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A Journal on African Women's Experiences Issue 10

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A Journal on African Women's Experiences Issue 10 Manase Kudzai Chiweshe A JOURNAL ON AFRICAN WOMEN’S EXPERIENCES ISSUE 10 | APRIL 20201 Mapping the Terrain 2 ABOUT BUWA! Guided by the feminist principle that ‘the personal is polit- We would appreciate feedback on this publication using ical’, BUWA! is a journal published by the OSISA Women’s the hashtags #Buwa, #BuwaX and #WHRDsInAfrica on Rights Programme annually. BUWA! services as a tool and any of the following platforms: platform to explore a variety of themes and topics that are Email the Editor at [email protected] pertinent to African women today. Comment on the BUWA! feature on the OSISA website at The journal receives both commissioned and unsolicited www.osisa.org articles primarily from women on the African continent. Comment on the OSISA Facebook page at An editorial team decides on the themes and topics, and www.facebook.com/OpenSocietyInitiative.SouthernA- participates in the editorial process. The publication seeks frica to promote open society ideals through providing a platform for women’s voices, amplifying these across the continent Join the conversation on Twitter @osisa and beyond. BUWA! also explores African women’s experiences through a DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed in this journal are those policy lens, to shed light on international, regional, national, of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent and local debates and policies that shape women’s choices the views of the editor, OSISA or its board. and lived experiences. BUWA! ONLINE BUWA! is published by the Women’s Rights FEEDBACK We appreciate feedback on this publication. Write to the programme of the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa Editor at [email protected] or comment on our various (OSISA). The title BUWA! is an adaptation of the Sesotho online platforms word ‘bua’ meaning ‘speak’. CONTENTS EDITORIAL 7 MOVEMENT BUILDING 25 In honour of women at the frontlines The possibility for resurgence of local Giving a voice for change: Cynthia Ngwalo-Lungu mobilisation for WHRDs struggling in Highlighting women human rights Uganda and ‘bottom-up’ models defenders’ empowerment in the media Christine Apiot Okudi from FAMWZ to GMC John Masuku Dynamics of LBQ women in Africa on issues of violence Defending land rights for MAPPING 11 and access to justice: Can the women’s small scale women farmers in Malawi movement be more involved? Ellen Matupi and Jessica THE TERRAIN Arudi Laurah Mandanda Womxn Human Rights Defenders Shifting the paradigms through poetry, My voice is my weapon Nikiwe Kaunda pleasure Ivy moyo and work: Building sustainable Down in the trenches: A history of feminist futures for young women Queer Womxn – “My Colors Too” | women human rights defenders in human rights defenders Women Survivors – Untitled post-colonial Zimbabwe Florence Khaxas Darian Jaleane McWilliams Manase Kudzai Chiweshe Addressing the culture of exclusion, impunity, fear and compromise for 1#Blackdragmagic women human rights defenders in Belinda Qaqamba Kafassie and trade unions in Southern Africa Lee-Ann Olwage Cebsile Mamba Gonyeti and Maggie: Ghetto comedy as human rights activism in urban Zimbabwe Tinashe Lukas Chimedza 4 POLITICS, GOVERNANCE AND LAW 85 SELF CARE 149 The politics of self-care and The miscarriage of democracy: Defending women’s rights in an collective wellbeing: What do self- A threat to women human rights unrelenting militarised state: care and wellbeing mean for WHRDs? defenders in Southern Africa Revisiting sexual violence in Zimbabwe Beatrice Mkanda Gugulethu Nyoni Tendaishe Tlou Defending women’s economic, Access to civil and political rights by Protective Women– “Peace Keeper” social, cultural and environmental women in Zimbabwe Darian Jalene McWilliams rights (ESCERs) in the context of the Gilbert S Pindano conflation of politics, the economy and the military: The case of Zimbabwe Stella Nyanzi the Ugandan Iron Lady Janet Zhou Redefining the New “Normal” Rita Aligo The politics of space: Safety and FICTION 157 security for women human rights Defending human rights without fear: an interview with Jestina Mukoko defenders – A personal reflection Can Chinenke be female too? Malvern Mkudu Grace Chirenje Ene Ogaba Facing the hangman: Resurgent The laws protecting (or not protecting) Echoes of Silence | The Journey attacks on women human rights women human rights defenders Ethel Irene Kabwato defenders in Zimbabwe Kathleen Mpofu Sitabile Dewa What I have here is a record of vagrant thoughts of desperation and Women’s rights in Lesotho: A critique (incidentally) hope of the gender-neutral national reforms Chilufya Chileshe process Letlhogonolo Letshele TECHNOLOGY 139 An Empowerer AND WOMEN Ivy Linda Moyo HUMAN RDS How Dare! | Her Scars of Life | A Person | Celebrate Internet or enter not?Exploring cyber her life violence against women Soneni Gwizi Percy F. Makombe Da Nerve Digital activism and safety and security Siphiwe Nzima-Ntšekhe for women human rights defenders in Kenya Woman of bow and arrows Marystella Auma Simiyu Wynona Mutisi 5 Editorial 6 In honour of women at the frontlines Cynthia Ngwalo-Lungu Cynthia Ngwalo-Lungu is a health This 10th issue of BUWA! stands in surveillance and systematic attacks systems expert. She has vast solidarity with Women Human Rights on human rights and pro-democracy experience working on health rights, Defenders (WHRDs) at the frontlines of activists across the globe, it is important women’s rights, social justice, inclusive confronting injustice and inequality. to amplify the voices of all those who are participation, good governance Whilst acknowledging that women pushing back against these excesses. human rights defenders (WHRD) may More so in Africa. and human rights. Cynthia holds broadly denote activists who defend a Master’s Degree in Business While all HRDs have increasingly faced women’s human rights, we pay special Administration from The University of tougher operating conditions, WHRDs attention to women, lesbians, queer have borne the harshest brunt, given Wales, an MPhil in Health Systems and and transgender women who defend the way in which patriarchy conveniently Services Research from The University women’s rights1. Around the world, colludes with other oppressive systems of Stellenbosch and a Bachelor’s women activists risk their lives in the to target women. Hence, WHRDs face Degree from The University of Malawi, fight for fairness, equity, transparency, additional barriers of economic and Chancellor College. accountability as well as women’s structural discrimination and unique freedoms and rights. Their zeal is challenges driven by deep-rooted unmatched, unrelenting and universal. discrimination against women and Their work is crucial for advancing stereotypes entrenched in patriarchal womens’ rights and consequently, societies in relation to gender and human rights. Yet, their stories remain sexuality.2 In the line of duty, WHRDs untold and in other cases, the stories are face sexual abuse, harassment, domestic told through a problematic patriarchal violence, threats against their families lens. and smear campaigns, to name but a Our theme is timely. In this moment few violations.3 In fact, CIVICUS monitor of heightened political and domestic data shows that women, including violence, false charges, arbitrary groups advocating for women’s rights detentions, unfair trials, increased and WHRDs, are the most commonly 1 AWID, accessed on 26.04.2020, https://www.awid.org/special-focus-sections/women-human-rights- defenders 2 United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner , Women Human Rights Defenders must be protected say UN experts (29.11.2018) accessed on 26 .04.2020, https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23943&LangID=E 3 Women Human Rights Defenders : Defend Her , Who are women Human Rights Defenders accessed on 26.04.2020, https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/what-are-women-human-rights-defenders/ 7 Editorial mentioned groups of victims and targets occupy spaces in all spheres of life, forces WHRDs to work alone, making of violence by a large margin. They from grassroots to global levels. them easy targets for communities and are also the groups most commonly There is always a determined Winnie states intending to silence dissenting mentioned (20%) in reports on the Madikizela-Mandela, a Queen Nzinga voices and undermine human rights. CIVICUS Monitor – at a global level.4 of Ndongo and Matamba, a Mbuya Nevertheless, there are formidable Regrettably, in the wake of the COVID-19 Nehanda Nyakasikana in the political emerging WHRDs movements consisting pandemic and its implications on human and liberation struggle! There are the of rural women, informal traders, sex rights, women’s rights as well as the likes of Chief Kachindamoto, relentlessly workers, domestic workers and others possible erosion of human rights gains fighting traditions and cultural practices mobilising across the continent. Despite altogether, it is quite likely that more that undermine the rights of the girl-child. this growth and progress in organising, WHRDs will face increased threats and There are the Sudanese women in the questions still remain on coordination attacks. This is especially true for states Intifada. The Mama Malewas’ of the DRC and collaboration. For example, and regions with rising authoritarianism fighting for economic justice. WHRDs leadership contestations are especially and democracy deficits. across the continent are deeply etched in critical in cases where WHRDs are part the throngs of history and their valour
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