Common Terms Used in Animal Feeding and Nutrition
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Fish Processing Wastes Used As Feed Ingredient for Animal Feed and Aquaculture Feed
Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 6(2) 55-64 2020 Fish processing wastes used as feed ingredient for animal feed and aquaculture feed Afreen M.1; Ucak I.1* Received: May 2019 Accepted: July 2019 Abstract: Fish wastes management has become a global problem from the last years. Dispose of seafood wastes cause environmental pollution. To overcome this issue these unwanted seafood products are used for the formation of animal feed and aquaculture feed. These unwanted products include small fish and those parts of fish which are not used as human food. These unwanted parts include viscera, head, fins and skin of fish. These byproducts are rich source of protein, minerals and vitamins so these can be used as a supplement in animal feed. These are also used to fulfill the deficiency of protein in animals. These byproducts can be used in the form of fish meal, fish oil, and protein hydrolysates and fish silage. Protein hydrolysates provide high amount of nitrogen and fish oil provide triglycerides of fatty acids and phospholipids in the animal feed industry. These are also used in the formation of pet feed and in the formation of fertilizers. These byproducts are processed for feeding by using fermentation, biotechnological and bio preservation techniques. Keywords: Seafood, Byproduct, Supplement, Fish silage, Fish oil, Protein hydrolysate. Downloaded from sifisheriessciences.com at 14:03 +0330 on Wednesday October 6th 2021 [ DOI: 10.18331/SFS2020.6.2.7 ] 1-Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, -
Nutritional Support of Dogs and Cats After Surgery Or Illness
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2014, 4, 44-57 Published Online April 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojvm http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2014.44006 Nutritional Support of Dogs and Cats after Surgery or Illness Ronald J. Corbee1*, Wim J. S. Van Kerkhoven2 1Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan, Utrecht, The Netherlands 2Viyo International NV, Ijzerenpoortkaai 3, Antwerpen, Belgium Email: *[email protected] Received 24 February 2014; revised 20 March 2014; accepted 27 March 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Nutritional support early during the postoperative period or after onset of illness decreases the mortality rate and shortens the duration of hospitalization of dogs and cats. The preferred feeding route is dependent on the condition of the patient. If there are no contraindications, every patient must receive nutritional support, at least consistent with the resting energy requirement (RER). Several nutrients may be beneficial during healing and recovery from illness or surgery, but further research is needed to empirically certify the effects of these nutrients in critically ill patients. Keywords Recovery, Food Supplementation, Nutrition, Nutraceuticals 1. Introduction Nutritional support is important for animals during recovery from illness or surgery. Many animals will recover from mild illness or standard surgical procedures at home, but patients with more severe disease or conditions will be hospitalized during recovery. It is recommended to have a protocol for nutritional support of hospitalized patients since early nutritional support has been reported to improve outcome and to shorten hospitalization time in humans [1] [2] and dogs [3]. -
Screening Local Feed Ingredients of Benin, West Africa, for Fish Feed
Aquaculture Reports 17 (2020) 100386 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Aquaculture Reports journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/aqrep Screening local feed ingredients of Benin, West Africa, for fish feed formulation T Adékambi Désiré Adéyèmia, Adéchola P. Polycarpe Kayodéa,*, Ifagbemi Bienvenue Chabia, Oloudé B. Oscar Odouaroa, Martinus J.R. Noutb, Anita R. Linnemannc a Laboratory of Valorization and Quality Management of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin b Ronfostec, Papenpad 14, 6705 AX Wageningen, the Netherlands c Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The cost of fish feed is a major constraint to fish farming in Sub-Sahara Africa. In the aquaculture value chain, Fish feed feed is a determining factor and accounts for 60-75% of the total cost of fish production in many African Ingredient countries. Therefore, 284 actors from all eight agro-ecological areas of Benin were interviewed and 28 local feed Nutritional quality ingredients were collected as alternative ingredients for new fish feed formulations for, predominantly, Clarias Availability gariepinus and Tilapia niloticus. Three categories of feeds were used, namely imported (84% of farmers), locally Cost produced to complement imported feeds (76%) and natural ingredients (81%). The main imported feeds were Clarias gariepinus from the Netherlands (59% of farmers), Ghana (52%) and France (15%). Natural ingredients were mostly Moringa leaves (52%), cassava leaves (26%) and maggots (43%). The best available ingredients were cereal bran, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, cassava chips, palm kernel cake, soybean and maize. -
Whole Food Veterinary Clinical Nutrition
2019 Veterinary Guide Whole Food Veterinary Clinical Nutrition Comprehensive Veterinary Product Guide for the exclusive use by licensed veterinarians and technicians It’s Time Vets Take Back Nutrition! JustFoodForDogs offers the world’s first line of clinically proven, scientifically tested, specialist approved daily and veterinary support fresh whole food diets. We have amassed a tremendous amount of pet nutrition knowledge since the first kibble and canned commercial formulas were created, and many veterinarians and pet owners are no longer accepting these feed grade foods – and their highly processed ingredients – as the best nutrition to give to their pets. Our mission is to transform our pets’ health through nutrition and veterinarians are our most valued partners. Our daily recipes are the only whole food diets that have been clinically shown to boost the immune system through independent university research. The results were published in the Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. Our line of daily diets have undergone robust humane feeding trials and digestibility studies through independent universities, and we are committed to ongoing research in fresh whole food nutrition. Our concept is simple: we use only ingredients inspected and approved by the USDA for human consumption to maximize bioavailability and quality and to minimize potential contaminants and toxins. We cook the food to minimum safe temperatures established by the FDA in our own kitchens in Southern California – nothing is raw. Our food is prepared fresh daily in small batches, instantly chilled and packaged fresh frozen. Refrigeration is our only preservative. We worked closely with board certified specialists in various fields on the development of our veterinary line of diets, and we regularly test our food and ingredients through independent laboratories and through our board certified veterinary toxicologist and professor at Western University, Dr. -
Resources for Fish Feed in Future Mariculture
Vol. 1: 187–200, 2011 AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS Published online March 10 doi: 10.3354/aei00019 Aquacult Environ Interact OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS AS I SEE IT Resources for fish feed in future mariculture Yngvar Olsen* Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT: There is a growing concern about the ability to produce enough nutritious food to feed the global human population in this century. Environmental conflicts and a limited freshwater supply constrain further developments in agriculture; global fisheries have levelled off, and aquaculture may have to play a more prominent role in supplying human food. Freshwater is important, but it is also a major challenge to cultivate the oceans in an environmentally, economically and energy- friendly way. To support this, a long-term vision must be to derive new sources of feed, primarily taken from outside the human food chain, and to move carnivore production to a lower trophic level. The main aim of this paper is to speculate on how feed supplies can be produced for an expanding aquaculture industry by and beyond 2050 and to establish a roadmap of the actions needed to achieve this. Resources from agriculture, fish meal and fish oil are the major components of pellet fish feeds. All cultured animals take advantage of a certain fraction of fish meal in the feed, and marine carnivores depend on a supply of marine lipids containing highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA, with ≥3 double bonds and ≥20 carbon chain length) in the feed. The availability of HUFA is likely the main constraint for developing carnivore aquaculture in the next decades. -
Building the Case for Innovative Animal Feeds
MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP Building the case for innovative animal feeds How KPMG True Value helped KPMG in Germany January 2020 CROP MARKS CROP © 2020 KPMG AG Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International 1 Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Printed in Germany. The KPMG name and logo are registered trademarks of KPMG International. MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP The results of this analysis could change perceptions within the livestock production industry. They could trigger meaningful dialogue across the value chain and help to shift farming towards more sustainable practices. Dr. Emmanuel Auer Head of Animal Nutrition, Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH CROP MARKS CROP © 2020 KPMG AG Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International 2 Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Printed in Germany. The KPMG name and logo are registered trademarks of KPMG International. MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP MARGIN CROP MARKS CROP How KPMG True Value helped Innovative animal feed can reduce environmental and social impacts As the world’s population grows, so does demand for meat, fish, milk and eggs. However, livestock farming also contributes to some of the world’s most serious challenges, including climate change, land degradation, and pollution. More sustainable methods of livestock farming are therefore urgently needed and altering the composition of animal feeds is one potential solution. -
Breeding Oats As High Quality Animal Feed Sandy Cowan*, Irene Griffiths
Breeding oats as high quality animal feed Sandy Cowan*, Irene Griffiths Catherine Howarth, Tim Langdon and Athole Marshall IBERS, Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EE, Wales, UK In contrast to many other parts of the world, oats in the UK are mainly used for human consumption with oats not of milling quality sold for animal feed. However some dedicated markets for feed oats exist including feed for racehorses. At IBERS we breed husked and naked varieties of winter and spring oats that are marketed by our commercial partners Senova Ltd. There has been considerable effort in recent years aimed at the development of naked oats predominantly for poultry and monogastrics. Naked oats have some of the highest metabolizable energy (ME) values of the cereals and we have made good progress breeding high yielding naked oat varieties with high energy and protein. Recent studies in the Quoats project demonstrated the value of naked oats for animal feed. Their high oil content together with good protein content and the composition of essential amino acids make them an ideal ingredient. Naked oats also have some established niche markets such as inclusion into feed for companion animals, racehorses and as wild bird food. However they have not yet achieved mainstream adoption as animal feed probably due to the lower yield compared to husked oats. Husked oats produce higher yields and are more widely available than naked oats. For the ruminant market we are now developing oat varieties that combine a high oil groat with low lignin husk (trade mark “HiDioat” Senova Ltd). The high oil provides the high ME value for the feed ration and the low lignin husk is more digestible than a standard husk, making an ideal ruminant feed and as a husked oat will immediately be 20-30 % higher yielding than naked oat. -
The Introduction of Insect Meal Into Fish Diet: the First Economic Analysis on European Sea Bass Farming
sustainability Article The Introduction of Insect Meal into Fish Diet: The First Economic Analysis on European Sea Bass Farming Brunella Arru 1,*, Roberto Furesi 1, Laura Gasco 2 , Fabio A. Madau 1,* and Pietro Pulina 1 1 Department of Agriculture—University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari (SS), Italy; [email protected] (R.F.); [email protected] (P.P.) 2 Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco (To), Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.A.); [email protected] (F.A.M.); Tel.: +39-07-922-9259 (B.A.); +39-07-922-9258 (F.A.M.) Received: 21 January 2019; Accepted: 14 March 2019; Published: 21 March 2019 Abstract: The economic and environmental sustainability of aquaculture depends significantly on the nature and quality of the fish feed used. One of the main criticisms of aquaculture is the need to use significant amounts of fish meal, and other marine protein sources, in such feed. Unfortunately, the availability of the oceanic resources, typically used to produce fish feed, cannot be utilized indefinitely to cover the worldwide feed demand caused by ever-increasing aquaculture production. In light of these considerations, this study estimates how aquaculture farm economic outcomes can change by introducing insect meal into the diet of cultivated fish. Several possible economic effects are simulated, based on various scenarios, with different percentages of insect flour in the feed and varying meal prices using a case study of a specialized off-shore sea bass farm in Italy. The findings indicate that the introduction of insect meal—composed of Tenebrio molitor—would increase feeding costs due to the high market prices of this flour and its less convenient feed conversion ratio than that of fish meal. -
Traditional and Novel Carbohydrate Sources for Dogs and Cats As the Most Important Source of Energy for Dogs and Cats, Carbohydrates Are Vital Nutrients in Pet Diets
December 2015 US$39.00 SPECIAL REPORT Traditional and Novel Carbohydrate Sources for Dogs and Cats As the most important source of energy for dogs and cats, carbohydrates are vital nutrients in pet diets. Carbohydrates are also critical to the proper manufacture of most commercial pet foods. Fortunately, an abundance of safe carbohydrates—natural and synthetic—are available to the pet food industry for use in all types of dietary formulas, even those that are grain-free. by Heather F. Mangian, Ph.D.; Maria R.C. de Godoy, Ph.D.; and George C. Fahey Jr., Ph.D. Traditional and Novel Carbohydrate Sources for Dogs and Cats by Heather F. Mangian, Ph.D.; Maria R.C. de Godoy, Ph.D.; and George C. Fahey Jr., Ph.D. hen the topic of carbohydrates comes up related to pet animal nutrition, some consider this very important nutrient category as a Wtoxin to be avoided at all costs. Popular press articles and Internet chat routinely demonize carbohydrates as being harmful for the health and well-being of dogs and cats. However, a quick review of the facts about carbohydrates reveals their importance in companion animal nutrition and commercial pet food production. Carbohydrates are the major energy-containing constituent of plants and represent about 60 to 90 percent of plant dry matter. In plants, carbohydrates fall either into the “structural” category, composed of plant cell walls, or the “non-structural” category, composed of plant cell contents. The carbohydrates found in the cell contents are starch, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, fructan polysaccharides and resistant starch. Cell walls consist of beta glucans, pectins, gums, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin/phenolics. -
Animal Feed/Fodder Market Actors Mapping and the Agribusiness of Livestock Feed in Northwest Syria
Animal Feed/Fodder Market Actors Mapping and the Agribusiness of Livestock Feed in Northwest Syria May 2021 A poultry farm destroyed by an air strike in Syria. Photo courtesy of NGO Independent Arabia. Animal Feed/Fodder Market Actors Mapping Study on North West Syria Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION 4 II. BACKGROUND 4 III. Study Objectives 5 IV. Methodology 6 V. Results 7 A. Traders/Commercial Feed Industry Assessment (Ownership and Type of Business) 7 B. Fodder and Animal Feed Producer Factory Status 8 C. Fodder and Animal Feed Production and Sales 9 D. Production Cost per Metric Ton 12 E. Production Change 14 F. Needed Support to Sustain or Improve Business Operations. 15 G. Availability and Source of Commercial Products 15 H. Seasonal Prices of Raw Materials for Animal Feed 18 I. Quality Control across the fodder/animal feed value chain 25 J. Taxes 25 VI. DISCUSSION 28 VII. CONCLUSION 29 VIII. RECOMMENDATIONS 29 List of Tables Table 1: Estimated facility rehabilitation cost. 9 Table 2: Fodder Average Production Cost 12 2 Animal Feed/Fodder Market Actors Mapping Study on North West Syria List of Figures Figure 1: Number and Type of Market Actors Reached per Governorate 7 Figure 2: Infrastructure Rehabilitation Needs 9 Figure 3: Number of Market Actors that Produce/Sell Green Fodder 9 Figure 4: Average Monthly Production/Sales of Fodder (MT/Month) 10 Figure 5: Number of Market Actors that Produce/Sell Animal Feed 10 Figure 6: Average Monthly Production/Sales of Animal Feed for Cow and Sheep (MT/Month) 11 Figure 7: Average Monthly Production/Sales -
Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition
Lee Russell McDowell Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition SECOND EDITION Iowa State University Press / Ames VITAMINS IN ANIMAL AND HUMAN NUTRITION Lee Russell McDowell Vitamins in Animal and Human Nutrition SECOND EDITION Iowa State University Press / Ames Lee Russell McDowell, PhD, is a professor of animal science in the Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville. His research interests center pri- marily on minerals for grazing livestock, vitamins for livestock, and feed composition. Dr. McDowell also collaborates with numerous animal nutritionists in tropical coun- tries of Latin America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. © 2000 Iowa State University Press; 1989 Academic Press All rights reserved Iowa State University Press 2121 South State Avenue, Ames, Iowa 50014 Orders: 1-800-862-6657 Office: 1-515-292-0140 Fax: 1-515-292-3348 Web site: www.isupress.edu Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or per- sonal use of specific clients, is granted by Iowa State University Press, provided that the base fee of $.10 per copy is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payments has been arranged. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is 0-8138-2630-6/2000 $.10. Printed on acid-free paper in the United States of America First edition, 1989 (© Academic Press) Second edition, 2000 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McDowell, L. R. Vitamins in animal and human nutrition/Lee Russell McDowell—2nd ed. -
Intensive Livestock Farming: Global Trends, Increased Environmental Concerns, and Ethical Solutions
J Agric Environ Ethics (2009) 22:153–167 DOI 10.1007/s10806-008-9136-3 Intensive Livestock Farming: Global Trends, Increased Environmental Concerns, and Ethical Solutions Ramona Cristina Ilea Accepted: 14 November 2008 / Published online: 11 December 2008 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract By 2050, global livestock production is expected to double—growing faster than any other agricultural sub-sector—with most of this increase taking place in the developing world. As the United Nation’s four-hundred-page report, Livestock’s Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options, documents, livestock production is now one of three most significant contributors to environmental problems, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation, water pollution, and increased health prob- lems. The paper draws on the UN report as well as a flurry of other recently published studies in order to demonstrate the effect of intensive livestock production on global warming and on people’s health. The paper’s goal is to outline the problems caused by intensive livestock farming and analyze a number of possible solutions, including legis- lative changes and stricter regulations, community mobilizing, and consumers choosing to decrease their demand for animal products. Keywords Agriculture Á Animals Á Environment Á Ethics Á Farming Á Livestock Á Meat Global Trends and Overview Approximately 56 billion land animals are raised and killed worldwide every year for human consumption (FAO, n.d.).1 By 2050, global farm animal production is expected to double—growing faster than any other agricultural sub-sector—with most of those increases taking place in the developing world (FAO 2006b, p.