 These gold-

This picture of Mrs. Tony Yassie and her son, Navajo Indians of Monument valley, won first award in Desert Magazine's August contest. Photograph was taken by Ward W. Howland, Los Angeles, California. Zeiss Ikon Nettar camera. 1/25 second at f.22—midday in June, 1947.

Subject for Desert's October photographic contest is "Desert Clouds." Cloud effects in the sky should predominate in the picture—and the desert offers wonderful possibilities for photograph- ers in this field. See complete rules and prize offer on another page of this issue. Second Navajo boy in Monument valley. Photograph taken by Hubert A. Lowman, South Gate, Cali- fornia. 1/100 second at f.ll. Yellow filter, high speed panchromatic film.

THE DESERT MAGAZINE .;mmmBmm&

Byron and Walter Jo-Jo Hansen, nephews of Father Crowley, unveiled the monument dedicating Crowley lake in honor of the Desert Padre.

would be unseemly to pay such tribute to any individual priest, his friends were given to understand. These friends set about to find other ways to perpetuate forever the name and memory of the Padre of the Desert. By MARGARET PHILLIPS LISTS of gold and red aspen leaves When the City of Los Angeles named sailed overhead, thick as early au- in his honor the huge new lake formed by Photographs by Curtis Phillips tumn snowflakes, and a sharp impounding waters in Long valley, it was breeze ruffled the beautiful blue waters a special tribute to a great man from a of the new lake. Two little boys quickly great antagonist. Once the representatives The desert country owes much drew back the veil, revealing the stone of the city had literally shaken a fist in the to its padres—Garces, Kino, Es- monument dedicated to the memory of Padre's face, but he won from them re- calanie, Salvatierra, U g a r t e, the Padre of the Desert. spect and admiration. From his own peo- Font—these are just a few of the If the spirit of the Padre looked down ple he won love. many robed knights of the on the scene, he must have been deeply Probably never before has any man church who blazed trails in the touched, for it was just such a ceremony come to our desert and in the space of a arid Southwest for the trapper, as he himself might have planned. The few years won tremendous love and devo- the gold-seeker and eventually Padre possessed a supreme sense of the tion from a large and widespread group the settlers who came to this re- dramatic and the whimsical, and elements of people. If you try to learn the reason for gion at a later date. But while we of both were to be found in the occasion, this great love, everyone will give you a pay tribute to the Catholic fathers with Catholic, Jew and Gentile joining to different answer, according to his own of the 17th and 18th centuries for do him honor. viewpoint, for Father Crowley possessed the zeal and courage of their When the Very Rev. Monsignor John J. that universality as a person which Shakes- quest for souls, the heroic quali- Crowley was killed in an auto accident peare possessed as a writer. He was always ties they possessed still live in very early in the morning on St. Patrick's sincere, always himself, yet as much at the hearts of succeeding genera- day in 1940, his friends of the desert and home chatting with a blasphemous old tions and of today. Father Crow- mountains proposed to carry through to stonemason in the desert as exchanging ley, Padre of the Desert, who met completion his plans for an All Souls verbal daggers with Dr. Haines, chairman an untimely death in 1940, de- Memorial chapel in Death Valley; but of the department of water and power of serves a niche in the same hall of they wished to dedicate it to the memory the City of Los Angeles. honor as is occupied by those of the Padre of the Desert. The plan was Born among the storied lakes of Killar- padres of an earlier period. not approved by the Catholic church. It ney in Ireland, John Joseph Crowley came

OCTOBER, 1947 to America as an immigrant boy of eleven, campaign of 1923-24 in Owens valley. As Merritt appeared before the Los Angeles one of a large family with little means. He the ranches were bought by the city, their board of water and power. grew up in Massachusetts, attended Clark irrigation water was turned into the Los "The very fact that the people sent their university, Holy Cross college and St. Angeles aqueduct. All Inyo would be priest down made the board members sit Mary's seminary, Baltimore. Ordained for turned back to desert, rumor said. Hun- up and take notice," Father Crowley the priesthood in the diocese of Monterey, dreds of families sold to the city and smiled. he served for a few months in 1919 as as- moved out, while others were ready to The Padre of the Desert was a modest sistant in St. Agnes parish, Los Angeles. fight to stay on their lands. The Padre was man, but he knew the force of his own Because he was so obviously fitted by deeply concerned over the problems of his personality; and he enjoyed the confusion disposition to make a fine husband and people and the empty new churches, with that his presence created at the board meet- father, I once asked him if he missed the their mortgages now hopeless of payment. ing. The board members were surprised family he might have had. In his reply to In 1924 Bishop MacGinley appointed by the stature of the man who had come up this direct question, he gave the only ad- him chancellor in Fresno, and he had no against them. When they attempted to nrssion of loneliness which I ever knew choice but to accept. For ten years he pass the situation off by inviting the Padre him to make. served there, winning great honor and to send them a definite statement, a writ- "Yes," he said. "No man ever enters recognition, but in 1933 he fell ill from ten outline, of what he wanted, the priest the priesthood without the consciousness overwork. For eight months he lay in the drew from his pocket a well-formulated of a great sacrifice. But if I had a family of hospital. 13-point program, stating the exact re- my own, I could not possibly be 'Father' to quests of the people of Inyo. The interview everyone as I am now. I don't even dare to Lying in his bed, he thought over the closed with sharp words between the become intimate with any special friends, things that had happened to Inyo with the Padre and Dr. Haines, chairman of the or some others of my people might feel passing years. Desperate farmers had dy- board of water and power. namited the aqueduct in 1927 without that my attention was all taken up and that The board investigated the Inyo Asso- doing any good for the country. More and I had no time for their problems." ciates and found them solid business men. more people moved away, farms returned It had been taken for granted in Los An- With a larger than ordinary capacity for to the desert, and merchants went out of geles that all Owens valleyans were dyna- love, he poured his affection on the great, business. At the end of the buying cam- miters, just as it had been taken for grant- austere, dramatic land of desert and moun- paign Los Angeles owned 80 per cent of ed in the valley that all Angelenos were tains around Owens valley. Even before he the valley lands according to area, or 90 dirty politicians. saw Inyo, he yearned toward it when he per cent according to tax valuation. Citi- heard the call issued for a volunteer priest zens saw no hope for home building in Most important of the requests which to go to this lonely and little known place the future. Father Crowley presented for the Asso- in 1919. The county had never had a resi- ciates were two: that the city should ap- dent pastor and the four churches its priest The churches which the Padre had built point a single responsible representative would serve were spread over 10,000 for Inyo had smaller congregations, debts to handle the board's affairs in Owens square miles. Young Father Crowley ac- as large as ever, and no prospects of pay- valley so that matters would not be end- cepted the call. Archbishop Cantwell in- ing them off. He longed to bring back lessly footballed from person to person formed the volunteer that he would not be people and welfare to the churches he had and department to department, with prom- allowed to stay more than two years, as it founded. Through the bedridden months, ises broken all the way along; and that would make any man queer to stay more plans formulated in his mind. In 1934 the city should sell back valley homes to than two years in Inyo. Father Crowley was able to be up a bit, and private owners. A great deal of quiet work Little Santa Rosa church in Lone Pine, for the sake of his health, he was allowed by Father Crowley and Ralph Merritt be- his headquarters, threw up its spire toward to choose the field in which he would gan to bear fruit in increased good will, Mt. Whitney, highest peak in the United work. A semi-invalid, he returned to the especially as the personnel of the board States. Off to the east, and still in his par- desert and recovered rapidly. changed. ish, was Death Valley, lowest point in the To bring prosperity and members to his In September, 1938, these activities nation. The extravagance of nature in put- churches, he had two aims, to make the culminated in a tour of the valley for mem- ting such extremes into one parish was a people of Inyo realize that their scenery bers of the Los Angeles city council and constant delight to him, even when every- was now their greatest commercial asset, the board of water and power, with a big thing else was hard. and to bring about co-operative relations dinner in the evening where the Los An- Irish courage and humor sustained him with the City of Los Angeles. If the angeles men could meet personally with the through the discouraging first days in the tagonistic neighbors could become friend- business men of the valley and learn at field. He had no rectory and "lived in his ly, perhaps Los Angeles would sell back first hand of the needs of Inyo. The suitcase" he related, spending most of his some of its property in Owens valley and Padre's sense of the dramatic was at its days and many nights plowing through the little desert towns could again become best in playing up the striking and roman- sand ruts in a Model T. Sometimes he had self-respecting, home-owning communi- tic possibilities of such a meeting. The din- a cot in the backroom of one of the ties. ner was held around a huge open camp- churches and sometimes he stayed in a ho- fire in the dusk, at Whitney Portal, with tel. Services were held alternately at For a long time the Padre talked his the towering rock walls outlined against a Bishop, Lone Pine, Barstow and Rands- problem over with Ralph Merritt, a close starry heaven and the scent of tall pines burg. friend and a business man with a brilliant in the air. mind. They planned a new organization When a permanent priest was placed at for the county, to be made up of progres- The exchange of wary courtesies began Barstow, Father Crowley was asked to re- sive and forward looking men from each to give way to genuine friendliness. One turn to Los Angeles as assistant to the town, men willing to forget the past and councilman rose and stated that he did not Bishop of Los Angeles. He preferred to plan enthusiastically for the future. see why the people of Inyo should worry stick to the job he had chosen in Inyo. Twenty-one men organized as the Inyo about purchasing houses when they had Every year he was urged to return to the Associates, formulated a definite program for a home the protection of these moun- city and each time he declined. for community betterment and appointed tain walls and the beautiful dome of sky To take care of his large congregation a number of committees, including one for overhead. Just then the first drops of a in Bishop, he was authorized to build a the improvement of relations with the rainshower began to fall. new church. The week after it was com- City of Los Angeles. As representatives of "Because the roof leaks," the Padre was pleted, Los Angeles launched its buying this group, Father Crowley and Ralph quick to reply, as pleased with nature's co- THE DESERT MAGAZINE The Padre ivas beloved jor the ivhole-hearted manner in which he entered into the spirit of every event. When hone Vine citizens dressed in old time garb for their Mt. Whitney- Death Valley celebration, the Padre found himself the garb of a priest of many years ago and wore his costume all during the week of the festivities. operation as if he had planned even this mouth of Long valley, north of Owens va1- anyone could remember. To the people detail. The meeting adjourned to the par- ley, would insure an adequate supply of involved, it seemed a miracle to find them- ish hall in Lone Pine. water for both Inyo and Los Angeles. Get- selves doing teamwork with neighbors Late in 1938 the first deed was deliv- ting the dam built was essential to the who had always been quarrelsome rivals. ered in Big Pine for the sale of city-owned Padre's plans. The city had voted the Calls for the Padre's time were more property back to a private owner. Only money and drawn the blueprints but no and more pressing. He was holding regu- town properties were sold, no ranch lands, steps were taken to start the project. One lar services in Inyokern, 68 miles south of and the city retained the underground night the city's chief engineer, attending Lone Pine; Death Valley, 105 miles east, water rights; but this was sufficient to re- an Inyo Associates meeting, attempted to and Mammoth, 104 miles north. Each establish morale and make the beginnings walk out on a discussion of the dam. In a Sunday he read mass in both Lone Pine of a new economic life. The Father could deadly serious joke, the Padre had the door and Bishop, with additional regular serv- feel that his flock would be provided roofs locked ard refused to let him go. Before ices in Keeler. His was the largest parish that would not leak. that meeting adjourned, the city engineer in the United States, and he never failed Claude H. VanNorman had been given not only pledged that the dam would be an appointed service. Weekly he wrote a complete charge of the valley affairs fcr bu'lt, but he set the date for operations newspaper column, "Tumbleweed," fol- the city and people found that they cou'd to begin. This is the dan, finished after lowed as eagerly by the general public as depend upon the promises he made. Tax the Padre's passing, which was named in by Catholics, for its wit and keen drama- suits with which the county had been an- his honor. tic observation of human nature and of noyed were dropped by the city. An amaz- The Padre was supremely proud of the Inyo. ing new spirit of cooperation developed. 1 beauties of Inyo and its neighboring coun- He was so sensitive to the remarkable Bu ", as in all good desert stories, the ty, Mono. If the land cou'd not be turned features of the land that he never failed basx fight was for water. When the mush- ?.!\!cn to farms and orchards, he wanted to to see incidents which might cause others rooming City of Los Angeles was outgrow- see it made into a playground for vacation- to notice the country that he loved so well. ing its water supply, engineers felt that ers. Working as chairman of the business In 1936 he planned and managed almost Los Angeles needed all the resources of the men's groups, he brought about the organ- single-handedly a ceremony to celebrate Owens river watershed to protect the ization of a publicity association to tell the the completion of a new road connecting city's million. Obviously, they also felt world of the country he loved so well. Mt. Whitney and Death Valley. A gourd that the end justified the means. Only he could have brought together in of water taken by an Indian runner from For a long time some people had con- harmony the various sectional groups Tulainyo, the nation's highest lake, was tended that building a dam across the which had been bickering fcr as long as carried successively by burro, man, stage

OCTOBER, 194 7 At his Fisherman's Mass, a special service held early in the morning on the opening Sunday fishing season, the Padre blessed the fishing tackle of Cathrine Byrne. Next in line is Aim Morhardt, Bishop teacher. coach, auto, train and airplane and poured his Irish ancestors bubbled in him, disci- he died, by usually unemotional C.C.C. at last into Bad Water, Death Valley, in a plined by the severe training of the priest- boys, as a spontaneous gesture of love. "Wedding of the Waters." hood. A protestant friend, trying to de- Sometimes I sat in the quiet church and As a prank, he gathered a photographer, scribe his feeling for the Padre, said, "You watched the Padre's heavy, rough, scuffed a pretty girl, and several fishermen for know, generally, when I see a preacher boots treading firmly under the black sur- fishing pictures on Owens lake, widely coming, I'd rather cross the street than plice as he recited the stations of the cross, known to be so mineralized it cannot sup- meet him. But Father Crowley was differ- Irs voice weary from many miles and many port fish life. The pictures included one ent. I liked to shake hands with him." deeds. Again, in a crowded banquet room, of the Padre ready surreptiously to apply I watched him sparkle, holding the group a paddle to the rear of a bending fisher- To have people worship God and at the in the hollow of his hand, guiding them as man. He took an altar boy and read mass same time be in communion with the in- he willed. spiring handiwork of Nature was his spe- in the shelter house on top of Mt. Whit- When I first came to Inyo and heard the cial ambition. He planned to erect the 14 ney. When fishing season opened on Sun- Rt. Rev. John J. Crowley called "The stations of the cress, built as rest houses day, he arose to have mass before daylight Padre," I begrudged him the name. The so that the faithful could save their souls of native stone, for a pilgrimage from padres belonged to a vanished race of and still be on the streams by sunrise. For Death Valley to Mt. Whitney, symboliz- giants, I felt. They were men of vision, good measure, he blessed the fishing tack'e ing the ascent from hell to heaven. He had empire builders, beings at the same time that it might bring luck to the fishermen. selected spots which gave the most mag- of the earthiest earth and the most sublime He accompanied a photographic expedi- nificent views of desert and mountain. heavenly devotion. The title was a sacred tion into the mountains and read his prayer Some of his friends hope that this proj- one to which no man of our generation had book as the horse joggled him over beau- ect may be carried out in his name. the right. tiful Sierra trails. In this sp:rit is a little monument of As I came to know him, this man be- The warmth and wit and fantasy of all desert rocks, built beside the road where came in my heart, too, "The Padre." THE DESERT MAGAZINE If your motor trip takes you into the Navajo country, you will have more pleasant dealings with these nomad tribesmen if you understand some of the essentials of what they regard as good manners. Their code is different from our own—but it is none the less sacred to them, and if your • approach is with sympathy, dignity and honesty you'll find they have a fine sense of humor and the capacity for genuine friendship. Out of his experience of many years among the Navajo, Richard Van Val- kenburgh offers some suggestions to those who would like to know these tribesmen better.

// the door of the hogan is open one is welcome to enter. But no one ever knocks when the door is closed jor "only the mischievous and evil winds do that." Don't Knock on a Hogan Door

By RICHARD VAN VALKENBURGH slight acquaintance gives no one the privi- Photographs by Milton Snow lege to be too inquisitive or nosey . . . Generally there are three safe channels through which to approach the Navajo. Some Indian service employes have con- time I receive a letter asking the Navajo reaction to your behavior. As a nections and will help. Then there are mis- suggestions for dealing with the guest in a land where most white men are sionaries who are influential. Added to Navajo, my memory shifts back regarded with suspicion, always remember these are the traders who operate over 100 through the years to one night when I was that your acceptance by the People will de- posts in the 16,000,000-acre reservation. warming myself by the great fireplace in pend upon your ability to accept with dig- I believe that the most satisfactory in- the long dining room of the old Wetherill nity, sympathy, and honesty the way of troduction to the Navajo is through the ranch at Kayenta, Arizona. Navajo life." kindly auspices of a trader. Among the Softly the authoritative voice of Louisa most cooperative are, Bill Wilson at Nava- Wetherill was weaving into my mind an And with this seasoned advice always in the back of my mind I have had reason- jo Mountain, Harry Goulding at Monu- indelible pattern of her lifetime of experiment Valley, Utah; Cozy McSparron at ence in dealing with the Navajo, which able success. The results of my experience which I am passing on to the readers of Chinle, Arizona; Roman Hubbell at started when she and Hastin John estab- Winslow, Arizona; John Kirk at Gallup, lished their trading post in the wild mesa Desert Magazine are my own impression and in some points may not agree with au- New Mexico, and Mrs. Stokes Carson country of Chief Haskenini at Moonwater, south of Farmington, New Mexico. Utah, in 1906. thorities on the subject. Nevertheless, 1 hope what follows will serve as realistic With a 7 5-year tradition of service to "At times, wasn't it lonesome and dan- the People such as dispensing medicine, gerous for you folks way up there all and applicable introduction to these Amer- ican Indians. giving first aid, mediating family quarrels, alone—with only primitive Navajo for interpreting and writing letters, burying neighbors and 100 miles of trail between As suggested by Mrs. Wetherill, my the dead, creating markets for Navajo you and your nearest white settlement?" I first year with the Navajo was one of won- products, and extending seasonal credit asked when she had finished. der and confusion. My most difficult prob- the Navajo naturally confers with his fav- Mrs. Wetherill smiled. She seemed to lem was to descend from the lofty pinnacle orite trader regarding strangers. be deliberating before she answered, of fancied Anglo-super-civilization to "Van, your first year with the Navajo will what I believed was John Navajo's low- Good fortune in the guise of an arche- be one of confusion and wonder. But as liness. I learned the hard way . . . ological job made it possible for me to start my acquaintance with an extremely time passes you will discover what I have My first rebuff was when I learned that learned in over some 40 years with the conservative Navajo "outfit." The Peshla- asking questions of a strange Navajo re- kai dwelt in the jumbled malpais, buff- People. Treated right the Navajo become sulted in a summary "Hola, Who knows?" humorous, dignified, and loyal friends. red sandstone and cinder belt of the Wu- which is the prefix of the courteous phrase patki Basin, 40 miles northeast of Flag- "Of course everything depends upon Holahotza. At the same time I learned that staff, Arizona. OCTOBER, 1947 1. GRANDFATHER a GRANDMOTHER PESHLAKAI. 2. DAUGHTERS (SINGLE) 3. DAUGHTER (MARRIED)

1. CAL (ELDER SON) a RED Urn a CHILDREN 2. MARRIED DAUGHTERS OF CAL a BED LEF TIS CHILDREN.

FAT (SON-IN-LAW) WIFE a CHILDREN. (LITTLE FATS) a HUSMKD.

WUPHTKI BR5IN 40 MILES NORTHEAST OF FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA

! ''r>WwuPATKI RUIN Mop showing plon of typical Navajo"Outfit;'the Peshlokoi, in the winter of 1933. Winter camps near cedar-pinyon belt for firewood Summer camps near the Little Colorado R. for water. Seasonal shift, three to seven miles, approximately.

ONE HALF MILE B -RUINS Marked by the Museum of Northern Arizona and protected by Notional Park Custodian.

?>p?-2$i&.J^::.. :•:; • *$?%<•! :P-'•":'::/-:'"f.'.,'4VvV To FLAGSTAFF;; " £

By an outfit, I mean a group of closely watering their sheep at the spring I saw an family, which was not a hearty pumping, related hogans or camps. The Peshlakai opening. Noticing that they were suffer- but a gentle hand-clasp, I came to the comprised the camp of Grandfather and ing from impetigo, I offered them a can daughter Hunuzbah whose school name Grandmother Peshlakai on the lower An- of soothing salve. With their eyes as round was Lulu Smith. Casting her eyes down so telope Wash; that of Cal, the elder son, as black marbles they watched as I demon- as not to look me in the eyes, for this is nearby; the family of the son-in-law Little strated that it should be rubbed on and not considered discourteous by the Navajo, Fat on Deadman's Wash, and the hogans eaten. she murmured in broken English: of Clyde, the younger son near Wupatki And right there I learned that most Na- "My mother says it was good to give the ruin. vajo children do not like to be handled by children healing medicine. Sleep came to Knowing that Grandfather was right- over-demonstrative Bilakana, no matter their eyes last night. And this morning we eously embittered over the confiscation of how fine the intentions. Shying away from came over here to tell you a thing. Should some mesa land on which he had squatted my cautious move to apply the salve they you come to our camp which lies under the in the 1870's, under local white men's finally did come close enough to grab the Twisted Rock on Antelope Wash, wel- laws, we moved cautiously in our efforts to shiny can and then scoot off up through come will meet you." make friends with any of the Peshlakai. the cinders and over the rim toward home. Thus through a small kindness, which For some days, even though the Peshla- That night I was somewhat apprehen- could have boomeranged, I found wel- kai flocks watered near our camp at Wu- sive as to what might be the reactions of come at Cal's camp. Through this contact patki spring, our presence was ignored as Cal and his wife, Red Lefty. Bright and all of the Peshlakai soon became my completely as if we had been sandstone early the next morning I got the answer friends. I might add that candy for the slabs along the canyon wall. Our break when their wagon pulled up and crunched children, trinkets for the ladies, cigarettes came through Slim Woman, Cal's 8-year- to a stop by the spring. I walked over and for Cal, and rides in my Model T to the old daughter and her small nephew Ba- was surprised by Cal's genial, "Yd'dtaa ci- trading post at Leupp helped. hazhun, the Cute One. kiss, Good, my friend." Every visit opened the Navajo door a One evening while the children were After shaking hands with the entire little wider. I soon learned that personal

10 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Dignity, loyalty and a fine sense of humor are the outstand- ing characteristics you will find in the Navajo when you This little Indian girl is content in the arms of her jather get to know them. And they appreciate dignity and Everett McCabe of Tolani Lakes, Arizona, but like other honesty in others. Navajo children she would not want to be fondled by Bilakana or White people. names must be obtained indirectly and Possibly it was a war name such as Biyal never from the owner. Generally the Peo- ch'mya, Bent on War, etc. into Navajo religious life without basic ple have three or four names, i.e., the trad- preparation. Ceremonialism is a most in- er's nickname; the government census As nearly as I can determine ceremonial tricate as well as touchy subject and should name, their "outfit" name, and their cere- names are secretly given by the mother in be, one might say, a post-graduate course monial name. childhood and are seldom disclosed for in Navajo. fear some person with evil intent might Of course this does not mean that one For instance, Cal Peshlakai (or Smith) gain power over the owner. Should some- was known to the government officials as should refuse to accept an invitation to a one unwittingly divulge the name they sing. But leave your camera home, put "Mark Anthony" and to his "outfit" as would be required to make a gift as assur- Peshlakai atsidi alangi begai, The Eldest away your note book and sketch pad, dress ance that no harm was meant. comfortably, and find out from your spon- Son of the Silversmith. In addition he had It is my observation that many visitors a ceremonial name which I never learned. sor just what might be a suitable present make the mistake of attempting to delve for the medicine man.

OCTOBER, 1947 11 The most accessible dance to whites visiting Navajoland is the Squaw dance. Men accepting an invitation to the dance should have plenty of change in their pockets for the Navajo belles have a way of selecting a Bilakana for a partner and then making him pay for the privilege.

Upon reaching the sing one should lo- Once a purification ritual for warriors has his possessions under the west wall, cate his sponsor before entering the cere- returning from a raid, the 'ntah (Squaw the men along the south, and the women monial hogan. Don't barge in. For there dance) is now predominantly a social af- and children along the north. are times where and when not to enter a fair. White gents attending the dance Once I followed the Bilakana custom of ceremony. Proper entry should be made should have plenty of small change in their knocking at the door of Grandfather's ho- between the prayers, which usually run pockets. For the unmarried Navajo belles gan. No one answered. Believing that the from four to 12 verses. have a habit of selecting a Bilakana as a old man was gone I went back to my Should you attend the nigh: ceremony dancing partner and making him pay well Model T. But just as I was starting to wind you will not see sand-pictures, for these are for the pleasure. it up Grandfather poked his head out and destroyed before the sun sets. Generally But prior to getting an invitation to a motioned for me to come back. the sponsor will arrange for a visitor to be sing one surely will have gained the confi- As soon as I was inside and settled he present throughout the night and until the dence of someone of influence in the outfit kindly told me, "If the door or blanket of afternoon of the following day. For sleepy which is sponsoring the ceremony. And in a friend's hogan is open—walk right in. heads this is bad, for in some sings no one gaining this trust one will have to demon- But if it is closed—never knock. Make is allowed to sleep. strate that they have learned some of the some noise outside so we will know it's a The summer visitor to the Navajo coun- simple rules of "hogan etiquette." man there. For we believe that only mis- try will not view any of the more spectacu- Generally the interior of the hogans are chievous and evil winds knock at doors. lar major ceremonials. The Dzilkedji similar. After stooping through the low And it would have been bad luck for me b'adji, or 9-day Mountain Chant, and the eastern door one sees a circular floor of had I looked outside and found no one." Kledji Hatal, or Night Chant, are not held hard packed earth with an open fireplace When eating with the Navajo, which until after four frosts whiten the tips of the forward of center and under the open usually will be with the head of the family, sacred mountains. smoke vent. One never walks over the fire there are things that should be observed. But during the summer there are a num- or around food, but along the sides—men Unless you wish to distress your host by ber of healing ceremonies lasting from one to the left and women to the right. the possibility of your having sharp pains to five days, such as the Life Way, Flint Arranged around the wall are trunks, in your tummy never stick food with a Way, Bead Way, Wind Way, and many boxes, and rclls of blanket and sheep pelt knife—slice it. others. The major and most accessible to bedding. Above them hang clothing which Be prepared to be invited to eat soon the whites is the Anadji. or Enemy Way, usually indicates the section of the hogan after you enter the hogan of friends. That's which is commonly known as the 'ntah, or which is the sleeping place of an individ- a rule of Navajo hospitality. Usually the Squaw dance. ual. For instance, the head of the family food will be barbecued mutton ribs or

12 THE DESERT MAGAZINE stew, unleavened bread, and coffee. But be is no problem if properly handled. Never a medicine man friend, stalked into my of- prepared for anything from roasted prairie steal a picture. Possibly the first time your fice and spoke with quiet scorn, "That boy dog to Vienna sausage. subject might not mind. On the other who you said was a good one is a witch. Once after eating I pulled out my cigar- hand, you might come up against an old Two days ago Hastin Bakaih saw him dig ettes for an after-dinner smoke. Pointing Navajo who would resent your obtaining some turquoise from a grave near Fluted the pack toward Grandfather I offered the "power over him" that the image Rock!" him one. But he surprised me by averting might give you. And the result could be an There was only one answer. I called in his eyes and saying, "Never point the tip unpleasant few moments and a broken the ghoul, and after making him replace of anything toward a friend. Don't you camera. the stones I insisted that he pack and leave. know it means he is going to be bitten by Occasional pictures of ceremonials, par- It was the only thing that would appease a snake!" ticularly sand-pictures, filter out to publi- the Navajo. And he was lucky that he left A word of caution should be inserted cation. Most of these are posed and not with his hide. For he had committed the here about drinking water. After a two taken during an actual ceremony. In one most serious of all Navajo crimes—the weeks' sojourn in the Ganado hospital as case, according to the Navajo, they were disturbance and robbing of a Navajo the result of drinking polluted water from stolen and the People were sure that the grave. a spring, I have since carried my own sup- photographer was punished by the Gods And thus by the succession of experi- ply. Should you drink with the People when he lost his car in a flash flood. ences that started in the camps of the Pesh- note that they never leave any water in the To facilitate picture making one should lakai by the barren terraces of the Little dipper or cup, but pour it out. make arrangements with the Navajo be- Colorado river, and through the Dinebi- Should you sleep in a hogan your place fore even showing the camera. An agreed keyab of Navajoland, to the hogans of the will probably be a pile of sheep pelts just sum should be paid, part in advance and Toledo in the pinyon-fringed rincons of to the right of the head of the family. And part on completion. And to clinch the deal, the Continental divide, I began to know there is no need to worry about the proprie- definite arrangements should be made for the People. ties. For the men simply shuck off down to the return of prints by way of the trader. Near 20 years with the Navajo is only their long calico pants, while the women The most serious trouble I ever encoun- the beginning. No white man's life is long merely loosen their clothing and remove tered in the Navajo country was heaped enough to give him the wisdom that lies their moccasins. upon me by the malicious meddling of a within the four sacred mountains. And student whom I was sponsoring in the Fort each succeeding year teaches the sincere To some overly squeamish white folks Defiance, Arizona, region. I had repeated- how little they really know and how much the intimacy of hogan life in which an en- ly warned him never to pot-hunt or disturb there is to learn. But for those who are tire family eats, sleeps, works and meets any burial cairn or hokai, the "fear hogan" willing to view with sympathy, dignity, the crises and necessities of life is revolt- in which death had occurred. and honesty the way of the People, the ing. But soon one become conscious of the My first inkling of his activity came like door of Navajo understanding will begin innate modesty of the People. The only a stroke of Male Lightning when Old Sam, to open. time I have ever observed a "long hair" or conservative Navajo expose his body was during a ceremony. And while it may surprise some white folks, the Navajo do not credit the Bila- kana with too much delicacy, owing to the increasing appearance in their country of Hard Rock Shorty white women rigged out in scant sunsuits and men in shorts. It behooves us who of Death Valley . . . strive for Navajo respect to avoid making spectacles of ourselves in either dress or behavior. "Sure they's lots o' rubber plant started arunnin' till they come up t' Another aversion is too strong perfume. round here," said Hard Rock Shorty, the edge o' a cliff. While the younger generation indulges in tilting his chair a little farther back "Now when them wild sheep is cheap scents of the dime store variety the to avoid the sunlight slant'ng in un- cornered, they jumps right off a cliff, old folks detest the smell of anything der the sagging porch roof of the In- landin' on them big curvin' horns sweet, as illustrated when Grandfather ferno store. "Some folks call it like on a rockin' chair. Well, when once chided, "A dead dog smells bad—but Y-ooley, but it's jest plain rabbit these here sheep hit on them horns, what real'y makes me want to vomit is the bush t' us. Chock full o' rubber— durned if they didn't bounce. smell of that oil smeared on ycur hair." ; : chaw it an' your spit'll bounce. But "Yuh can jest bet I laid off huntin' A m nor breech in Nava o etiquette by them auto tire factories ain't th' gold an' started studyin' them sheep. a Bildk^na is overlooked w'th condescend- first t' use it. No sir!" An' I found they wuz livin' on a iso- ing /?ood humor. ;As Grandfather once put lated range with nuthin' but rabbit He adjusted the creaking chair it, "What can you expect from a tribe bush t' eat. They'd et so much o' that which has only one God and then swears again, clamped off a chunk of cut rubbery stuff them big horns o' theirs by his name." But there are some things plug and ruminated with his eyes wuz all solid rubber." that are not overlooked and can result in closed. Hard Rock plunked his chair John Navajo drawing up his blanket and "Did you make rubber out of it?" down on the porch and poked the erasing you from his landscape. prodded the tourist. tourist's vest with his forefinger. Once I almost ruined my good relations "An' yuh know what? Them ani- with the Peshlakai by repeating a question "Not me," said Hard Rock. "I'm mals wuz smart 'nough tuh know four times regarding historical informa- strictly a gold man. But I'll tell yuh what they had, all right. Soon as they tion that Grandfather was kind enough to who did. Oncet I wuz follerin' a saw a man with a rifle, them sheep give me. I wished to expand certain points. streak o' color way up in th' Pana- all started walkin' backwards, usin' But he believed I was questioning his word mints an' I come acrost a band o' big- them rubber horns to e-rase their which is an insult to a Navajo of character. horn sheep. Soon's they saw me, they tracks!" Picture-taking in the Navajo country

OCTOBER, 1947 13 Snakes of this genus are very small in size and of a retiring nature. One may reside on the desert a life-time and never see this fellow.

By GLENN E. VARGAS

ATE spring and early summer in the desert is the time burrowing. Habits and foods have not been studied thoroughly, when wild life hunts food with its greatest vigor. Eve- but the little snake is known to eat soft-bodied grubs and small / ning twilight brings the period of activity for nocturnal scorpions, and lizards and their eggs are suspected to be an item animals. At this time in the sandy regions of the deserts of of its diet. southern California, southern Nevada, and western Arizona Captive specimens show a vicious nature. They will cour- the Banded Burrowing Snake, Sonora occiphalis, may be found. ageously stand their ground and strike at objects put to them. This snake, no more than a foot in length, may be encountered It is very interesting to watch a snake about eight inches in crawling with a peculiar worm-like thrashing across the open length and about as thick as an ordinary lead pencil repeatedly areas. If threatened with danger, it will tunnel under the sand strike at its captor's hand and retreat only when bodily moved and can burrow almost as fast as it crawls on the surface. back. The coloration of this snake is basically of alternate black The genus Sonora, commonly known as Western ground and yellowish-white bands across the back, encircling the body snakes, includes seven other species according to the classifica- in the region of the tail. In seme variations there is also a bright tion of William Stickel. These are: South Texas ground snake, orange band dividing the white band. The belly is yellowish or ranging in southern Texas and adjacent Mexico; Great Plains white. The snout is long, flat, and shovel-like, which explains ground snake, ranging in Kansas and Colorado south through the ease of burrowing. This burrowing is accomplished by rais- Texas and New Mexico; Arizona ground snake, ranging in ing a small quantity of sand with the snout and forcing the head Great Basin from southern Idaho to Arizona and Utah; Blanch- into the space opened. This action repeated allows the snake to ard's western ground snake, ranging in Brewster county, Texas, advance underground with astonishing rapidity. Specimens and adjacent Mexico; Gloyd's ground snake, confined to the have been taken from over a foot below the surface of sand Grand Canyon of the Colorado; Vermilion ground snake, rang- dunes. ing from southern Idaho to Arizona; Vermilion-lined ground As an additional protection, the underjaw closes inside the snake, southern Nevada, Southern California and into Lower upper so that sand cannot enter the mouth while the snake is California.

14 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Like a prospector looking for a legendary gold mine, Marshal South has returned again and again to a mountain canyon near the old Vallecitos stage station in California's Anza Desert state park in quest of a spring rumored to be located there. He doesn't find this spring on this latest trip—but there is always drama in secluded places for a poet, and Marshal's trail leads to other interesting discoveries. 'Peiett "Ttaili

By MARSHAL SOUTH

^V UDGINGby the height of the morning sun it must have I been about ten o'clock when I came around the corner of & the low rock, where the squaws had done their grinding, and entered the old camp ground. It hadn't changed much. Several years had elapsed since I had last seen it. But despite progress and automobiles—including now the insatiable ramblings of jeeps—the Spirit of the Desert holds pretty tenaciously to its own. It was that veteran prospector, Charlie McCloud, I believe, who drove the first car through the creosotes and into this old Indian campsite many years ago. Many people have followed the tracks that Mac made. All the The deep-worn mortar holes of ancient Indian dwellers storage ollas that once were cached among the rocks on the defy the hands of both Time and souvenir hunters. mountainside have gone. Also most of the smashed pottery fragments that at one time littered the ground among the huge boulders that dot the camp area. But the lash of hard summer And when I told him that I liked the desert heat and that, as thundershowers still uncovers shiny black fragments of obsidian far as I was concerned, it never really got too warm, he retorted that fell from the hands of ancient arrowmakers. And, once in a that that was because I had lived there too long and had gotten while, with great luck, you will find a perfect arrowhead. all dried up and cracked "like all the rest of those desert rats." The deep-worn mortar holes in the rocks, however, defy the For which I thanked him—and then made a few edged re- hands of both Time and souvenir hunters. And the slop-rig, marks about the enervating heat of his allegedly cool pine-clad polished rock, down which I have always liked to imagine the mountains. My friend and I understand each other very well. youngsters sliding, is still there. Maybe the ghosts slide down I finished my sandal repair, shouldered my light pack and it yet, on moonlight desert nights. I know that I would, if I canteen and started up the canyon. I would have enjoyed bask- were a ghost. It is tempting. But then, of course, some people ing longer amidst the sunlit hush and peace of the old boulder- don't believe in ghosts. pillared camp ground, but some slight twinge of conscience There was an empty pop bottle on the flat rock beside the goaded me on. After all I had supposedly come out to look for biggest mortar hole. And, before I sat down to fix the thong of a spring hadn't I? I ought, therefore, to make some effort to my rawhide sandal, I gingerly took it away and hid it deep un- find it—even though I didn't expect to. Rider and I had der some debris behind a boulder. Empty pop bottles are, I searched for this same spring very thoroughly years before. And suppose, perfectly all right in their way. And in the centuries had just about convinced ourselves that it was a myth. But my to come—when Time will have blotted our present age and all credulity—in the matter of springs—is colossal. And I had its works—some scientist will probably dig them up and ex- heard a new rumor. I really didn't believe it. But the excuse claim over them. But at present, somehow, in the desert—and it gave to go searching was too strong to be resisted. So here I especially in silent lonely places that have a more or less sacred was. feel to them—pop bottles jar me. I once took a friend who was The canyon was familiar ground. Years before—before we an archeologist to one of the undisturbed, forgotten old desert had settled on Ghost mountain—we had penetrated its depths campsites. He could pick up the old grinding stones, laid there and had been halted, suddenly breathless with something like by fingers long since turned to dust, and describe the women incredulous awe, at the spot where, through a gap between the who had last used them. tumbled walls of savage rock, all the mystery of the blue and I didn't try that with the pop bottle. I didn't want to. Some- purple badlands—leagues distant and far below—had burst how my imagination is too vivid. abruptly upon our vision. The same view, today, halted me I spent a few minutes sitting on the grinding rock and fixing again. And for a long while I stared at it with the same fascina- my sandal. The knot through the sole, under the big toe, had tion. Some places hold us with shadowy chains. We know not worn off and I had to slide the thong forward through the loops why, but they are home. They belong to us. and re-knot it. A Yaqui sandal, if it is properly made, is one of This view out over the distance phantomed reaches of the the simplest things in the world to mend—and also the most Vanished Sea—which is now Imperial Valley—has always held comfortable to wear. But you have to get used to them—both as me. Whether it be from the summit of Ghost mountain or from to feel and as to looks. Most feet—and people—are too civil- any other vantage point the effect is always the same. I can for- ized to countenance them. get the towns and the highways and the cultivated fields and It was warm, sitting there in the sun. But not too warm. A the irrigation canals that I know are there, hidden by the haze friend, when I had set forth on my expedition, told me that I of distance. I do not see them or sense them. I can see only the was slightly crazy to go on walking trips in the desert in July. sea—the sea that is there no longer. In the changing light its

OCTOBER, 1947 15 ghostly waves heave and the tide-rips make grey riffles around The old stage station was deserted, and in the dusk the sha- its rocky headlands. dows lay heavily across the lonely tule marshes which border I spent several hours exploring the lower reaches of the can- it. I spread my single light blanket on the ground beside one of yon. That is to say I employed my time in clambering up over the adobe pillars and, after a long drink at the pump—which and between titanic boulders the size of houses, that lay jumbled now makes the waters of the spring accessible—I stretched out in the mountain gash like heapings of marbles some giant to watch the bats flittering around the treetops and to look for schoolboy had flung into a ditch. the diamond points of the stars as they appeared one by one The ravines which rare floods and the wind-storms of ages through the growing velvet of the night. Far away beyond the have worn in the flanks of these desert mountains are fearsome tule marshes a coyote yammered and the sound quavered lone- places which, if not haunted by demons, hobgoblins and malig- somely across the whispering dark. nant spirits, as they sometimes seem to be, are at least under the Desert trailing, on foot, has many advantages—provided you spell of an awful desolation and thirst. The sides of the moun- know something of your territory. The desert is no place for tains, as you work down into the drier fringes of the lowlands, foolhardy stunts or for the taking of long chances as to water— become increasingly barren and more sun-blasted. Bare, heat- especially in summer. But, with reasonable caution, there is blackened rocks cling ominously to the slopes and ridges in po- much to recommend walking. Walking, in these days of auto- sitions which appear to defy the laws of gravity. At any moment, mobiles and frantic haste, is almost a lost art, it is true. And it seems, they might turn loose and fall thundering into the that is a pity. Because in no other way can you gain such an in- canyon depths. And many of them have so fallen—the inferno timate acquaintance with any region. Walking is cheap and of stone monsters which choke the gorge depths is testimony to healthful and to all those who are outdoor-minded I would most that. heartily recommend it. Carry a notebook—and a sketchbook Between these grim masses are chinks and dark crevices too, if possible. They will add to your fun. But—and this is a through which, by squirming, an active human can sometimes serious warning as regards the desert—be sure you know some- make his way. But it is a cautious business. For always there are thing about your territory before you start. Don't try to cross dark holes underfoot that yawn into blacker and more mysteri- long, unknown stretches of waterless country. There are plenty ous depths. The winds of thousands of years have howled of easy trips. through these rocks and scoured them in places to the slippery polish of ice. To lose footing and go plunging down into one of these subterranean death-traps would be all too easy. TIME! Of course there wasn't any spring. At least I didn't find it. Here, in the silence and the heat, ivhere Time steals past on Sometimes I think that old timers—especially when they have slippered jeet, passed a certain age—are a little unreliable. Not intentionally. They, who before possessed this land, have left their trace on But they get their geography mixed and superimpose Arizona, every hand— Utah, New Mexico and California locations one upon the other. A shattered jar, a lonely grave, old campsites where the grease- So that the resultant picture is a bit fuzzy. I hunted in vain for ivoods wave— the "three big boulders, leaning together" with a dead juniper Trails, dimmed by years and sandstorm's blast—these left as tree "just about a hundred yards to the east." Maybe it's there. record "They who passed." And maybe not. Anyway I abandoned the search and began to make my way back along the ridges toward the old Indian trail Who owns the land? Beneath the sun, in blots of indigo and dun, that runs to Vallecitos. The shadows of the clouds move by, beneath the arch of It's a rough trail and poorly marked. But I had traveled it turquoise sky. several times before. Just as I reached the first old Indian trail- Sunlight and shade in patterned change across the wasteland's marker however I was surprised to meet a mountain sheep. We endless range— almost ran into each other as I turned the corner of a clump of Time—on soft feet. And who shall find, the records ive shall rocks. For an instant he stopped, startled. Then with a bound leave behind? he swung aside and fled nimbly up the precipitous slope, skip- ping from boulder to boulder as only a mountain sheep can. He was a big ram and I felt pretty certain he was the same one that Aged Canyon Explorer Bids Cheerful Farewell . . . I had seen two years back on the other side of Pinyon peak. Julius F. Stone, 91, pioneer Grand Canyon and Colorado Meeting him here seemed to lend color to the possibility that river explorer, died at his home in Santa Monica, California, there might be a spring in the vicinity after all. But it is slim on July 25. Friends scattered over the nation received cards with evidence. Mountain sheep range a long way from water. In fact the verse: in the Pinacate mountains, in Mexico, south of the Arizona "With a ripple of merry.laughter, border, they are reputed to get along without water entirely— possibly subsisting on the moisture contained in the bisnaga A smile and a gay good-bye cacti. To all who made life worth living; Back to the dust go I." The day was edging toward twilight when I broke free from the cluttered desolation of rocky ridges and headed across the On the card was the picture of a burned out candle. Stone left ocotillo-staked desert toward the old Vallecitos stage station. the cards with orders that they be mailed on the day he died. I had sudden evening company, too. For, happening to glance Stone first saw the Colorado river in 1877. In 1909, with aloft, I was aware of a streaming flight of buzzards passing Nate Galloway he made a successful voyage down the river from above me, headed for the sunset tinted heights of the distant Green River, Wyoming, to Needles, California. He published southwestern sierras. There must have been hundreds of them. an account of his trip in 1932 under the title Canyon Country. They flew slowly, in an irregular, streaming formation, like a In 1938, in his eighties, he made another voyage on the river cloud of ominous warplanes. What the reason is for these buz- and was planning a third when ill health overtook him. During zard migrations I do not know. They are not a regular occur- his life he collected a large library of material about the river, rence. It is only at long intervals, in this particular desert sec- including original journals of men in the two Powell expedition, that all the wandering birds that are usually so solitary, tions. congregate. Only a few times during our long residence on Ghost mountain have we seen such mass flights. And they are He was a retired Columbus, Ohio, industrialist, and was an not always in the same direction. If they were more regular amateur astronomer and geologist in addition to his interest in they would be more explainable. the Colorado river.

16 THE DESERT MAGAZINE A WESTERNER'S PRAYER Jlitile Pa By JEAN ROGERS Albuquerque, New Mexico By C. FRANKLIN LYEN Give me this land, Cypress, California This stage of changing scene— On his mother's back he swings, Snowy peak and desert sand, Quite secure from harmful things; Turquoise sky and meadow green And the shawl wherein he cleaves Blend in perfect tone. Is of wool the squaw so weaves: It is warm and strong to hold Give me this sea Papoose there within his fold; Of grassland wide and deep And the little one so quaint That rolls yonder, in the lee Seldom moves or makes complaint. Of craggy mountain steep, As do the breakers on the shore. What a joy is simple health; Give me this air, Innate love his truest wealth. Clear and blue and free— His is not to cry or whine; Fresh from plain and summit bare, Heart that's kind, yet leonine! From silver stream and pinyon tree, Who can bear the pain of strife, Its tangy breath is pure and sweet. Pay for freedom even with life. We have need for such as he, Give me these, O God, I pray, Makers of true charity. And let me here forever stay! • • • When the race of life is done DESERT SANDS Who shall say that they have won? Only victory is true By HAROLD J. GREENBERG When the sky for all is blue! Santa Barbara, California Tiny babe, fair Nature's heir, The desert is an ageless mystery: Nurtured by her tender care, Deep, silent shadows steal across the sand, You shall be our emblem yet As if inspired by some huge, unseen hand Ere the sun on you shall set! In dazzling lines as far as eyes can see; Child of freedom, Shadows and light, fantastic in design, Live, live on! Space without end, with freedom in its wake, A promise of romance in every line, A dream of beauty for the world to take. SWEETWATER • • • This little papoose is Ipputts, son of Joe By HELEN L. VOGEL NIGHT WIND Pickyavit of the Pahvant Utes in Utah. Indio, California Photo courtesy Frank Beckwith. By WINIFRED OWENS Gently, sweetwater, from mountain fastness Fountain, Colorado pour; The night wind sweeps the desert floor Sparkling, sweetwater, bejewel the desert floor. With a swish of his great giant broom. GHOS» T RANCH Kiss it, sweetwater, and cradle it in green, He dusts each sage as he passes by By NELL MURBARGER Flashing and glowing, a lovely tourmaline; Across the great wide room. Costa Mesa, California Flow on to vineyards and quench each thirsty While high up in the star-filled sky root; The moon looks down and smiles. Th' sky is as blue and as boundless; He knows this world is free and clean Th' autumn has just as much gold, Make lush the green bud; enrich the purpl'ling fruit. For miles and miles and miles. And th' first breath of spring, if not sweeter, • • • I reckons as sweet as of old . . . Flow on, sweetwater, that blushing brides may But up in th' juniper country, wear DREAMER Where th' winds of th' mesa blow free, Blossoms of orange as crowns upon their hair. By BESSIE SAUNDERS SPENCER Lies a desolate heap of adobe Pueblo, Colorado Hold fast your passion of floodwaters in spring. That once was th' Seven-Bar-Tee. A mellow voice came calling me Spend your desire in the waterfall's wild fling, To leave my fragile cloud, Here's a rusty shoe from a mustang's hoof, Forcing your madness through gorge and can- And come where fruit was on the tree And a piece of a saddle girth; yon maze, And tune of life was loud. A forty-five shell and a Spanish bit Peaceful again through the lands where cattle Trod deep in th' sun-baked earth. graze. I changed my dreams for sweetened bread But no smoke drifts from th' cook shack And drank an earthly cup, Where th' old dinner gong still swings. Gently, sweetwater, bedeck the desertland; But linger, cloud, above my head And th' tumbled corral and th' sagging barn Green grows the verdure where you have And keep me looking up. Shelter only th' skulking things. touched the sand. • • • Clear pools and green trees and peace beneath The bunkhouse is strangely silent, the shade, DESERT PAINTING Its creaking door swung wide; White gold, sweetwater, for which all men By STELLA KNIGHT RUESS And folks tells me my pals, th' punchers, have prayed. Los Angeles, California Are ridin' th' Great Divide. • • • Where sands curve soft in silvery dunes, And mebbe they are ... But, stranger, The bright verbenas closely cling. Come out once, in th' moonlight, with me DESERT NIGHT Across the pale blue mountain peaks, And I'll show you white horses and riders By ELMA ROBERTS WILSON A cloud drifts like an angel-wing. On th' range of th' Seven-Bar-Tee! Phoenix, Arizona • • • The white stars lean so low, it seems that one DESERT DISCOVERY Might brush their luster with uplifted hand; By MILDRED LUCAS The scrubby creosote, day-drenched with sun, Trona, California Still pours its pungent perfume over sand AH, WISDOM I've walked on many city streets, That stretches in a muted, waveless sea By TANYA SOUTH Been dazzled by the colored lights, To scour the calloused heels of distant hills; But now I view with deepest awe With each breeze-lilt, the palo verde tree, Ah, Wisdom, Wisdom, what would I not The starry signs of desert nights. In trembling showers of gold, her blossoms give spills. For thy fair gifts, to teach me how to Through galleries of art I've strolled live And stood before their paintings rare, The night seems dedicated to an oath Unto the fullest! Every day I own But looking on the purple hills— Of boundless silence and pure reverie The steps I gained, the tests I newly won There's nothing can with that compare. No man would dare to violate—then both I earned through you. And all my soul's Are gloriously shattered. Suddenly delight I've entered great cathedral halls The mockingbird gives voice to rapturous song Is vested in thy Power and Truth and Where many souls become new-born, He must have learned at heaven's parapet, Light. But now I feel my soul expand And all seems righted that was ever wrong With every fragile desert morn. For, briefly, paradise on earth is set.

OCTOBER, 1947 17 LLvion ikelz AJdan.oot6

By MARY BEAL

f/ OME plants are confirmed thieves, filching a living j from well-conditioned neighbors. Settling down beside a chosen host, the plunderer pushes its roots down to fasten upon and draw nourishment from the roots of its victim. The guilt of the thief is disclosed by its lack of green color, which needs light and air for development. Subsisting upon purloined "prepared food," it has no use for leaves, which have been reduced to scales. First on the list belongs to the Broom-Rape family and is known botanically as Orobanche cooper/ (or Orobanche ludoviciana var. cooperi) The appearance of this curious growth bursting from the ground always seems incredible, and fascinating in its peculiar- ity. The stout, fleshy, scaly stems shoot up 5 to 9 inches, dull brownish-purple or greyish-purple in color, the herbage glandular and often so hoary with greyish hairs as to look frosted. There may be a single spike or often several smaller spikes closely encircling the main stem, all crowded with bracts and purple and yellow flowers. The calyx lobes and bracts are lanceolate and the 2-lipped corolla is tubular, about an inch long and noticeably curved, much paler outside and glandular- Burroweed is the favorite host of this plant sponger, hairy. The 2-lobed upper lip is purple, erect or recurved, the Orobanche cooperi. lower lip 3-lobed, light purplish with 2 yellow ridges extending into the throat or all light yellow, all lobes acute. From March to July you may find this Broom-Rape, usually growing in Pholisma arenarium groups, on mesas and washes, in valley and mountain areas in The thick fleshy brown stem, 2 to 6 inches above ground, the Mojave and Colorado deserts and Arizona, extending into ends in a dense oblong spike, single or compactly branched, southern Utah, Nevada, western Texas and Mexico. Its favorite densely crowded with leaf-scales, bracts and flowers. The host is Burroweed (Franseria dumosa) but it does not scorn greyish-brown scales, bracts and calyx lobes are glandular-hairy. other Composites, such as Hymenoclea salsola. In Arizona it The violet-purple corolla has a conspicuous white margin and has been found sponging a living upon species of cactus. is shallowly 5 to 7-lobed and ruffled, like a miniature Petunia. Orobanche multijlora var. arenosa is similar except that its Its hosts are Rabbitbrush and a few other Composites, and stem is rather slender and the purplish corolla lobes are round- Buckwheat. It may be found from December to June in the ed. It is found in Arizona and California desert mountains and California deserts and Lower California, usually on sandy mesas northern Mexico from April to July. Another species occasion- and washes. ally found on the desert is The Lennoa family also claims the remarkable "Sand Food," which is known botanically as Orobanche jasciadata Commonly called Cancer-Root as are the other Broom-Rapes Ammobroma sonorae at times, because of their use in the treatment of ulcers and This oddity is mostly subterranean, only the flat button-like cancerous growths. It is very different in appearance from the head (2 to 4 inches broad) showing above ground. The thick above species. The flowers are borne in loose clusters on slen- scaly succulent stems are like an elongated radish, pushing der naked peduncles, often several inches long. The short calyx down 2 to 5 feet to reach the roots of various perennial herbs has 5 pointed triangular lobes and the tubular corolla is over an inch long (up to IV2), spreading at the tip into 5 rounded and shrubs. In March and April the upper surface of the wooly lobes. The whole plant is of one color, yellowish or dull pur- disk is covered with a dozen or more tiny violet-purple, funnel- plish or reddish. Those I have found high in the Providence shaped blossoms. The long roots are much relished as food, raw mountains were very pale yellow. They tap for nourishment and cooked, by Mexicans and Indians, and have been a valued species of Sagebrush (Artemisia) and Buckwheat (Eriogo- item of their larder. Those Americans who have had the pleas- num). Their desert locations are from 4000 to 8000 feet in the ure of eating them found them an unusually palatable and satis- mountains of Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, to western fying food, much like yams, when roasted; sweeter and juicier Texas, from May to August. than a radish, when raw. These Sand Roots are very plentiful in The Lennoa family also is addicted to stealing its food. It has the extensive sand dunes of Sonora and Lower California and the same general characteristics as the Broom-Rape gang but are found less abundantly in the dune areas of southwestern shows structural differences that easily identify its members. Arizona and southeastern California.

18 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Rockhounds poured like a wave over the ground the Utah society had dynamited to expose the sherry-colored crystals. Day for Topaz Collectors

Golden topaz in a silver-grey jewel casket of rhyolite—that is what mark every road branch. So if you want to more than 100 rockhounds found when they trekked to Topaz cove in the try it alone, just follow the paper flags." Thomas mountains of western Utah as guests of the Mineralogical Society Lucile and I did want to try it alone. of Utah. To reach the sparkling gems, they followed a trail which once re- There are many places of historical and sounded to the rumble of Overland stage and the hoofbeats of Pony Ex- geological interest along the road to the press. The old stage stations have disappeared, and the road is lonelier Topaz field and we didn't want to be than it was 80 years ago. But at the end of the trail there is a rich reward forced to keep up with a rockhound cara- for gem collectors who go there today. van. There had been a cold rain in Salt Lake City the day before the convention By HAROLD O. WEIGHT opened, and some of the visitors from Wy- oming and Colorado had driven through OPAZ cove lies there," said Lillian and one mineral wonders were being blizzards. But Saturday morning dawned Lockerbie, secretary-treasurer of the wrapped and packaged for their return to clear. The air was crisp and the snow low r Rocky Mountain Federation of collections scattered over the western on the Wasatch and Oquirrh ranges. Mineralogical societies. She placed her states. For more than ten years I had dreamed finger on a map of the Thomas mountains In the morning, June 14, a two-day field of hunting the tawny gems that cluster in about 100 air miles southwest of Salt Lake trip to Topaz mountain, sponsored by the the cavities of that grey mountain-mass of City. The map was spread on a table in Mineralogical Society of Utah, would get rhyolite in west central Utah. I almost the Gold ballroom of the Newhouse hotel under way. made the trip in 1945 when I was in the in Salt Lake. The 1947 convention of the "I could give you road directions," Mrs. air force, awaiting shipment at Camp Rocky Mountain federation was closing, Lockerbie went on, "but you would prob- Kearns. While on pass in Salt Lake City, and around us rose the excited dickering of ably end up wandering all over the desert. I met Lillian and Charles Lockerbie. They collectors making last minute purchases That's why we're having guides with the took me on a Utah society field trip into and exchanges. Jade and dinosaur bone, caravans leaving Salt Lake tomorrow. But the cool, flower-lined trails of the Wasatch variscite, petrified wood and a thousand Charlie and I are starting early and we'll mountains where we collected ludwigite

OCTOBER, 1947 19 Charles W. Lockerbie, Utah society Junius ]. Hayes, of the University oj ]ean Rottman of Salt Lake City, one of member, prepares to dynamite the gem- Utah and president of the Miner- the youngest collectors, with the screen bearing rhyolite -while rockhound Alta alogical society, supervised the Flag she used to recover topaz crystals looks on. Day ceremonies. from the gravel. from an old mine dump. That trip was a from Camp Floyd in Salt Lake valley to road conditions, and the passing country- glorious break in the monotonous round Genoa, Nevada. This was the same Simp- side took on details. In the sagebrush were of squadron work-call, guard duty and son who in 1849 reported discovery of gorgeous magenta-pink blossoms of the kitchen police at Kearns. Chaco Canyon and Pueblo Bonito in New opuntia cactus, tall sego lilies, apricot mal- A weekend at Topaz mountain was Mexico. low, white prickly poppy, pink thistle and planned. But the army had other ideas, and In 1890 George Frederick Kunz, in his brightly-red Indian paintbrush. As the the day I expected to be hunting topaz book Gems and Precious Stones of North lonely road twisted up through the pass in crystals found me with my nose against America, declared the Utah specimens the Onaqui mountains, we reached the the window of a troop train, watching the probably the most beautiful and brilliant level of the junipers. desert mountains of Utah vanish in the au- crystals of topaz to be found in the United This almost forgotten road once had tumn haze. I reluctantly filed the trip away States. But as late as 1937, when Profes- been the main street of America. It had among my more urgent post-war projects. sor Junius J. Hayes, president of the Utah been the Pony Express route from 1860 Even with the fluttering crepe paper society and a group of friends made their until the transcontinental telegraph made markers to guide us, we had trouble with first trip to the field, they wandered it obsolete in 1861. The Overland Stage the route. Topaz cove always has been iso- through the sagebrush for two days, look- and freight lines maintained stations along lated. Probably the Paiutes and their an- ing for Topaz mountain. the road from 1858 to 1868. Emigrants cestors knew all about the sparkling rocks We filled the gas tank at Stockton, last who traveled this way knew it as the Simp- at Topaz and the mountain men may have source of supply directly on the road we son route but to the Mormons it was gone that way. But the first scientific ob- were following, and checked our water Egan's trail. Howard Egan, Mormon server to record the presence of the beauti- supply. Normally, no water is available at guide, frontiersman and express rider, pio- ful gem stones was Henry Engelmann, ge- Topaz cove. At 52.5 miles from Salt Lake, neered the road in 1855, when returning ologist with Captain James H. Simpson's beyond St. Johns station, the paving end- from California. 1858-9 expedition to map a wagon road ed. The speed of the car slowed to match Every Pony Express and stage station Topaz crystals from Thomas mountains, Utah (enlarged).

' Topaz cove, 130 road miles southwest of Salt Lake City, where 103 mineral collectors attending the 1947 convention of the Rocky Mountain Federation of Mmeralogical societies spent a weekend collecting crystals. site along this road is marked with an at- We reached Simpson springs at 90.2 fresh water lakes which filled the Great tractive native stone monument and a miles. Southwest of the monument rows Basin during the ice ages. At its highest metal plaque. They were sponsored by of rock and erosion-filled excavations out- point, the vast body of water was 1000 Utah Pioneer Trails association and Ore- line what once was one of the most impor- feet above the present level of its last big gon Trails Memorial association, and tant stage stations in Utah. Simpson's remnant, Great Salt Lake. It extended into were erected by the Civilian Conservation springs was the jump-off for the dreaded Idaho, Nevada, and to within 50 miles of Corps. stretch of road that rounded the lower the Arizona border. Professor F. J. Pack, The stations are gone. Seldom are there edge of the Great Salt desert. From here author of Lake Bonneville, a Popular even mounds of rock to recall the wayside water was carried for westbound animals Treatise, wrote that if the lake ever should depots where jaded horses were replaced, and horses. resume its old level it would submerge passengers fed and Indian attacks beaten On the slope to the east of the road are more than 100 cities and villages and make off. Once outposts of onrushing civiliza- the green-painted buildings of a grazing homeless more than 90 per cent of Utah's tion, civilization now has passed them by. service camp. From the springs the old population. Even the sites of station wells, dug with stage route headed southwesterly about During the thousands of years that the much effort through stubborn desert earth eight miles to Riverbed station. Only dur- great lake was at its height, the Dugway, are forgotten. And the road itself, save for ing cloudbursts does the river bed carry Thomas and Drum mountains formed a such infrequent caravans as this migration water today. But in late glacial times, the 50-mile island and the road which we trav- of the tribe Rockhound, is lonelier than it waters of Sevier lake flowed northward eled across the flats would have been un- was 80 years ago. through it into evaporating Lake Bonne- der 700 feet of water. On the flats we re- But whirling dust devils in the rutted ville. The river bed, where the road enters alized again what Mrs. Lockerbie meant tracks on the grey flats bring memories of it, is about 2000 feet wide and 130 feet when she said that road directions were rocking Concords and mudwagons. The deep. When the stages ran, there was a hard to give. There are roads all over the sound of wind on a moonless night be- 100-foot well at Riverbed from which place. comes the rumble of wheels and the creak brackish water was hauled to Dugway of leather throughbraces. So little has this We left the old stage route at 108.1 station, ten miles southwest. Station and miles, swinging south on a comparatively raw land changed one feels that at any well have vanished, but the monument, moment a page of the book of time might new truck trail which proved to be the about a quarter of a mile off the road, in- poorest section of the road. During wet turn backward and the frontier breathe dicates where they were located. again. weather this clay track probably would be Bonneville was the last of four huge impassable. Ahead to the right we could OCTOBER, 1947 21 SALT LAKE CITY west. Founded in 1940, it now has a mem- Vio ST. JOHN bership of 120 and publishes a big an- (86.8 MILES) nual bulletin with illustrated features on minerals, geology and rock localities of

ROAD LOG—SALT LAKE CITY TO TOPAZ COVE Mileage From Salt Lake 00.0 —Leave Temple Square, SITE OF RIVERBED STA Salt Lake City and follow (PONY EXPRESS ft •. OVERLAND STAGE) U. S. 40 past Saltair, Sun- set and Black Rock beaches, Garfield smelters. 25.5 —U. S. 40-50 swings right. .4}^.HILL SHOWING LAKE '3V/?::TERRACES FROM LAKE Keep straight ahead (left) 8ONNEVILLE PERIOD to Tooele valley. 34.8 —Road branch right to Wendover. Keep straight ahead. 35.0 —Tooele, keep straight ahead through town. 38.1 —Tooele Ordnance depot right. Keep straight ahead. 39.2 —Combined Metals Reduc- tion plant. Keep straight ahead. 41.9 —Stockton. Check water, oil and gas.. 47.3 —Branch. Keep right. 49.0 —Railroad crossing at St. John station. Follow state highway 36 south. 51.3 —Junction. Continue straight ahead. Right road is to Dugway proving grounds. 52.5 —Straight ahead. Road left goes to Desert Chemical Warfare station. Pave- ment ends here. 63.3 —Straight ahead. Left branch goes to farm. 64.0 —TURN RIGHT on dirt road into Onaqui mountains. 73.6 —Lookout station historical marker right of road. 79.0 —Junction. Keep right. 82.2 —Road branch left. Keep straight ahead. Map Mileage 86.8 00.0—Junction. Take left fork. Dugway proving grounds right. 90.2 3.4—Simpson's springs station monument, right of road. 90.9 4.1—Road Y. Take right branch. 98.7 11.9—Riverbed stage station site, see the triangular point known as Pilot As we walked up the road, he told us about y4 mile right of road. Peak, guide to the topaz field. Presently preparations made to assure success of the 108.1 21.3—Leave main road for left we passed its south base and followed the field trip. branch paralleling Dug- way mountains. curving trail into Topaz cove. The Mineralogical Society of Utah 116.8 30.0—Faint branch. Keep As we climbed steadily toward the end should be proud of its Topaz cove camp- straight ahead. of the road, every likely spot along the ground. There were tables and benches 123.0 36.2—Y joining main Eureka road. Turn right on main wash in the shade of the juniper trees was under the big junipers along the main road. taken up by car or trailer. When the car wash. Fireplaces had been constructed and 124.1 37.3—Road branch left. Keep grunted around the last grade and I pulled restrooms set up. Members and friends straight ahead. out of the road the sun was low, but its had hauled wood and water. And many 124.8 38.0—Road branch left to Delta. clear sharp light fell directly into the great hours had been spent improving the road. Keep straight ahead. 126.8 40.0—Leave main road for right U-shaped bowl, etching the black-green Signs marked Rockhound Broadway and branch, heading toward junipers against the light grey of the tow- Rockhound Main street and city limits. Pilot peak. ering slopes which walled us in. And the throngs of convention delegates 128.1 41.2—Faint branch -ight. Keep left. Follow main traveled Professor Hayes, who was supervising bustling about gave the cove a metropoli- road to— the camp, welcomed us to Topaz city. tan appearance. 130.0 43.2—Rockhound campsite at "The main wash is crowded," he said, The Mineralogical Society of Utah is end of road in Topaz cove. "but there is plenty of room on the flat." one of the most active societies in the

22 THE DESERT MAGAZINE the region. Pre ent officers, besides Presi- dent Hayes are Marie P. Crane, first vice- president; William T. Rogers, second vice-president; Marcia F. Bagby, secretary; Kenneth R. Tanner, treasurer; and Sears P. Roach, historian. The collector who visits Topaz cove will not go away empty handed. When the sun falls across the gashes and slopes of the cove, its light is reflected in thousands of bright flashes. Before we had gone 50 feet, Lucile had rescued several water-clear crystals from the dust of the road. The crystal-hunter soon learns that some of the brightest glitters come from bits of topaz too small to locate. But complete crystals are there, and thev can be found easily as soon as the rockhound's eyes become adjusted to the type of specimen he is hunting. Not all the visitors were busy making camp. We met Walter H. Koch, of Salt Lake City, returning from the head of the main wash through camp. He was proudly bearing a large fragment of rhyolite. The cavities in it Were filled with glowing Chester R. Howard, new president oj the Rocky Mountain Federation (right), sherry-colored crystals of topaz. It was a shows his prize topaz crystal to Richard M. Pearl, vice-president oj the new museum piece. American Federation of Mineralogical societies. "I just found it up the canyon a little way," he said. From up that canyon came their accompanying minerals: Red beryl, the flag as it snapped and fluttered in the the sound of shouting. Apparently the to- garnet, pseudobrookite, hematite, fluorite, night breeze. The rockhounds rose from paz hunt was in full cry. It is hard work to calcite and bixbyite. Comparatively large around the dying fire and sang "America obtain the sherry-colored crystals, but they clusters of opaque grey topaz crystals, the Beautiful" while a guitar picked out are worth the effort. They must be dug, called sand crystals, are common in the the tune. As the last embers faded into chiseled or blasted from the cavities of the area. They have inclusions of small grains darkness the campfire circle broke up and grey rhyolite where they are imprisoned. of quartz, and shine in the sun more bril- Topaz city settled down to as complete rest Once found, they must be protected from liantly than pure topaz. In the cove at To- as rockhound-hunting mosquitoes, who direct sunlight or intense heat or their paz the best localities are high in the main also were holding a convention, would glorious color soon fades. wash—and at a noticeable white knoll permit. Topaz is an ancient gem, named for a west of the campsite and at spots on the The smell of bacon mingled with that of Red Sea island whose inhabitants were slope of Topaz mountain about one-half sage is one of the pleasantest alarm clocks forced by Egyptian rulers to collect the mile east and one-half mile west of the man has devised. It hustled the rock- gem crystals found there and deliver them white knoll. hounds out of their bedrolls early in an- to the royal gem cutters. The name topaz, All over the cove the smoke of cooking ticipation of the big event of the day. Utah however, has been applied to many yellow fires rose, and in the long twilight the gem society members were going to blast into a stones, so it is possible that the Red Sea hunters came home from the hills. Dark- rhyolite outcrop to assure to everyone some stones were not our present gem, which is ness was greeted by a bursting rocket. Red of the sherry-colored crystals. a silicate of aluminum and fluorine. Pure flames hung against the darkening blue. As we hiked up the big wash to the topaz is colorless, but impurities make it From the main wash came the cry: blasting-site, we saw collectors searching yellow, brownish grey, sherry, and pale "Campfire! Campfire!" for crystals. Some worked with shovel and tones of blue, green, lilac, violet and red. When we dropped into the wash, the screen, sifting gravel in the wash. Others Yellow is the color most sought in gems. enormous fire was casting fantastic lights used small screens and chisels and screw- Topaz will scratch all the common min- and shadows through the rocks and juni- drivers, picks and hammers, and scratched erals except corundum, being number 8 in pers and upon the faces of the people gath- into sandy corners with their bare hands. A Moh's scale of hardness. It crystallizes in ered in a semi-circle there. Another rocket treasured find had been made by Dorothy the orthorhombic system—three axes at rushed into the night, bursting in a flame Craig, secretary of California Federation right angles to each other and of different of white. The flare drifted to the southwest of Mineralogical societies, who had flown lengths—and the crystals are prismatic in as it swung slowly beneath its parachute, from Los Angeles. She carefully un- form. The stone has a perfect basal cleav- and the circle of light outlined trees, buttes wrapped topaz crystals coated with small age and its fracture is conchoidal to un- and mountains as it passed. flat crystals of hematite. even. Around the campfire were 103 rock- Finally we came upon the blasting crew, Topaz occurs most often in acid, igneous hounds—collectors from Utah, California, in charge of William T. Rogers, Utah Cop- rocks—in veins or cavities in granite or Colorado, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, per company geologist and field trip chair- rhyolite. Alfred M. Buranek, Utah geolo- New York, Indiana, Wyoming and New man. He, with Charlie Lockerbie, Earl M. gist, says Topaz mountain contains 1500 Jersey. They talked rocks and sang songs Van Deventer of the Owyhee society of feet of rhyolite in five flows. The crystals and drew more closely together beside the Caldwell, Idaho, and other volunteers, occur throughout the mountain and in roaring fire in the quiet desert night. were working with single-jack and hand other places in the Thomas range in the It was Flag Day, and during the after- drill, slowly driving holes for charges. Al- lighter colored rhyolite where flow struc- noon a homemade staff had been erected though the rhyolite was comparatively soft ture is not prominent. The rock is marked on a little hill commanding the campsite. thev worked hard for nearly three hours by cavities in which form the topazes and Now spotlights flashed on, illuminating before they were deep enough. At last caps

OCTOBER 1947 23 and fuses were attached to the dynamite The big adventure in Barry At- the courage to do it—and he has and the holes charged. Rogers warned col- water's life was when he quit a made a go of it. Here is the story lectors to clear the area. Soon from behind steady payroll job as interior of a man who has achieved what every rock within sight of the spot curious decorator to live on the rather un- many of us would like to do— heads darted out, peering cautiously, then certain income of a comparative- who converted a hobby into a withdrawing for all the world like be- ly unknown artist. But Barry had livelihood. leaguered desert tortoises. Amid shouts of advice and warning, three men lighted the fuses, at 30 second intervals. Rogers, lighting the last one, had about two minutes to 12>ai find cover before the first would explode. After an interminable time, there was a By JOHN HILTON urday night. He became an interior decora- quivering roar, a burst of grey dust, and tor—and a good one. Good pictures have rhyolite spilled down the wash. A second fy ARRY Atwater is one of my neigh- an important role in the interior fittings of shot shook the hillside, but the other failed every home—and Barry stressed this fact to fire. Finally Rogers went swiftly to the l\ bors. His home and workshop is a cozy little cabin at Raymond Mor- in advising clients. He made the acquaint- unexploded charge and pulled the fuse. ance of many artists and studied their His action was like a "come and get it!" gan's Rancho Dos Palmas on the north side of California's Salton sea just a few craftsmanship with more than casual in- to a hungry crew. Rockhounds poured out terest. of hiding and surged down upon the blast- miles from the studio where I do much of my work. Eventually his work took him to Los ed ground. Yelps of excitement announced Angeles where he became acquainted with that many colored crystals had been uncov- Barry is a soft spoken chap with the smile of a man who is finding a great deal the beautiful landscape paintings which ered, and sight of the outcrop vanished came in from the desert. He asked for as- under a wave of collectors of all sizes and of contentment in life. During a chat in my studio one day he told me of the long road signments which would take him to Palm ages. A later blast uncovered more booty Springs and other desert localities, and as and as the field trip drew to a close, the he had followed to gain recognition in the world of art. he returned time after time to the arid camp filled with eager hobbyists compar- country the urge to improve his own art ing prizes. He studied art during his youth in Den- ver, but the necessity of doing work for grew stronger. He again took up painting In the afternoon, cars started to move as a hobby. out of Topaz cove, scattering to near states which there was some immediate remun- and far. They had come for topaz crystals, eration caused him to turn to a field in And, as is often the case, Barry's hobby and all of them carried away specimens. which artistry yields a pay check every Sat- soon got out of hand. Working with his They also carried with them an idea which may solve a problem growing more pressing as the years pass. At the campfire Pro- H£CCDT A1II7 Even tne Great American Desert has its rivers and fessor Hayes had announced that the Min- UlZOCn I yUlh lakes and seas—more of them perhaps than you had eralogical Society of Utah had filed upon realized. In order to refresh your memory as to the two claims in the Topaz mountain geography of the Southwest and especially its rivers and waterholes, this month's area, that the society intended to do the Quiz contains a list of 20 water places and their location relative to towns and necessary work upon them and patent other place names. They're all jumbled up—and it is your simple task to pair them them. up properly. For instance, everyone knows that Needles, California, is not near The claims will be open to anyone who the shores of Utah lake. But in the column on the right you'll find the name of wishes to collect upon them. The only the body of water where Needles folks do their boating. Ten to 12 answers is fair; purpose of the society is to guarantee that 13 to 16 is good; 16 to 18 excellent; over 18 is super something-or-other. An- Topaz mountain always will remain open swers are on page 33. to rockhounds—that no selfish individual or group will be able to block off the field 1—Needles, California Utah lake which the Utah group has done so much to develop. 2—Albuquerque, New Mexico Humboldt river Most dealers have seen their businesses 3—Bluff, Utah Salton sea grow as earth science and gem cutting so- 4—Wickenburg, Arizona Green river cieties expanded. Most of them realize that 5—Barstow, California San Juan river clubs will remain active and healthy only 6—St. George, Utah Little Colorado river so long as their members can take field 7—Jensen, Utah Mono lake trips, find material of their own and interest others in their hobby. It would be 8—Clarkdale, Arizona Pecos river interesting to compare sales of lapidary 9—Holbrook, Arizona Lake Mead equipment and cutting material in an area, 10—Carlsbad, New Mexico Salt river such as California, where hobbyists make 11—Benson, Arizona Amargosa river field trips, with those of areas where no 12—Gila Bend, Arizona Mojave river collecting material is available. 13—Roosevelt dam, Arizona Colorado river If the day should come when all fields are closed to the rockhounds—that day 14—Elko, Nevada Rio Grande river would mark the beginning of the end for 15—Boulder City, Nevada Walker lake lapidary dealers. Most people understand 16—Provo, Utah Hassayampa river that. But for the few dealers and amateurs 17—Mecca, California Gila river who seek to corner any new find—a find 18—Hawthorne, Nevada Verde river frequently made by rockhounds—and to close off and strip collecting fields, per- 19—Leevining, California San Pedro river haps Professor Hayes and the Mineralogi- 20—Death Valley Jet., Calif. Virgin river cal Society of Utah have found an answer.

24 THE DESERT MAGAZINE paints and brushes became more important than matching drapes and upholstery for the customers. However, he remained in his position until the time came when there was a market for his own paintings. It took ten years. Finally, three years ago he resigned and left for the desert—deter- mined to live on the returns from his art, even if it meant a very meager living. "And that's my story," he concluded. But there is more to the story than that. From my own experience I know it is not a simple task to teach one's self to paint. I know there were days of discouragement and even despair—times when he won- dered if he could ever learn to bring the "feel" of Nature's beauty to the white life- less canvas so others could share his enjoyment of it. But Barry had the help and encouragement of a sympathetic wife, and if the struggle has been hard there is no evidence of it in the warm smile and the twinkle in his eyes. The Atwaters are partial to the wild desert region of Arizona and New Mexico. Telephone poles seldom get in the way in the broad expanses of the Indian country. They spend much time among the great sculptured monoliths of Monument valley —up where the rocks and ridges and pinnacles "have some shape to them." As an interior decorator Harry had seen his share of polite still lifes, of cow pas- tures and backyard tenements in water- color. "Why paint a bowl of fruit or flowers," he reasoned, "when you can bring the real thing into the room and enjoy its natural beauty and fragrance." Tenement life pictures are all right if one wants to preach a sermon on social injustice. Pastoral scenes have been popular with artists for count- less generations. But Barry Atwater's tastes do not run in that direction. He wants none of the soft rolling hills when there is a desert spread with rugged crags and buttes that pierce the sky line like the remnants of another world, and pinnacles that catch the rose of dawn or the reflected glory of the sunset on their rough hewn _i _ facets, and cast long finger-like shadows across the sage-dotted flats. Those are the This picture of the artist was taken at Dos Palmas oasis on the north side of Salton subjects Atwater likes to paint—those and sea—near the little cabin studio where he does most of his work. the fantastic patterns of cloud shadows, and the curtains of summer rains dragging over the distant rimrock in a manner that both of them for they managed the post but Barry Atwater's work has stood the would make a tenderfoot say, "It can't be for Fred Wilson for a little while and be- test and there is increasing market for his came acquainted with some of the most in- so." canvases. I don't think he is especially interesting people of the desert country, the terested in the acclaim of eastern critics. If he were to hear such a remark I can Navajo Indians. Later they had a studio at He will paint nothing that will stir a vio- imagine him smiling that slow grin to Albuquerque. lent controversy in the press. He seeks himself and going right on painting the Last September, at the invitation of Ray- merely to bring the desert, the wild rugged things he likes. He knows deep in his heart mond Morgan, they furnished a little cab- desert which he loves, as truly as possible that enough people are gaining an intimate in at Rancho Dos Palmas near the historic to the painted canvas for the enjoyment of knowledge of the desert to appreciate what Dos Palmas springs and have had the op- those who share his enthusiasm for this he is doing—and that is all that matters. portunity to roam the desert at will. With land. First time I met Barry he was staying the coming of summer temperatures they His work is clean and well composed. with Harry and "Mike" Goulding at their probably will return to the high plateau He has contentment in his art. It is a big trading post in Monument valley. Later of the Navajo country. desert and he will never exhaust the sub- the Atwaters moved to a trading post east Desert people are the most severe critics ject, or find it tiresome or boring. And of Gallup. This was high adventure for of the artists who work on desert subjects, what more can any artist ask?

OCTOBER, 1947 25 Tombstone, Arizona . . . The first ore went through the new 100- ton flotation mill of Operations, Inc., at Tombstone, in August. Two shifts are employed at the mill, which represents a to- Washington, D. C. . . . Shoshone road, an area which has been tal investment of $300,000. Mine produc- The bureau of mines will make 35 ex- prospected for many years. Smith and his tion has been stepped up to meet the de- plorations for strategic metals and miner- associate, a Mr. Long of Los Angeles, have mand for ore. The company is operating als on the nation's scarcity list. Most urgent a crew of 18 men at work building 10 the San Juan mine in the Dragoon moun- need was lead, while others were tin, ru- miles of road from the highway to the tains, which is owned by Jonathan Gor- tile, copper, iron, mercury, beryllium- strike. Unverified reports claim the ore don. The mine is a lead-zinc producer. tantalum and tungsten. Copper projects runs as high as $10,000 a ton. • • o for this year include one in Churchill o • o Austin, Nevada . . . county, Nevada, and one in Cochise coun- Manhattan, Nevada . . . Production of antimony was expected to ty, Arizona. Lead-zinc explorations are Art Langan, old-time Nevada mine op- start in August at the Romano property of planned near Pioche, Nevada, Summit, the Big Creek Milling company, 10 miles Pitkin and Lake counties, Colorado, and erator, has purchased the Smoky claim IV2 miles from Manhattan, for the Lucky south of Austin. A concentrating plant de- Beaver and Tooele counties, Utah. signed to treat 50 tons of ore in two eight • • • Strike Mining company. A road has been built to the property, which adjoins the hour shifts is nearing completion on the Reno, Nevada . . . Hoosier claim of the Manhattan Gold mountain side 1200 feet below the mine, A 200-ton selective-flotation mill is to company and is northeast of the White and 5000 tons of stibnite are ready for be built on the property of the Union Lead Caps mine. Langan stated that 10 prospect milling. The mill will be gravity fed, and company, 13 miles south of Reno near the holes have been sunk on the Smoky vein concentrates will be trucked to smelters. Carson highway. George W. Danehy, and that the ore showing is encouraging. Mill equipment includes a jaw-crusher, mining engineer, has been retained to de- A collar is being placed on one shaft, and a grinding rolls and four concentrating sign, supervise construction and operate compressor and other equipment will be tables. the mill. The Union mine, long known as installed. • • • the Commonwealth, has been worked at • • • Washington, D. C. . . . intervals since the early sixties. Orebodies, President Truman vetoed the metals containing lead, zinc, silver and some Barstow, California . . . subsidy bill, providing premium payments gold, are said to be large, ranging in width D. A. Kendall has started work on 24 to subsidize high-cost production of cop- up to 40 feet, and opened by tunnels, non-metallic mining claims 45 miles from per, lead, zinc and manganese, declaring shafts and winzes to 800 feet vertical Barstow, which he leased recently, and is that the plan was a war measure and not a depth. negotiating for the lease of 11 silver-lead permanent part of U. S. economy. Contin- claims. Kendall recently purchased the uance of the plan would contribute little Red Ball mill at Barstow, formerly owned to production of metals in shortest supply Green River, Wyoming . . . by Robert Munro of Los Angeles. He has The Westvaco Chlorine Products com- and prices of all the metals have risen been putting the mill in order and has se- sharply, he said. With the veto, stoping pany is continuing development of a vast cured contracts for large tonnages of bar- bed of trona, 20 miles west of Green River. and milling operations on copper were ite, strontianite and celestite which he will shut down at the Copper Canyon Mining A shaft has reached the trona deposit at process there. He plans also to grind red- 1500 feet, and the company is constructing company plant near Battle Mountain, Ne- brown rhyolite for roofing granules. vada. Charles F. Willis, secretary of Ari- its experimental pilot plant at the shaft • • • mouth. Actual production is expected to zona small mine operators association, pre- start during September. The bed, explored Tonopah, Nevada . . . dicted that 80 Arizona mines would close. through drilling by the Union Pacific Rail- W. H. Flower has mined 20 tons of • • • road company before the war, is said to be good-grade gold ore from a 22-foot shaft Tonopah, Nevada . . . the only known deposit of sufficient purity he put down unaided on his claim 60 miles Phil and Louis Meyer, Tonopah pros- and thickness to be mined by the same north of Tonopah, in the Meadow canyon pectors, have located placer ground 100 methods used for coal. area. Assays made by Pat Welsch in Tono- miles north and west of Tonopah which • • • pah indicate an average $40 a ton value may develop into a major dredging opera- Virginia City, Nevada . . . across three feet of vein. Flower believes tion. A number of shallow holes have been Extensive operations to recover the gold he can obtain considerable tonnage in ore, put down on the two areas which lie six and silver from the dumps of Virginia City and was in Manhattan recently, to see if miles apart on the west flank of the Toi- were planned by the Eagle Picher com- the new Choan-Oliver milling plant could yabe range near the head of New York pany, to start late in August. The company handle his output. canyon. It is estimated that the gravel is said to have developed a process which • o • where exposed by the test holes will aver- will enable it to recover dump values from Manhattan, Nevada .. age $1 a yard. The gold is sharp and rag- a dollar a ton up, and to have made ar- F. E. Choan and John Oliver have the ged, indicating that it has not moved far rangements to process waste ore from all first unit of their Manhattan mill ready to from its source, and is unusually coarse for Virginia City dumps. T. A. Copeland is run and will start milling ore in a few days. Nevada placers. general manager and geologist of the firm, The mill is located two miles above town • • • which conducts big lead operations near on the old Tonopah road near the Key- National Tunnel and Mines company of Joplin, Missouri. stone property. Forty thousand tons of ore Bingham, Utah, has notified 200 em- • • • said to average $7 a ton go'd and silver ployes that, due to cessation of federal pre- Baker, California . . . have been blocked out at the Keystone. mium payments on ore and impending A silver strike reported to be one of the The ore will be broken and scraped up higher labor costs, operations will cease as richest in the history of the Mojave desert with a bulldozer, then put through the soon as mine equipment, pipe and rails can has been made by Vern Smith in a low mill. The mill flow sheet consists of flota- be salvaged from underground workings. range of barren hills 30 miles north and tion, cyanidation and jigs, and the first The company in 1941 completed the $1,- west of Baker. The find is near the cross- unit has a 20-ton daily capacity. Custom 250,000 Elton tunnel from Bingham to road settlement of Renoville on the Baker- ores will be handled later. Tooele.

26 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Those Lost Geode Beds . . . Following is a letter written to L. B. Dixon of Del Mar, California, LETTERS... in response to his description of a "lost geode" field in southwestern Public Enemy No. 1 his own affairs . . . and let him grow up Colorado on the Letters page of the Clovis, New Mexico and take his rightful place in the land of July Desert. his birth.' " To perpetuate the system of Dear Mr. Henderson: wardship of competent American Indians Hesperus, Colorado Desert Magazine has become somewhat is to deprive them of the fundamental Dear Mr. Dixon: of a bureau of information to me; particu- rights promised to all citizens by the con- I just read your letter about the lost ge- larly the letters discussing various things stitution of our country. Any act or law about the desert southwest. ode beds in the July issue of Desert Maga- which stresses segregation hinders devel- zine. It was very interesting to me as I live When I came tjo this country a good opment of initiative and responsibility. at the mouth of La Plata canyon and it so many years ago, I had already heard of the My only contention is that the Indian happened four companions and myself had deadly bite and sting of the tarantula, cen- needs to be set free to work out his own just returned from a geode hunt along the tipede, water dog, vinegaroon, gila mon- destiny—to profit by his own mistakes, to banks of the La Plata river. ster, etc.—most of which turned out to be rise or fall under the impelling ideals of a "fairy tales." Now comes an item in a democratic government. On the east side of the river about two miles downstream from where I live at the newspaper which says "Scorpions kill Let me quote from an Office of War In- more Arizonans than all the rattlesnakes, mouth of the canyon are geodes filled with formation poster, No. 75, signed by Presi- beautiful calcite crystals, some clear and black widow spiders, and gila monsters dent Roosevelt in 1943. "No loyal citizen combined." See clipping enclosed. some stained a light brown. Some are of the United States should be denied the marked outside with a pattern like that on Please, Mr. Editor, find out and inform democratic right to exercise the responsi- the back of a turtle and are very interesting us whether there is such a thing as a scor- bilities of his citizenship, regardless of his specimens. pion whose sting is deadly to man. I have ancestry." What you refer to as "bitumen or other been stung by a scorpion, but not on the In a democracy such as ours, that offers desert; and have known several others to asphalt substance" I am inclined to believe to every foreigner the right to freedom is some form of aragonite. I have known of be stung by them, with little worse effect and the pursuit of happiness, it is incon- than a wasp sting. these geodes for many years, as I have lived ceivable that after fighting side by side here 33 years. They are still quite plentiful L. J. WHITEMAN with his white brothers, making the same and as the shale erodes away new ones sacrifices, working in war plants, serving LJW: Dr. Herbert Stahnke (Des- keep coming to the surface. in the WAC and WAVES, that the Indi- Of course I do not know if these geode ert, May '41) reported that of the 21 ans cannot now be freed from their inferior species of scorpions he had identified beds are the "lost" ones you saw many status as government wards and share in years ago, but they are the only ones I in Arizona, two: had proven deadly. the freedom for which they fought. The recorded score over a period of know about in this vicinity. nine years in Arizona showed 50 TSIANINA BILL LITTLE deaths (mostly children) chargeable • • • as follows: Scorpions 34, rattlesnakes Let's Restore the Palms . . . Garnets in the Santa Rosas . . . 8, black widow spiders 3, Gila monsters 1, and four classed as miscellane- Los Angeles, California Orange, California ous. This would indicate that among Dear Randall: Desert: the insects and reptiles, the scorpion Palm springs between Vallecito and On a recent trip to the top of Southern is Public Enemy No. l.—R.H. Carrizo stations on the old Butterfield California's Santa Rosa mountains, my • • • stage line was so named because of the na- brother and I were on the lookout for Freedom for Which They Fought... tive palm trees which formerly grew there. rocks for our collection, and possible cut- Burbank, California My first visit to this spring was in Oc- ting. tober, 1903, when we made a noontime Dear Mr. Henderson: When we left Hemet we got into some stop for water for our team. As I recall, pretty rocky country, and drove on the In the August issue of Desert Magazine there were two or three palms growing slow side so as not to miss any good speci- there appeared a letter by Fr. Bonaventure on the bank above the watering trough at mens. Oblasser challenging some statements that time. When I next visited the spot a made in an interview with me by Hope third of a century later the palms were Shortly after leaving the main highway Gilbert, published in your July issue. I am gone. I found only an old stump of one. and beginning the ascent of the mountain, grateful that the statements he took issue we had to stop and let the car cool off. We As this is quite a historic spot it seems got out to stretch our legs and found the with were not original with me but were proper and fitting that a few small trees taken from the June 1, 1945, Congres- bed of a dry creek nearby. We followed it should be replanted there, if the Anza park for some distance and found numerous sional Record compiled by government of- authorities are willing. Such seedlings ficials in Washington, relative to condi garnets. Most of them were small and im- T should properly come from one of the bedded in some form of shale. We found a tions as they exist in the Indian reserva- nearby palm oases. tions. few large garnets. NORRIS BOSTWICK I agree with the gentleman in one state- The location of this garnet find is about ment: that there is much usurpation of That's a good idea, Norris, and I a mile off the main highway on the only power by government officials in the In- suggest we name Everett Campbell road going up the mountain. dian Bureau. However, I do wish to take and Bob Crawford at Vallecitos as a This could be a prospective field for exception to his statement that "It is the special committee to see that some of garnet hunters and some beauties may be full observance of the provisions of the Re- the native palms are restored to Valle- found. More exploration and digging is organization Act of 1934 that will give the citos Palm springs. There are plenty necessary however. I am going back there Indians . . . the right education to live as a of seedlings over across the valley at some day and explore some more. free citizen, responsible for the conduct of Mountain Palm springs.—R.H. GEORGE MEYER

OCTOBER, 1947 27 Lost Pegleg in Nevada . . . said, but our burros have wandered off like this I'll give you $2300 for it.' I sold El Paso, Texas and we cannot find hide nor hair of them. it, of course, and figured I was pretty well Recently I spent an evening with Harry We have 20 sacks of ore out, and no way paid for my little job of freighting." A. Pitts who had just come in from his to get them to town, and we are out of So much for the Lost Pegleg. At present "Uranio" claim in Sonora. Pitts is prob- grub.' prices that ore would run into a fortune. ably well known to many Desert readers "He told me that if we would take them I wonder if I shouldn't be out in the hills for he has spent 50-odd years prospecting and the ore into Indian springs they would doing some prospecting myself. for oil and minerals in the West and South- give me one of the sacks of ore. My team HAROLD WITHROW west. had made a long trip that day and was • • • about fagged out, so I told him that we During our gabfest he related the fol- Food for the Iguana . . . lowing tale, which may be of interest to would wait and take them the next day. There was a good spring nearby so we Glendale, California you because it concerns the much publi- Dear Sir: cized Lost Pegleg mine. We had been dis- camped that night and the next morning loaded them into the wagon and drove to We were interested in Richard Cassell's cussing a possible trip into the Superstition story about the pigmy iguana (Desert, mountains to investigate some properties the settlement. "As good as their word, they gave me Aug. '47). He stated that little is known when I happened to mention the Pegleg. about the eating habits of this reptile. "Oh, that mine was found 40 years ago," my pick of the sacks of ore. I selected one said Pitts. And this is his story: more or less at random and heaved it back I had two of them, and kept them several weeks before turning them loose. Dur- "In 1907 a fellow named Jones and I on the wagon. It weighed about 100 pounds. It must have been three months ing that time I learned something of their were on a prospecting trip in Nevada. We eating preferences. were traveling in a Studebaker wagon with before I returned to Goldfield where I had a cabin. When I unloaded the wagon I put They love the leaves of the white field a team of mules. Late one afternoon about clover, and the little pinkish lavender 16 or 17 miles northwest of Indian springs the sack of ore near the door, and it was several weeks before I thought of it again. flower of a small plant moss that grows in we saw a man sitting on a boulder beside parkways here. My smallest one would also the road. We stopped, of course, and after "One day I decided to find out if it had eat the flower of the geranium, but pre- the usual preliminaries he told us he had any value, and took a couple of chunks to ferred the other two, especially the clover. three partners, and they were in a helluva an assayer. He took one look at it and They can be kept in captivity with this fix. asked me how much I had. I told him food, and water, but they do not grow per- ' 'We've found the Lost Pegleg,' he about 100 pounds, and he said: 'If it's all ceptibly. When I let them go they stayed around for awhile. I watched them flick tiny insects from the grass blades. They seemed to do better on this diet. They were both very gentle, and the lit- DESERT CLOUDS ... Photo Contest tle one liked to do little tricks and antics when encouraged. Clouds make thfl desert beautiful. Nowhere else do they show MATILDA HARROLD the variety and grandeur that they attain in desert skies, or present such a contrast with fie harsh land below. And Desert Magazine is • • • going to award its October photographic prizes not for pictures of Lesson in Geography . . . clouds themselves, but for desert scenes of all varieties which are Huntington Park, California keyed or dominated by tha cloud formations in ths sky. Desert: Regarding your Question 11 in the Au- First prize is $10, and second prize $5. For non-prize winning pic- gust Quiz: You should have said that west- tures accepted for publication $2 each will be paid. Entries must reach ern Utah lies within the Great Basin, the Desert Magazine office in El Cen'ro, California, not later than Oc- rather than that the Great Basin lies within tober 20, and the winning prints will be published in the December Utah. issue. The Great Basin covers western Utah, nearly all of Nevada, parts of Oregon, HERE ARE THE RULES Idaho and Wyoming, and a considerable 1—Prints must be on black and white, 5x7 or larger, printed on extent of California including Death Val- glossy paper. ley and your own Imperial Valley. Consult 2—All entries must be in the Desert Magazine office by the 20th the Encyclopedia Britannica. of the contest month. WARD C. SECHRIST 3—Prints will be returned only when return postage is enclosed. 4—Contests are open to both amateur and professional photo- WCS: Desert acknowledges its er- graphers. Desert Magazine requires first publication rights of prize ror and has revised its map of the winning pictures only. Great Basin.—R.H. 5—Time and place of photograph are immaterial except that they must be from the desert Southwest. • • • 6—Judges will be selected from Desert's editorial staff, and Geode Road Improved . . . awards will be made immediately after the close of the contest each Searchlight, Nevada month. Dear Desert: 7—Each photograph submitted should be fully labeled as to The Searchlight geode story (Desert, subject, time, place. Also as to technical data: shutter speed, hour of day, etc. July, '47) is bringing results. If it isn't three rockhounds, it's 16—all looking for ADDRESS ALL ENTRIES TO PHOTO EDITOR, DESERT MAGAZINE geodes. They find them too, and seem to be pleased. THE I just wanted to report that the road to the geode field has been improved and all wash cut-outs have been filled. You can EL CENTRO, CALIFORNIA sail straight ahead now. HOWARD MILDREN 28 THE DESERT MAGAZINE UNUSUAL CACTI . . . THIS MONTH'S SPECIAL Your choice of Baby Toes, Golden Tom Thumb, Striped Chin, Pheasant's Tail, Rattle- I an tke snake Buttons, White Torch, Old Man, Varie- gated Crassula, Pencil-Leaved Gasteria, Eu- ARIZONA federal government by Coconino county in phorbia pulvinata. 1928, with the government agreeing to 4 FOR $1.00 Last Indian Scouts Retire . . » build and maintain a suitable approach 10c Brings Sample Plant and Complete List FORT HUACHUCA —The four re- road. Members of the board declare that aRm RANCH maining Indian scouts in the United States the road has fallen into disrepair and has Rt. 1 Holtville. Calif. army were retired at Ft. Huachuca on Au- become dangerous in places. gust 30. The organization was formed by Gen. George Crook in 1886, to carry mes- Petrified Driftwood . . . sages through enemy lines and to scout for HOLBROOK — Logs in Arizona's ambushes and traps. Since Indian warfare petrified forest were carried to their pres- County Maps... ended, the scouts have been used for patrol ent resting place by an ancient river, ac- CALIF: Twnshp, Rng, Sec, MINES, All along Ft. Huachuca boundaries and for the cording to a theory announced by L. Floyd road, trail, creek, river, lake, R.R., school, tracking of outlaws. No enlistments have Keller, naturalist at Petrified Forest na- camp, rngr. station, elev., ntl. forest, land been accepted since 1923. Approximately tional monument. Naturalists sought an grant, pwr. line, canal, etc., boundaries. 1000 Indians served in the group during answer to the absence of bark, leaves or Size range 20x30 to 73x100 inches. its existence. branches on the petrified logs. Their first major clue was that the five forests that All Counties $1 except as listed: Tuo- Inland Port for Yuma? . . . make up the monument are circular in lumne, Santa Barbara, Plumas, Placer, YUMA — Representative Richard F. Modoc, Madera, $1.50; Tulare, Tehama, shape, just as the logs whirled in the back- Siskiyou, Imperial, $2; San Diego, Riv- Harless of Arizona has introduced legisla- waters of the big river. Course of the river erside, Mendocino, Kern, Humboldt, tion in congress asking that army engi- then was traced to its beginning, some 100 Fresno, $2.50; Trinity, Shasta, Mono, San neers be authorized to investigate the pos- miles to the southwest. Luis Obispo, Monterey, Lassen, Los An- sibility of dredging the Colorado river geles, $3. from the Gulf of California to the Imperial Lobo Wolves in Arizona . . . Inyo Co., 67x92 $15.00 dam in Arizona. If carried out, the dredg- BOWIE — Federal Trapper T. C. San Bernardino. 73x110 15.00 ing would make Yuma an inland port Creighton killed two lobo wolves on the aga'n. Steamers on the river were halted by Mulkins ranch south of Bowie during Au- San Bernardino. No. or So. Half .... 7.50 construction of Laguna dam in 1907, but gust, the male weighing 70 pounds. U. S. N.W.. S.W.. N.E.. or S.E. quarter .... 3.75 in the early days the army shipped supplies Fish and Wildlife service claims that the Also Oregon, Idaho and Washington from the gulf to Yuma and overland to wolves enter Arizona from Mexico, and County Maps. forts in the territory. that six pairs of wolves have killed more than 50 head of cattle in the past two WORLD'S MINERALS Reclamation Project Assured . . . months in southern Arizona. 2417 San Pablo Avenue YUMA—Arizona celebrated as Presi- • o • OAKLAND 12. California dent Truman signed the bill reauthorizing The Santa Fe railroad company plans to the Gila reclamation project. The new bill build a $2,500,000 resort hotel near Wil- creates the Wellton-Mohawk division of liams. It will be known as Bill Williams the project with 75,000 additional acres to hotel, and will include a swimming pool, 'EVERYTHING FOR THE HIKER" be irrigated from the Imperial dam. Area golf course, stables and 6000-foot ski slide. • o « of the original Gila project was cut to SLEEPING BAGS about 40,000 acres. Wellton-Mohawk di- Flow of the Salt and Gila rivers in July vision, long fought for by southern Ari- was at the lowest level in 30 years. AIR MATTRESSES zonans, will take about five years to de- • • • velop and the work will employ hundreds Dos Cabezas has been declared the offi- SMALL TENTS of men. cial name of the village, twin peaks and and many other items 18-mile mountain range in Cochise county. Hopi Future Dark . . . The United States division of geography ORAIBI—The economic future of the decided on that spelling after checking VAN DEGRIFT'S HIKE HUT Hopi is just as dark as that of the Navajo, origin of the name and local usage. For- 717 West 7th Street Karl Johnson, village governor of New merly the village was called Dos Cabezos, LOS ANGELES 14, CALIFORNIA Oraibi declares. Stock reduction, drouth the peaks Dos Cabezas. and a lessening demand for their weaving is destroying Hopi means of earning a livelihood. "Hopi farmers are trying to make SLEEP in your CAR a living on sandhills and war workers and ROCKHOUNDS. Tourists, veterans are coming back to nothing," desert lovers — Enjoy Johnson declared. your trips in freedom and economy, with a transferable . . . Ask Road Improvement . . . CALIFORNIA CAR BED FLAGSTAFF — Unless the United in your sedan or club States government improves the approach coupe. No cutting, 3 hour to Grand Canyon national park, Coconino installation. will ask for return of Bright Angel trail to Dealer Franchises Available the county, members of the board of super- 1754 West Manchester visors have decided. The trail, most popu- CALIF CAR BED CO. Los Angeles 44 TW 2661 lar route into the canyon, was given to the WRITE FOR CIRCULAR

OCTOBER, 1947 29 FOR SALE: Ocotillo Winter Desert Resort, 27 miles west of El Centro on Highway 80. Ar- tistically furnished 2 bed room rock house, THE DESERT TRADING POST running water, bath. Electricity to be installed soon. $5500. Lots 100 ft. by 100 ft. Classified advertising in this section costs 7 cents a word, $1.00 minimum per issue with water $200. Victoria Heights, 1 mile E. 1 mile N. of Alpine. Home sites with water to irrigate garden and fruit trees. Grand view INDIAN GOODS ORIGINAL PEN AND INK SKETCHES of of mountains, valleys, ocean. Best climate in the American cowboy against the historical U. S. according to government survey. $850 per acre. John Chalupnik, Alpine, Calif. ALWAYS THE BEST in Indian things. Old landscapes of the old Southwest. 8"xlO" and new Navajo rugs a specialty. Fine jew- $5.00. Henry Littlejohn, Box 115, Midland, elry and baskets. Our thirty tons of rocks and Texas. FOR LEASE—1 to 5 acre placer plots with ex- minerals include many hard to get items. Al- cellent building locations and water, for those ways welcome. Daniels Indian Trading Post, SENSATIONAL NEW Gold Testing Outfit for interested in a permanent, romantic mining 401 W. Foothill Blvd., Fontana, Calif . prospectors, rockhounds, mine owners, etc. retreat. Bill Schmidt, 602 E. Whittier Blvd., Scientifically tests any rock or ore for gold Whittier, California. in ten minutes! Simple, compact, economical, WANTED TO BUY: Old Indian Buttons. Mrs. yet absolutely positive! Outfit, with com- M. Crommett Hall, Agua Caliente Springs, plete instructions, only $5.00 postpaid. Desert Julian, Calif. Laboratories, 627 Lillian, Stockton, Calif. DO YOU HAVE ALL OF THESE ROAM THE DESERT with a bow in hand! NATIVE WILDFLOWERS of the Great Yew wood Bows $25.00. Target Arrows Southwest, many of them should be planted GUIDES to the SCENIC WEST? $3.00 for 6. Whiteman's Handicraft Shop, —nature's way—in the fall. Send card for fall Oakland, Ore. planting seed list, many rare species listed. S. S. Lawrence—Seedsman, Box 408, Las Vegas, Nevada. BOOKS — MAGAZINES KARAKULS. Producers of Persian Lamb fur COLLECTORS the world over read The Earth are easy to raise and adapted to the desert Science Digest. If you like earth science, you which is their native home. For further in- will like The Earth Science Digest. One year formation write Addis Kelley, 4637 E. 52 subscription, $2.00 — Sample copy 25c. place, Maywood, California. Write: Dept. D., Box 57, Omaha 3, Ne- braska. CACTI AND SUCCULENTS—From the deserts of the world. Don-Rita brand. By ap- GOLD PANNING for profit. Healthy, outdoor pointment only. Write us your needs and we occupation. Beginners' big instruction book, will try to help you. Michael Donnelly Cacti blueprints, photograph—$1.00. Desert Jim, Gardens, 334 Lowell St., Daly City, Calif. 627 Lillian, Stockton, Calif. LEARN the profitable jewelry and gold-smith- Travel with Scenic Guides and BINDERS for your Desert Magazines. Loose- ing trade at home. Simplified course teaches See More leaf. Easily inserted. Each binder has space jewelry designing, manufacture and repair- MAPS—DESCRIPTIONS—PICTURES for full year's copies. $1.25 postpaid to you. ing; gemsetting, etc. Gemcrafters, Dept. F., All Alphabetically Arranged for Kalispell, Mont. Desert Magazine, El Centra, Calif. Quick Reference SILVER SHOP for sale. Unable to tike care of SCENIC GUIDES to NEVADA. NORTH- DESERT BEAUTY and Inspiration easily same. L. A. Hansen, 1119 Wheeler Ave., ERN CALIFORNIA. SOUTHERN CALI- mailed. Give The Courage of Joshua, bro- Reno, Nevada. FORNIA. ARIZONA and UTAH are chure of illustrated poems, $1.00. Artistic Available Now Greeting Folders of desert etchings, $1.00 MAN, MIDDLE AGED, married, former resi- Price $1.00 each at your Book Store dozen, by Constance Walker, 2814 W. Ave. dent of the desert, desires work in desert area. or by Mail from 30, Los Angeles, 41, Calif. Has clerical, selling and managing experience. Box 515, 455 E. Ocean, Long Beach. SCENIC GUIDES ARIZONA HIGHWAYS, Deserts, Destiny, Box 288 Susanville, Calif. National Geographies, New Mexico, other WANTED: Old Envelopes with western can- fine magazines are for sale by John Wesley- cellations before 1890. Also gold coins in Davis, I6IIV2 Donaldson St., Los Angeles, good condition. Write: C. H. Greiner, 106 California. N. Sunset, Temple City, Calif. "PAY DIRT": Tall Tales and authentic mining RAISE MINK! Free folder gives inside "se- AMERICA'S FINEST information written in the racy and zestful crets" on feed; care. Lawrence Molgard, speech of the West—by Glen Rounds. Illus- Brigham Gty 12, Utah. RESORT MAGAZINE trated. Printed on fine paper, linen bound. Price $2.00 postpaid. Addison & Sperry, FOR SALE: Karakul bed blankets, colors, blue, Books and Magazines, 2141/2 E. 5th St., Los green, natural, maroon, weigh at least 4V2 Angeles 13, Calif. pounds. Money back guarantee. Price $17.50. Write Addis Kelley, 4637 E. 52nd Place, Maywood, California. MISCELLANEOUS Palm Springs PANNING GOLD — A side line hobby for REAL ESTATE Rockhounds and Desert Nomads. You should know how to pan gold, recognize gold DESERT FOOTHILL HOME, all year climate bearing gravel and valuable quartz ledges. 3200 elevation. Insulated, block, all tile roof, The places you go are where rich virgin electricity, Butane tank, automatic water VILLAGER ground is found. Send your name for new heater, living room, large bedroom, beautiful folder on panning gold, with pictures—list bath and kitchen. Extra room 9x20 for garage, of mining books and equipment for prospec- studio or shop. Wide porch commanding tor beginners. Old Prospector, Box 21B32, view of valley. Five minutes to post-office, Dutch Flat, Calif. stores. Restricted, lot 200x660. Total unfur- SAMPLE COPY 30c nished, §8500. Low Terms or some trade. LOOSE-LEAF BINDERS for your Desert Mag- Photos mailed. Box B, Desert Magazine. Subscription, Per Season $2.50 azines. Preserve your back issues in these sub- stantial gold-embossed covers. Each binder DESERT COTTAGES, furnished rentals edge Palm Springs, California holds year's copies. Easy to insert. $1.25 of Mojave desert, 3300 ft. elevation, year each, postpaid to you. Desert Magazine, El round climate, spring water, swimming. Wm. Centro, California. E. Miller, Lucerne Valley, California.

30 THE DESERT MAGAZINE CAL FORNIA sometimes the only—resident of Ballarat, Dredge for the Colorado . . . Buy Stovepipe Wells Hotel . . . he was on the election board there many BOULDER CITY — A specially de- years. Election day dinner at Gray's home signed suction dredge, complete with fuel DEATH VALIJEY—Stove Pipe Wells was the social event of the year for Ballarat hotel, sea-level resort in Death Valley, will barge, pipe barge, work barge and power precinct, which included Wi'.drose, Tuba, plant, to cost $871,000, has been ordered be taken over on September 1 by its new Jail, Surprise, Happy and Pleasant can- owners, George Palmer Putnam, author by the bureau of reclamation. It will take yons, Mahogany and Harrisburg flats. a year to construct, and will be used to cor- and former New> York publisher, and Gray came to the Panamint area in 1898 Frank Morris, who formerly owned and rect difficulties caused by silt deposits when he staked claims in Anvil Spring along the Colorado river below Hoover operated a lodge in Wyoming. Morris will wash. He set up an assay office in booming act as manager. The hotel at present has dam. It is designed to work in dense tules, Ballarat in 1900, and remained after the willows and other vegetation, and also in accommodations for 80 guests and main- boom passed. tains a restaurant, tap room, gift shop and sand, clay and gumbo. The dredge will be about 40 feet wide, 120 feet long and service station. The new owners expect to Canal Water at Mecca . . . erect modern cabins and add a swimming have a draft of not more than six feet. pool. Eighty acres of privately owned land MECCA—First water for agricultural in the national monument and water rights use was released from the Coachella from Emigrant springs and Cottonwood branch of the Ail-American canal near canyon were included in the transfer. Mecca on August 12. Release of the water, which had come 144 miles from the Colo- Landscape Desert Museum . . . rado river, was part of a temporary relief plan to help land already developed, dur- RANDSBURG—A county plan to im- ing the period while the canal is being prove the Desert museum at Randsburg completed. More than 75,000 additional through landscaping and construction of acres of Coachella valley land will be rock walls, was scheduled to start in Au- opened to farming and ranching when the gust. Miners were invited to bring choice project finally is finished. building rock to the site or to tell the cura- • • • tors, George Silveria and William Hack- Illustration One-Halt Actual Size man, where it might be secured. Rock- Twentynine Palms airport, one of the hounds and the local mineral class were army's first glider training school sites and STERLING SILVER invited to contribute polished desert stones a navy rocket training school, which was 3 PIECE WESTERN and gems which could be used as capping appraised at $450,000, has been trans- BUCKLE SET and BELT ferred by the War Assets administration to on the walls. Desert museum has been kept What a bargain! This beautiful 3 piece San Bernardino county. Sterling Silver deep cut hand - engraved open from 10 to 4 each Sunday with funds buckle set and '•'; \ inch hand- OO OC • • • tocled top grain solid leather belt. \J)O.uD supplied by Rand district business men BOTH Postpaid and museum friends. Borrego valley will have telephone service for the first time when a 17-mile line (Price includes Federal tax) ORDER NOW FOR XMAS Experimental Farm Leased . . . starting from Ocotillo is completed. The Money refunded within 5 days if not satisfied line, to cost $20,000, was expected to be Send for illustrated catalog of our line of CALEXICO—Joseph and Fred Eady, in operation by the end of August. Western Jewelry Jr., Calexico farmers, have been given a 10 TRADER BYRNE year lease on the 537 acre East Mesa ex- • • • Highway 66 association plans to erect 2 Locations in California: perimental farm, which recently was 207 North Dillon Street Los Angeles 26 turned over to the Imperial Irrigation dis- billboards at strategic points in order to Box SO Palm Desert trict by the U. S. bureau of reclamation. deflect auto traffic from the newly author- Dealer Inquiries Invited Purpose of the farm is to test the produc- ized Cross-Country highway, when it is tivity of the East Mesa land which is be- completed. ing prepared for eventual homesteading. • • • The lease gives the brothers free rent and Camp Irwin, consisting of 637,820 THE HOTEL water the first year, after which they must acres of land in the Mojave 38 miles north AT THE pay regular waterj rates and a rental in- of Barstow, has been declared surplus by creasing to $9 an acre at the end of the 10- the war department. PALMS year period. • • • • • • Construction of a new highway over the FIREPLACE- Brahmas Come to Blythe . . . Slate range, connecting Trona with Death ADOBES BLYTHE — Completing the longest Valley and eastern points, is expected to east-to-west livestock shipment on record, start in October. • • • • • • 1500 Brahma-type steers arrived in Blythe ALL SPORTS in August, from Belle Glade, Florida, for NEVADA • • • a hot-weather grazing test. Hot-weather Helicopter Horse-Hunter . . . feeding never has proved profitable, ac- GOLDFIELD — "Rock" Cozod of OPEN cording to Sol Branker who, with Roy ALL YEAR Smith, shipped the $250,000 worth of Reno has received permission from the Es- cattle to Blythe. But the Brahmas are ac- meralda county board of supervisors to climated to high temperatures and Branker hunt wild horses with a helicopter, and Gateway to Joshua Tree Monument hopes to be able to establish a summer posted a $2000 bond to prove that he ROBT. VAN LAHR, Mgr. feeding industry with them. Cattle are be- wasn't fooling. He plans to use the heli- For reservations write or call at ing prepared for marketing in February. copter like a cow pony, riding herd on the 29 Palms Inn, Twentynine Palms; Calif. animals and keeping them headed in the or Call any Travel Bureau or Automobile Club "Mayor of Ballarat" Dies • . . desired direction. He was given permission to hunt at Horath, Cow Camp, Mc- PALMS BALLARAT Frederick William Namara, Barrel, Cedar, Joshua, Brickyard, Gray, "mayor of Ballarat," died in Los An- West, Houlihan, Cognon and Wild Horse I N N geles on July 16, age 76. Oldest—and springs. OCTOBER, 1947 31 Will Revive Soda Plant . . . farther south on the Nevada side of the extinct species of snails, fishes, lizards, FALLON—Revival of the soda making Colorado river, and 18 miles on the Ari- snakes, turtles, alligators, squirrel-like ro- industry at Soda lake, near Fallon, is zona side, for a width of six miles on each dents, flesh-eating creodents, the lemur, planned by James O. Greenan, Nevada bank. The national park service will pro- the eohippus and the meniscotherium. mining man, who leased the lake from the vide recreational and other facilities in the Truckee-Carson Irrigation district. If tests new area, and permits for mining and Indians Can't Vote • . . prove favorable, Greenan will erect a $10,- grazing will be issued in the same manner GALLUP—District Judge David Cha- 000 pilot plant. Production of soda at the as for the rest of the Lake Mead recrea- vez on July 30 ruled that Indians living on lake continued from 1870 until after 1900 tional area. reservations or in pueblos and not pay- when irrigation raised the lake level and ing an ad valorem tax on property are not diluted the water's mineral content. Cooperate for Tourist Trade . . • eligible to vote under the New Mexico Greenan is depending upon higher soda LAS VEGAS—An interchange of tour- constitution. He made the ruling in dis- product prices and improved recovery ists, through emphasis on the varied recre- missing the damage suit of two Zunis and methods to return a profit. ational facilities, climate and attractions of one Navajo against McKinley county Arizona, Nevada and New Mexico, was clerk Eva Ellen Sabin for her refusal to Goldfield Landmark Moves . . . advocated by representatives of 12 South- register them as voters. He did not rule on GOLDFIELD—St. John's in the Wil- western cities who met in Las Vegas in Au- the status of Indians who had severed tri- derness Episcopal church, built in Gold- gust. Cities who sent delegates to plan co- bal relations and were living off the reser- field 40 years ago, is being stripped of its operation instead of competition were: vation and subject to taxation. timbers, paneling, trusses, stcne arches and Las Vegas, Reno, Tonopah, Hawthorne furnishings. The materials will be placed and Boulder City, Nevada; Phoenix. Pueblo Changes Name . . . in the St. John's Episcopal chapel to be Tucson, Bisbee, Florence, Nogales and Kingman, Arizona; and Santa Fe, New TAOS — The ancient Picuris pueblo, built at Galilee, on Lake Tahoe. St. John's near Penasco, has changed its name and has been one of Goldfield's historical Mexico. • • • become San Lorenzo. The change was landmarks. made during the fiesta of San Lorenzo, pa- Investigation of underground water tron saint of the village. Eris Hagberg, su- Extend Mead Park Area . . . supplies of Paradise, Quinn River and perintendent of the United Pueblos agency BOULDER CITY—All bureau of rec- Grass valleys is being conducted by U. S. and Abel Paisano of the All-Pueblo coun- lamation withdrawn lands along the geological survey in conjunction with Ne- cil assisted in the ceremony and dedication Colorado river in the vicinity of Davis vada state engineer's office. of the new name. Authorities believe that dam have been placed under jurisdiction • * • the word Picuris, which is neither Spanish of the national park service and added to L. J. Murphy, owner of the Rhyolite nor Indian, was as near as the Spanish the Lake Mead recreational area. The bottle house, where he has a display of could get to the Indian word which means agreement extends the park area 15 miles minerals and relics of the Bullfrog gold "people of the mountain." rush days, declares that while the town of Rhyolite may be up for sale, his bottle Mogollons Lived High . . . house is not. RESERVE—The highest site of prehis- • • • ; toric Mogollon Indian culture known to B ng Crosby bought the Kearns, Evans, date has been found in western New Mex- Bellinger and Truett ranches in Elko ico, near Reserve, by an archeological ex- county, a total of 20,000 acres of land with pedition of the Chicago Natural History grazing rights on several hundred thou- museum. Evidences of ancient culture have CQNCHABELT sand more. been found at 7000 feet above sea level, • • • and excavations will begin soon. Excava- NEW MEXICO tors will attempt to determine the origin of the Indians and the approximate date they Big Ranches Are Gone . . . occupied the site. ALBUQUERQUE — The day of the huge cattle ranch in New Mexico is over, Author Back with Navajo . . . according to George A. Godfrey, president GALLUP—Walter Dyk, Brooklyn col- of the New Mexico Cattle Growers asso- lege anthropologist and author of Son of ciation. Of the 4092 members of the as- Old Man Hat, autobiography of a Nava- sociation, 1719 own fewer than 65 head jo, has returned to Gallup after 12 years of cattle, and only 282 own more than 500. absence, to spend a year gathering infor- "The trend in ranch and land ownership mation for the continuation of the auto- is toward smaller units with better gradps biography. He has brought a wire sound of stock," Godfrey, who homesteaded his recorder to record his interviews. Most of Here's your chance to own this exquisite ex- present headquarters location in Animas ample of Southwestern artistry at very little the work will be done in the vicinity of cost. Each large (1 3/8"xl") Concha in this valley in 1910, declared. Lukaichuki. beautiful belt is set with flawless, matched, genuine blue turquoise measuring 1 '3 of an Find Fossil Zoo . . . inch. Hand rubbed silver and silver solder throughout. Handsome engraved links. The LINDRITH—The fossil-hunting expe- Concha belt will be a prized addition to your dition of the American Museum of Na- jewel case—a flattering accent with any cos- OIL PAINTINGS . . . tume, sport or formal—a precious gift. Only tural History has discovered "the richest $17.50, post and tax prepaid. ($9.50 in plain single deposit of early mammal bones ever FROM KODACHROMES silver without turquoise.) No extras. Send for found in the Southwest and perhaps of this Your favorite desert color shot accurate- your Concha belt today! Enclose check or ly reproduced in oils will make a per- money order with your name and address to: age in the world," in the opinion of its manent decoration for your home. Prefer leader, Dr. George Simpson. In addition scenes from the red rock country. 12x16, to the ancestor of the dinosaur, the party $16; 16x20, $20 (no frames); other sizes HAROLD MARYOTT has found, near Lindrith, more than 40 in proportion. kinds of animals which lived about 60,- CHARLES KELLY Torrey, Utah MIAMI - ARIZONA 000,000 years ago. Discoveries included 32 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Arthur F. Kidder, U. S. geological sur- Excavate Pueblo Site . . . Neal Ray, last of the original pioneers vey engineer will chart the last 150 miles CISCO—A party of seven from Colo- who came to the Moab section in 1877, of unsurveyed New Mexico-Colorado rado Museum of Natural History, headed died on August 1, age 87. boundary this fall. He estimates it will by Miss Marie Wormington, has resumed take a year to cover the area from the San explorations and excavations on a pueblo ANSWERS TO DESERT QUIZ Juan river to the junction of the state lines archeological site on Cottonwood creek, Questions are on page 24 at Four Corners. Book mountains, north of Cisco. During • • • 1—Needles, California, is on the Colo- the season archeologists from the Carne- rado river. Author Jose Mallorqui Fugerola report- gie museum expedition and the Univer- 2—Albuquerque, New Mexico — Rio ed from Barcelona, Spain, that his biogra- Grande river. phy of the famous New Mexico outlaw, sity of Utah will visit the excavations. The 3—Holbrook, Arizona—Little Colo- Billy el Nino, had been a best seller for site is considered important because it has rado river. not followed the regular pueblo pattern, 4—Bluff, Utah—San Juan river. two years and was coming out in a new 5—Wickenburg, Arizona — Hassayam- edition. showing many features not found in other prehistoric Southwestern villages. pa river. • • • 6—Barstow, California—Mojave river. 7—St. George, Utah—Virgin river. UTAH 8—Jensen, Utah—Green river. Use Boat for Mountain Fire . . . 9—Clarkdale, Arizona—Verde river. Ancient Rocks at Alta . . . JENSEN—A lightning bolt started a 10—Carlsbad, New Mexico — Pecos ALT A—The rocks at Alta range from fire on the steep slopes of Split mountain river. 11—Benson, Arizona—San Pedro river. the pre-Cambrian, hundreds of millions of in Dinosaur national monument. Jess 12—Gila Bend, Arizona—Gila river. years ago, to the comparatively recent Lombard, monument custodian, scouted 13—Roosevelt dam—Salt river. Jurassic, according to Frank C. Calkins the blaze by airplane and found that it was 14—Elko, Nevada—Humboldt river. who is surveying the area for the U. S. inaccessible by foot or horseback. So, pi- 15—Boulder City, Nevada—Lake Mead. 16—Provo, Utah—Utah lake. geological survey. "We're doing hard loted by Bus Hatch, veteran river runner, 17—Mecca, California—Salton sea. climbing," the 70-year-old geologist Lombard and Lee Sneddon, park ranger, 18—Hawthorne, Nevada—Walker lake. added, "and we haven't been able to use traveled by boat up the Green river, 3Vi 19—Leevining, California—Mono lake. horses because they can't go where we go." miles into jagged Split mountain canyon, 20—Death Valley Jet., Calif.—Amar- The completed project will include a com- landed and had the fire out by nightfall. gosa river. plete aereal map of distribution of rocks in the region. Weather closes the surveying season in October, but Calkins hopes to continue with underground work in mines of the vicinity. City in Monument Valley . . . Meed Adequate MONUMENT VALLEY—A city of 1000 population has sprung up in Monu- ment Valley, near Goulding's trading post, for production of the film "War Party," based on a story "Massacre," by James W. LIGHTING... Bella. One of the largest undertakings attempted in the valley, the picture calls for employment of 400 Indians, who will play the Apache war party, 100 local riders and ADEQUATE LIGHTING TODAY MEANS 100 stunt riders from Hollywood. The company is being housed in a tent city. A CORRECT EYE-SIGHT TOMORROW truck fleet operating between the location and Flagstaff furnishes supplies. Utah Naval Observatory? . . . RICHFIELD—Federal experts seeking Is your home one of those that has only one good place for reading a new site for the naval observatory now at Washington, D. C, are considering at and close work? It's a wise investment in home comfort and better least two sites in Utah, at Richfield and in eye-sight to have adequate light for all requirements for all members Wayne county. Prerequisites for the new site are that it be in about the latitude of of the family. The days will soon be getting shorter and the nights Washington, D. C, and that it be free longer; why not make sure that your home is adequately lighted? from smoke and soot and have an exces- sive number of clear days in the year. Seek Oil Leases . . . VERNAL—Fred W. Johnson, director of the land office of the bureau of land management announced in July that the government would issue oil and gas leases Imperial Irrigation District on Uintah Indian reservation lands lying within Ashley, Uintah and Wasatch national forests. Since that time, applications for leases on 80,000 acres of land have Use Your Own Power-Moke it Pay forth", All American Canol been received. Among the companies interested were Stanolind, Pure, Carter, and Sinclair.

OCTOBER, 1947 33 WMTWR New October issue, just out, contains well illustrated articles on a^ate carving, making affate-silver dinner ware, the finest article that has ever appeared on faceting soft stones and three departments f r the beginner. Many other interesting articles and lots of news. Published Quarterly — $1.00 a Year Back Numbers 35c Each By LELANDE QUICK (There are Two) Editor of The Lapidary Journal LAPIDARY JOURNAL P. O. Box 1228 Hollywood 28, Calif. LELANDE QUICK, Editor HARRY R. RINGWALD, Manager Since some mineral magazines have com- line at the Santa Barbara show where we acted plained of inequities that allegedly occurred at as a judge of the lapidary displays. One dis- the California Federation of Mineralogical so- gruntled member told us to bring our flash- cieties' spring show at Santa Barbara, we might light next time so that we could see and better as well get in on the discussion. Although the judge the displays. Any display thst needs a federation put on a good show, it is aware of its flashlight played upon it so that it can be seen weaknesses and acknowledges errors. It has in- should be disqualified in the first pli'ce. 'Alta' Lapidary Equipment vited our advice regarding next year's show at Our own thought on the matter is this: Al- Long Beach. We confidently predict that the ways have the convention in a city equipped Long Beach mineral show will be the greatest for it. Divorce the commercial displays from ever held, because the host society is working the exhibits and have a ticket that will admit a hard on the plans right now, rather than wait- person to both exhibits. Use the proceeds to ing for the eve of the exhibition. give an adequate, safe and well lighted space We do not belong to any society that is a to the collector or lapidary accompanied by member of the federation. But we are intensely suitable cash awards so that folks really will be interested in the success of their shows because encouraged to exhibit their very best specimens they are in a position to combine with their and gems in an atmosphere apart from hawking. mineral shows a greater display of the lapidary Give the commercial exhibitor every kind of a art than can any single lapidary society. We are break with adequate space and long months of interested in the promotion of the lapidary art, publicity build-up in charge of competent peo- and the logical place to promote it is in the min- pie. eral societies. Mineral collecting and gem pol- Long Beach, where the next conclave will be ishing go together like ham and eggs. held, is ideal for a trial of this idea, for they As we see it from the sidelines the weakness have the facilities. The host society is a live and in the past has been with the so-called "host" cooperative group and the affair is being run j societies. Perhaps at times they have undertaken by persons who have demonstrated their organ- too much for their limited abilities, and de- izing ability by successfully developing their DIAMOND SAW UNIT, 16" Capacity. clined advice from other societies because of own businesses. If the federation gets behind Will cut slabs 6 by 8 inch with 4" cross characteristic American independence. A host the dealers and collectors with real publicity and feed. 3 speed power feed with quick re- society can be strong and well equipped for the the dealers get behind the federation with pub- turn feature. job or it can be weak and unable to present a licity of their own, a cooperative show could good show. No society is stronger than its be developed that would be worth a half dollar strongest members and there is no group of or- of anyone's money. We believe no one would ganized individuals, of which we have been a stay home because of a half dollar admission fee. member, run by more than 20 per cent of the A convention run like the business proposi- membership. The other 80 per cent sits by and tion it really should be, could draw a minimum disgruntedly grunts or passively purrs. It is of 10,000 people at a three-day affair, and gar- true of churches, lodges, service clubs, min- ner $5000 in admissions. That sum wisely spent eral societies and the individual American fam- could promote a show such'as no one has ever ily. Admitting this premise, and considering the seen. We'd like to see it. fact that few mineral societies have a membership in excess of 100, the huge task of a state Another idea which strongly appeals to us was passed along to us by our good friend Fred convention therefore devolves upon about 20 Rugg, known to almost every rock hunter in people—and they often are divided against California. Many of the real rock hunters of the themselves. A federation show run by the fed- desert regions, the people who have the fine eration with societies in the convention loca- specimens, are earthy people. They want to tion area cooperating seems to be the answer. come into town in their jeans and work pants Then there is the sore question of money. and their boots. They don't want to get dressed Society members want their precious minerals fancy and dig into a hotel. If some space could j displayed safely in a fine building, and they be provided (and it certainly can be in Long SANDER & POLISHER Alum, construc- want plenty of space and lighting. This costs Beach) where these folks could park their tion. Die cast pulleys. Eccentric cam de- money and the money has to come from some- trailer or pitch a tent and dump their rocks in a vice makes changing and tightening of where. People have to spend money to properly pile, just as the country farmer used to come belts easy. This unit is ideal for sanding display their treasures to their friends at home. into the old time city markets with his produce, and polishing. Someone has to spend money to display their then you would see rocks that would make you things for them elsewhere. Thus far the money bug-eyed. has been coming from dealers who buy exhibit People would have the time of their lives; GRINDING ARBOR Heavy construction. space. Some visitors get excited about commer- Sealed SKF Ball bearings. Shaft 15" lg. the people who really love rocks. No rock miner cialism and some dealers get mad at being would return home with any rocks. Those that with %" arbor for up to 10" dia. wheels. pushed around. Many people buy mineral maga- 42" Belt furnished. Built to last a lifetime. were not sold at the show would be picked up by zines only for the advertisements, and many enterprising city dealers. While this scheme can people attend mineral shows only to buy min- well promote a lot of discussion, it seems to me WRITE FOR LITERATURE erals for their own collections. They are not too to have the merit of making the greatest number interested in other people's displays. happy. We will hear from collectors, we will ALTA ENGINEERING CO. The practice of awarding ribbons should be hear from dealers, but we'd especially like to hear from the out-of-the-way places the reaction 915 E. Washington Street eliminated and adequate cash prizes should be substituted. The ribbon situation has sent more of the man out on the desert who has gathered PASADENA 6. CALIFORNIA people home mad than anything else at the some good rock but dislikes going to town. Send shows. We had our own experience along that us your thoughts.

34 THE DESERT MAGAZINE GENUINE ZIRCONS, first quality, unset. 3 stones, total average 3-kts. special value $6.00. All colors. Or will trade zircons for any old gold or broken jewelry you may have. Send order or write for free shipping container. B. Lowe, Dept. D-9, Hol- GEMS AND MINERALS land Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.

MINERAL IDENTIFICATION SIMPLIFIED By O. C. SMITH, A.B., A.M. 2nd Revised Edition Price $3.50 SAN DIEGO SOCIETY PLANS MINERALOGY-GEOLOGY CLASSES Plus Tax in California BALBOA PARK GEM SHOW START IN LOS ANGELES San Diego Mineralogical society will hold a Classes in mineralogy-geology will be held Also the Great New Book gem and mineral show in the State building, in three Los Angeles evening high schools, start- IDENTIFICATION AND Balboa park, San Diego, October 18-19. There ing September 15. The classes will meet at will be ample free parking, and sandwiches and North Hollywood high school on Mondays, QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL cold drinks in the building. The hall will be Hollywood high school on Tuesdays and Thurs- ANALYSIS OF MINERALS open all day Friday for exhibitors to place their days, and Belmont high school, 1575 W. Second By O. C. SMITH, A.B., A.M. displays, and the show hours are from 10:00 street on Wednesdays and Fridays. Hours will 300 minerals, 120 Blowpipe tests, 40 Bead a. m. to 10:00 p. m. on Saturday and from 10:00 be 7:00 to 10:00 p. m. The classes are under tests and the response to Ultra-Violet light direction of the adult education program of the all shown in finest full color. Nothing like it a. m. to 6:00 p. m. on Sunday. ever published before. The Analytical proce- Los Angeles city schools. John Benkart is the dure is the most complete and the simplest Plans call for commercial displays and four instructor. groups of non-commercial exhibits. All those ever devised. Anyone can analyze minerals During the fall term the classes will study now. wishing to advertise or sell minerals or equip- Price $6.50 ment must enter the commercial classification. the principles of geology, origin and occurrence Plus Tax in California Non-commercial divisions are: A. craftsman- of minerals, prospecting methods, and the na- ship, B. mineralogy, C. resources, and D. (all ture and properties of minerals, including labor- Order from — O. C. SMITH - Dept. D atory work in identification and recognition of 5157 Santa Ana St. — Bell, California i other entries) guests. A guard will be in the or Your Local Dealer I exhibit room throughout the show. important types. Interested adults are invited to attend. All requests for space must be in by October 7. Commercial space is 10 by 14 feet with a 3 by 14 foot table, and costs $10.00. Guest space includes any number of 3x14 tables, but no cases are available. Anyone desiring space or further information should write Norman E. Dawson, manager of displays, Route 2, Box 447, San Marcos, California. NEW PORTABLE RADARLITE o • • You have been asking for them—here they are. This completely GEM CLUB ORGANIZED FOR portable ultra-violet source for 3600 ANGSTROM UNITS is the first COASTAL ORANGE COUNTY ever to be offered to the prospector or hobbyist. Size 8x41/2x9". Weight A mineral and lapidary group for the coastal complete with self-contained batteries 8V2 lbs. Entire unit carried by Orange county area was organized at Corona Del Mar July 27 with Lelande Quick as speaker. handle in one hand. Picture sent on request. Can be used as a white Officers of the new organization are: president, light lantern by changing tubss. Complete with Blacklite and White- Howard "Barney" Barnes, Corona Del Mar; lite tubes, and batteries — $19.75 F.O.B. Pasadena. vice-president and program chairman, Bob Neece, Laguna Beach; secretary-treasurer, Mrs. Clayton W. Smith, Corona Del Mar; field trip DID YOU REMEMBER to send 35c for your copy of our NEW 15th ANNIVER- chairman, Erwin Tonne, Costa Mesa; hospital- SARY CATALOG? Due to labor troubles at the printers these were delayed until ity chairman, Mrs. James Benedict, Corona Del August 20th. If you sent for a copy wait until about Sept. 15th before notifying Mar; sales chairman, Braden Finch, Corona Del us that it did not arrive. Please excuse this delay—it was unavoidable. This is a Mar. Fifty-five persons attended the organiza- 52 page catalog 9x12" in size. It is profusely illustrated and contains many ar- tion meeting. ticles of valuable instructions for jewelry making and gem cutting. It contains All phases of the hobby will be included in the most COMPLETE LISTING of EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, and MATERIALS for use the new club's program. There will be study in GEM CUTTING and JEWELRY WORK that has ever been published. Your groups in mineralogy, classes in lapidary and money promptly refunded if you return catalog to us in case it is not of interest. jewelry craft, and a junior group will be sponsored. Regular meetings will be held on the BE SURE TO VISIT OUR SHOP — We have spent the past two third Monday night of every month, with a field trip scheduled during the early part of each months working on new cabinets, mixing cement, and unpacking month. Charter membership will be held open minerals. You just never saw so many specimens in any one place. for 60 days after the September meeting. Pres- 100,000 SPECIMENS ARE A LOT OF ROCKS, but that is what you will ent meeting place is the Baltz mortuary chapel see at our remodelled shop. PLAN A FIELD TRIP to our OUTDOOR in Corona Del Mar. MINERAL DEPARTMENT — you'll see MORE ROCKS THAN ROCKE- The society invitesjany interested persons, or FELLER — YOU'LL HAVE MORE FUN THAN CONEY ISLAND. members of other societies to meet with it.

LAPIDARY EQUIPMENT — SEE ALL THE BEST MAKES AT ONE PLACE — SAN FERNANDO ROCK, GEM NO NEED TO SHOP AROUND. ALL TYPES OF SAW UNITS DEMONSTRATED. EXHIBIT ON OCTOBER 25. 26 We will be pleased to FULLY EXPLAIN just what you need to GET STARTED IN LAPIDARY and ROCK POLISHING. JUST TWO THINGS TO REMEMBER — Annual show of the San Fernando Valley VISIT OUR SHOP AND ORDER OUR NEW HUGE 35c CATALOG. Mineral and Gem society v/ill be held at the North Hollywood Recreation center, 5300 Tu- junga, North Hollywood, October 25-26. Min- erals, gems and jewelry will be on exhibit. Fur- 1633 E. WALNUT STREET ther information may be obtained by writing PASADENA 4, CALIFORNIA Mrs. W. L. Cooper, secretary, 445 W. Cali- GRIEGER'S fornia street, Glendale 3, California.

OCTOBER, 1947 35 MINERAL SPECIMENS: Micro-mount and Thumb-nail sizes; write today for free list. ADVERTISING RATE J. E. Byron, Mining Engineer, 1240 Pearl OEM MART 7c a Word Minimum $1.00 Street, Boulder, Colorado.

MINERAL SPECIMENS, slabs or material by MINERAL COLLECTION, for sale on account CUSTOM CUTTING, POLISHING. Excellent the pound for cutting and polishing, RX of illness. Collection sold as a whole only. Priday Ranch nodules, triple flow bloodstone, Units, Felker Di-Met Saw Blades, Carborun- Also 50 to 75 lbs. of uncut material, Agates obsidian, agate. Walt Bunge, 701 Orange, dum wheels, Cerium Oxide, Preform Cabo- from Arizona, yellow and brown Agate from Santa Ana, California. chons, Indian jewelry, neck chains. Be sure California. Makes beautiful dress buttons. and stop. A. L. Jarvis, Route 2, Box 350, Roy Carson, 45 Eureka St., Pasadena 3, Calif. ATTENTION ROCK COLLECTORS. It will Watsonville, California, 3 miles S. on State Telephone SY. 3-2759. pay you to visit the Ken-Dor Rock Roost. We highway No. 1. buy, sell, or exchange mineral specimens. MANY NEW and beautiful specimens. Just in Visitors are always welcome. Ken-Dor Rock THE DESERT RATS NEST—All gems listed from the field. $2.00 brings you six, all dif- Roost, 419 So. Franklin, Modesto, California. in the March issue still in stock and the fol- ferent. Price list on cutting material and other lowing new arrivals, Australian faced opal, specimens on request. Jack the Rockhound, MINERALS, GEMS, COINS, Bills, Old Glass, dark red and green colors, uncut rough red P. O. Box 86, Carbondale, Colo. Books, Stamps, Fossils, Buttons, Dolls, and green pinfire opal, from Coober Pedy Weapons, Miniatures, Indian Silver Rings field. New parcel of star sapphires, some fine ZIRCONS, White stones, sizes 4mm to 6mm at and Bracelets, Also Mexican. Catalogue 5c. stones, grey color only. Two great tourma- 3 stones for $3.25, postpaid. Agate, etc., cabo- Cowboy Lemley, Las Cruces, New Mexico. line matrix specimens, 2 and 3 pounds wt. chons at $6.00 to $24.00 per dozen. Rough My private collection, 800 pounds museum sawed slabs and rough agate at right prices. MONTANA MOSS Agates in rough for gem specimens. Rose green and bi-color Mesa Bishop's Agate Shop, Maryhill, Wash. cutting, direct from diggings, $1.00 per Grande tourmalines, up to ll/2 in diameter. pound, prepaid. Nels Christofferson, Richey, Finest in the west. In customs fine amethyst Montana. and citrine crystal points. Lots of specimens. BARITE CRYSTALS: Pale blue Barite crystals Geo. W. Chambers, P. O. Box 1123, Encini- from near Sterling, Colo., Read Dana for de- YOUR OPPORTUNITY: We have to move tas, Calif. Home address: Contact Texaco scription. Single terminations 25c, double filling station, on 101 and F Sts. terminations 50c. Minimum order $1.00, and are going to reduce our large stock of Ne- postpaid. W. F. Dukes, Box 531, Golden, vada material. Assorted, agatized and opal- Colo. ized wood, agates, algae, jaspers, geodes, amygdaloids, etc.,. 5 lbs. $2.00, 10 lbs. $3.50, 4 VERY FINE ancient Indian Arrowheads 25 lbs. $7.00. Slabs from this material 10 sq. $1.00. 4 tiny perfect bird arrowheads $1.00. ATTENTION ROCKHOUNDS--Moss Opal- in. $1.00. 50 sq. in. $4.00, 100 sq. in. $7.00. 1 Ancient Stone Tomahawk $1.00. 2 Flint ite, Petrified Wood and Onyx, Multi-Colored Assorted good specimen wood and lots of Skinning Knives $1.00. 1 Large Flint Hoe Opalized Agate in lovely patterns and color good cutting material, 10 lbs. $2.50, 20 lbs. $1.00. 2 Spearheads $1.00. 10 Arrowheads combinations. Fine cutting material, also $4.50, 40 lbs. $8.00. Please include postage from 10 states $1.00. 20 Damaged Arrow- fluoresces various colors, blue, lemon, pink. or we will ship express, charges collect, heads $1.00. 10 Fish Sealers $1.00. 10 Hide Sample order of one pound assorted for One whichever you prefer. John L. James, Tono- Scrapers $1.00. 4 Perfect Saw Edged arrow- Dollar or five pounds Four Dollars. Apache pah, Nevada. heads $1.00. The above 11 offers $10.00 teardrops, amethyst crystals, quartz crystal ge- Postpaid. List free. Lear's, Box 569, Galves- ton, Texas. odes, and thunder eggs. Chalcedony geodes JADE, RHODONITE, Lapiz Lazuli. Try us for and fluorescent chalcedony roses. Any of the above assorted $1 per pound. Orders filled a fine gloss polish on these hard to finish gem stones. Large specimen polishing. Drilling FIFTY MINERAL SPECIMENS, %" or over, same day received. Special prices to dealers boxed, identified, described, mounted. Post- on request. Correspondence invited. Guide any size and quantity. H. M. Samuelson, 1012 El Camino Real, N., Salinas, Calif. paid $4.00. Old Prospector, Box 21A31, service to choice gem locations at a reason- Dutch Flat, Calif. able fee. We positively guarantee abundant supply of quality material. Use your car or MONTANA MOSS AGATES in the rough for ours. Oasis Gem Co., P. O. Box No. 838, gem cutting $1.00 per lb. plus postage. Also 30c GETS YOU LAUCK'S Prospector Guide to Wickenburg, Arizona. Slabbed Agate 25c per sq. in. (Minimum or- identify 185 ore Minerals you should know. der $1.00). Elliott Gem Shop, 26 Jergins Ar- No trip or meeting is complete without this cade, Long Beach 2, California. easy to carry booklet. E. R. Hickey, 2323 So. BEAUTIFUL PETRIFIED PICTURE WOOD Hope, Los Angeles 7, Calif. from Northern Arizona. We think you will FINE PAPERWEIGHTS — Pen mounts, agree with us that we have as beautiful Pic- matched sets, many mineral types. Featuring HIGHEST PRICES for meteorites, iron or stone ture Wood as you have ever seen. This is truly Texas fluorescent turitella. Sent on approval. or any specimen of natural iron (metallic a gem wood of character with a picture in Discount to dealers. Clay Ledbetter, 2126 iron, not iron ore). S. H. Perry, Adrian, every piece. Black Petrified Wood from McKenzie, Waco, Texas. Northern Arizona. Gem quality, really black Mich. takes a high polish. Very limited supply of both picture and black wood so sold only in INDIAN RELICS, Curios, Coins, Minerals, MINERAL SETS—24 Colorful Minerals ( iden- slabs 10 square inches $3.50 or 100 square Books, Old Buttons, Old Glass, Old West tified) in lxl compartments—Postage paid, inches $30.00. Postage prepaid if check with Photos, Weapons, Catalogue 5 c. Lemley An- $3.50. Prospector's Set of 50 Minerals (iden- order. Also cut stones (see below). Chryso- tique Store, Osborne, Kansas. tified in lxl compartments in cloth rein- colla Gem Quality from Miami, Arizona. forced sturdy cartons. Postage paid $5.75. Beautiful robin-egg blue. Sold only in cut ROCK COLLECTORS — ATTENTION. This Elliott's Gem Shop, 26 Jergins Arcade, Long stones (see below). Turquoise of Quality summer I expect to cover 7 Western states, Beach 2, Calif. from Nevada and Arizona from 10c to $1.00 with the Trailer Rock Store. Send me your per karat. Have some blue Gem, Battle address, so I can notify you. Remember, I FLUORESCENT EQUIPMENT and minerals, Mountain, Cortez, etc. Sold only in cut stones carry the finest variety of rock and mineral gorgeous specimens small or large, always at (see below). Cut Stones Wholesale and Re- specimens in the west. The Rockologist, 1152 reasonable prices. Write for further informa- tail. We have excellent stock beautiful cut So. 2nd Ave., Arcadia, Calif. tion if you are interested in u.v. phenomena, stones in Picture Wood, Black Petrified or send $5.00 for sample collection of 10 fine Wood, Chrysocolla and Turquoise for brace- fluorescents 2"x2" postpaid in U. S. Satis- lets, rings, ear-bobs, pins, etc. Send for our FLUORESCENT MINERALS. Tested under short wave Mineralight. Colorado: Brilliant faction guaranteed. H. Stillwell & Son, Rock- current price list. Satisfaction guaranteed or ville Centre, N. Y. money refunded. Steve Hambaugh, Box 332, yellow-orange fluorescent and phosphorescent Wickenburg, Ariz. barite 50c to $2.50. Canada: Phosphorescent gypsum roses 2 for $1.00. Arizona: Scheelite $1.00 upward. Chalcedony roses 3 large or 8 Past-president Porter of the East Bay Min- HAVE PURCHASED the collection of the small $1.00. Postage Extra. MaryAnn Kasey, eral society reports in the club bulletin that late Mr. F. W. Stout, of Oswego, Kansas, Box 230, Prescott, Arizona. many makers of cabochons fall down on their 7000 Indian Artifacts, Egyptian Relics, 5000 final surfacing before polishing. He suggests Minerals from over the world, also plenty of MINERAL AND FOSSIL COLLECTORS! that 500 or 600 grit carborundum powder or Tri-State Minerals, Bulk Ores of Galena, Read The Earth Science Digest, a monthly paper be used to take off the scratches before Sphalerite cleavages, also Xled Tri-States, publication reaching thousands of collectors putting the stone on the buff for polishing. This Dealers welcome. Call and see them. No mail the world over. One year subscription $2.00. will prevent the "orange peel" effect so often orders. Boodle Lane, one mile west of Galena, Sample copy 25c. Write: Dept. D., Box 57, found. For final high gloss he recommends a Kansas, on 66 highway. Omaha 3, Nebraska. little rubbing on a leather buff with tin oxide. 36 THE DESERT MAGAZINE CALIFORNIA CONVENTION DATE Mrs. Jessie Hardman, club member, showed CHANGED TO JULY 16-18 colored slides at the regular August meeting of DEPENDABLE . . . the Long Beach Mineralogical society, held at Date for the 1948 state convention of the Belmont Shore Recreation center, Long Beach. California Federation of Mineralogical societies, Plans for the 1948 state convention of the Cali- Lapidary Equipment to be held in Long Beach, has been changed to fornia Federation of Mineralogical societies, to July 16-18. The convention originally was be held in Long Beach on July 16-18, were dis- • Sartwell Gem Drill scheduled for June, and the change was made cussed and committee assignments for the show • Felker Di-Met Blades so that it would not conflict with the national made. Members, past and present, were request- • RX Lapidary Machine convention of the newly organized National ed to "grab a pick and shovel and get back to • B. 4 I. Gem Maker Federation of Mineralogical societies to be held the diggin's to help with the work." • Mineralighis in Denver that month. Lowell R. Gordon, 1850 • • • • Micro Featherweight Facet Head E. Pacific Coast Highway, Long Beach 6, Cali- • G. & W. Tube Drills fornia, has been named convention chairman. August meeting of the San Diego Miner- • Poly Arbors Information regarding the show may be ob- alogical society was in the form of a beach par- • Alta Products tained from him. ty. The mineralogy section of the club, sponsor- • Allen Facet Head • • • ing the outing, offered a diversified program. • Prestolite Supplies Jack Thompson spoke on the geology of the LONG BEACH SETS FOURTH Send for Latest Price List of Supplies coast line and cliffs of the vicinity. A lottery and Materials ANNUAL SHOW OCTOBER 12 decided which two pebbles picked up on the Fourth annual mineral show of the Long beach would be cut and polished free by the ANNOUNCEMENT . . . craftsmanship division, and identification con- Beach Mineralogical society will be held Oc- We now have the tober 12 in the Machinists' hall, 726 Elm ave- tests were held. Annual meeting and election of nue, Long Beach, California. Exhibits will open officers was planned for September 12. STREAMLINER SAW at 10:30 a. m. and close at 5:30 p. m. The club • • • on Display collection will be on display for the first time Ralph Dietz, president of the NOTS Rock- at the show. Refreshments will be served, and hounds, will resume teaching mineralogy at MAIL ORDERS FILLED PROMPTLY there will be a grab bag and raffles. Fred weekly classes early in September. No definite Open daily 9:30 a. m. to 6:00 p. m. Schmidt is general chairman. dates have been set for the start of the classes, Closed Sundays and Holidays • • • but those interested were to contact Dietz at CHAMBER OF MINES INVITES Box N-690, NOTS, Inyokern, California. GORDON'S COLLECTORS TO EXHIBIT • • • Long Beach Mineral & Lapidary Riverside county chamber of mines has issued Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Allard of Huntington Supply Co. an invitation to dealers and amateur exhibitors Park were guest speakers at the September and collectors in all parts of the country to take meeting of the Southwest Mineralogists. They 1850 E. Pacific Coast Hwy.. Phone 738-56 part in the chamber's second annual gem and showed colored slides of minerals pictured un- LONG BEACH 4. CALIF. mineral show to be held in Riverside, Cali- der natural and fluorescent light. September fornia, November 7-9- Every courtesy will be field trip of the club was to an abandoned borax WILL BE CLOSED FOR VACATION extended to them and their exhibits will be mine on Mt. Pinus near Stauffer, Kern county, AUG. 24 TO SEPT. 8 placed to show to best advantage. Those wish- California. ing to participate in the show are asked to contact Mrs. Retta E. Ewers, 3961 Third street, It's Here! The Riverside, California, and further information New HILLQUIST AUTO-FEED for HILLQUIST DIAMOND will be sent to them. NEW Hillquist SAW TINTT No other power feed like it! (Pats. Pend.) Auto- TRIM SAWI matically adjusts cutting speed to hardness of rock. Foolproof. Gives faster, smoother cut- The only trim saw ting. Pays for itself by increasing with raising and low- AMONG THE life of saw blade. Fits all Hillquist ering arb-or and pre- saw units and many other makes . . . cision feed. Perfect write for information. Only $46.35 for those difficult f. o. b. Hillquist 16" Saw Unit jobs of cutting stars, ROCK HIMTERS shown below complete with Auto-Feed, crosses, etc. Write $143.85. for descriptive folder. Victor Arciniega spoke on "The Origin of Minerals" at the August meeting of the South- west Mineralogists. Mrs. Jeane Lippitt was BEFORE you BUr AW LAPWARV program chairman. Charles Standridge gave a E4(//PMEA/r/t ~~~~i/ Hillquist LAPIDARY UNIT SAIV Mil ... iding, Sanding, DOES EVERYTHING: So' talk on peridot and sardonyx at the club business Cutting and Facet- Polishing. Lopping, SpJ.e. , by amateurs meeting. in-! More then 2,000 lri to 10" can be used. sure ci i_ ""areas c • • • end professionols Sows; WEE CATALOG iclodes 8" "Paint is made from pigments of the earth law, twolapidar-i and is as old as man himself," Gene Kelsh told wheels, all-metal movable Sum the Yavapai Gem and Mineral society of Pres- P- Pres- cott at its August meeting. Another guest at the HILLQUIST LINE meeting was Miss Kate Corey, painter of the OF LAPIDARY EQUIP. Hopi Indians and one of the organizers of the *"5o"fot' Smoki group at Prescott. Miss Corey told of seven years of experience with the Hopi Indians, DRUM SANDER SI 1 0 00 during which time she studied their rites and Fob. with* °"'s "aniL customs and transferred them to canvas. On ex- Speciol design .. hibit at the meeting were one of Miss Cory's Crd ting, $3. Ship. paintings and Hopi pottery which had been rtCdforbo* Wgl I., 100 given to her by the Indians. Joplin minerals were exhibited by Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Michael. s Perfectly molloi •st Super- -, Hillqi: lion (pot. pend ) prevents core from plugging petrified logs, among them three logs of that spec dDiamoi idS owsgivii you more drill Does half hour's work in ten minutes. for /our morley becauseI they last Now you can make beads, buttons, earrings, most ancient of petrified woods, the Ginkgo long er and cut ftliter. Order today bracelets, etc. 1 m del F and see for y our .elf. tree. A sign near the front of the caretaker's ° ;,h "n$ $68.80 with 4 drills Ibi. f.o.b. Crating, lodge gives the age of the trees as about fifty '"'°' T, or SKipp.n Your Bladt scu $1.00. Ship, wgt., ! OI socket or " Wei9hl New million years. 25 lbs. Button discs |Uist LAP UN"' 7' V/l i 4.75 $ 4.00 can be sawed in e Cuts all types of t 8' 5.75 4.75 • • • The r.nest 9\ less than one min- 10 ' 2 7.85 6 85 ute by using pres- Officers of Newport Agate society, Newport, 12 2Vi 9.50 825 sure lever supplied 14 3 11.75 10.00 Oregon, are Harold Printz, president; George 1 with unit. Price, vice-president; Maud Witchey, 322 16 4 13.50 11.50 Brook street, secretary; Claire Smith, treasurer. The group meets second Tuesdays at 6:30 p. m. in the city hall. Potluck dinner precedes busi- r//////yj/ ness meeting. UfACniREPS OFfME GFM-ClirmC FQU/PMENT

OCTOBER, 1947 37 Among the Indian relics found in Dos Cabe- Lee Seabridge, Norwalk, spoke on minerals 20s region of Imperial county, California, are used in paint manufacturing at the July meeting unbroken pieces of pottery, obsidian arrow- of the West Coast Mineral society, at Fullerton heads, pieces of chipped obsidian, sea shells junior college. He explained that there are 2000 and small pieces of colorful common opal and pigments and combinations which make up the feldspar shaped for personal decoration. The variety of paints we use today. Annual potluck opal, garnet and feldspar are found there local- meeting of the society was planned for August ly, but the obsidian is a type not otherwise found 12 at Marion Speer's Western Trails museum in Imperial Valley. near Huntington Beach.

In the August Mineral Notes and News, pub- GENUINE YAVAPAI ONYX . . . lication of the California Federation of Miner- Exclusive Sales Territory Open alogical societies, O. D. Elarton of Salida, Colo- Rough pieces 60c per lb. up to 25 lbs. 40c per rado, reports discovery of a fulgurite on the top lb. up to 50 lbs. 25c per lb. up to 100 lbs. Texas Agates F.O.B. Mayer. Special prices in larger quanti- of a 12,500-foot mountain. The fulgurite, ties. caused when lightning struck the mountain and TOP QUALITY from many Texas loca- Satisfaction Guaranteed — Write Today fused the sand or gravel there, was 6 feet in tions—plume, iris, scenic, picture, fortifi- YAVAPAI ONYX — Mayer Arizona length and 3V2 inches in diameter at its largest cation and mosses in a riot of gay col- point. The composition appeared to be a hard ors and combinations. A choice selection black slag. for $10.00, postpaid. • • • SPECIAL — Minerun agates from our plume beds, 5 lbs. for $4.00, postpaid. THE COTTAGE Canyon City Geology club, of Canyon City, Colorado, is one of the oldest earth science RX, Gem Maker, Highland Park, Felker, 314 Temple Avenue Long Beach 14, Calif. clubs in the state. It was founded in 1928 and Rapidesign and Bay State manufactur- ROCKS — LAPIDARY — ANTIQUES F. C. Kessler, 1020 Macon avenue, has been ings and supplies. Rare old glass and agate marbles and spheres. executive secretary of the organization for the Colorful pen mounts with matching paper EL PASO ROCK & weights. Ideal gifts and not expensive. entire period. About half the members of the Any quantity choice cutting material at club are studying lapidary work under instruc- LAPIDARY SUPPLY reasonable prices. tion of D. L. Flaherty, the course being spon- 2401 Pittsburg St. Phone Main 5338-R sored by the local school board in collaboration with the Colorado state vocational training pro- EL PASO. TEXAS gram. • • • The junior rockhounds of the Yavapai Gem and Mineral society of Prescott presented a rock • Instant indentification of show on September 6-7. The group has been fluorescent minerals INDIAN organized only a year, but it has a large mem- c new beauty in collections bership which has been studying mineralogy TRADING POST seriously. The show was open to the public, ad- Kth MINERALIGHT NAVAJO INDIAN RUGS & JEWELRY mission free, and a large crowd was anticipated. •MB Tom S. Hubbell, 2331 Pico Blvd. • • • Santa Monica, California Riverside County chamber of mines reports that on a recent field trip to the Gavilan Hills, many Indian graves were found. The graves were outlined by oval circles of rocks, with a crudely carved heart-shaped rock either on or near the grave. • Make field trips profitable — find new deposits in the field — see added \RECC beauty in your mineral collection under Ultra Violet light...these are a few of the uses of MINERALIGHT. Of a Rockhound Write for Bulletin No. I> -100- Lapidary Supplies % See you'' Mineralight dealer. By LOUISE EATON for the PRODUCTS, Inc. Evry time rockhouns goes on field Gem Cutting Shop trips an sees road signs mutilated by van- 5205 Sana Monica Blvd., Los Hijeles 27,CaMf dals they gets mor and mor madder an disgusted with folkes what has nuthin Diamond Saws better to do than to destroy. Maybe it amuzes morons to transplant guide posts Grinding Wheels or shoot off what it sed on um, but er- Polishing Wheels roneous direckshuns could lead to seri- WO ous konsequences for peepul who don't FIRE OPAL - MEXICO know desert trails. Watter hoals are uv 10 small pieces—average 1/2""-%" $1.00 konsummit importance on the desert. If 5 larger—average %"-l" 1.00 Abrasive Cloth sumwum duz not know whitch way to 6 still larger—1"-2" or over _ 2.00 Polishing Powders head but is followin signs, and thoz 1 small vial clear fire opal _ _ 1.50 Abrasive Grains signs is rong, he may easily perish uv 50 rough mixed Mexican Opals, VfeKO heat an thirst. Evun automobiles has to including honey, cherry, etc., have watter in hot weather. average 1" 1.50 WRITE FOR COMPLETE LISTING ALL 5 LOTS POSTPAID—$B.OO OF ABOVE ITEMS AND OTHER Report is that sum uv our mineral re- Although these are sold chiefly as VRECO SUPPLIES sources is goin to be xhausted in frum cabinet specimens and have plenty of 1 to 34 years. Or in 111—iron supplies fire, many of them will work up into nice is suppozed to last that mutch longer. cabochons. Why can't scientists stop fussin aroun Money Cheerfully Refunded if Not with atom power for destructive pur- Entirely Satisfactory. VREELAND poses an konsentrate on findin sum method uv xtractin the 175 million tunz Polished Mexican Opals and other MANUFACTURING CO. uv chemical compounds estimated to be gem stone cabochons on approval to in evry cubic mile of ocean watter. Yu responsible persons. 2026 S. W. Jefferson Street could get a lotta gold, silver, nickel, ra- PORTLAND 1, OREGON dium or iodine out uv the 7 seas. DR. RALPH E. MUELLER 3701 Valentine Road Kansas City 2, Mo.

38 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Oregon beaches during the months of June, July and August soon become anything but HEIRLOOMS OF THE FUTURE ... MINERAL RARITIES places for finding the beautiful Oregon beach Marvin's fine handicrafted sterling agates. Heavy waves and high tides, during Agatized Sea Clam those months, cover the beaches with coatings silver jewelry. Among the rare finds on the northwest of fine sand many feet thick. The sandy beaches MARVIN'S ROCK SHOP coast of the United States is the little, are as smooth and even as any in the world and tJ. S. Highways 160 4 550, Durango, Colo. completely agatized shell of a sea clam. become excellent playgrounds. When the rough Visitors Always Welcome Often a mold is formed by agate or chal- storms of the winter months come along, they cedony completely filling the small shell, remove the sand and scatter agates, jasper, water and taking every detail of the shape of agates, sagenite and numerous other specimens the shell, even that of a perfect hinge on which make Oregon beaches famous. February the larger edge. In time, the fragile shell and March are the best months for picking. disappears entirely, leaving what is ap- • • • AGATE JEWELRY parently a perfect shell formed of clear, In Biblical days, according to the bulletin of colorless agate. Occasionally, one of these the San Jose Lapidary society, all blue stones WHOLESALE shows a cavity almost filled with water, were called sapphires. Later the name was re- and a movable water bubble. stricted to the hard, transparent blue stones from the Orient. With the advent of chemistry the PACIFIC AGATE SHOP name corundum was applied to the sapphire and to non-jewelry stones, such as emery, of the same O. R. Junkins 5 Son A recent field trip of the Mineralogical So- chemical composition. Sapphires are found in Box 1483 Newport. Oregon ciety of Utah was to the Yankee mine in Ameri- almost every possible color, including blue- can Fork canyon, where pyrite crystals were green, purple and orange. The Kashmir sap- collected. phire is a cornflower blue, the Ceylon is lighter • • • with a tendency toward reddish-blue under ar- Marion Speers' Western Trails museum near tificial light. Australian sapphire is dark blue Huntington Beach was the goal of the July field with a greenish tinge, Montana sapphire light trip of the Pacific Mineral society of Los An- steel blue, quite reddish in artificial light. Sap- geles. phire is the birthstone for September. • • • « • • Gerald Smith, of Bloomington, spoke at the August meeting of the Orange Belt Mineralogi- The convention of the Midwest Federation cal society, held at Mrs. Belva Gunter's home in of Geological sociedes was held in Detroit Au- Yucaipa. He discussed the archeology of San gust 23-25. Bernardino valley. July meeting of the group • • • was at Sylvan park, Redlands, with 90 members The Pick and Dop Stick, publication of the and friends present. Chicago Rocks and Minerals society has a dis- • * * cussion of meteorites in its August issue. About Rocky Mountain Federation of Mineralogical a million meteorites reach the earth every year, societies is sponsoring contests in several it says, but most of them fall into the oceans. Of classes of mineral exhibition for members of the known meteorites, about 90 per cent are federation societies. The federation will pro- made of rock materials like volcanic ash and vide ribbon awards in five classes with four sand, and contain spherical shot-like bodies places in each class. Purpose is to encourage known as chondrules. These are the stony me- collecting and general knowledge of minerals or teorites or aerolites and, when crystalline, are related materials, their preparation for mount- difficult to distinguish from our earth rocks. A ing, labeling, etc. Individual societies will set rare type of meteorite is made of dark minerals FACETING HEAD . . . Price $36.75 meshed in a spongy network of light-colored al- dates for competition and make arrangemenrs loys of nickel and iron. These stony-iron mete- The Allen Line for classes used and for showing and judging. orites are known as siderolites. • • • SLAB SAWS — TRIM SAWS A picnic was held at the Johnny Hart me- • • • GRINDER UNITS — FACETING UNITS morial park on the Kern river as the July meet- Carson City Mineral society has been organ- SUPPLIES ing of Kern County Mineral society. Exposures ized at Carson City, Nevada. It will meet on the Ask Your Dealer or Write Direct of the upper middle Miocene occur at the park, fourth Wednesday of each month in the board and are excavated by fossil hunters for the room of the state department of education in ALLEN LAPIDARY shark's teeth which have been found there. the capitol building. Secretary of the new group, EQUIPMENT CO. which has joined the California Federation of 3632 W. Slauson Ave. Mineralogical societies, is Eva G. Gillen, Stew- Los Angeles 43, California Gold Mining Operation art, Nevada. Wanted Where water is scarce and transportation of ore too costly—50-50 basis. Have $65,000 patent protected equipment ad- HERE ARE THE G/FTS justed to mill and concentrate gold bearing pyrite or free milling gold in quartz. YOU'VE BEEN L00K/N0 FOR! — HIGH SPEED DRY PROCESS — Petrified Wood, Moss Agate, Chrysocolla, One ton per hour capacity, 3 inch mesh to powdered concentrate in one pass. Concen- Turquoise, Jade and Jasper Jewelry trates run 3 to 1 to 25 to 1. Have New York and Chicago Mining authori- HAND MADE IN STERLING SILVER ties' report on process. Prefer dealing with large corporation having Bracelets, Rings, Necklaces, Earrings unprofitable properties or responsible organization interested in a profitable operation. and Brooches Mine owner to pay transportation and minor costs—also furnish 2 men to unload and set SPECIALLY SELECTED STONES WITH portable equipment. CHOICE COLORS AND PICTURES Diesel Electric Power unit and all equipment mounted on K-6 International Truck and Write for Folder with Retail Prices Fruehauf Trailer. We Wholesale to Dealers Operation possible in 10 to 30 days after ar- rival. Larger units available to order. ELLIOTT'S GEM SHOP RESEARCH DIVISION 26 Jergins Arcade Long Beach 2, Calif. HACK MACHINE CO. Entrance Subway at Ocean and Pine Open 10 A. M. to 10 P. M. Daily DES PLAINES, ILL.

OCTOBER, 1947 39 Fallon Rock and Gem club planned to spon- FOUR CORNERS CLUB REPORTS Asa Anderson is president of the Texas Min- sor a booth at the Nevada state fair, August 30- 4000 ATTEND FIRST SHOW eral society, Dallas, R. C. Mclver is vice-presi- September 1, which would be devoted to an ex- dent and Ralph Churchill, 1007 Ft. Worth ave- hibit of rocks and precious stones owned by the Four Corners Rock club reports that in ex- nue, Dallas, is secretary-treasurer. members. Mrs. Harry Ringstrom was chairman cess of 4000 persons registered at their first of the project. Ben Baird, builder of lapidary rock show held at Durango, Colorado, in con- equipment, was speaker at the July meeting of junction with the annual Spanish Trails fiesta. Colorado Mineral society held a field trip in the club. A table of saleable or exchangeable The show had four commercial entries, 20 dis- the Gunnison area, July 4-6. Members obtained rocks is a new feature at club meetings. plays entered by rockhounds, and 20 unrelated tourmaline and lepidolite mica at the Brown hobby displays. A native gold ore exhibit valued Derby mine, near Ohio City, where Mr. Field, at $8000 was shown, and there was a $6000 col- the owner, served as guide. Members also tried The use of mineral stones for personal adorn- lection of Navajo and Mexican rugs. Also ex- trout fishing, visited the museum of the West- ment began almost with the history of man, Earl hibited were collections of Rev. Homer E. Root ern State college, saw an exhibit of southwest- A. Knie told a recent meeting of the Pomona and Zeke Flora, San Juan basin archeologists. ern paintings by Earl Hammock and enjoyed a fireworks program staged by Bill Enders. Valley Mineral club. Archeologists working in The club constructed a float which won sec- all parts of the world have discovered colored ond place in the club section in the 50-float pa- • • • stones of many hues and patterns whose use rade of the Spanish Trails fiesta. The Four Cor- Norman Whitmore, graduate of the Colorado was undeniably ornamental. Prehistoric people ners Rock club was organized in January, 1947. of whose existence we have only fragmentary School of Mines and owner of a Los Angeles Since that time, field trips have taken them into assaying office, outlined modern ways of pros- knowledge used beads, pendants, necklaces and Arizona, New Mexico, Utah and many parts of pecting at the August meeting of the Pacific other bits of crude jewelry made from the same Colorado. Mineral society of Los Angeles, held in the minerals, in the rough, from which we cut our • • • Chancellor hotel. Equipment needed for actual glittering faceted gems and cabochons. field work still is very simple, according to • • • Searles Lake Gem and Mineral society will hold a joint meeting with the Sequoia Mineral Whitmore—a steel-handled pick, a hand lens September meeting of the Sequoia Mineral so- society October 11-13, Clark Mills, president of and a great horn spoon being the essentials. ciety was a picnic meeting at Selma on Sept. 6. the Trona group announced. The Sequoia club With these the prospector can obtain his sample, There was no formal program, but members will arrive and camp at Valley Wells on Fri- examine it, crush it, and pan it out. But many gave resumes of their summer collecting. In day. The group will be guided on field trips in new devices, such as aerial mapping, the mag- July field trips, the club collected vesuvianite, the vicinity of Trona on Saturday, and will at- netometer, and helicopter will aid his work. bornite, pink and white calcite, malachite, Field trip for the society for August was to the tend the joint meeting at the Trona club Sat- Kaiser steel mills at Fontana where members limonite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, caledonite, chal- urday night. The meeting will take the place of cocite and quartz crystals at the Ludwig mine, saw open hearth furnaces, rolling mills and the regular Searles Lake society meeting. Sun- coke ovens. Nevada, and toured the old mining camp of day the visitors will be guided on another field Virginia City. trip. August meeting of the club was held at • • • Bonewit's ranch in Indian Wells valley, with When the vocational education department Mr. and Mrs. Harry Jewell in charge. July field of the state of Nevada conducted an eight- trip was to Mitchell's caverns but, due to high weeks lapidary course, early in 1947, students temperatures, only a few members took part. became so interested that they formed the Car- RX • • • son City Mineral society. There are 35 members Member C. D. Heaton, geologist formerly of the club at present, and several already have THE COMPLETE LAPIDARY SHOP with the Colorado School of Mines, told the Au- acquired their own lapidary equipment. Offi- gust meeting of Santa Monica Gemological so- cers of the new organization are: president, Or- ciety of finding an enthusiastic rockhound in vis E. Reil; vice-president, Thomas W. Robin- Dawson City, Alaska. The hobbyist, whom son; secretary-treasurer, Eva G. Gillen; direc- Heaton met on a 9500-mile vacation trip, had tors, Frank E. Garaventa, Walter C. Wilson, a well-equipped lapidary shop and a good col- Philip A. Harper. The group has joined the lection of mineral specimens featuring gold California Federation of Mineralogical societies nuggets. Mrs. Doris Baur reported to the meet- and is planning field trips as soon as the weather ing that there was a growing interest in the cools. campaign to rid California highways of un- • • • sightly advertising signs. The club's July field Orange Belt Mineralogical society is planning trip to Malibu beach, because of high tides, de- a rock and mineral show to be held at the Na- veloped into a picnic. tional Orange Show building in San Bernar- • • • dino, November 8-9- East Bay Mineral society, Oakland, Cali- fornia, resumed activities with a "get-together" discussion on September 4. A birthday dinner was held on September 22. New officers of the SUBSCRIBE TO organization are: president, Dr. Francis T. Jones; vice-president, Ernest M. Stone; secretary, Millard V. Moore; treasurer, Gerald H. Smith; corresponding secretary, Don E. Cam- Hoofs and Horns eron; librarian, Mrs. Olive Lewis; historian, George Higson; directors, George Higson, Carl To Keep Abreast of the RODEO Douglass, R. E. Carpenter. Address of the club GAME and its HAPPENINGS— is Post Office Box 1196, Oakland, California. Meetings are held in the auditorium of Lincoln Its news about Rodeos and Roundups The MODEL 47 RX takes the place of 3 is the most authoritative of any pub- or 4 separate machines and requires school, 11th and Jackson streets, and visitors lished in America. Rodeo Association only 20x30 inches of space. are welcome. bulletin and Cowboy's Turtle Associa- tion news are published monthly. Has coarse and fine grinding wheels, al- • • • Those who enjoy poetry of the Old ways running. A sanding disc—Two flat The Mineralogical Society of Arizona will West will revel in the abundance of laps—A final polishing wheel. All regu- resume meetings on October 2, and continue to truly typical poetry that appears in lar equipment. Wheels changed for dif- meet at 8:00 p. m. on the first and third Thurs- each issue of Hoofs and Horns. You'll ferent operations in seconds. 12" Dia- days of each month through May. The club has like Hoofs and Horns! mond Saw capacity. no permanent meeting place at present and the Each issue is generously illustrated first meeting is tentatively scheduled for the with pictures of the people and places Emerson school. Informal gatherings have been that are important to the current and PRICE $137.50 past history of the Range country. F.O.B. TORRANCE held once a month through the summer. Don't miss a single copy! • • • 12" Diamond Saw Blade and Motor Subscription Rates not included in price First authenticated occurrence of wavellite in Arizona is at the Castle Dome mine. Rockhound 1 YEAR $2.00 2 YEARS $3.50 See Your Lapidary Dealer or Record, bulletin of the Mineralogical Society of 3 YEARS $4.S0 S YEARS $7.50 Write for Circular A Arizona, reports that it occurs as a druzy coating MONEY MUST ACCOMPANY THIS ORDER of minute crystals dark grey, almost black, in color. Wavellite is an aluminum phosphate and SEND NAME AND ADDRESS TO RX LABORATORY usually is found in slender, greenish crystals HOOFS and HORNS 1143 Post Ave. Torrance, Calif. which radiate from a common center to form spherulites. P. O. Box 790 Tucson, Arizona

40 THE DESERT MAGAZINE According to the Nebraska Mineralogy and ARIZONA FAIR WILL FEATURE Gem club, while Nebraska has a geology of COMPETITIVE MINERAL SHOW great scientific interest, stones of gem quality are hard to find. Streams which cut through Arizona's first open competitive mineral ex- Mountings to Order glacial deposits carry some workable material, hibit will be a part of the program at the Ari- Casting service for the Lapidary who and screening piles at sand pits around Omaha zona state fair held at Phoenix, November 7-18. wants something Special. Ring mount- yield many jaspers, a little chalcedony and some The exhibit will be held on the main floor of ings and stone set belt buckles individu- fragments of petrified wood. Specimens of good the mineral building. Due to lack of space, en- ally designed for the better stones. Your quality and interesting color, however, seldom tries in competition this year will be limited to designs followed or I will make a mount- are found. residents of Arizona. Special emphasis will be ing in whatever style you choose. Gold • • • given to exhibits by the grade schools. Any Ari- and Silver. Traces of platinum have been observed in the zona grade school can enter one exhibit of not sands at Kane Springs, Kern county, California. more than 25 specimens. In addition to the us- No catalog but a letter will bring • • o ual ribbons offered by the fair commission, the details Promptly Phelps Dodge corporation has provided a per- The area in which Wyoming jade is found is petual trophy in the form of a plaque which ROBERT H. KIZER said to range downward from the Green moun- will be awarded to the school having the out- 406 Bay Bldg. Seattle 1, Washington tains to Independence Rock, and to be 50 miles standing exhibit. Name of the winning school wide at its greatest breadth. The jade is hard to and year will be engraved on the trophy and the locate, most of it being crusted over with a grey- school will keep it until the next fair, when it ish brown "rind" that hides the green and black will be re-awarded. of the gem material. • • • High school students may make one entry in New officers of the Monterey Bay Mineral either or both of two classes: 1, 10 cabinet society are: president, A. W. Flippin; vice- specimens; 2, one standard box of thumbnail president, Dr. K. W. Blaycock; secretary, Mrs. specimens. Two standard boxes of 24 specimens V. L. Fraser; director, H. W. Powers. T. G. may be entered in place of the one box of 50 Emmons is past-president. The club celebrated thumbnails. Four classes are open to adults: 1, its second anniversary with a potluck supper 10 cabinet specimens; 2, one box of 50 or two and movie. Membership now is 82. boxes of 24 thumbnails; 3, 25 cabochons; 4, 10 • • • polished slabs. There will be no fees for entries in the min- San Luis Obispo Gem and Mineral club, or- eral department, and three ribbons will be 6" HIGH-SPEED TRIMMING SAW. AH cast ganized in March, 1947, has become a member metal. No wood. This saw saves time and ma- awarded in each class exhibited. A. L. Flagg, terial. Saw operates at 2000 R.P.M. Priced at of the California Federation of Mineralogical president of the Mineralogical Society of Ari- $47.50 without motor, F.O.B., Los Angeles, societies. The club now has 29 members. It has zona, is superintendent of the mineral depart- Calif. This price includes saw-blade, belt and held three field trips during the summer; one pulley to give you the correct speed. Requires ment of the state fair. Vi -horse motor. Shipping weight approxi- to the Templeton district for agate nodules, one mately 60 pounds. to Soda lake where thenardite crystals were collected, and one in search of Monterey jade. • • • DEALERS ORGANIZE TO Highland Park Lapidary Supply STAGE EXHIBITIONS 1009 Mission St., South Pasadena. Calif. Mineralogical Society of Utah's August field trip was to the Brighton area in the Wasatch Following the precedent recently established mountains, where ludwigite was collected. by the mineral federations when they amalga- • • • mated as a national organization, a group of SLABS FOR . . . September marked the end of the first year's mineral and lapidary dealers have set up the nu- trial of society division, by the San Diego Min- cleus for a nation-wide trade organization to be eralogical society. Division membership at that known as National Mineral, Gem and Lapi- CABOCHON'S-Jewe/ry time was: mineralogy, 95; craftsmanship, 71; dary Dealers' association. 1—Golden Tiger Eye $1.00 2—Idaho Moss Agate 75c to $1.50 mineral resources, 19. Total club membership Manager Edward Lang of Santa Monica out- 3—Idaho Quality Jasper 50c to $1.00 is 185. lined the plans of the new association as fol- 4—Utah Red Agate $1.00 to $2.00 lows: "We will hold semi-annual exhibitions 5—Utah Flowering Obsidian ....75c to $1.25 • • • 6—Montana Agate 75c to $1.50 Property owners at Gem Village,'rockhound in localities easy of access for our customers, 7—Golden Glow, Silver Froth or colony near Bayfield, Colorado, have organized and we hope to stimulate great interest in the Red and Black Obsidian 75c as the Gem Village Land Owners association, art of lapidary. The association will proceed un- 8—$6.00 mixed selection of above $5.25 der competent leadership to encourage the pro- 9—$6.00 mixed Montana Agate slabs $5.23 with Russell Purceil as chairman, S. N. Green, 10—Unpolished scenic and secretary-treasurer. Permanent population of gress of the mineral crafts in every legitimate Moss Thunder Eggs, each $1.00 the village now is 25, with a number of sum- direction. Dealers will be provided with ade- FOR RESALE — Ladies' rings, Lavallieres, mer residents in addition. Frank Morris, the quate space in which to display their merchan- Brooches and Hearts, also Men's Rings, ap- founder, has sold 50 residential lots and many dise. It is hoped to announce the first exhibi- proval selections by request. tion in the near future." Ring mounting, Men's Sterling Silver, 3 for ranch plots; nine homes are constructed and $5.75, Men's Sterling with gold trim, 3 for three being built. Dealers interested in membership should ad- $7.50. Ladies' Sterling Silver Ring with 10K • • • dress National Mineral, Gem and Lapidary Gold trim, 3 for $6.50. Silver in the pure state is too soft to be Dealers' association, P. O. Box 1195, Santa SWENSON'S AGATE SHOP widely used for jewelry. It is alloyed, usually Monica, California. 5114 S. E. 39th Ave. Portland 2, Oregon with copper, to harden it. Sterling silver con- « • • sists of 92.5 per cent pure silver, 7.5 per cent copper. Silver coins of the United States con- Willemite, a zinc silicate sufficiently abun- tain 90 per cent silver, 10 per cent copper. dant to be a zinc ore at some localities, has been found in clear, pale yellow crystals at Franklin Furnace, New Jersey. • • • FINE INDIAN JEWELRY Specializing Arthur Sanger reports, in the Pick and Dop Old Pawn Collectcr's Items Stick, bulletin of the Chicago Rocks and Min- erals society, that most of the jade imported into DAVID H. HOWELL China in recent years still is stored in Chinese 473 No. Main St. Pomona, Calif. coastal cities. Reasons given were the high WHOLESALE RETAIL wages demanded by Chinese carvers and cha- Mail Orders — Inquiries Solicited otic economic conditions in the country. Sanger believes that the carvers will not go back to starvation wages, but will agree to the introduction, on a limited scale, of modern lapidary tools IMPORTED GEMS . . . in return for an improved standard of living. We are direct importers. Send for free price list of more than 30 varieties of uem • • • rough for facet and cabochon cutters. Cheyenne Geology club of Cheyenne, Wyom- LIONEL DAY ing, meets the first Friday of each month and its Dept. DM president, D. L. LaBreche, 1616 Warren ave- SEND FOR LITERATURE TO 3S60 Broadway New York 31, N. Y. nue, invites all rockhounds to attend and get LAPIDARY ENGINEERS acquainted with the members. REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA

OCTOBER, 1947 41 DESERT MAGAZINE NOVEMBER, 1946 EL CENTRO, CALIF. TENTH VOLUME INDEX TO OCTOBER, 1947

tionary of California Land Names, Feb 47 Capitol Reef natl. mon., Utah Feb 47 plO p37; Hersch, The Seven Cities of Gold, Dec Carrizo Gorge palms, Calif Apr 47 pl9 46 p39; Hilton, Sonora Sketch Book, Apr 47 Carson, Kit Jun 47 pl6 Abernathy, Jess Apr 47 p27 p47; Johnson, Scenic Guide to Southern Cali- Carson City Daily Appeal Jan 47 p28 Acoma, New Mexico Jan 47 p9 fornia, Feb 47 p37; Kluckhohn and Leigh- Cassell, Richard L. Author of— Adams, Aries Feb 47 pl9 ton, The Navaho, Mar 47 p47; Kraft, Ad- Apr 47 pi9, Jun 47 p21 venture in Jade, Jul 47 p47; Lomax, Adven- His Hiss Is Just a Bluff Mar 47 p26 Adams, Dr. Lytle S Apr 47 p32 tures of a Ballad Hunter, May 47 p47; Lump- His Protection— Afton canyon, Calif Dec 46 p22 kins, Modern Spanish-Pueblo Homes, Nov Speed and Color Apr 47 p23 Agua Caliente springs, Calif Jul 47 p4 46 p36; McWilliams, Southern California 'Little Old Man of the Sands' May 47 p9 Agua Prieta, Mexico Apr 47 p32 Country, Mar 47 p47; Marshall, Santa Fe, Long-tailed Denizen of Ajo, Arizona Sep 47 pl9 Nov 46 p3<5; Miles, Three Pals on the Des- the Desert Aug 47 pl4 Ajo Copper News Aug 47 p33 ert, Feb 47 p37; Morgan, The Great Salt "The Castle," Mojave desert Dec 46 p27 All-American canal .... Apr 47 p33, Oct 47 p31 Lake, Aug 47 p47; Rittenhouse, Guidebook Chaffin, Arthur Nov 46 p27, Feb 47 plO Alta, Utah Oct 47 p33 to Highway 66, Jan 47 p23; Muench, West Chocolate Mts., Calif Jun 47 p27 Amateur Gem Cutter, Coast Portrait, Mar 47 p47; Palmer, Pahute Chuckawalla Mts., Calif May 47 p25 by Lelande Quick Each issue Indian Legends, Jun 47 p47; Psxton, Desert Churchfield, Mr Sep 47 p5 American Federation of Mineralogies] Peace, Mar 47 p47; Pearce and Thomason Cibola, Seven Cities of Mar 47 p22 societies Aug 47 p39, Oct 47 pl9 (Eds.), Southwesterners Write, Jul 47 p47; Clark, Addison N. My Friend Bill, American Meteorite museum Dec 46 p24 Putnam, Death Valley and Its Country, Jan the Kingsnake Jan 47 p8 May 47 p5 47 p23; Smith, Handbook of Lizards, jan 47 Clarkdale, Arizona Aug 47 p33 American Potash & Chemical p23; Smith, Identification & Qualitative An- The Climate of Arizona Oct 47 p47 corp May 47 p46, Jun 47 pl4 alysis of Minerals, May 47 p47; Storz, Mexi- Clinton, H. G Dec 46 p23 Ancient Landscapes of the can Spanish, Jun 47 p47; Vestal, Jim Bridger, Coburn, Walt Aug 47 plO Grand Canyon Region Oct 47 p47 Mountain Man, Feb 47 p37; Waters, The Cochise Stronghold, Arizona Feb 47 p5 Anderson, Helen Ashley. Rock Hunter in Colorado, Dec 46 p39; White, Dust on the Coffey, Frank Jan 47 p4 Sawatch Range Jan 47 pi 3 King's Highway, Aug 47 p47; Johnson, Cohoon, Burton A May 47 p25 Andreas canyon, Calif Nov 46 p39 Scenic Guide to Utah, Oct 47 p47; Yeager, Cole, Jim Mar 47 p31 Apache turquoise mines Feb 47 p5 Introduction to Your Western National Collins, John Nov 46 p8 Arizona City, Arizona .... Jan 47 p4, Apr 47 p31 Parks, Oct 47 p47. Colorado river, crossings Feb 47 plO Arizona Power company Aug 47 p5 Borg, Oscar Carl Jul 47 p33 May 47 plO Around Hogan Fires Sep 47 p46 Borrego valley, Calif Nov 46 p8, Oct 47 p31 Colorado river, expeditions Dec 46 p5 Atomic energy Jul 47 p46 Apr 47 p31, Aug 47 pl3, Sep 47 p46 Atwater, Barry Oct 47 p24 Botany {see also Cactus, Palm Oases, Colorado river, ferries Feb 47 plO Aurora, Nevada Jul 47 plO Plantlife)— Colorado river, petroglyphs Aug 47 p24 Autry, Gene Aug 47 plO Cancer-root Oct 47 pl8 Colton, Dr. Harold S Nov 46 pll Averitt, Beej and Paul. Chinese Pusley Sep 47 p46 Mastodon of Moab Aug 47 p24 (Wild Heliotrope) Jan 47 pl9 "Cooganite" Jun 47 p6 Desert Alyssum (Lepidium) Apr 47 pl7 Corbett, Harry and Gillia Aug 47 p5 Dodder (Cuscuta) Feb 47 pl6 Corn Springs oasis, Calif Mar 47 p28 B Horehound (Marrubium) Dec 46 pl8 Courtland, Arizona Feb 47 p5 Lilac Sunbonnets (Langloisia) .... Sep 47 p31 Courtney, Cottam. Stone that Poppies (Eschscholtzia) Jul 47 p27 "Baby of the Desert" Jan 47 p22 Flashes Fire Apr 47 p27 Snnd food Oct 47 pl8 Feb 47 pl8, Apr 47 p31 Cover, Tom Nov 46 p8 White sage (Salvia apiana) Dec 46 pl8 Craig, Dorothy Oct 47 pl9 Ballarat, Calif Oct 47 p31 Wild Rhubarb (Rumex) Feb 47 pl5 Banded Burrowing snake Oct 47 pl4 Cree, Clyde and Junior Jul 47 p23 Banner Queen guest ranch, Calif Apr 47 plO Boulder dam Jul 47 p8, Aug 47 p46 Cressman, Dr. L. S Sep 47 p26 Barnes, A. W Mar 47 p22 Bow Willow canyon, Calif Jan 47 p22 Crocker, Thomas Dec 46 pl5 Barnes, Howard M Nov 46 p8 Mar 47 p28 Crosby, Bing Oct 47 p32 Barnes, Robert A Mar 47 pp3,22 Bradshaw stage route Jan 47 p4 Cross, Eddie Dec 46 p20 The Baron of Arizona Jul 47 p31 Braun, Fr. Albert W Feb 47 p28 Crowley, Father John J Oct 47 p5 Basic Magnesium plant, Nev Jan 47 p27 Bright Angel trail Oct 47 p29 Cummings, Byron Jul 47 p34 Bead making Dec 46 p30 Brooks, Norman May 47 p25 Beal, Mary. Author of— Brown, Dr. Barnum Nov 46 pl9 Bullfrog mine Dec 46 p20 D Heliotrope Wildlings Jan 47 pl9 Buranek, Alfred M Oct 47 pl9 Wild Pie Plant Feb 47 pl5 Bush, Justus W Feb 47 p25 Daily New Mexican Feb 47 p28 Fremont's Pepper-grass Apr 47 pl7 Dandy Crossing, Colorado river .... Nov 46 p27 Golden Desert Poppies Jul 47 p27 Butcher, Harold. He Saved the Life of a Savage - Apr 47 p24 Feb 47 plO Floral Butterflies and Sunbonnets of Dark Canyon expedition, Utah Dec 46 p5 the Desert Sep 47 p31 Butterfield stage road Apr 47 pl9 Byrne, Cathrine Oct 47 p5 Davis, Charles E Dec 46 pll These Plants Sponge Vpon Davis, Stanley G. Ghost City of the Their Neighbors Oct 47 pl8 White Hills Jan 47 pl6 Bear Creek oasis, Calif Sep 47 pll Davis dam Nov 46 p23, Apr 47 p35 Bell ranch, N. Mex Dec 46 p23. Sep 47 p37 Jun 47 p31, Jul 47 p34 Bennett, Tyler Mar 47 p28 De Anza, Juan Bautista '. Jun 47 p21 "Big Inch" gas pipeline Nov 46 p23 Cabazon, Cahuilla Indian chief Jan 47 p4 Death Comes for the Archbishop Jan 47 p9 Aug 47 p34 Cactus, as source of water Aug 47 p29 Death Valley, Calif Oct 47 p5 Billy el Nino Oct 47 p33 Cactus, as water clarifier Apr 47 p30 Death Valley, prospecting in May 47 p46 Bishop, Calif Oct 47 p5 Jun 47 p35, Jul 47 p29 Delgadito, Herrero Sep 47 p5 Bishop, Josie S Jul 47 p30 Cactus, cholla - Sep 47 p30 De Niza, Marcos Mar 47 p22 Black Hills, Calif May 47 p25 Cactus, senita Feb 47 pl9 Dennington, Pat May 47 p21 Blood of Kings - Jan 47 p23 Jun 47 p21, Oct 47 pi Dennis and the Mormon Battalion .. Dec 46 p39 Bluff, Utah - May 47 plO Cadman, Charles Wakefield Jul 47 pl4 Desert Crested iguana Nov 46 p39 Bodie, California __ Jul 47 plO Calexico Winter Festival asso Mrr 47 p46 Desert hiking Oct 47 pl5 Calico, Calif - Jan 47 p24 Book Reviews— Desert Magazine, new location Nov 46 p38 Camels, in Southwest Feb 47 p25 Desert museum, Randsburg Oct 47 p31 Ainsworth, Eagles Fly West, Apr 47 p47; Sep 47 pl9 Desert Padre Oct 47 p5 Arnold, Blood Brother, Jun 47 p47; Bond, Camino del Diablo Sep 47 pl9 Desert tea (Ephedra) Sep 47 p30 Westward How, Aug 47 p47; Calvin, River Camp Irwin, Calif Sep 47 p34 Desert tortoises Dec 46 pl5 of the Sun, Jul 47 p47; Corle, Listen, Bright Camp Verde, Arizona Aug 47 p5 Angel, Nov 46 p36; Edwards, Desert Yarns, Campbell, Everett and Lena Nov 46 pl7 Desert Watering Places in Mar 47 p47; Ferguson, Mark Twain, Man Campfires on Desert and Lava Aug 47 p29 California and. Nevada Jan 47 p4 and Legend, Feb 47 p37; Hanna, The Die- Canyon Country Oct 47 pl6 Devilsclaw (Martynia) Jan 47 p22

42 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Diary of Patrick Breen Nov 46 p36 Yttrotantalite Apr 47 p43 Hilton, John. Author of— Dinosaur natl. mon., Utah Oct 47 p33 Zircons Apr 47 p44 Star-dust Hunter May 47 p5 Dinosaurs Sep 47 p36 Gems and Precious Stones of Gems From a Hidden Paradise .... Jun 47 pi 1 Dixon, Maynard Jan 47 p25 Artist of Dos Palmas Oct 47 p24 Dodge, Henry Chee Mar 47 p8 North America Oct 47 pl9 May 47 p36, June 47 pl6 General land offices Aug 47 p21 Hite, Cass Feb 47 plO Dodge, Capt. Henry Lafayette Nov 46 p4 Geodes (see Gems and minerals: Collecting) Hite river ferry Donner party Dec 46 pll, Jan 47 p29 Ghost mt., Calif Oct 47 pl5 (Dandy crossing) Nov 46 p27 Dos Cabezas, Arizona Oct 47 p29 Ghost towns— Hoff, Amos Sep 47 p33 Dos Palmas, Calif Jan 47 p4, Oct 47 p24 Hogan, Navajo May 47 pl5, Oct 47 p9 Aurora, Nevada Jul 47 plO Hole-in-the-Rock crossing, Dragerton, Utah Mar 47 p35, Apr 47 p37 Courtland, Arizona Feb 47 p5 Dragoon Mts., Arizona Feb 47 p5 Colorado river May 47 plO Osceola, Nevada Sep 47 p36 Homesteads, Arizona (see also Dreyer, "Mother" Margaret May 47 p35 Rawhide, Nevada Jun 47 p6 Drum mts., Utah Oct 47 pl9 Five-acre homesteads) Jul 47 p28 Santo Domingo, Mexico Sep 47 pl9 Hoofs and Horns magazine Aug 47 plO "Dry ice rain" Sep 47 p33 White Hills, Arizona Jan 47 pl6 Dyk, Walter Oct 47 p32 Hoover dam Jul 47 p8, Aug 47 p46 Gila reclamation project Oct 47 p29 Hopi snake dance Aug 47 pl5 Gilbert, Hope. Tsianina Speaks for Hopkins, Ethel "Ma" Aug 47 plO Horses, miniature Dec 46 p25 the Indians Jul 47 pl4 Howard, Chester R Oct 47 pl9 Givens, Frank R Mar 47 p31 Hubbell, Lorenzo Nov 46 p39 East Mesa reclamation project, Gladiola farm Jul 47 pl7 Hughes, Dr. J. E Nov 46 pll Calif Oct 47 p31 Ghmis, California Jun 47 p27 Eastern California museum Dec 46 p26 Gleeson, Arizona Feb 47 p5 Edwards, Joe Jul 47 p4 Glvn, Elinor Jun 47 p6 Ehrenberg, Hermann Jan 47 p4 Gold, restrictions Aug 47 p32 Elephant trees Aug 47 pl9 Gold mining Dec 46 p23 Elf owls Sep 47 p23 Jun 47 p6, Jul 47 plO Iguana lizard Oct 47 p28 Engelmann, Henry Oct 47 pl9 Golden eagle Nov 46 p39 Ikenberry, Joe Aug 47 plO Explorer's camp, Colorado Nov 46 pll Goldfield, Nevada Aug 47 p31 Indian administration Jul 47 pl4 Goldfield historical museum May 47 p36 Aug 47 p29, Oct 47 p27 Goodell, Horace May 47 plO Indian burial customs (Navajo) .... May 47 pl5 Grannan, Riley Jun 47 p6 Indian ceremonials— Grapevine canyon, Calif May 47 p21 Devil Chant (Navajo) Mar 47 p5 Fewkes, Dr. Walter Aug 47 pi 5 Gray, Frederick William Oct 47 p31 Hopi Snake dance Aug 47 pi 5 Fisher, Luther Feb 47 pl9 Great Basin Oct 47 ppl9, 28 Inter-Tribal Ceremonial Aug 47 p28 Five-acre homesteads .... Apr 47 p9, May 47 p35 Great Basin gopher snake Mar 47 p26 Miscellaneous dances Oct 47 p9 Jun 47 p46, Aug 47 p21, Oct 47 p46 Great Salt desert, Utah Dec 46 pll Fort Defiance, Arizona Nov 46 p4 Gridiron-toiled lizard j Apr 47 p23 Indian crafts Sep 47 p5 Fort Douglas, Utah Jun 47 p32 Griffith, "Yellow Dog" Sep 47 pl9 Indian fish traps Nov 46 p8 Fort Huachuca, Ariz Jun 47 p29, Oct 47 p29 Grutt, Emil M Jul 47 p34 Indian petroglyphs Nov 46 pll Fort Sumner, New Mexico Jun 47 pl6 Grutt Brothers Jun 47 p6 Mar 47 p22, Aug 47 p24 Fort Tyson, Arizona Jul 47 p31 Guar, new seed crop Aug 47 p20 Indian ruins (Verde river, Ariz.) .... Aug 47 p5 Fort Yuma Indian reservation Sep 47 p33 Guevavi mission, Arizona Mar 47 p9 Indian Secret mining dist Jan 47 pl6 Fossil Springs, Arizona Aug 47 p5 Gum Shoe Kid Jun 47 p6 Indian sites, survey Mar 47 p21 Indian traders Oct 47 p9 Indian trail shrines Sep 47 pll H Indian vote right Oct 47 p32 Indian wedding customs (Hopi) .. May 47 p31 Gabbs, Nevada Jul 47 p34 Hail Chant and Water Chant Oct 47 p47 Indians— Gallup Inter-Tribal Hall, Ansel Nov 46 pll, Dec 46 p5 Acoma Jan 47 p9 Hall, Charles May 47 plO Apache Apr 47 pl5 Indian ceremonial Aug 47 p28 Hall, Dick Wick ...: Mar 47 p29 Gem and Mineral department Each issue Cahuilla Sep 47 pll Hall Creek crossing, Colorado r May 47 plO Hopi Aug 47 pl5, Oct 47 p29 Gem cutting Jun 47 p45, Sep 47 p45 Hamblin, Jacob Apr 47 p5, Sep 47 p33 Gem polishing Jun 47 p45 Hualpai May 47 p33 Handbook of Lizards Apr 47 p23 Laguna Jan 47 p9 Gem and mineral collecting: Areas— Hanksville, Utah Feb 47 plO Moqui (see Hopi) Arizona, Mogollon-Fossil creek .... Aug 47 p5 Hansen, Byron and Walter Jo-Jo Oct 47 p5 Navajo Nov 46 p4, Mar 47 pp5, 19 California, Beal's Well area Dec 46 p37 Hard Rock Shorty Nov 46, Dec 46 May 47 pl5, Jun 47 pl6, Sep 47 p5 California, Hauser Geode beds .. May 47 p25 Apr 47, May 47, Jul 47-Oct 47 Oct 47 p9 California, Ogilby district Jan 47 p36 Harpending, L Jun 47 p27 Pima Mar 47 p9, Apr 47 p24 Colorado, La Plata area Oct 47 p27 Harris, Shorty Dec 46 p20 Zuni Mar 47 p22 Nevada, Hawthorne-Mina- Harvey, Fred Sep 47 p5 Coaldale areas Mar 47 pl6 Harvey, Dr. Maris E Sep 47 pll Indians, prehistoric Mar 47 p22 Nevada, Searchlight, Piute pass Jul 47 p23 Hassayampa valley, Arizona Mar 47 pll Jul 47 p31, Aug 47 p33, Sep 47 p26 Oregon, beaches Oct 47 p39 Hastings Cutoff route Dec 46 pll Oct 47 p32 Utah, Kanab-Petrified Hollow .... Apr 47 p5 Hauser, Joel May 47 p25 International Desert Cavalcade .... Mar 47 p46 Utah, Topaz mt Oct 47 pl9 Hauser geode beds May 47 p25, Jun 47 p36 Inyo Associates Oct 47 p5 Mexico, Sinaloa Jun 47 pll Hayes, Ira H Jul 47 pl4 Inyokern, Calif Oct 47 p5 Hayes, Junius J ._ Oct 47 pl9 Irving, Arizona Aug 47 p5 Gems and minerals: Collecting— Heintzelman mine, Arizona Apr 47 pi 5 Amethyst (Mexico) - Jun 47 pll Henderson, Randall. Author of— Garnets - Oct 47 p27 I Geodes May 47 p25, Jul 47 pp23, 29 Glyph Hunters in the Oct 47 p27 Indian Country Nov 46 pll Jackrabbit homesteads (see Five-acre Obsidian nodules Feb 47 pl8, Jul 47 p23 We Explored Dark Canyon Dec 46 p5 homesteads) Petrified wood Apr 47 p5 Waterhole on the Jahn, Ray Nov 46 pll Topaz - Oct 47 pl9 Old Bradshaw Trail Jan 47 p4 James, George Wharton Jan 47 p4 Gems and minerals, description— Palms of Palomar Feb 47 pl9 Jenkins, Dr. Olaf P Jul 47 p30 Palms of the Carrizo Country .... Apr 47 pl9 Jerome, Arizona Aug 47 p33 Caledonite Aug 47 p45 Jesuit missions Mar 47 p9 Cherry opal Jun 47 p44 Day in Grapevine Canyon May 47 p21 Palms That Survived in Apr 47 p24, Jun 47 pll Diopside Apr 47 p44 Jewel Valley, Mexico Jun 47 pll Hiddenite Sep 47 p39 Cloudburst Canyon Jun 47 p21 Oasis on Bear Creek Sep 47 pll Johns, Charlie Jun 47 p27 Iron Jan 47 p37 Johnson, Zeke Feb 47 plO Opal Apr 47 p27, Jul 47 p44 Herman, John Jun 47 p27 Perlite Sep 47 pl5 Hicks, E. R Jul 47 plO Johnstone, Eda S. They Made the Desert Pumice Mar 47 p42 Hidden Springs oasis, Calif Dec 46 p38 Blossom—with Gladiolas Jul 47 pl7 Sapphire Oct 47 p39 Hike, Frank Nov 46 p8 Jones, Cardon Dec 46 p5 Topaz Oct 47 pl9 Hilton, John Nov 46 p31 Jones, Randall Nov 46 p27 OCTOBER, 1947 43 Joshua Tree natl. mon., M Calif Feb 47 p26, Mar 47 p31 Juniper trees Mar 47 pl9 Maas, Alberto Jun 47 pll Pack, Frederick J Oct 47 pl9 MacDonald, Mrs. D. J Jul 47 p4 Painted Desert, Arizona Nov 46 pl9 K Manuelito, Navajo chief Nov 46 p4 Palm Desert, California Sep 47 p33 Marriott, Lee Sep 47 p36 Palm oases, California— Massacre cave, Nevada Sep 47 p26 Kaibito plateau, Arizona Mar 47 pl9 Bear Creek (Santa Rosa Mts.) .... Sep 47 pll Kanab, Utah Apr 47 p5 Mastodon petroglyph Aug 47 p24 Maw, Gov. Herbert B Feb 47 plO Carrizo Gorge (Jacumba Mts.) .. Apr 47 pl9 Kanaswood, Lee Mar 47 pl9 Dos Palmas (Orocopia Mts.) Jan 47 p4 Kaiser, Henry Feb 47 p24, Mar 47 p37 Mayflower, Collis May 47 p25 Grapevine Canyon Keam's Canyon trad, post, Ariz Aug 47 pl5 McCain, Bob Jul 47 p4 Kearns camp, Utah Mar 47 p35 McCloud, Charlie Oct 47 pl5 (Santa Rosa Mts.) May 47 p21 McConkie, Wayne Aug 47 p24 San Andreas (Orocopia Mts.) Jan 47 p4 Kelly, Charles. Author of— McGonigle, Pete May 47 pl8 Palm oases, Lower California— Treasure Hunt on the McKelvey, Nat. 'Lady with Salt Desert Dec 46 pll Hoofs and Horns' Aug 47 plO Cloudburst Canyon New Road into the McKenney, Wilson Sep 47 pll (Sierra Juarez) Jun 47 p21 Utah Wilderness Feb 47 plO Mecca Easter pageant Apr 47 p30 Palomar Canyon Mormon Crossing at Melgosa desert Nov 46 pl9 (Sierra Juarez) Feb 47 pl9 Hole-in-the-Rock - May 47 plO Meloland experiment station Aug 47 p20 Palm Springs Desert museum Jun 47 p30 Kibler, Maude and Herbert Mar 47 pl6 Mendenhall, Walter C Jan 47 p4 Palm Springs Indian claims Jul 47 p45 Kingsnake Jan 47 p8 Merritt, Ralph Oct 47 p5 Aug 47 p34 Kino, Fr. Eusebio Francisco Apr 47 p24 Meteor crater, Arizona Dec 46 pp22, 24 Palmer, William R Aug 47 p37 Kit Fox Jan 47 p20 Apr 47 p30, May 47 p5 Palms, Mexican Blue Jun 47 p21 Knickerbocker, W. H Jun 47 p6 Meteorites May 47 p5, Oct 47 p39 Palms, Washingtonia (see Palm oases) Knight, Pete Aug 47 plO Mildren, Howard and Sinah Jul 47 p23 Palomar Canyon oasis, Miller, Harry E. "Two Gun" Mar 47 p22 Koch, Walter H Oct 47 pl9 Lower Calif Feb 47 pl9 Milton, Jeff Jul 47 p31 Kofa Mts., Arizona Jan 47 p38, Sep 47 p23 Panamint City, Calif Jan 47 p24, Kolb, Emery and Ellsworth Sep 47 p46 Mina, Nevada Mar 47 pl6 Mineral conventions, tips on Oct 47 p34 Jul 47 pp29, 30 Krueger, Max May 47 plO Panchita, "Sun Painter" Apr 47 pl3 Kunz, Geo. Frederick Jun 47 pll Mining news Each issue Mitchell, John D .. Jun 47 p29 Paradise valley, Calif Jun 47 p46 Oct 47 pl9 Paso por Aqui Jun 47 p32 Mitchell, John D. Author of— Pattie, James O Feb 47 pl9 Bells of Old Guevavi Mar 47 p9 Patton War Memorial mon Nov 46 p24 Lost John Clark Silver Mine Apr 47 pl5 Paymaster mine Jun 47 p27 Moab, Utah Aug 47 p24 Payne, Doris A. Tale of Laguna pueblo, New Mex Jan 47 p9 Three Rabbit Feel Sep 47 p26 Laguna Salada, Lower Calif Feb 47 pl9 Mogollon rim, Arizona Aug 47 p5 Pearl, Richard M Oct 47 pl9 Jun 47 p21 Morgan, Raymond Jan 47 p4, Oct 47 p24 Morhardt, Aim Oct 47 p5 Pectol, Ephraim P Feb 47 plO Lake Bonneville, Utah Oct 47 pl9 Pegleg Smith (Lazarus Smith) Nov 46 p39 Lake Mead recreational area Oct 47 p32 Morley, Dr. Sylvanus G Aug 47 p36 Lane, Dr. James Franklin Jan 47 p29 Mormon colonization May 47 plO Pegleg Smith lost gold Nov 46 p8 Mormon irrigation Jul 47 p35, Sep 47 p30 Feb 47 pl8, Mar 47 p27, Oct 47 p28 Langley, Dama. Author of— Mormon soap production Apr 47 p37 Penitente Brotherhood Apr 47 p35 Trail to Acoma Jan 47 p9 Mormon tabernacle May 47 p37 Perlite mining, processing Sep 47 pl5 We Owe the Navajo— Mormons, Utah population Jan 47 pl8 Petrified Forest natl. mon., Ariz Oct 47 p29 Six Hundred Schools! Jun 47 pi6 Morris, Frank Oct 47 p31 Petrified Hollow, Utah Apr 47 p5 Cheating is Taboo Mt. Whitney, Calif Oct 47 p5 Petrified wood Nov 46 pl9 on the Reservation Sep 47 p5 Mountain Palm springs, Calif Aug 47 pl9 Jan 47 p22, Apr 47 p5, Jun 47 p35 Mullarky, Tom Mar 47 p22 Petroglyphs Nov 46 pll La Paz gold fields Jan 47 p4 Murphy, Matt May 47 p30 Mar 47 p22, Aug 47 p24 Lapidary department Each issue Museum of Northern Arizona Sep 47 p46 Peyote, Indian use of Apr 47 p36 Lapidary Journal Mar 47 p38, Apr 47 p38 Mushet, Adeline and Bill Nov 46 pl7 Phillips, Margaret. Lapidary reading list Dec 46 p30 Apr 47 plO Lapidary schools Feb 47 p30 Padre of the Desert Oct 47 p5 La Quinta, Calif Sep 47 pll Philmont Scout ranch, New Mex Jun 47 p31 Larson, David Feb 47 pl9 N Photographs. Covers by— Laudermilk, Jerry. Author of— Randall Henderson, Nov 46; C. H. Lord, Dec Flowers Have Their Tricks Dec 46 pl8 National monument, proposed Aug 47 p9 46; Lewis W. Walker, Jan 47; Fred Han- Career of a Botanical Thief! Feb 47 pl6 Natural Bridges natl. mon., Utah .... Feb 47 plO kins, Feb 47; Chuck Abbott, Mar 47; Nor- Magic at the Grass Roots Mar 47 pll Navajo burial customs May 47 pl5 ton Allen, Apr 47; Josef Muench, May 47; Pigmies of the Plant World Jul 47 p20 Navajo customs Oct 47 p9 Fred H. Ragsdale, Jun 47; N. M. Tourist Navajo dances Oct 47 p9 Bureau, Jul 47; Martha Burleigh, Aug 47; Levy, Manuel G Sep 47 pl9 Navajo Devil chant Mar 47 p5 Fred H. Ragsdale, Sep 47; Chuck Abbott, Lewis, Lucien M. He Was in on the Navajo education Jun 47 pl6 Oct 47. Bullfrog Jackpot Dec 46 p20 Navajo Tribal Arts & Crafts Guild .... Sep 47 p5 Leyshon, John H Jan 47 p24 Naval Ordnance Test sta., Photographs. Prize winners by—- Lockerbie, Charles and Lillian Oct 47 pl9 Inyokern Mar 47 p31, Jul 47 p33 Dr. R. B. Cowles, Claire Meyer Proctor, Nov Lone Pine, Calif Oct 47 p5 Nevada wonder rock Aug 47 p31 46; Charles E. Pelletier, Rayburn F. Hunt, Loomis, Barbara Nov 46 pll Nevills, Norman Aug 47 pp 13, 46 Dec 46; Max Elliott, Loren G. Snook, Los Angeles water and power dept Oct 47 p5 Sep 47 p46 Jan 47; Tad Nichols, Leon K. Kendall, Feb Lost mines and treasure— Nininger, Dr. H. H Dec 46 p24 47; Josephine Carpenter, Donald W. John- Apr 47 p30, May 47 p5, Sep 47 p46 son, Mar 47; Loyd Cooper, Mrs. Edna Ward, Arizona, Lost Dutchman Mar 47 p36 Nino de la Tierra (see Baby of the Desert) Apr 47; Walter H. Koch, Don Ollis, May 47; Jun 47 p29 Nye, Nelson Aug 47 plO Rayburn F. Hunt, Dick Freeman, Jun 47; Arizona, Lost Guevavi Mar 47 p9 M. L. and M. H. Carothers, Hubert A. Low- Arizona, Lost John Clark silver .. Apr 47 pi5 man, Aug 47; Don Ollis, Cyril Johnson, Arizona, Lost Sandstone May 47 p30 Sep 47; Ward W. Howland, Hubert A. Calif., Lost Arch mine Aug 47 p29 Lowman, Oct 47. Calif., Lost Pegleg gold Nov 46 p8 Ocotillo, yellow Jun 47 p35 Picuris pueblo, New Mex Oct 47 p32 Calif., Chocolate Mt. Opalized forest, Oregon Mar 47 p39 quartz-silver Jun 47 p27 Oraibi, Arizona Nov 46 p23 Pillsbury, Dorothy L. Sun Painter of Nevada, Lost Pegleg - Oct 47 p28 Ordeal by Hunger Nov 46 p36 Santa Fe Apr 47 pl3 Mexico, San Marcelo Sep 47 pl9 Organ Pipe Cactus natl. mon., Pines-to-Palms highway May 47 p21 Lower California Feb 47 pl9, Jun 47 p21 Arizona Feb 47 p25 Sep 47 pll Luhan, Mabel Dodge Oct 47 p47 Orr Brothers Dec 46 pll, May 47 p31 Pino, Robert Sep 47 p5 Lummis, Charles F Apr 47 plO Osceola, Nevada Sep 47 p36 Pinto basin, Calif Jul 47 p34 Lupton, Arizona Mar 47 p22 Owens valley, Calif Oct 47 p5 Piute Pass geode field Jul 47 p23 44 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Plantlife— Seri Indian tribe Aug 47 p32 Arizona Jul 47 p20 Seton, Ernest Thompson Dec 46 p28 Arizona, Fossil creek Aug 47 p5 Seven Cities of Cibola Mar 47 p22 Vallecitos Palm sprs., Calif Oct 47 p27 Calif., Colorado desert Jul 47 p4 Seyfried, Esther and Ernie Jul 47 pl7 Vallecitos stage sta., Calif Mar 47 p31 Calif., Santa Rosa Mts May 47 p21 Shaffer, Henry Jan 47 pl6 Oct 47 pl5 Sep 47 pll Shanewis, Indian opera Jul 47 pl4 Van Deventer, Earl M Oct 47 pl9 Nevada, Searchlight area Jul 47 p23 Sharp, "Happy" Aug 47 p34 Van Norman, Claude H Oct 47 p5 Shattuck, Lynn Feb 47 p5 Sep 47 pi5 Van Valkenburgh, Richard. Author of— Utah, west central Oct 47 pl9 Sherrill, Bill Feb 47 pl9 Lower California - Jun 47 p21 Shumway, Nina Paul May 47 p21 Last Powow of the Navajo Nov 46 p4 Sinaloa, Mexico Jun 47 pll Silkworm culture Nov 46 p25 Trail to Turquoise Feb 47 p5 Silveira, Berta and "Big John" Jul 47 p23 We Saw the Devil Chant Plaster City gypsum plant Apr 47 p29 Silver mining Jan 47 pl6, Jun 47 p27 the Navajo Mar 47 p5 Poems Each issue Silversmithing, Navajo Sep 47 p5 Flint Singer Returns to Pollination methods .... Dec 46 pl8 Simpson, Capt. James H Oct 47 pl9 the Underworld May 47 pl5 Pony Express route, Utah Oct 47 pl9 Simpson sprs. stage sta., Utah Oct 47 pl9 His Compass Was a Pony Express stations, Nev Sep 47 p35 Sinaloa, Mexico Jun 47 pll Burro's Tail Sep 47 pl9 Posey, Jess Apr 47 p37 Skull valley, Utah Dec 46 pll Don't Knock on a Hogan Door .... Oct 47 p9 Poston, John Apr 47 pl5 Small Tract Act (see Five-acre homesteads) Vargas, Glenn May 47 p25 Powell, John Wesley .... Dec 46 p5, Feb 47 plO Smith, Charles J Feb 47 plO Vargas, Glenn. Prehistoric animals, New Mex Oct 47 p32 Smith, Ida and Moulton Aug 47 p5 Its Nose is a Shovel Oct 47 pl4 Punta Penasco Sep 47 pl9 Smith, John O. "Pegleg" Nov 46 p8 Vasquez, Maclovio Feb 47 pl9, Jun 47 p21 Putnam, George Palmer Oct 47 p31 Smith, Lazarus "Pegleg" Nov 46 p39 Velvet ant May 47 p9 Smith, Miss Virginia Aug 47 plO Ventana cave, Arizona Jul 47 p31 Soda lake, Nevada Oct 47 p32 Vermilion cliffs, Utah Apr 47 p5 Son of Old Man Hat Oct 47 p32 Song Before Sunrise Apr 47 p47 Quartzsite, Arizona Mar 47 p27 Sonoita, Mexico Sep 47 pl9 w Quick, Lelande. Amateur Sonora Blue palm Feb 47 pl9 Wagons Southward Oct 47 p47 Gem Cutler Each issue South, Marshal. Author of— Walker, Frank Feb 47 p5 Quitovaquita, Arizona Sep 47 pl9 Desert Refuge Nov 46, Dec 46 Walker, Lewis Wayne. Author of— Home on the Rim of the Desert „ Apr 47 plO He Took His Own Picture Jan 47 p20 Healing Waters at Agua Caliente .. Jul 47 p4 Elfs of the Saguaros Sep 47 p23 Desert Trails Aug 47, Oct 47 Walpi, Arizona Aug 47 pi 5 South, Tanya and Marshal Jan 47 p38 Warne, William E Aug 47 p27 Rain making, dry ice Sep 47 p33 Apr 47 p46 Ramona's story May 47 p31 Washingtonia palms (see Palm oases) Southern Calif. All-Year club Aug 47 p46 Weaver, Pauline Jan 47 p4 Ransom, Jay Ellis. Golden Harvest Southern Calif. Archeological at Aurora Jul 47 plO Weight, Harold O Jan 47 p3 Survey asso Mar 47 p21 Weight, Harold O. Author of— Rawhide, Nevada - Jun 47 p6 Speer, Marion May 47 p38 Jul 47 p34, Sep 47 p30 —So She Hunted Gem Stones .... Mar 47 pl6 Stevens, Alexander Aug 47 pl5 They Call it 'Petrified Hollow' .... Apr 47 p5 Ray, Neal Oct 47 p33 Stevens, L. B Jul 47 plO Redd, Wiley Feb 47 plO Operation Rockhound May 47 p25 Stockton, Pansy "Panchita" Apr 47 pi3 When Rawhide Roared Jun 47 p6 Red racer Feb 47 pl8 Stone, Julius F Dec 46 p5, Oct 47 pl6 Reid, Agnes Cody Nov 46 p24 Geode Hunters of Searchlight .... Jul 47 p23 Stovepipe Wells hotel, Pott'er from Paradise Aug 47 p5 Rhyolite, Nevada May 47 p35, Jun 47 p30 Death Valley Oct 47 p31 Rhyolite bottle house Oct 47 p32 Perlite Miners of Searchlight Sep 47 pl5 Sumner, Col. Edwin V Nov 46 p4 Field Day for Topaz Richardson, Hubert Nov 46 pl9 "Sun paintings" Apr 47 pl3 Richardson, Toney Nov 46 p3, Sep 47 p46 Collectors Oct 47 pl9 Sykes, Godfrey. In the Kiva of the Richardson, Toney. Author of— Western Trails museum May 47 p38 Snake Clan Aug 47 pl5 Westmoreland, N. C Jun 47 p30 Where Tree Stumps Turned Aug 47 p35 to Stone Nov 46 pl9 Wetherill, Louisa and John Oct 47 p9 Trees That Died of Fear! Mar 47 pl9 Wetherill, Milton A Mar 47 p22 Wetherill Memorial fund Sep 47 p46 Rickard, Tex Jun 47 p6 Tales of a Triumphant People Jun 47 p47 Riddell, Chuck and Evonne May 47 p21 Wetzel, Harry Sep 47 p33 Tanner, Elaine and Bud Sep 47 pl5 Wheeler-Howard Indian bill Jul 47 pl4 Ringwald, Harry R Mar 47 p38 Tenderfoot, definition Feb 47 p27 Riverbed stage sta., Utah Oct 47 pl9 Aug 47 p29 Thomas mts., Utah Oct 47 pl9 Whitney Portal, Calif Oct 47 p5 Rogers, Clarence Dec 46 p5 Thorne, Shorty Feb 47 p5 Rogers, William T Oct 47 pl9 Wickenburg Massacre monument .... Sep 47 p4 Ross, Kenny Dec 46 p5 T humbnail Sketches of Famous Arizona Wild horses Sep 47 p33, Oct 47 p31 Rottman, Jean Oct 47 pl9 Desert Riders Jan 47 p23 Wildflower forecast Mar 47 p28 Tombstone Epitaph Jul 47 p26 Apr 47 pi2, May 47 p28 Tonopah & Goldfield railroad Nov 46 p25 Wiley's well, Calif May 47 p25 Mar 47 ppl6, 33, Apr 47 p35 Wilhelm, Paul Nov 46 pl7 Tonopah & Tidewater railroad Dec 46 p25 Willow springs, Arizona Nov 46 pll Wilson, Eva M. Sagebrush and Mining Tales Nov 46 p36 Top O' th' Pines lodge, Ariz Aug 47 p5 Topaz cove, Utah Oct 47 pl9 Hard Rock Shorty Jul 47 p8 Salome Sun Mar 47 p29 Wilson, Henry E. W. 'Lost Pegleg Gold Salt Desert Trails Dec 46 p3 Treasure map, Camino del Diablo .. Sep 47 pl9 Trona chemical resources May 47 p46 is not a Myth' Nov 46 p8 The Salton Sea Jan 47 p4 Winters, Clinton Aug 47 p5 Salton Sea resort, plans Jun 47 p30 True Story of Jacob Walzer and His Famous Hidden Gold Nov 46 p36 Witmer, Paul B Aug 47 p21, Oct 47 p46 San Andreas springs, Calif Jan 47 p4 The Wonders of the San Diego & Arizona railroad Apr 47 pl9 Truman, Arizona Apr 47 p32 Colorado Desert Jan 47 p4, Feb 47 p38 San Felipe, Mexico Jan 47 p20, May 47 p35 Tsianina, Indian singer Jul 47 pl4 Tulainyo lake, Calif Oct 47 p5 Wood, Mrs. C. L Nov 46 pl7 San Gabriel, New Mexico Mar 47 p34 Woodard, M. L Mar 47 p22 San Jacinto tramway bill Jun 47 p26 Tumacacori mission, Ariz Apr 47 p24 Turner, Lew Aug 47 p5 Woodward, Arthur Nov 46 pll San Lorenzo, New Mex Oct 47 p32 Woodward, Arthur. Lost Cities of Sandstone lost mine, Ariz May 47 p30 Turquoise deposits Dec 46 p23, Feb 47 p5 Tyrrell, D. A. Hard Rock Shorty .... Dec 46 p21 the Desert May 47 pl8 Santa Rosa Mts., Calif Nov 46 p8 Wright, Fred Sep 47 pl9 May 47 p21, Sep 47 pll Wupatki natl. mon., Ariz Mar 47 p5 Saylor, Dan Jun 47 p27 Scorpions Oct 47 p27 u Scorup-Somerville Cattle Co Mar 47 p35 Y Searchlight, Nevada Jul 47 p23 U. S. Gypsum Co Apr 47 p29 Aug 47 p31, Sep 47 pl5 Utah Centennial stamp Aug 47 p37 Yaqui community, Mexico Aug 47 p32 Seed dissemination Mar 47 pll Utah mineralogical society Oct 47 pl9 Yavapai county, Arizona Aug 47 p5 Seeding, by airplane Apr 47 p32 Utah Pioneer Trails asso Oct 47 pl9 Yokum, Gene Feb 47 p5 Senita cactus Feb 47 pl9, Jun 47 p21 Utah Wonderland stages Aug 47 p37 Yuma, Arizona Apr 47 p31, Oct 47 p29

OCTOBER, 1947 45 uitJietwQQn If on and Mi

By RANDALL HENDERSON There should be no delusions regarding these 5-acre tracts. The good farming land in the West already has been home- DAY recently I took the elevator in the federal steaded—at least this is true of all accessible good land. The postoffice building in Los Angeles and went up to the Act of 1938 was designed to open the left-over lands to those Bureau of Land Management. That is Uncle Sam's real who were interested in making use of them. Nearly all this land estate department. And it is the biggest real estate business in is arid, and much of it is mountainous. the United States, for Uncle Sam has 169 million acres of va- Those who have visions of acquiring a little homestead and cant public land in United States in addition to 250 million investing $500 in a cabin and water rights and then living in acres in Alaska. ease from their chickens and garden, should revise those notions. The Bureau of Land Management is a new name for an old The water and chickens and garden are all possible—but not Washington bureau. A few months ago it took over the func- the easy way. Water may be obtained at fairly reasonable cost if tions of the former U. S. Land Office, and Paul B. Witmer, a group of owners will form a cooperative for that purpose, as former Land office registrar for Southern California acquired is being done by the Mutual Assistance Group of Section 36 in a new title. He is now Acting Manager of the Bureau for this Coachella valley and by certain homesteader groups near Twen- district. tynine Palms. But there will be brush to clear or rocks to move, a I asked Paul how his real estate business was going. I was cesspool to install, roads to construct—and a cabin to erect in a especially interested in the number of applications being made spot often far removed from a source of materials. for 5-acre tracts, or "jackrabbit homesteads" as they are known. Folks with the blood of pioneers—or of poets—running "We had 50 applications yesterday," he replied, "and that strong in their veins, will regard the task as a grand adventure. was a light day. Some days there are double that number. They I know Los Angeles people who spent most of their weekends are coming in faster than our small staff can handle them—but for months building a stone cabin on their claim. And what we will get around to them eventually." fun they had doing it! Two days every week they drove out and Bearing out his statement, the main office of the Bureau was mixed mortar and hauled rocks, and stone by stone the little thronged with men and women—some of them consulting cabin took form. It isn't a perfect construction job—but it is maps, others asking questions of the clerks on duty, and still theirs. They planned it themselves and built it with their own others seeking forms on which to make their applications. hands—and in terms of spiritual values it is worth more than a Over 12,000 Southern Californians already have made ap- mansion in a ritzy subdivision. plications for these small tracts of public land, all of them lo- # * * cated in the desert country from three to five hours from Los The new Land Bureau regulations provide that tracts will be Angeles. The Small Tract Act, passed in 1938, is a compara- sold to lessees who have complied with the improvement re- tively new thing in public land distribution. It was an experi- quirements, at appraised value plus cost of surveys. Those sur- ment originally, and the department of interior has been mov- veys could be very costly—but need not be. ing cautiously in carrying out the plan. While the original Act If the Land office will send its survey crew out to subdivide provides that lands either may be leased or sold, the policy until each section into 40-acre parcels, and set the 40-acre corners, it now has been to grant leases only. will be a simple matter for the owners to take a steel tape and But progress is being made. In June, Secretary Krug an- measure off their own 330x660-foot holdings, and then erect nounced a new policy. Leases will now include an option to buy their own corner monuments. the land after one year if the homesteader has erected a cabin or So far, all efforts to have these surveys made have met with made other permanent improvements. the typically bureaucratic answer: "No funds for that purpose." While most of the activity in Uncle Sam's new real estate But if the jackrabbit clan will howl long enough and loud deal has been in Southern California where Witmer is one of enough, the funds will be provided. You know the old adage the sponsors of the original Act, there are millions of acres of about the squeaky wheel that gets the grease. vacant public land available for jackrabbit homesteading in In this case it is right and proper the surveys should be made. every western state. There is a District Land office under the If Uncle Sam is in the real estate business, the obligation to stake Bureau of Land Management in each state where applications out his merchandise so it can be located is an obvious one. may be made. * # * But Uncle Sam isn't much of an advertiser, and his bureau- Many of the economic and social problems of this age stem crats with few exceptions—Paul Witmer is one of the exceptions from increasing and over-crowded population. Too much —do not go out and promote more work for themselves if they crowding is bad for humans. It brings out the worst in them. can avoid it. Hence the slow progress of the Small Tract move- Insofar as the West is concerned, the Small Tract Act offers an ment in other states. It will be speeded up when local people in important palliative for the curse of over-crowding. No dweller those states become sufficiently interested to press their District in the West is more than three hours by motor from vacant land Land managers for action. in the public domain—and it doesn't require great wealth to * * * enjoy the luxury of a few days each month on a 5-acre tract.

46 THE DESERT MAGAZINE Second volume in the Navajo Religion Series, Hail Chant and Water Chant, recorded by Mary C. Wheelwright with commentary by Dr. Phyllis Ackerman, has been published by the Museum of Navajo Ceremonial Art, Santa Fe, New Mexico. The book is illustrated with 24 sand paintings and ritual objects reproduced in seri- graph color plates by Louie Ewing. Texts of the religious ceremonies were dictated NEW UTAH GUIDE BOOK thought," he says, "that our great centers by the late Hasteen Klah, and other noted LATEST IN SERIES —New York, Chicago, San Francisco— Navajo medicine men. Price of the 8x11 in. volume is $20.00. Fifth in his series of western guide may never be occupied half as long as was books, H. Cyril Johnson's new SCENIC this great green mesa in southwestern • e • Colorado." GUIDE TO UTAH is the best of his series American Pioneer Trails association to date. Content, illustration and ty- The book deals, in some detail, with 40 headquarters has issued a pamphlet, pography and a beautiful kodachrome parks and monuments, and about half of Wagons Southward, which gives an ac- cover make this book invaluable to the them can be classed as Southwestern. De- count of historic Santa Fe trail. Author is tourist who does not wish to invest in the scriptions range from the 13 pages given Walter Stanley Campbell, widely known larger and more expensive state guides. to Yellowstone to less than three for Mon- under his pen name, Stanley Vestal. tezuma Castle and Walnut canyon. Half Arranged in alphabetical order, the of the eight pages on Death Valley are • • • book provides a concise and informative taken up by Death Valley Scotry. Edwin D. McKee's Ancient Landscapes key to place names a motorist will find on of the Grand Canyon Region has just been the map of Utah. The 100-page paper YOUR WESTERN NATIONAL issued in the ninth edition, bringing total covered book includes 62 photographs and PARKS is an interesting, readable book publication to 50,000 copies. The booklet, 12 maps. in which most readers will discover facts originally printed in 1931, and since re- The previous books in the guide series which they did not know about some of the parks. It is to be hoped, however, that vised several times, is a popular geology of include Arizona, Northern California, a section of northern Arizona and south- Southern California and Nevada. some day Dorr Yeager will write more de- tailed volumes to pass on his knowledge ern Utah which includes the Grand Can- H. Cyril Johnson, Scenic Guides, Susan- of the history, flora and fauna of our parks. yon, Bryce and Zion national parks, the Petrified Forest, Painted Desert and San ville, California. $1.00 each. Dodd, Mead & Company, New York, Francisco mountains. McKee is assistant • • • 1947. 275 pp., index, bibliography, maps professor of geology at University of Ari- AN INTRODUCTION TO OUR and photographs. $3.50. zona, and his book is distributed through • • • WESTERN NATIONAL PARKS parks and hotel companies of the region YOUR WESTERN NATIONAL BOOK BRIEFS . . . described. PARKS by Dorr Yeager is a beginner's In a highly readable but factual bulletin, • • • guide to the enjoyment of the national Dr. H. V. Smith, associate agricultural parks and monuments west of the Missis- Mabel Dodge Luhan's latest work, deal- sippi river. For the most part it contains chemist at University of Arizona, Tucson, ing with the painters of Taos, is scheduled the barest outline of what the visitor may Arizonans are given information about the for early publication by Duell, Sloan and expect to see, accommodations available, climate of their state—and some popular Pearce. Book contains works of every Taos roads and temperatures which will be met. misconceptions are explained. Aside from painter and portraits of several. Photog- Usually there are brief notes on the history some interesting facts to use in arguments raphy for volume was done by John Can- of the park or monument under discussion. about the weather, The Climate of Arizona delario and Laura Gilpin. Mrs. Luhan is gives such valuable data as that pertaining author of Lorenzo in Taos, a partial bi- Dorr Yeager knows his subject. He has to growing seasons. Bulletin is a publica- ography of D. H. Lawrence, and Edge of been with the national park service for 20 tion of University of Arizona. Taos Desert and Winter in Taos. years and was, at the time the book was published, regional naturalist of Region 4 of the park service. This intimate knowledge shows here and there in YOUR Modern Explorers in the Ancient Gulf . . . WESTERN NATIONAL PARKS, when Yeager permits himself a little extra space to expand some subject of particular interest. SEA OF CORTEZ He explains, for example, that the By JOHN STEINBECK and E. F. RICKETTS pueblos at Wupatki might not have been built, save for the eruption of Sunset crater between 1047 and 1071 A. D. The land The journal of a collecting expedition by a great American novelist had been too dry for farming, but the and a noted marine biologist into the remote and beautiful Gulf of Cali- eruption covered the area with fine cin- fornia, and of the unknown, teeming life of the tidal pools and sand flats ders which served as a mulch and con- there. With a 300-page scientific appendix on marine animals of the served the moisture. The "Wupatki land area, 32 pages of black and white photographs, and 15 illustrations rush" resulted, with Indians coming from all directions and forming a cosmopolitan in color. community which survived for 300 years. Only a Few Copies Left • $5.00 He points out that we are inclined to look upon the Pueblo civilization as a transient one but that Mesa Verde was oc- DESERT CRAFTS SHOP El Centro, California cupied for 1300 years. "It is a sobering

OCTOBER, 1947 47 VALERIE JEAN'S GlfT CASE of desert delicacies from Coachella Valley

This is our most elaborate gift—an entirely new Coachella Valley masterpiece offered to you for the first time. This GIFT CASE contains individual pound packs of Coco-Date Meats, Date Nuggets, Date Butter Balls, Jumbo Stuffed Dates, Date Cake and prize Paper Shell Pecans. Also three pounds of TA-BAR-ZAL Dates, a 21/2 pound re-usable Oak Keg of Brandied Dates, plus exclusively selected jellies, marmalades, creamed desert honey, and candied fruits. All carefully packed in a container for safe shipping.

Gross Shipping Weight 25 Pounds Delivered Prepaid by Express $21.85

RUSSELL NICOLL, Owner THERMAL. CALIFORNIA