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Afghanistan Review 1 01 December 2010 AFGHANISTAN REVIEW Inside This Issue Economic Stabilization This document is intended to provide an overview of relevant sector Governance & Participation events in Afghanistan from 23 November–30 November 2010. More Humanitarian Assistance comprehensive information is available on the Civil-Military Overview (CMO) at www.cimicweb.org. Hyperlinks to original source material Infrastructure are highlighted in blue and underlined in the embedded text. Justice & Reconciliation Security Social Well-Being For further information on CFC activities related to Afghanistan or inquiries about this publication, please contact the Afghanistan Team Manager: Valeria Davanzo, [email protected] or the Afghanistan Editor: Amber Ram- sey, [email protected] ECONOMIC STABILIZATION Steve Zyck, [email protected] / +1 757-683-4275 Back to top Mineral and energy deposits in Afghanistan were the ban was allegedly instituted as a result of the Af- subject of continued discussion this week. An official ghan government‟s failure to update its 1972 avia- from Afghanistan‟s Ministry of Mines (MoM) told Tolo tion regulations or establish a civil aviation author- News that oil deposits in northern Afghanistan would ity. According to Reuters, the ban affects Safi Air- be opened for tender by the end of the year. Offi- lines in particular, which is one of three Afghanistan cials say that oil deposits around Sheberghan, in -registered airlines to offer flights to Europe in re- Jowzjan province, and Qashqari, in Sar-e Pul prov- cent years. The EU's recent decision also served to ince, will likely be tendered first. Experts interviewed extend and expand previously-imposed restrictions by Tolo News have suggested that investor interest on Ariana Afghan Airlines and Kam Air, the two in Afghanistan‟s energy and mineral resources may other banned carriers. Pajhwok Afghan News also be undermined by insecurity as well as the costs notes that Safi Airlines is working with EU officials involved in protecting mining sites. An article by to formalise a separate operation which will be reg- Reuters also highlighted challenges in gold mining in istered in Europe to circumvent the ban. Takhar province, where villagers living in areas sur- rounding a major mine have instituted a blockade. Tolo News reports that Afghan officials are con- According to Reuters, community members are pro- cerned over donors having pledged only USD 1 bil- testing the mining company‟s use of workers from lion in support of agriculture despite having ap- other parts of northern Afghanistan and its failure to proved a USD 4 billion agriculture development provide community development projects which it strategy at the London and Kabul conferences ear- had previously promised. The article suggests that lier this year. Potential shortfalls in aid financing the complications at this gold mine could be indica- were also raised by the Integrated Regional Infor- tive of what experts have labeled a “resource curse”, mation Network (IRIN), which echoed Afghans‟ and a dynamic in which the discovery of natural re- aid agencies‟ concerns that the international com- sources fuels conflict and social unrest. munity may significantly reduce development assis- tance to Afghanistan once foreign troops begin to The transport of goods and people between Afghani- leave the country. (Comments? Click here) stan and Europe has reportedly been jeopardised by the European Union‟s decision to ban air carriers registered in Afghanistan, says Business Week. The FOR MORE DISCUSSION CLICK HERE 2 GOVERNANCE & PARTICIPATION Anne-Catherine Claude, [email protected] / +1 757-683-4368 Back to top On 24 November, the Independent Election Commis- results to be „final‟, reports Agence France-Presse. sion (IEC) released the long-awaited final results of On 01 December, the IEC Chairman announced that the 18 September parliamentary elections. The re- the results for the disputed province of Ghazni sults, however, only covered 33 of the country‟s 34 would be endorsed and from the standpoint of Ma- provinces, with results for Ghazni province being nawi, “this electoral process is now over.” Once the delayed due to “technical problems” cited by IEC newly-elected lower house is inaugurated, the na- Chairman Fazel Ahmad Manawi, reports Agence tional assembly, which has been in recess for the France-Presse. Meanwhile, the BBC and other inter- past three weeks, will reconvene and resume its national media sources report that the results in legislative functions. Ghazni were delayed because Afghanistan‟s largest ethnic group, the Pashtuns, failed to win a single Meanwhile, the Attorney General has declared the seat (see 23 November CFC Weekly Afghanistan Re- final results of the parliamentary elections illegal as view, Governance and Participation section). The his office is still conducting investigations into possi- Washington Post added that close aides to President ble fraud and bribery. Furthermore, the Deputy At- Karzai have warned that certifying the current re- torney General called on the IEC to discontinue de- sults in Ghazni could lead to further instability as livering certification letters to winning candidates, there is the risk that the Pashtun majority would arguing that “if a candidate wins a seat based on move closer to the Taliban. Discussing the results in invalid and fraudulent votes, his certificates itself Ghazni, Abdullah Ahmadzai, a member of the IEC, will be invalid.” According to The Wall Street Jour- stated that “there are two possibilities: one is certifi- nal, the Afghan authorities have arrested nine pri- cation of Ghazni‟s results and announcing them, and vate citizens and issued a warrant for the arrest of one will be any decision otherwise, which will include four election officials, including the spokespersons a rerun of the election.” Moreover, The Washington for the IEC and ECC, on allegations on fraud (see Post added that organising a rerun of the elections 23 November CFC Weekly Afghanistan Review, Gov- in Ghazni might result in the same outcome due to ernance and Participation section). the difficulty in securing areas where polling centres were prevented from opening during the first round. In an interview with Agence France-Presse, Afghan Other concerns cited include the possibility that ad- opposition leader, Abdullah Abdullah, criticised the ditional provinces might call for a new vote. Never- move by the AGO, arguing that the government is theless, according to Reuters, the head of the IEC “using the AGO to pressure the election commis- excluded the possibility of holding another country- sions” after not receiving the results it expected. wide election, stating that “despite all the shortcom- However, according to presidential spokesman Wa- ings, it was a major success for Afghanistan”; how- heed Omar, Karzai does not intend to intervene in ever, the BBC notes that Manawi did not rule out the the current quarrel between the AGO and the IEC, possibility of holding another round in Ghazni. adding that he is prepared to inaugurate the new parliament once the results are certified by the IEC. While disputes continue over the certification of the (Comments? Click here) final winners of Wolesi Jirga seats in Afghanistan‟s parliamentary elections, the IEC has declared the FOR MORE DISCUSSION CLICK HERE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE Erin Foster, [email protected] / +1 757-683-4233 Back to top The Famine Early Warning Systems Network food insecure in the coming six months due to good (FEWSNET) suggests that hunger in Afghanistan will harvests and sufficient labour opportunities. While see an increase during the 2010 winter season. Ac- internally displaced people (IDPs) and returning cording to the update, wheat harvests are less than refugees from Pakistan in the eastern, southern and in 2009 but wheat market values are more stable central provinces of Afghanistan are likely to face than in 2008. The November Food Security Outlook moderate to high food insecurity. Update for Afghanistan also forecasts a potential problem with winter wheat levels resulting from in- According to a recent article in The Washington adequate precipitation but the harvest impact is still Post, the majority of asylum seekers worldwide unknown. The update states that the north, north- have originated from Afghanistan. A Commissioner east, northwest and western provinces of Afghani- of the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commis- stan, excluding Badakhshan, are not expected to be sion (AIHRC), Ahmad Nader Nadery, attributed the 3 high number of asylum seekers to the Afghan popu- remaining forged cards will be cancelled and any lation‟s pessimistic outlook on the future. A reported property bought with those cards could be confis- 2,705 Afghans applied for asylum in Australia this cated. year alone and 113 applied for asylum in the United States – the highest since 2002. UNHCR statistics as Global efforts to eradicate landmines reached a of January 2010 show 30,412 Afghans sought asy- landmark in 2009 with 198 sq km of mined areas lum during this period. The article further notes that and 359 sq km of former battle grounds being Afghans pay upwards of USD 20,000 per person to cleared, reports the Integrated Regional Informa- human smugglers for the procurement of fake docu- tion Network (IRIN). The Landmine & Cluster Muni- ments and the facilitation of their entry into foreign tion Monitor released its annual report last week countries. attributing the gains to “momentum, political will and the stability of funding.” Afghanistan received In related news, Pajhwok Afghan News reports Paki- USD 107 million in 2009 for mine clearance pro- stan government authorities have cancelled 80,000 grammes that were labelled as humanitarian in na- out of 100,000 computerised national identity cards ture. The report finds that although the use of land- (CNICs) that were illegally issued to Afghan refu- mines has been reduced globally, they are still be- gees. Pajhwok adds that nearly 1.6 million Afghan ing used by non-state armed groups in Afghanistan.
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