Open-File Report 2015–1112 Geology and Assessment of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources of Northeastern Mexico By U.S. Geological Survey Mexico Assessment Team Sabinas Basin Discussion Introduction The quantitative methodology used by the USGS for this assessment of unconventional oil and 2015 The USGS approach to defining AUs in the Turonian Agua Nueva Formation and gas resources differs from that used in other unconventional assessments. The differences in method- The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation in the Tithonian La Casita Formation of the Sabinas Basin began with the map showing ology must be considered when attempting to compare assessment results. The potential area assessed the distribution of TOC greater than 1 weight-percent (figs. 17 and 18). Using analog by the USGS must have source rocks with greater than 2 weight-percent TOC, have greater than 15 with the U.S. Department of State, quantitatively assessed meter thickness of organic-rich shale, be within the proper thermal maturation windows for oil or gas Northeastern Mexico percentages for areas with greater than 2 weight-percent from the Tampico-Misantla Ba- Burgos Basin generation. The maps supplied by PEMEX for the Agua Nueva and La Casita Formations in the Bur- the potential for unconventional oil and gas resources with- Tampico-Misantla Basin sin, the AUs were defined as areas with greater than 2 weight-percent TOC, and with Geologic Provinces gos Basin and Sabinas Basin were based on greater than 1 weight-percent TOC, so the areas used in the additional condition that because of adverse effects of tectonism only about one in the onshore portions of the Tampico-Misantla Basin, 102° 100° 98° 96° 94° 92° The USGS approach to defining AUs in the Turonian Agua Nueva Formation and in the Tithonian La Casita Formation of the USGS assessments (>2 weight-percent TOC) are less than that shown on the PEMEX maps. 32° Tithonian Pimienta / La Casita Formation the Burgos Basin began with the map showing the distribution of TOC greater than one weight-percent (figs. 12–14). Using third of the remaining area was estimated to have potential for shale oil or shale gas. Burgos Basin, and Sabinas Basin provinces of northeastern The USGS approach to defining assessment units in the Tithonian Pimienta / La Casita Formation of the Tampico-Misantla Basin began with the map showing the distri- analog percentages for areas with greater than 2 weight-percent from the Tampico-Misantla Basin, the AUs were defined as Assessment Input 30° bution of total organic carbon (TOC) (fig. 4). The intersection of the map of TOC greater than 2 weight-percent (fig. 5) with the thermal maturity map (fig. 6) produced the Mexico (fig. 1). Unconventional resources of the Veracruz areas with greater than 2 weight-percent TOC. Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU La Casita Shale Gas AU Input to the assessment of unconventional oil and gas resources includes several key pa- UNITED STATES AU map (fig. 7) for the modal shale-oil area (green) and shale-gas area (red) used in the assessment. 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 103° 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° rameters that represent probability distributions that illustrate the uncertainty in these parameters 29° TURONIAN TITHONIAN Basin were not quantitatively assessed because of a current 28° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° Sabinas Basin Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU La Casita Shale Gas AU (table 1). The distribution of potential area incorporates TOC, maturity, depth, and thickness data, Magiscatzin Basin Magiscatzin Basin Province TITHONIAN TITHONIAN TITHONIAN TITHONIAN 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 103° 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 29° Taumaulipas Arch Province lack of required geological information. Unconventional Magiscatzin Basin Province and represents one of the key sources of geologic uncertainty. The distributions for estimated Taumaulipas Arch Burgos Burgos Taumaulipas Arch Burgos Burgos Basin Taumaulipas Arch Basin 29° TURONIAN 29° TURONIAN TITHONIAN TOC Magiscatzin Basin Basin THERMAL Basin 26° Province TOC FINAL ultimate recovery (EUR), well drainage areas, and success ratio are from U.S. analog Province Province Province Agua Nueva Burgos Basin 24° 24° 24° 28° 24° Shale Oil resources include shale gas, shale oil, tight gas, tight oil, Province >1 WEIGHT- MATURITY 29° > 2 WEIGHT - AU MAP 53000461 28° unconventional accumulations. Sabinas Basin Province and coalbed gas. Undiscovered conventional oil and gas re- 24° GULF PERCENT PERCENT MEXICO OF 28° 28° USA MEXICO Assessment Results 23° 28° 23° 23° 23° 27° sources were assessed in Mexico in 2012 (U.S. Geological 27° Tampico–Misantla Quantitative assessment results for 11 unconventional AUs of northeast Mexico are sum- Tampico–Misantla USA USA 22° Basin Province Tampico–Misantla Tampico–Misantla Tampico-Misantla Basin Province Basin Province Basin Province USA USA Survey World Energy Assessment Team, 2012). Basin Province marized in table 2. For unconventional oil resources, the mean total is 776 million barrels of oil 27° 27° La Casita Agua Nueva 27° Shale Gas 26° (MMBO), with a range from 353 to 1,365 MMBO; for unconventional gas the mean total is 23,474 22° MEXICO 22° MEXICO Shale Gas 53000361 Sabinas Burgos 22° MEXICO 22° MEXICO 26° Basin Basin 20° GULF GULF GULF 53000462 MEXICO MEXICO Veracruz Basin GULF Province Province S OF billion cubic feet (BCFG), with a range from 7,431 to 44,630 BCFG; and a mean total of 883 mil- S OF S OF Province S OF I MEXICO I MEXICO Burgos E E I MEXICO E I MEXICO UNITED STATES R R E R Basin Area of R R R lion barrels of natural gas liquids (MMBNGL), with a range from 278 to 1,690 MMBNGL. R 26° figure A A R Sabinas Sabinas Province ATLANTIC A 26° 26° 25° OCEAN A Basin Basin Burgos GULF OF 18° 130°0'0"W 120°0'0"W 110°0'0"W 100°0'0"W 90°0'0"W 80°0'0"W 70°0'0"W 60°0'0"W MEXICO MEXICO MEXICO MEXICO 21° 21° Province Province Basin Of the mean unconventional oil total of 776 MMBO, about 82 percent is in the Tampico-Misantla PACIFIC M M 21° 21° 25° Methodology OCEAN M M A A Burgos Province D D A A Burgos R R D Basin Eagleford EXPLANATIONGas D Basin Eagleford Oil R Basin (55 percent; 426 MMBO) is estimated to be in the Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU; (27 percent; UNITED STATES E E R Smackover E Province Land Assessed provinces E Area of Province 25° Unassessed province study ATLANTIC O UNITED STATES OCEAN UNITED STATES O UNITED STATES 24° 16° GULF OF R R O O 212 MMBO) is in the Pimienta Shale Oil AU. The Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU in the Burgos PACIFIC MEXICO I I Area of R OCEAN E Area of Area of 0 50 100 150 200 MILES E ATLANTIC R 25° 25° ATLANTIC study I MEXICO N study N OCEAN E study ATLANTIC I MEXICO OCEAN E The USGS approach to assessing continuous shale-oil T T GULF OF N OCEAN GULF OF GULF OF N A PACIFIC MEXICO A PACIFIC MEXICO 20° 20° MEXICO T PACIFIC MEXICO 0 50 100 150 200 KILOMETERS L OCEAN L OCEAN T 20° A OCEAN A 24° Basin contains the remaining (18 percent; 138 MMBO). PACIFIC OCEAN EXPLANATION MEXICO L 20° MEXICO L Tithonian Organic Richness EXPLANATION EXPLANATION 1 to 2 weight-percent (2,985,373.05 acres) Eagleford Gas EXPLANATION Eagleford Oil EXPLANATION Tithonian Thermal Maturity 24° For the mean unconventional gas total of 23,474 BCFG, about 66 percent (15,591 BCFG) Smackover Tithonian Assessment Units La Casita Shale Gas AU and shale-gas resources in non-U.S. reservoirs is based > 2 weight-percent (793,400.95 acres) LandTithonian Organic Richness 23° Oil Pimienta Shale Oil AU Tithonian Total (6,098,147.59 Acres) > 2 weight-percent TOC EXPLANATION Gas 0 650 1,300 Geologic2,600 Kilometers province Pimienta Shale Gas AU Geologic province boundaries 0 325 650 1,300 Miles Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU 0 70 MILES 0 80 MILES is estimated to be in the Burgos Basin; 25 percent (5,822 BCFG) in the Sabinas Basin; and boundaries Geologic province Geologic province Veracruz Basin Veracruz boundaries 24° 24° Figure 1. Location of geologic provinces boundaries 0 70 KILOMETERS Veracruz 0 80 KILOMETERS 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Province 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Basin Veracruz upon developing a complete geologic framework descrip- 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Province 19° Basin 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Basin EXPLANATION 9 percent (2,061 BCFG) in the Tampico-Misantla Basin. 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS Province Province EXPLANATION EXPLANATION 23° considered in this study. 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS La Casita Shale Gas AU 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU tion for each province from published literature and defin- 0 70 MILES 0 70 MILES 0 80 MILES Figure 17. Map showing the outline of Figure 18. Map showing the outline of 0 70 KILOMETERS 0 70 KILOMETERS 0 80 KILOMETERS Assessment Team Tampico- potential shale-gas area (3,667,000 acres) potential shale-gas area (8,961,000 acres) Age Sabinas Basin Burgos South Misantla Figure 4. Map showing the area of Figure 5. Map showing the total organic Figure 6. Map showing the extent of Figure 7. Map showing the intersection Christopher J. Schenk, Ronald R. Charpentier, Timothy R. Klett, Marilyn E. Tennyson, ing petroleum systems and unconventional assessment units Basin Texas Basin Figure 12. Map showing the outline Figure 13. Map showing the outline of Figure 14. Map showing the outline of po- in the Agua Nueva Formation with greater in the La Casita Formation with greater Quaternary Pleistocene Continental beds in valleys Lissie Fm. Terraces Continental the Tampico-Misantla Basin with carbon (TOC) data greater than 2 weight- thermally mature Tithonian shale in the of figures 5 and 6, and represents the Stephanie Gaswirth, Michael E. Brownfield, Mark J. Pawlewicz, and Jean N. Weaver. Pliocene Deposits (AUs) within these systems. We developed specific geolog- Goliad Fm. Goliad greater than 1 weight-percent total percent for Type II marine Tithonian shale onshore part of the Tampico-Misantla resultant area with both greater than 2 of potential shale-oil area (1,100,000 potential shale-gas area (3,530,000 acres) tential shale-gas area (3,941,000 acres) in than 1 weight-percent total organic car- than 1 weight-percent total organic car- Lagarto Fm. Miocene Fleming Tuxpan Flem- ing Gp. Oakville Fm. organic carbon (TOC) within Tithonian in the onshore part of the Tampico- Basin. Maturity data were categorized weight-percent total organic carbon and acres) in the Agua Nueva Formation in the Agua Nueva Formation with great- the La Casita Formation with greater than 1 bon (TOC) by PEMEX (2012) in the Sabinas bon (TOC) by PEMEX (2012) in the Sabinas References Anahuac Fm. Frio Escolin ic criteria and a series of maps that define areas of resource Norma Cgl. with greater than 1 weight-percent er than 1 weight-percent total organic weight-percent total organic carbon (TOC) Basin. For the U.S. Geological Survey as- Basin. For the U.S. Geological Survey as- Charpentier, R.R., and Cook, T.A., 2011, USGS methodology for assessing continuous Oligocene Frio Fm. Coatzintlas marine shales. About 21 percent Misantla Basin. Values of TOC greater by Tmax values from Rock-Eval analy- adequate thermal maturity for oil and gas Vicksburg Palma Real petroleum resources: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011–1167, 75 p. Vicksburg Fm. of the area with TOC greater than than 2 weight-percent define areas in this ses. T values greater than 465 °C de- generation. The green area defines the total organic carbon (TOC) by PEMEX carbon (TOC) by PEMEX (2012) in the by PEMEX (2012) in the Burgos Basin. For sessment, the potential area at the mode sessment, the potential area at the mode potential within candidate reservoirs. To be considered for Jackson Fm. Jackson Chapapote max Yegua Fm. Yegua Fm. Tantaoyuca (2012) in the Burgos Basin. For the U.S. Burgos Basin. For the U.S. Geological the U.S. Geological Survey assessment, the is 704,000 acres (table 1), which is the is 565,000 acres (table 1), which is the Eocene 1 weight-percent is characterized by study that pass the threshold for quan- fined the area of source rock thermally modal area of the Tithonian Shale Oil PEMEX, 2012, Mexico’s shale oil/gas resources: PowerPoint presentation, July 10, 2012, 42 slides. Tertiary Cook Mtn. Fm. Cook Mtn. Fm. Guayabal total area (3,667,000 acres) multiplied by total area (8,961,000 acres) multiplied by assessment, the potential shale-oil or shale-gas reservoir Claiborne Gp. Mt. Selman Fm. Claiborne Gp. Carrrizo Geological Survey assessment, the Survey assessment, the potential area potential area at the mode is 828,000 acres Aragon values greater than 2 weight-percent titative assessment. Note that much of mature for gas (red area); Tmax values Assessment Unit (AU), and the red area Peterson, J.A., 1985, Petroleum Geology and Resources of Northeastern Mexico: U.S. Geologi- Wilcox Fm. Lobo Wilcox Paleocene Chicontepec at the mode is 2,259,000 acres (table 1), the Tampico-Misantla Basin analog area the Tampico-Misantla Basin analog area Midway Fm. Midway TOC (data from PEMEX, 2012). the Tithonian shale in this basin contains between 435 and 465 °C defined the defines the modal area of the Tithonian potential area at the mode is 704,000 (table 1), which is the total area (3,941,000 cal Survey Circular 943, 30 p. must possess the following criteria: (1) contain greater than Escondido Fm. Escondido Escondido Mendez oil maturity window (green area), and acres (table 1), which is the total area which is the total area (3,530,000 acres) acres) multiplied by the Tampico-Misantla in the Aqua Nueva Formation with greater in the Pimienta Formation withgreater Maastrichtian less than 2 weight-percent TOC. Of the Shale Gas AU. Both AUs were quantita- U.S. Geological Survey World Energy Assessment Team, 2012, Assessment of undiscovered Olmos Fm. Sh. Olmos Olmos Mendez 2 weight-percent total organic carbon (TOC); (2) be within Sh. area greater than 1 weight-percent, 21 values less than 435 °C were defined as tively assessed in this study. (1,100,000 acres) multiplied by the Tam- multiplied by the Tampico-Misantla Basin Basin analog area in the Pimienta Forma- than 2 weight-percent TOC (64 percent), than 2 weight-percent TOC (21 percent), San Miguel Fm. Mendez San Miguel conventional oil and gas resources of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize, 2012: U.S. Geological Series Campanian Upson Fm. Sh. Anacacho Ls. percent is greater than 2 weight-percent thermally immature for Type II kerogen. pico-Misantla Basin analog area in the analog area in the Aqua Nueva Forma- tion with greater than 2 weight-percent and then multiplied by 30 percent for the and then multiplied by 30 percent for the Survey Fact Sheet 2012–3069, 4 p. the proper thermal maturity window for oil or gas gener- Santonian San Austin San Indidura Fm. Aqua Nueva Formation with greater tion with greater than 2 weight-percent TOC (21 percent). effects of structural complexity on the effects of structural complexity on the San Felipe Fm. Felipe Fm. Felipe TOC. This value of 21 percent was used The boundaries on this map as derived Warwick, P.D., 2007, Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in Cretaceous-Tertiary Coniacian Fm. Fm. from T values are uncertain (data than 2 weight-percent TOC (64 percent). TOC (64 percent). retention of gas. retention of gas.

Gulfian to characterize Tithonian shales in the ation; (3) have greater than 15 meters (m) of organic-rich Agua max coal beds of the Gulf Coast Region, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2007–3039, 2 p. Turonian Eagle Ford Agua Nueva Late Cretaceous Agua Nueva Fm. Nueva Fm. Fm. Burgos and Sabinas Basins as the map from PEMEX, 2012). Buda Ls. Rio Escondido Olmos Cenomanian shale; (4) be greater than 1,000 m depth; (5) contain Type Del Rio Sh. Cuesta Del Cura Ls. available for those basins only illustrated Monclova Facies Georgetown Wilcox-Lobo Tight Gas AU Coalbed Gas AU Upper Upper Fm. rock with greater than 1 weight-percent Upper 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° Kiamichi El Abra Albian Acatta Aurora Tamabra I or II organic matter, and (6) have evidence of moveable Tamaulipas Fm. Tamaulipas Fm. Fm. Tamaulipas Stuart City Ls. Assessment Input Data Assessment Results Evap. Ls. Glen Rose Ls. TOC (data from PEMEX, 2012). 29° 29° Comanchean La Pena Fm. La Pena Fm. Otates Fm. Pearsall Otates Fm. gas or oil in matrix storage (Charpentier and Cook, 2011). Aptian Rio Escondido Table 1. Key assessment input data for unconventional assessment units in northeast Mexico. Table 2. Northeast Mexico unconventional oil and gas resource assessment results. Assessment Unit La La Lower Patula Virgen Mula Cupido Lower Lower Barremian Evap. Sh. [EUR (estimated ultimate recovery per well), well drainage area, and success ratios are from U.S. shale-gas, shale-oil, tight-gas, and coalbed gas [MMBO, million barrels of oil; BCFG, billion cubic feet of gas; MMBNGL, million barrels of natural gas liquids; TPS, total petro- When applied to any given shale-oil or shale-gas reservoir, Ls. Tamaulipas Arkose Sligo 28° 28° Hauterivian Padilla Tamaulipas Tamaulipas Turonian Agua Nueva Formation ? Tongue analogs. MMB, million barrels of oil; BCFG, billion cubic feet of gas; AU, assessment unit. The average EUR input is the minimum, median, maximum, leum system; AU, assessment unit. Results shown are fully risked estimates. For gas fields, all liquids are included under the Fm. Wilcox-Lobo Tight Gas Hosston Fm. Fm. Assessment Unit these specific criteria might reduce the potential area com- Early Cretaceous Valanginian San Marcos Barril Viejo The USGS approach to defining AUs in the Turonian Agua Nueva Formation of the Tampico-Misantla Basin began with the map showing the distribution of TOC (fig. 8). and calculated mean] NGL (natural gas liquids) category. F95 represents a 95 percent chance of at least the amount tabulated. Other fractiles are Fm. Taraises Arkose Sabinas Sabinas

Coahuilan Berraisian Fm. Neocomian Menchaca Ls. The intersection of the map of TOC greater than 2 weight-percent (fig. 9) with the thermal maturity map (fig. 10) produced the AU map (fig. 11) for the modal shale-oil area Basin Basin Burgos Basin Burgos Basin defined similarly. Shading indicates not applicable] Province Province pared to maps made with greater than 1 weight-percent Tithonian Cotton 27° 27° La Casita Fm. La Casita Valley Bossier (green) and shale-gas area (red) used in the assessment. Assessment input data Rio Escondido Olmos Coalbed Gas AU 53000281 La Casita Shale Gas AU 53000361 Haynesville Total Undiscovered Resources Kimmeridgian Fm. Pimienta Total Petroleum System AU

Olvido Fm. La Casista Late Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Field Oxfordian 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° Jurassic La Gloria Zuloaga Ls. Smackover Ls. Smackover Smackover USA USA (TPS) Proba- Oil (MMBO) Gas (BCFG) NGL (MMBNGL) TOC, for example. Potential production area of AU (acres) 10,000 250,000 750,000 336,667 100,000 828,000 2,500,000 1,142,667 Type TURONIAN TURONIAN TURONIAN TURONIAN and Assessment Unit (AU) bility Taumaulipas Arch Province Burgos Burgos F95 F50 F5 Mean F95 F50 F5 Mean F95 F50 F5 Mean Magiscatzin Basin Province 26° 26° Burgos Burgos Burgos Basin Basin Average drainage area of wells (acres) 40 80 160 93 80 120 160 120 Taumaulipas Arch Taumaulipas Arch Taumaulipas Arch TOC Magiscatzin Basin Basin TOC Magiscatzin Basin Basin THERMAL Magiscatzin Basin Basin FINAL Province MEXICO Province MEXICO BURGOS BASIN Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of northeast Mexico Burgos Basin Province Province Province Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 24° Province 24° 24° 24° An important part of the geologic phase of this study and southeast Texas. The Pimienta Formation of the > 1 WEIGHT- > 2 WEIGHT- MATURITY AU MAP Success ratios (%) 50 70 90 70 40 60 80 60 Olmos Coalbed Gas TPS 25° 25° Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.03 0.2 1 0.24 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.61 Rio Escondido Coalbed Tampico-Misantla Basin is equivalent to the La Casita PERCENT PERCENT 1.0 Gas 125 479 1,544 612 0 0 0 0 was a formal USGS-PEMEX (Petroleos Mexicanos) Burgos Basin Burgos Basin Gas AU 53000281 23° Formation of the Burgos Basin. The Eagle Ford Forma- 23° 23° 23° Tampico–Misantla Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU 53000461 Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU 53000462 Upper Jurassic La Casita TPS Basin Province Tampico–Misantla Tampico–Misantla Workshop on Unconventional Resources convened in tion of south Texas is partly equivalent to the Agua Nue- Basin Province Tampico–Misantla Basin Province Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Basin Province 24° 24° La Casita Shale Gas AU 1.0 Gas 1,148 3,253 6,730 3,516 69 195 407 211 va Formation of northeast Mexico (Peterson, 1985). [Gp., Potential production area of AU (acres) 100,000 704,000 1,100,000 634,667 100,000 2,259,000 3,530,000 1,963,000 53000361 22° MEXICO EXPLANATION EXPLANATION 22° MEXICO 22° MEXICO 22° MEXICO Mexico City, Mexico, in June, 2012. The geology and cur- Wilcox-Lobo Tight Rio Escondido Olmos Group; Fm., Formation; Cgl., conglomerate; Ls., limestone; GULF Gas AU Average drainage area of wells (acres) 160 280 400 280 80 120 160 120 Coalbed Gas AU GULF GULF GULF 0 70 MILES 0 70 MILES Turonian Agua Nueva TPS S OF S OF OF OF I MEXICO S S 0 70 KILOMETERS 0 70 KILOMETERS E Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 I MEXICO I MEXICO I MEXICO Sh., shale; Evap., evaporite] R E E E R Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU rent exploration results from within the various shale-oil R R R A R R R 1.0 Oil 52 129 251 138 96 252 533 275 2 5 11 6 A A A Success ratios (%) 50 70 90 70 50 70 90 70 130°0'0"W 120°0'0"W 110°0'0"W 100°0'0"W 90°0'0"W 80°0'0"W 70°0'0"W 60°0'0"W 53000461

21° M 130°0'0"W 120°0'0"W 110°0'0"W 100°0'0"W 90°0'0"W 80°0'0"W 70°0'0"W 60°0'0"W 21° 21° 21° A M M M Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.04 0.08 0.2 0.086 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.813 and shale-gas assessment units (AU) of northeast Mexico D A A A Figure 15. Map showing the extent Figure 16. Map showing the extent of UNITED STATES R D D Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU E D Area of R R R 1.0 Gas 3,211 9,320 15,982 9,403 127 368 654 376 E E E Burgos Basin Sabinas Basin study ATLANTIC OCEAN of the Wilcox-Lobo Tight Gas Assess- Olmos Formation coals in the Burgos 53000462 GULF OF PACIFIC MEXICO O UNITED STATES UNITED STATES MEXICO OCEAN R O O O I E UNITED STATES R Area of R Area of Wilcox-Lobo Tight Gas AU 53000561 La Casita Shale Gas AU 53230161 study ATLANTIC study ATLANTIC R were discussed in detail. PEMEX later supplied several N I OCEAN I Area of E E OCEAN I E T N MEXICO GULF OF GULF OF ment Unit (AU) in the Burgos Basin. This Basin, as mapped by Warwick (2007). Paleogene TPS PACIFIC N MEXICO 20° A study ATLANTIC MEXICO PACIFIC MEXICO N L OCEAN T OCEAN T OCEAN T EXPLANATION GULF OF A A A Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean 20° PACIFIC MEXICO 20° 20° MEXICO L L L Ro < 1.3% Ro > 1.3% Turonian Organic Richness OCEAN mapped area is an extension of a much The coals define the extent of the Rio Wilcox-Lobo Tight Gas AU 1-2 weight-percent (1,286,682.05 acres) maps with geologic data that were critical to the USGS as- EXPLANATION EXPLANATION Potential production area of AU (acres) 10,000 550,000 700,000 420,000 94,000 565,000 1,882,000 847,000 1.0 Gas 535 1,675 3,431 1,785 5 16 36 18 > 2 weight-percent (2,259,694.26 acres) EXPLANATION Turonian Thermal Maturity Turonian Assessment Units Oil Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU 53000561 Turonian Total (4,217,581.22 Acres) Turonian Organic Richness larger Wilcox-Lobo AU in the United Escondido Olmos Coalbed Gas Assess- Province boundaries > 2 weight-percent TOC Gas Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU Average drainage area of wells (acres) 40 110 180 110 80 120 160 120 Veracruz Basin Geologic province Geologic province Geologic province boundaries Veracruz boundaries boundaries SABINAS BASIN sessment (PEMEX, 2012). The maps shown herein were 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Province Veracruz Veracruz States. Sandstones of the Wilcox-Lobo ment Unit (AU). Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 25 50 75 100 MILES 19° Basin 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Basin 19° 0 25 50 75 100 MILES Basin 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS Province Province Province Upper Jurassic La Casita TPS 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS Success ratios (%) 50 70 90 70 10 50 90 50 Total Organic Carbon stratigraphic interval are part of a large combined to outline areas within the Sabinas, Burgos, and 1–2 weight-percent Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.25 0.6 1.5 0.645 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.610 La Casita Shale Gas AU disrupted zone with slide blocks and re- 1.0 Gas 577 1,899 4,687 2,172 17 56 144 65 (Not Assessed) Figure 8. Map showing only the area of Figure 9. Map showing the total organic Figure 10. Map showing the extent of Figure 11. Map showing the intersection of lated deformational features within which Sabinas Basin Tampico-Misantla Basin 53230161 Tampico-Misantla Basins that were then considered for Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU 53230261 Pimienta Shale Oil AU 53010261 the Tampico-Misantla Basin with carbon (TOC) data greater than 2 weight- thermally mature Turonian shale in the figures 9 and 10, and presents the resultant are the Wilcox-Lobo low-permeability Turonian Agua Nueva TPS Total Organic Carbon Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean > 2 weight-percent onshore part of the Tampico-Misantla Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU quantitative assessment using the six USGS criteria. Gas greater than 1 weight-percent total percent for Type II marine Turonian shale area with greater than 2 weight-percent (tight) gas sandstone reservoirs. 1.0 Gas 941 3,189 7,922 3,650 37 127 321 146 > 1.3 % (Assessed) Potential production area of AU (acres) 100,000 704,000 2,400,000 1,068,000 100,000 695,000 2,100,000 965,000 53230261 Ro organic carbon (TOC) within Turonian in the onshore part of the Tampico- Basin. Maturity data were categorized total organic carbon and adequate thermal Average drainage area of wells (acres) 80 120 160 120 140 240 300 227 marine shales. About 64 percent of Misantla Basin. Values of TOC greater by T values from Rock-Eval analy- TAMPICO-MISANTLA BASIN Oil max maturity for oil and gas generation. The Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0.6 – 1.3 % Upper Jurassic Pimienta TPS Ro the area with TOC greater than 1 than 2 weight-percent define areas in this ses. Tmax values greater than 465 °C green area defines the modal area of the Success ratios (%) 10 50 90 50 40 60 80 60 Publishing support provided by: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only Pimienta Shale Oil AU Denver Publishing Service Center and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. weight-percent is characterized by val- study that exceed the threshold for quan- defined the area of source rock ther- Turonian Agua Nueva Shale Oil Assessment Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.813 0.03 0.08 0.14 0.082 1.0 Oil 69 194 412 212 82 232 498 254 2 7 15 8 53010261 This and other USGS information products available at Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public ues greater than 2 weight-percent TOC titative assessment. Of the area greater mally mature for gas (red areas); T Unit (AU), and the red areas define the mod- Tampico-Misantla Basin Tampico-Misantla Basin http://store.usgs.gov/ domain, it also contains copyrighted materials as noted in the text. max Pimienta Shale Gas AU U.S. Geological Survey Permission to reproduce copyrighted items for other than personal use EXPLANATION values between 435 and 465 °C defined Pimienta Shale Gas AU 53010262 Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU 53010361 1.0 Gas 58 136 272 147 2 4 8 4 Box 25286, Denver Federal Center must be secured from the copyright owner. Total Organic Carbon 1 to 2 weight-percent (data from PEMEX, 2012). than 1 weight-percent TOC, 64 percent is al area of the Turonian Agua Nueva Shale 53010262 Denver, CO 80225 Total Organic Carbon > 2 weight-percent Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Ro > 0.6 < 1.3% greater than 2 weight-percent TOC. This the oil maturity window (green area), Gas AU. Both AUs were quantitatively as- Suggested citation: Turonian Agua Nueva TPS To learn about the USGS and its information products visit Ro > 1.3% Potential production area of AU (acres) 10,000 33,000 100,000 47,667 1,052,000 2,104,000 2,735,000 1,963,667 http://www.usgs.gov/ U.S. Geological Survey Mexico Assessment Team, 2014, Assessment of unconventional value of 64 percent was used to charac- and values less than 435 °C were ther- sessed in this study. Agua Nueva Shale Oil AU 1-888-ASK-USGS resources of northeastern Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1112, Average drainage area of wells (acres) 80 120 160 120 160 280 400 280 1.0 Oil 232 402 702 426 406 789 1,502 852 7 16 32 17 1 sheet, http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151112. terize the Turonian shales in the Burgos mally immature for Type II kerogen. The 53010361 This report is available at Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151112 ISSN 2331-1258 (online) http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151112 and Sabinas Basins as the map available boundaries on this map as derived from Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU Success ratios (%) 40 60 80 60 50 70 90 70 1.0 Gas 252 754 1,529 808 10 30 62 32 For more information concerning this publication, contact: Figure 3. Schematic diagram showing T data are uncertain (data from 53010362 Center Director, USGS Central Energy Resources Science Center for those basins only illustrated rock with max Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.610 0.04 0.08 0.2 0.086 Box 25046, Mail Stop 939 geologic parameters for potential assessed PEMEX, 2012). Exposure of the Eagle Ford Formation Tampico-Misantla Basin VERACRUZ BASIN Denver, CO 80225 greater than 1 weight-percent TOC (data (303) 236-1647 areas. Ro, vitrinite reflectance, in percent. from PEMEX, 2012). (partly equivalent to the Agua Nueva Agua Nueva Shale Gas AU 53010362 Turonian Maltrata TPS Or visit the Central Energy Resources Science Center Web site at: Minimum Mode Maximum Calculated mean Maltrata Shale Oil AU http://energy.usgs.gov/ Fm.) on the south bank of Lantry Creek in Oil Not quantitatively assessed Pump Canyon, Val Verde County, Texas. Potential production area of AU (acres) 10,000 128,000 368,000 168,667 53020261 Average drainage area of wells (acres) 80 120 160 120 Maltrata Shale Gas AU Photograph taken by Michael Lewan, Gas Not quantitatively assessed Percent of AU untested 100 100 100 100 53020262 U.S. Geological Survey, August 19, 2010. Success ratios (%) 50 70 90 70 Total unconventional U.S. Department of the Interior Average EUR (MMBO, oil; BCFG, gas) 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.813 resources 353 725 1,365 776 7,431 21,978 44,630 23,474 278 824 1,690 883 U.S. Geological Survey