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Outline and Chart Lago Espanol.Ala.4.4.2015
The Spanish Navigations in the SPANISH LAKE (Pacific Ocean) and their Precedents From the Discovery of the New World (Indies, later America) Spanish explorers threw themselves with “gusto” into further discoverings and expeditions. They carried in their crew not only the “conquerors” and explorers, but also priests, public administrators who would judge the area’s value for colonization, linguists, scientists, and artists. These complete set of crew members charted the coasts, the currents, the winds, the fauna and flora, to report back to the crown for future actions and references. A very important part of the Spanish explorations, is the extent and role of local peoples in Spain’s discoveries. It was the objective of the crown that friendly connections and integration be made. In fact there were “civil wars” among the crown and some “colonizers” to enforce the Laws of Indies which so specified. Today, some of this information has been lost, but most is kept in public and private Spanish Museums, Libraries, Archives and private collections not only in Spain but in the America’s, Phillipines, the Vatican, Germany, Holland, and other european countries, and of course the United States, which over its 200 year existence as a nation, also managed to collect important information of the early explorations. Following is a synopsis of the Spanish adventure in the Pacific Ocean (Lago Español) and its precedents. The Spanish Navigations in the SPANISH LAKE (Pacific Ocean) and their Precedents YEAR EXPLORER AREA EXPLORED OBSERVATIONS 1492 Cristobal -
Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc
Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. 7407 La Jolla Boulevard www.raremaps.com (858) 551-8500 La Jolla, CA 92037 [email protected] Carta Esferica de las Costas del Reyno de Chile Comprendidas Entre Los Parlelos de 38 y 22° de Latitud Sur Levantada de Orden Del Rey en el año de 1790 . Presentada a S.M. POr Mano del Exmo. Señor D. Juan de Langara Secretario de Estado y del Despache Universla de Marina Año de 1799. Stock#: 42399sh Map Maker: Direccion Hidrografica de Madrid Date: 1799 Place: Madrid Color: Uncolored Condition: VG+ Size: 34 x 22.5 inches Price: SOLD Description: First edition of this rare separately issued Spanish Sea Chart of the Coast of Chile. The chart covers the majority of the Chilean coastline from just north of Cobija to south of Concepcion. Place names are confined to the coast, with only the city of Santiago appearing inland. The chart incluces three coastal views. The routes of the twin corvettes of the Spanish Navy, Descubierta Drawer Ref: Oversized 2 Stock#: 42399sh Page 1 of 2 Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. 7407 La Jolla Boulevard www.raremaps.com (858) 551-8500 La Jolla, CA 92037 [email protected] Carta Esferica de las Costas del Reyno de Chile Comprendidas Entre Los Parlelos de 38 y 22° de Latitud Sur Levantada de Orden Del Rey en el año de 1790 . Presentada a S.M. POr Mano del Exmo. Señor D. Juan de Langara Secretario de Estado y del Despache Universla de Marina Año de 1799. and Atrevida, are depicted, along with miniature pointing hands to identify the direction of their voyage. -
Alexandro Malaspina to Ramón Ximénez (*) Cadiz, July 17 1789
Alexandro Malaspina to Ramón Ximénez (*) Cadiz, July 17 1789 Rereading your much appreciated [letters], in which now the candid address, now the soundness of thought and principle, and now the delicacy proper to a person of education seem to compete for prominence, delights me more than it does young Fabio, who, at this point unheeding of my requests, my commands, and the promptings even of his own spirit and conscience, confounds together the great advantages of a fine education with an unutterable love for idleness and superficiality (1). I leave it to him, should he read this letter – which before I seal it I will put in his hands – to justify himself with his mentor, his friend, his second father, in respect of the conduct he has demonstrated up to now. Perhaps he will then pay attention to the advice he has received and the need to put it into practice with due commitment, perhaps to the information he has been and will be given about our expedition, perhaps to the importance of taking advantage of the eight months that have passed since his academic studies ended, and perhaps even to the idea that, if he is judged worthy among the excellent officers among whom he has the good fortune to serve, they will vouch for him in the face of my well-intended accusations in the presence of a judge their respect for whom must surely prevent both accuser and accused from making any false or equivocal representation. I make no complaint about his moral conduct, though in truth his idleness, the foundation of all the vices, is its direct polar opposite; on another point, he constantly avoids my company, which is sought by many other youths absolutely undeserving of general approval; yet although he doesn’t attend the sacraments very often, and although his love for others is liable to evaporate at any moment, there are still good principles rooted in his heart. -
Re-Membering Quirós, Bougainville and Cook in Vanuatu
Chapter 3 The Sediment of Voyages: Re-membering Quirós, Bougainville and Cook in Vanuatu Margaret Jolly Introduction: An Archipelago of Names This chapter juxtaposes the voyages of Quirós in 1606 and those eighteenth-century explorations of Bougainville and Cook in the archipelago we now call Vanuatu.1 In an early and influential work Johannes Fabian (1983) suggested that, during the period which separates these voyages, European constructions of the ªotherº underwent a profound transformation. How far do the materials of these voyages support such a view? Here I consider the traces of these journeys through the lens of this vaunted transformation and in relation to local sedimentations (and vaporisations) of memory. Vanuatu is the name of this archipelago of islands declared at independence in 1980 ± vanua ªlandº and tu ªto stand up, endure; be independentº (see figure 3.1). Both words are drawn from one of the 110 vernacular languages still spoken in the group. But, alongside this indigenous name, there are many foreign place names, the perduring traces of the movement of early European voyagers: Espiritu Santo ± the contraction of Terra Austrialia del Espiritu Santo, the name given by Quirós in 1606;2 Pentecost ± the Anglicisation of Île de Pentecôte, conferred by Bougainville, who sighted this island on Whitsunday, 22 May 1768; Malakula, Erromango and Tanna ± the contemporary spellings of the Mallicollo, Erromanga and Tanna conferred by Cook who named the archipelago the New Hebrides in 1774, a name which, for foreigners at least, lasted from that date till 1980.3 Fortunately, some of these foreign names proved more ephemeral: the island we now know as Ambae, Bougainville called Île des Lepreux (Isle of Lepers), apparently because he mistook the pandemic skin conditions of tinea imbricata or leucodermia for signs of leprosy. -
La Primera Almirante Española, Isabel Barreto En La Segunda Expedición De Mendaña
El Espía Digital – www.elespiadigital.com La primera almirante española, Isabel Barreto en la segunda expedición de Mendaña Por José Antonio Crespo-Francés* Tras el pasado artículo dedicado a los olvidados de Guadalcanal1, 1567, y conocido el tornaviaje2 desde 1564-65, es obligado recordar la segunda y épica expedición de 1595 de asentamiento y poblamiento en la que Álvaro de Mendaña encontró la muerte y donde cobra altura la figura de su esposa Isabel Barreto. Este monumento en la población de Congosto en la provincia de León, donde nació Alvaro de Mendaña, además de un instituto de enseñanza secundaria que lleva su nombre y una placa en la isla Tahuata en las islas Marquesas, a la que Mendaña había dado el nombre de Santa Cristina, son los únicos recuerdos que actualmente podemos encontrar dedicados Mendaña, corto Y cicatero homenaje, como siempre en nuestra España, para un hombre que fue uno de los principales exploradores del Océano Pacífico, casi tan olvidado como su esposa Isabel Barreto. 1 http://www.elespiadigital.com/index.php/informes/2807-los-olvidados-de-guadalcanal-alvaro-de- mendana-pedro-ortega-e-isabel-barreto 2 http://www.elespiadigital.com/index.php/informes/3639-andres-de-urdaneta-y-el-tornaviaje-otro- espanol-olvidado 1 El Espía Digital – www.elespiadigital.com De regreso en Perú, tras su primera expedición, Mendaña vivía cautivo del recuerdo de su experiencia en las paradisíacas Salomón deseando regresar con una gran expedición por los mares del Sur aunque el virrey Toledo llegó a encarcelarle en dos ocasiones por su molesta insistencia. Mendaña no abandonó el empeño y el 27 de abril de 1574 logró de Felipe II el título de “Adelantado”, otorgado con la capitulación para la colonización, aunque tendría que esperar veinte años. -
Uvic Thesis Template
‗That Immense and Dangerous Sea‘: Spanish Imperial Policy and Power During the Exploration of the Salish Sea, 1790-1791. by Devon Drury BA, University of Victoria, 2007 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History Devon Drury, 2010 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee ‗That Immense and Dangerous Sea‘: Spanish Imperial Policy and Power During the Exploration of the Salish Sea, 1790-1791. by Devon Drury BA, University of Victoria, 2007 Supervisory Committee Dr. John Lutz, Department of History Supervisor Dr. Eric W. Sager, Department of History Departmental Member Dr. Patrick A. Dunae, Department of History Departmental Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. John Lutz, Department of History Supervisor Dr. Eric W. Sager, Department of History Departmental Member Dr. Patrick A. Dunae, Department of History Departmental Member In the years between 1789 and 1792 the shores of what is now British Columbia were opened to European scrutiny by a series of mostly Spanish expeditions. As the coastline was charted and explored by agents of European empires, the Pacific Northwest captured the attention of Europe. In order to carry out these explorations the Spanish relied on what turned out to be an experiment in ‗gentle‘ imperialism that depended on the support of the indigenous ―colonized‖. This thesis examines how the Spanish envisioned their imperial space on the Northwest Coast and particularly how that space was shaped through the exploration of the Salish Sea. -
Varietes Les Compagnons De Mendaña Et De Quiros Dans La Mer Du Sud
257 VARIETES LES COMPAGNONS DE MENDAÑA ET DE QUIROS DANS LA MER DU SUD Annie Baert* Aux XVIe et XVIIIe siècles, les autorités espagnoles du Pérou organisèrent les trois premiers voyages européens d’exploration de la partie méridionale de l’Océan Pacifique, découvrant en particulier les îles Salomon, Marquises, Tuamotu et Vanuatu. Cet article résume ce que l’on sait du nombre de personnes embarquées (environ 160 en 1567 et en 1606, mais 430 en 1595, hommes, femmes et enfants, qui allaient s’installer aux Salomon), de leur identité et de leur fonction à bord, puis de leur destin, avec les ravages dus au scorbut, aux heurts avec les indigènes, aux fièvres tropicales, aux tentatives de mutinerie et aux naufrages. Il y a quatre siècles, de nombreuses îles de la Mer du Sud reçurent leurs premiers visiteurs européens, des navigateurs espagnols partis du Pérou explorer les vastes étendues méridionales du nouvel Océan. Vasco Núñez de Balboa, qui le découvrit en 1513, le baptisa Mer du Sud parce qu’il se trouvait au sud de son point de départ, et pour le différencier de l’Atlantique que l’on appelait alors « Mer du Nord » — c’est Pigafetta, qui le traversa en compagnie de Magellan en 1520-1521, qui lui donna le nom de « Pacifique » que l’on connaît aujourd’hui, mais qui ne fut utilisé que bien plus tard. Son intérêt économique majeur était d’ouvrir la voie vers les « îles des Épices » en évitant les eaux portugaises, de sorte que l’Espagne envoya immédiatement ses marins le traverser: c’est ainsi que, pendant la première moitié du XVIe siècle, plusieurs expéditions, organisées depuis la Péninsule ou la côte occidentale du Mexique, le traversèrent d’est en ouest, atteignant sans trop de difficultés les Philippines, les Moluques ou la Nouvelle- Guinée. -
Relacións Culturais E Literarias Entre Galicia E
Coolabah, No.22, 2017, ISSN 1988-5946, Observatori: Centre d’Estudis Australians / Australian Studies Centre, Universitat de Barcelona Australia and Galicia in Transnational Narrativesi María Jesús Lorenzo Modia University of Corunna [email protected] Copyright©2017 María Jesús Lorenzo Modia. This text may be archived and redistributed both in electronic form and in hard copy, provided that the author and journal are properly cited and no fee is charged, in accordance with our Creative Commons Licence. Abstract: This article analyzes the transnational features of narratives between Galicia and Australia from the year 1519 to the Present-day. Sailors like Pedro Fernandez de Quiros and Luis Váez de Torres, who reached Australia in the sixteenth century, will be considered as the starting point of a cultural dialogue still going on in today’s literature not only as regards the geography of the continent but also in the collective imagination of the country. Other connections between these countries are also established by contemporary novelists such as Peter Carey, Sally Morgan and Murray Bail, who use Galician history and places, filtered through British sources, to address Australia and its present-day characters and decolonizing conflicts. Finally, the works of other authors such as Robert Graves and Félix Calvino, who also deal with this literary dialogue in their fiction, are explored. Keywords: Australia; Galicia; Robert Graves; James McAuley; Félix Calvino; transnational fiction; diasporas. Migrations occurred in recent centuries have led to intricate interactions and exchanges between cultures and nations, often involving peoples and countries far removed from one other. Ever since the Renaissance people, cultures and ideas have been in ever-increasing circulation due to migration, exile or other forms of displacement, which has duly resulted in constant and multi-faceted cultural transfers. -
The Spanish Lake
The Spanish Lake The Pacific since Magellan, Volume I The Spanish Lake O. H. K. Spate ‘Let Observation with extensive View, Survey Mankind, from China to Peru ...’ Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] Web: http://epress.anu.edu.au Previously published by the Australian National University Press, Canberra National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Spate, O. H. K. (Oskar Hermann Khristian), 1911–2000 The Spanish Lake Includes index ISBN 1 920942 17 3 ISBN 1 920942 16 5 (Online) 1. Explorers–Spain. 2. Pacific Area–Discovery and exploration. 3. Latin America–Economic conditions–History. 4. Latin America–Civilization–European influences. 5. Pacific Area–History. I. Title. (Series: Spate, O. H. K. [Oskar Hermann Khristian], 1911–2000. The Pacific since Magellan, Vol.1) 910.091823 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Reproduction, setting and all electronic versions by Laserwords Cover design by Brendon McKinley Printed by Digital Print Australia, Adelaide First edition 1979 O. H. K. Spate This edition 2004 O. H. K. Spate In memoriam ARMANDO CORTESAO˜ homem da Renascenc¸a renascido Figure 1. PACIFIC WINDS AND CURRENTS. 1, approx. limits of Trade Wind belts, April- September; 2, same in October-March; 3, approx. trend of main currents; 4,ofmaindrifts;5,encloses area dominated by Southeast Asian monsoons; 6, areas of high typhoon risk, especially July-October; 7, belt of calms and light airs (Doldrums). -
A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship
A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship International Journal of Naval History April 2009 ISSN 1932-6556 Volume 8 Number 1 An Australian Perspective on the English Invasions of the Rio de la Plata in 1806 and 1807 Robert J. King On 13 September 1806 Prime Minister William Grenville and his ministers in London received a dispatch from Brigadier-General William Carr Beresford in Buenos Aires informing them of the capture of that city on the preceding 27 June by the small detachment of 1,635 troops under his command, which had been transported to the Rio de la Plata from Cape Town by a squadron of six warships and five transports commanded by Commodore Sir Home Popham.1 The expedition had been carried out entirely on the initiative of Popham. He had commanded the fleet which had transported the forces under General David Baird that had captured Cape Town from the Dutch some months before, and he had persuaded Baird to provide the detachment under General Beresford for the expedition to the Rio de la Plata. The unexpected and unlooked for success of this expedition provoked a spasm of activity from the Government in London to take advantage of the situation. A force of a little more than 4,000 troops under the command of Sir Samuel Auchmuty sailed from England directly for the Rio de la Plata on 9 October. In addition, in the belief that the moment had come for decisive blows to be struck against the Spanish Empire, plans were drawn up for wide-ranging expeditions against Chile, Mexico and the Philippines. -
The Land and Sea Borne Quest to Establish the Real Presidio De San Carlos De Monterey, 1602-1770
BOLETIN d CALIFORNIA MISSIONS FOUNDATION "THE BEST PORT ONE COULD DESIRE" The Land and Sea Borne Quest to Establish the Real Presidio de San Carlos de Monterey, 1602-1770 9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9= 9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9=9==9=9=9=9=9=9= Jennifer A. Lucido and Rubén G. Mendoza, CSU Monterey Bay Introduction About the Authors Jennifer A. Lucido, MA, is an alumna of the Master of Arts in Cultural Resources While the 1769 founding of the Mission and Presidio of San Diego Management Program at Sonoma State University. She has since published a number de Alcalá set the stage for the first and oldest Spanish colony of Alta of academic papers on the Spanish Royal California, the settlement of the Monterey Bay was long construed Presidio of Monterey. Jennifer’s scholarly contributions in “furthering the preservation a vital maritime objective. With the financial and logistical support and protection of the California Missions” of the ninth Viceroy of New Spain, Gaspar de Zúñiga Acevedo y were acknowledged by the California Mission Curators and Directors Conference with the Fonseca, Quinto Conde de Monterrey (1560-1606), the Spanish soldier, granting of the Father Fermín Francisco de merchant, and navigator Sebastián Vizcaíno (1548-1624) was Lasuén Award for 2014. Presently, Jennifer is a full-time faculty member in the Social & charged with identifying suitable ports along the Pacific coast of Continued next page the Californias for the safe passage of the Manila Galleons. -
Malaspina's Visit to Doubtful Sound, New Zealand, 25 February 1793
New Zealand and the EU Revisiting the Malaspina Expedition: Cultural Contacts and Contexts November 2011 Guest Editor, José Colmeiro School of European Languages and Literatures The University of Auckland Anne Salmond Mercedes Camino Anthropology Department Hispanic Studies Department The University of Auckland Lancaster University Phyllis S. Herda James Braund Anthropology Department School of European Languages The University of Auckland and Literatures The University of Auckland Research Series Editor: Hannah Brodsky-Pevzner Honorary Research Fellow School of European Languages and Literatures The University of Auckland The Europe Institute is a multi-disciplinary research institute that brings together researchers from a large number of different departments, including Anthropology, Art History, International Business and Commerce, Economics, European Languages and Literature, Film, Media and TV Studies, Law, and Political Studies. The mission of the Institute is to promote research, scholarship and teaching on contemporary Europe and EU-related issues, including social and economic relations, political processes, trade and investment, security, human rights, education, culture and collaboration on shared Europe-New Zealand concerns. ISSN 1177 8229 © The Publishers and each contributor CONTENTS PREFACE: JOSÉ COLMEIRO European Explorations in the South Pacific: The Underexplored Narratives of the Malaspina Expedition v ANNE SALMOND Not a Trace, however Remote, of Inhabitants: Malaspina’s Visit to Doubtful Sound, New Zealand, 25 February