Cultural Immersion
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Estimation of Key Population Size of Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Belize
Caribbean Vulnerable Communities University of Alabama at Birmingham Estimation of Key Population Size of Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Belize Final Report, October 2018 0 TITLE OF THE PROJECT Estimation of Key Population Size of Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), and Transgender Women in Belize Final Report, August 1st, 2018 Submitted to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the National AIDES Commission of Belize and the Belize Country Coordinating Mechanism for the Global Fund by the Caribbean Vulnerable Communities Coalition (CVC) and the University of Alabama at Birmingham. PRIMARY INVESTIGATORS AND INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATIONS Lead Co-Investigators: Henna Budhwani, PhD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Public Health and Deputy Director, Sparkman Center for Global Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Contact Information: [email protected] or 1 (205) 296-3330 John Waters, MD. MSc, MA (Oxon), Programme Manager, Caribbean Vulnerable Communities Coalition Contact Information: [email protected] or 1 (809) 889-4660 Lead Co-Investigator in Charge of Field Work Julia Hasbun, Lic. Independent Consultant and Field Work Expert Contact information: [email protected] or 1 (809) 421-0362 Research Assistants: Ryan Turley, B.A. M.A. Caribbean Vulnerable Communities Coalition Mugdha Mokashi, University of Alabama at Birmingham Elias Ramos, Lic. Caribbean Vulnerable Communities Coalition W. Lupita Raposo, Caribbean Vulnerable Communities Coalition Expert Demography and Statistics Resource Person Page 1 of 149 University of Alabama at Birmingham K. Ria Hearld, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL 35294 Contact information: [email protected] or 1 (205) 934-1670 Expert Research Resource Person Craig M. -
Environmental Statistics for Belize, 2012 Is the Sixth Edition to Be Produced in Belize and Contains Data Set Corresponding to the Year 2010
Environmental Statistics for Belize 2012 Environmental Statistics for Belize 2012 Copyright © 2012 Lands and Surveys Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Agriculture This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The Lands and Surveys Department would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other form of commercial use whatsoever. DISCLAIMER The information contained in this publication is based on information available at the time of the publication and may require updating. Please note that all efforts were made to include reliable and accurate information to eliminate errors, but it is still possible that some inconsistencies remain. We regret for errors or omissions that were unintentionally made. Lands and Surveys Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Agriculture Queen Elizabeth II Blvd. Belmopan, Belize C. A. Phone: 501-802-2598 Fax: 501-802-2333 e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] Printed in Belize, October 2012 [ii] Environmental Statistics for Belize 2012 PREFACE The country of Belize is blessed with natural beauty that ranges from a gamut of biodiversity, healthy forest areas, the largest living coral reef system in the world, ancient heritage and diverse cultures. The global trend of industrialization and development for economic development has not adequately considered the natural environment. As a result, globally our natural resources and environment face tremendous pressures and are at high risk of further disruption. -
Revisiting the Postclassic Burials at Lamanai, Belize: a Second Look at the Unique Ventrally Placed, Legs Flexed Burials
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2018 Revisiting the Postclassic Burials at Lamanai, Belize: A Second Look at the Unique Ventrally Placed, Legs Flexed Burials. Victoria Izzo University of Central Florida Part of the Anthropology Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Izzo, Victoria, "Revisiting the Postclassic Burials at Lamanai, Belize: A Second Look at the Unique Ventrally Placed, Legs Flexed Burials." (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 6024. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6024 REVISITING THE POSTCLASSIC BURIALS AT LAMANAI, BELIZE: A SECOND LOOK AT THE UNIQUE VENTRALLY PLACED, LEGS FLEXED BURIALS by VICTORIA STUART ROSE IZZO B.A., Northern Arizona University, 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2018 ABSTRACT Analysis of unique mortuary patterns is often used to evaluate the social lives of the deceased and also those of the living who placed them there. The Ventrally Placed, Legs Flexed (VPLF) burials at the site of Lamanai in Belize, dating to the Postclassic period (1000 - 1544), have been recorded as a Maya mortuary pattern since the late 1970’s. -
Hol Chan Marine Reserve Belize
UNITED NATIONS EP United Nations Original: ENGLISH Environment Program Proposed areas for inclusion in the SPAW list ANNOTATED FORMAT FOR PRESENTATION REPORT FOR: Hol Chan Marine Reserve Belize Date when making the proposal : October 5th, 2010 CRITERIA SATISFIED : Ecological criteria Cultural and socio-economic criteria Representativeness Cultural and traditional use Conservation value Critical habitats Area name: Hol Chan Marine Reserve Country: Belize Contacts Last name: BELIZE First name: Belize MPA Focal Point Position: Focal point Email: [email protected] Phone: 0478000000 Last name: ALAMILLA First name: Miguel Manager Position: Manager Email: [email protected] Phone: 501 226 2247 SUMMARY Chapter 1 - IDENTIFICATION Chapter 2 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Chapter 3 - SITE DESCRIPTION Chapter 4 - ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA Chapter 5 - CULTURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CRITERIA Chapter 6 - MANAGEMENT Chapter 7 - MONITORING AND EVALUATION Chapter 8 - STAKEHOLDERS Chapter 9 - IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM Chapter 10 - OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATION ANNEXED DOCUMENTS Chapter 1. IDENTIFICATION a - Country: Belize b - Name of the area: Hol Chan Marine Reserve c - Administrative region: Belize District d - Date of establishment: 7/1/87 e - If different, date of legal declaration: not specified f - Geographic location Longitude X: -88.020058 Latitude Y: 17.875184 g - Size: 55 sq. km h - Contacts Contact adress: Caribena Street - San Pedro Town - Belize Website: http://www.fisheries.gov.bz/ Email address: [email protected] i - Marine ecoregion 68. Western Caribbean Comment, optional none Chapter 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Present briefly the proposed area and its principal characteristics, and specify the objectives that motivated its creation : The Hol Chan Marine Reserve (HCMR) was established in 1987 to conserve a small but representative portion of Belize's coastal ecosystem. -
An Ancient Maya Hafted Stone Tool from Northern Belize
Volume 1986 Article 24 1986 An Ancient Maya Hafted Stone Tool from Northern Belize Harry J. Shafer [email protected] Thomas R. Hester Center for Archaeological Research, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Shafer, Harry J. and Hester, Thomas R. (1986) "An Ancient Maya Hafted Stone Tool from Northern Belize," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 1986, Article 24. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.1986.1.24 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1986/iss1/24 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An Ancient Maya Hafted Stone Tool from Northern Belize Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1986/iss1/24 AN ANCIENT MAYA HAFTED STONE TOOL FRCJ.1 NORTHERN BELIZE Harry J. -
302232 Travelguide
302232 TRAVELGUIDE <P.1> (118*205) G5-15 DANIEL V2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 INTRODUCTION 5 WELCOME 6 GENERAL VISITOR INFORMATION 8 GETTING TO BELIZE 9 TRAVELING WITHIN BELIZE 10 CALENDAR OF EVENTS 14 CRUISE PASSENGER ADVENTURES Half Day Cultural and Historical Tours Full Day Adventure Tours 16 SUGGESTED OVERNIGHT ADVENTURES Four-Day Itinerary Five-Day Itinerary Six-Day Itinerary Seven-Day Itinerary 25 ISLANDS, BEACHES AND REEF 32 MAYA CITIES AND MYSTIC CAVES 42 PEOPLE AND CULTURE 50 SPECIAL INTERESTS 57 NORTHERN BELIZE 65 NORTH ISLANDS 71 CENTRAL COAST 77 WESTERN BELIZE 87 SOUTHEAST COAST 93 SOUTHERN BELIZE 99 BELIZE REEF 104 HOTEL DIRECTORY 120 TOUR GUIDE DIRECTORY 302232 TRAVELGUIDE <P.2> (118*205) G5-15 DANIEL V2 302232 TRAVELGUIDE <P.3> (118*205) G5-15 DANIEL V2 The variety of activities is matched by the variety of our people. You will meet Belizeans from many cultural traditions: Mestizo, Creole, Maya and Garifuna. You can sample their varied cuisines and enjoy their music and Belize is one of the few unspoiled places left on Earth, their company. and has something to appeal to everyone. It offers rainforests, ancient Maya cities, tropical islands and the Since we are a small country you will be able to travel longest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere. from East to West in just two hours. Or from North to South in only a little over that time. Imagine... your Visit our rainforest to see exotic plants, animals and birds, possible destinations are so accessible that you will get climb to the top of temples where the Maya celebrated the most out of your valuable vacation time. -
Central America on a Shoestring 9
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Central America on a shoestring Yucatán & Chiapas, Mexico p48 Belize p230 Guatemala p99 Honduras p351 El Salvador p286 Nicaragua p429 Costa Rica p516 Panama p621 THIS EDITION WRITTEN AND RESEARCHED BY Steve Fallon, Bridget Gleeson, Paul Harding, John Hecht, Tom Masters, Tom Spurling, Lucas Vidgen, Mara Vorhees PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to Central MEXICO’S YUCATÁN Parque Arqueológico America . 6 & CHIAPAS . 48 Takalik Abaj . 166 Champerico . 167 Central America Map . .. 8 The Yucatán . 50 Santa Lucía Central America’s Cancún . .. 50 Cotzumalguapa . 167 Top 16 . 10 Isla Mujeres . .. 56 La Democracia . 168 Need to Know . .18 Puerto Morelos . 58 Sipacate . 169 First Time Playa Del Carmen . 59 Escuintla . 169 Central America . 20 Isla Cozumel . 64 Monterrico . 169 If You Like… . 22 Tulum . 66 Central Guatemala . .. 172 Month by Month . 25 Cobá . 68 Salamá & Around . 172 Itineraries . 28 Laguna Bacalar . 69 Biotopo del Quetzal . 172 Mahahual . 70 Big Adventures, Cobán . 173 Valladolid . 70 Small Budgets . 36 El Oriente . 179 Chichén Itzá . 72 Outdoor Activities . 39 Chiquimula . 179 Mérida . 74 Countries at a Glance . 44 Esquipulas . 180 Campeche . 79 Quiriguá . 183 Chiapas . 82 Lago de Izabal . 184 San Cristóbal TUUL & BRUNO MORANDI/GETTY IMAGES © IMAGES MORANDI/GETTY BRUNO & TUUL Puerto Barrios . 188 de las Casas . 82 Punta de Manabique . 189 Lagos de Montebello . 88 Lívingston . 189 Yaxchilán . 88 El Petén . 193 Palenque . 89 Sayaxché . 193 Agua Azul & Misol-Ha . 93 Ceibal . 193 Understand Mexico’s Yucatán & Chiapas . 94 Finca Ixobal . 195 Survival Guide . 95 Flores & Santa Elena . 196 El Remate . 201 Tikal . 202 GUATEMALA . -
1.0 Overview of IDB Invest Scope of Review BSI Has an Annual Crushing
IDBInvest Belize Sugar Industries Limited 1.0 Overview of IDB Invest Scope of Review BSI has an annual crushing capacity of 1.3 million tons of sugarcane, with an average daily milling throughput of 6,800 tons. The mill is in Tower Hill, Orange Walk District, and receives sugarcane from more than 5,000 independent cane suppliers, of which some 1,000 are women. Ninety per cent of farmers are small holders with farm sizes less than 8 ha, of which 35% are less than 2 ha. BSI produces enough sugar to meet the demand of the domestic sugar market, with the balance exported as raw and food-grade sugar products to refineries in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and CARICOM. Sugar accounts for 60% of Belize's agricultural exports. BSI also owns and operates a 31.5 MW cogeneration energy power plant (Belcogen) which powers the sugar operations and exports to the national public grid, providing 15% of the country needs (70GWh), increasing Belize’s energy security. The country is heavily reliant on imported energy. BSI agricultural operations and sugar milling facilities are certified by SQF Kosher, Fair Trade, and ProTerra. The latter standard covers all the important challenges relating to large-scale production of agricultural commodities along the whole value chain. It is applicable for all agricultural commodities worldwide, providing compliance with environmental and social criteria as well as Health and Safety Regulations. It also covers key components such as protection of high conservation value areas, protection of children, and of the rights of communities, indigenous people, and small holders. -
Belize Islands Guide
Belize Islands Guide A Guide to Ambergris Caye Caye Caulker and Belize’s Other Islands LAN SLUDER Belize Islands Guide A Guide to Ambergris Caye, Caye Caulker and Belize’s Other Islands Published as an eBook by Equator Publications, Asheville, NC Text and book design © copyright 2002-2010 by Lan Sluder. All rights reserved. Photos by Lan Sluder and Rose Lambert- Sluder. Cover photo used by permission. Maps by Robert O’Hair, New Orleans, LA ISBN: 978-0-9670488-6-4 EQUATOR Publications, Asheville 287 Beaverdam Road • Candler, NC 28715 USA e-mail: [email protected] • www.belizefirst.com This is SHAREWARE: IF YOU FOUND THIS BOOK USEFUL, PLEASE SEND US$5 TO: Lan Sluder 287 Beaverdam Road Candler, NC 28715 USA TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome to Ambergris Caye & the Islands of Belize...7 Practical Information on Ambergris Caye for Your Trip, From A to Z: About Belize, Ambergris, Banks, Bargaining, Bugs, Business Hours, Cars/Golf Carts, Cell Phones, Children, Churches, Climate, Credit Cards, Crime, Dining, Dress, Drink, Drugs, Electricity, Embassies, Entry, Gay and Lesbian Travelers, Golf, Government, Groceries, Handicap Access, Health, Hotels, Holidays, Hurricanes, Internet, Language, Laundry, Mail, Maps, Media, Medical, Money, Nude Beaches, Pharmacies, Population, Sports, Taxes, Taxis, Telephones, Tennis, Time, Tipping, Visitor Information, Water to Drink, Water Taxis ................................................................ 10 Getting to San Pedro ....................................................34 Overnighting in Corozal Town ....................................... 40 Overnighting in Belize City ........................................... 43 Wow! First Impressions of Ambergris Caye ..................... 46 A Tour of the Island...................................................... 47 What It Costs to Vacation Here and Itinerary....................53 Everything You Need to Know about Ambergris Caye.........58 All About Hotels & Resorts on Ambergris Caye................ -
A New Reading Proposal for the Water Scroll Sign T579 As YAM
Glyph Dwellers Report 63 November 2019 A New Reading Proposal for the Water Scroll Sign T579 as YAM Jens Rohark Cancún, Mexico The hieroglyph listed as T579 (Fig. 1a) in the Thompson (1962) catalog and ZUP in the catalog of Macri and Looper ( 2003), is only seldom attested in Maya hieroglyphic writing. Basically, it occurs in only few secure contexts: 1) as part of the emblem glyph of Altun Ha and its place name (Fig. 1b-d); 2) as part of the emblem glyph of Topoxte (Fig. 1.f), 3) in context of a female nominal phrase with the logogram EK' (Fig. 1g), 4) designating the name of a mountain, SAK-T579-wi-WITZ, (Fig. 1h), and 5) as part of the nominal phrase of a wahy being formerly known as "water-jaguar" (Fig. 1i). There are also some examples of T579 in fragmentary inscriptions, where the contexts are, however, not clear (Fig. 1j, k). So far, the most comprehensive study about the glyph T579, which is also known as the 'Water Scroll' Sign, has been published by Helmke, Guenter, and Wanyerka (2018). Their excellent article focuses on the appearances of the Water Scroll emblem glyph, which is associated with the Altun Ha royal family, and, as they argue, stresses the importance of Altun Ha despite of the seemingly small size of that site. The authors briefly mention the possible phonetic reading of the glyph as follows: "... in the absence of a fuller understanding of the semantics of this sign, we are not yet closer to proposing a decipherment. Yet, the iconography does, however, make it clear that the sign marks bodies of water, perhaps specifically freshwater, and may, in fact, represent a wave" (Helmke, Guenter and Wanyerka 2018: 115). -
Ccs Blz En.Pdf
BCCS 2/18/09 10:31 AM Page 1 BCCS 2/18/09 10:31 AM Page 2 BCCS 2/18/09 10:31 AM Page 3 BCCS 2/18/09 10:31 AM Page 4 BELIZE COUNTRY COOPERATION STRATEGY 2008–2011 Photo courtesy Ministry of Health of Belize A Mennonite farmer receives rubella vaccine, 2004. BCCS 2/18/09 10:31 AM Page 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS GLOSSARY 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11 FOREWORD 15 1. INTRODUCTION 16 2. COUNTRY HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND NATIONAL RESPONSE 18 2.1 General context 18 2.2 Health status of the population 19 2.3 Major health problems 20 2.4 Health determinants 26 2.5 Health sector policies and organization 31 2.6 The Millennium Development Goals 37 2.7 Key health priorities and challenges 37 2.8 Opportunities and strengths 38 3. DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AND PARTNERSHIPS: TECHNICAL COOPERATION, AID EFFECTIVENESS, AND COORDINATION 39 3.1 Key international aid and partners in health 39 3.2 National ownership 42 3.3 Alignment and harmonization 42 3.4 Challenges 42 3.5 Opportunities 42 4. PAST AND CURRENT PAHO/WHO COOPERATION 43 4.1 Cooperation overview 43 4.2 Structure and ways of working 45 4.3 Resources 46 4.4 SWOT analysis of PAHO/WHO 48 5. STRATEGIC AGENDA FOR PAHO/WHO’S COOPERATION 49 5.1 Strategic priority 1: improving the health status of the population 50 5.2 Strategic priority 2: addressing key health determinants 54 5.3 Strategic priority 3: strengthening health sector policies and organization 56 5.4 Strategic priority 4: enhancing PAHO/WHO’s response 59 6. -
Ctenosaura Defensor (Cope, 1866)
Ctenosaura defensor (Cope, 1866). The Yucatecan Spiny-tailed Iguana, a regional endemic in the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula, is distributed in the Tabascan Plains and Marshes, Karstic Hills and Plains of Campeche, and Yucatecan Karstic Plains regions in the states of Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatán (Lee, 1996; Calderón-Mandujano and Mora-Tembre, 2004), at elevations from near “sea level to 100 m” (Köhler, 2008). In the original description by Cope (1866), the type locality was given as “Yucatán,” but Smith and Taylor (1950: 352) restricted it to “Chichén Itzá, Yucatán, Mexico.” This lizard has been reported to live on trees with hollow limbs, into which they retreat when approached (Lee, 1996), and individuals also can be found in holes in limestone rocks (Köhler, 2002). Lee (1996: 204) indicated that this species lives “mainly in the xeric thorn forests of the northwestern portion of the Yucatán Peninsula, although they are also found in the tropical evergreen forests of northern Campeche.” This colorful individual was found in low thorn forest 5 km N of Sinanché, in the municipality of Sinanché, in northern coastal Yucatán. Wilson et al. (2013a) determined its EVS as 15, placing it in the lower portion of the high vulnerability category. Its conservation status has been assessed as Vulnerable by the IUCN, and as endangered (P) by SEMARNAT. ' © Javier A. Ortiz-Medina 263 www.mesoamericanherpetology.com www.eaglemountainpublishing.com The Herpetofauna of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula: composition, distribution, and conservation status VÍCTOR HUGO GONZÁLEZ-SÁNCHEZ1, JERRY D. JOHNSON2, ELÍ GARCÍA-PADILLA3, VICENTE MATA-SILVA2, DOMINIC L. DESANTIS2, AND LARRY DAVID WILSON4 1El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.