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Maine State Legislature
MAINE STATE LEGISLATURE The following document is provided by the LAW AND LEGISLATIVE DIGITAL LIBRARY at the Maine State Law and Legislative Reference Library http://legislature.maine.gov/lawlib Reproduced from scanned originals with text recognition applied (searchable text may contain some errors and/or omissions) MAINE STATE ARCHIVES COUNTIES, CITIES, TOWNS AND PLANTATIONS OF MAINE: A Handbook of Incorporations, Dissolutions and Boundary Changes Prepared by The Maine Historical Records Survey Project Division of Professional and Service Projects Work Projects Administration Portland, Maine The Maine Historical Records Survey Project 1940 Maine State Archives Augusta, Maine Published under Appropriation No. 04065.1 PREFACE This Handbook, compiled in the 1930's from extant records and inventories by the Federal Historical Records Survey Project for Maine, contains in one vo1tune data that ~vou1d otherwise require time-cons tuning research. The Title and Table of Contents are self-explanatory. Helpful to the researcher using the Handbook are the explanatory notes and the listing of abbreviations and symbols. A bibliography cites sources for detailed study. As stated in the first section, Jurisdictions, "the development of government in Maine can be more easily understood by considering the area as three separate geographical units: from St. Croix River to St. Georges River - Acadia; from St. Georges River to Kennebec River - Province of Maine." The second section, Early plantations and Towns, is an "incomplete list ... submitted as a basis for further research." Editorial work in preparing the manuscript for publication was provided by Miss Susan o. Ostroff of the Maine State Archives staff who was responsible for critically reviewing the text and footnotes and furnishing statutory citations to legislative references which generally omitted them in the original manuscript. -
Towards a History of Mass Violence in the Etat Indépendant Du Congo, 1885-1908
This is a repository copy of Towards a History of Mass Violence in the Etat Indépendant du Congo, 1885-1908. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/74340/ Article: Roes, Aldwin (2010) Towards a History of Mass Violence in the Etat Indépendant du Congo, 1885-1908. South African Historical Journal, 62 (4). pp. 634-670. ISSN 0258-2473 https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2010.519937 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Towards a History of Mass Violence in the Etat Indépendant du Congo, 1885-1908* Aldwin Roes UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD Although the „atrocities of epical proportions‟ in the Etat Indépendant du Congo (EIC, Congo Free State) are „legendary‟, no up to date scholarly introduction to the issue is currently available1. -
Hiding the Colonial Past? a Comparison of European Archival Policies Vincent Hiribarren
Hiribarren, Vincent, ‘Hiding the European Colonial Past: A Comparison of Archival Policies’, in Displaced Archives, ed. by James Lowry (Abingdon: Routledge, 2017), pp. 74–85 Hiding the Colonial Past? A Comparison of European Archival Policies Vincent Hiribarren Abstract: This paper seeks to compare how European countries are currently dealing with their colonial archives. The aim of this chapter is not to give a thorough explanation of the archival policies of each former colonial power; instead, this chapter will argue that many Europeans countries such as the United Kingdom have consistently tried to hide their colonial past. Moreover, this colonial past is still haunting the political debates of some European countries such as Belgium or France while it is nearly totally absent from others such as Germany or Italy. Displaced archives are a common legacy of colonialism. The recent scandal of the ‘migrated archives’ in the United Kingdom is another reminder to the populations of the former colonial world that a part of their past is still hidden in Europe. The former colonising powers hid – and are sometimes still hiding – parts of their colonial past. Based on my historical research in the British, French and German archives, this chapter will examine the similarities and differences between the ‘migrated archives’ and their European counterparts (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain). This chapter does not provide an exhaustive summary of the archival policies of each European country, but rather seeks to examine and contrast some of these policies and the political questions these policies continue to raise. I will argue that Europeans have consistently tried to hide their colonial past and that this colonial past is still haunting the political debates in some of those countries while it is noticeably absent from others. -
Military Service Records at the National Archives Military Service Records at the National Archives
R E F E R E N C E I N F O R M A T I O N P A P E R 1 0 9 Military Service Records at the national archives Military Service Records at the National Archives REFERENCE INFORMATION PAPER 1 0 9 National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC Compiled by Trevor K. Plante Revised 2009 Plante, Trevor K. Military service records at the National Archives, Washington, DC / compiled by Trevor K. Plante.— Washington, DC : National Archives and Records Administration, revised 2009. p. ; cm.— (Reference information paper ; 109) 1. United States. National Archives and Records Administration —Catalogs. 2. United States — Armed Forces — History — Sources. 3. United States — History, Military — Sources. I. United States. National Archives and Records Administration. II. Title. Front cover images: Bottom: Members of Company G, 30th U.S. Volunteer Infantry, at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, August 1899. The regiment arrived in Manila at the end of October to take part in the Philippine Insurrection. (111SC98361) Background: Fitzhugh Lee’s oath of allegiance for amnesty and pardon following the Civil War. Lee was Robert E. Lee’s nephew and went on to serve in the Spanish American War as a major general of the United States Volunteers. (RG 94) Top left: Group of soldiers from the 71st New York Infantry Regiment in camp in 1861. (111B90) Top middle: Compiled military service record envelope for John A. McIlhenny who served with the Rough Riders during the SpanishAmerican War. He was the son of Edmund McIlhenny, inventor of Tabasco sauce. -
Inventory of the Archive of the Dept. for Economic Recover and Legal
INVENTORY OF THE ARCHIVE OF THE DEPARTMENT FOR ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND LEGAL PREDECESSOR 1940-1968 (1997) NATIONAL ARCHIVES 2 JOSEPH CUVELIER REPOSITORY INVENTORIES 21 ISBN : 978 90 5746 xxx x National Archives D/2013/531/xxx Order Number: Publ. 52xx National Archives Rue de Ruysbroeck 2 1000 Brussels The complete list of our publications can be freely obtained by simple request ([email protected]) or by consulting the internet (http://arch.arch.be) Inventory Number: I 21 Inventory of the archive of the Department for Economic Recovery and Legal Predecessor 1940-1968 (1997) by Filip STRUBBE Brussels 2013 How to order Archival documents described in this inventory can be ordered at the terminal in the reading room by stating the number of the inventory, which is mentioned on the title page and in the upper right corner of every page I 21 and by stating the document number that you will find on the left of every description Consultation restrictions Archival documents that are more than 30 years old are accessible. Exceptions to this general rule are documents that contain privacy-related information: this is the case for inventory numbers 8- 129, 392-393 and 397-399. Preferred form for citing the archive It is recommended to cite the archive’s full name at first. Afterwards an abbreviated reference will suffice. Full reference: NATIONAL ARCHIVES 2, Archive of the Department for Economic Recovery and Legal predecessor, xxxx. Abbreviation: NAB 2, DER, xxxx. Commande des documents Les archives décrites dans cet inventaire peuvent être demandées via un terminal d’ordinateur se trouvant dans la salle de lecture, moyennant l’introduction du numéro de l’inventaire mentionné sur la page de titre et dans le coin supérieur droit de chaque page. -
(Belgian Congo), 1910-1920
Historia Agraria, 81 ■ Agosto 2020 ■ pp. 195-226 ■ DOI 10.26882/histagrar.081e06s © 2020 SEHA Settler farming, agricultural colonisation and development in Katanga (Belgian Congo), 1910-1920 CHARLOTTE VEKEMANS AND YVES SEGERS KEYWORDS: settler farming, colonial policy, Katanga, Belgian Congo. JEL CODES: F22, N5, N97, Q18. rom 1908 to 1920, the Belgian Ministry of Colonies organised the first state- led agricultural colonization efforts in Katanga, Belgian Congo. This article ex- Famines the complex interactions between public and private actors and how they shaped a colonial agricultural policy. Mission Leplae had a very difficult start and was terminated after ardent discussions in the Belgian Parliament, despite the support of the Agricultural Service. This migration initiative exposed the different views and even ten- sions between the opinions of technical experts such as agronomists and the ideas of the colonial hommes politiques and private actors, both in Belgium and in the Congo. In this article, the image of a homogeneous colonial state acquires nuance as we unravel and analyse the daily realities and initiatives of these first Belgian agricultural settlers in the broader framework of Belgian colonial politics. When the alliance between the State, the mining sector and agricultural settlers ceased to exist, because European agri- culture was not developing fast enough and geopolitical interests had changed, the gov- ernment stopped supporting the colonization project. After the First Wo r l d War, the num- ber of Belgian farmers in Katanga began to increase again, mainly thanks to support from the private sector. This article shows how state support was an important but not decisive factor in the survival strategies of a settler community. -
Coming to America: Dutch Archivistiek and American Archival Practice Marjorie Rabe Barritt
COMING TO AMERICA: DUTCH ARCHIVISTIEK AND AMERICAN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE MARJORIE RABE BARRITT ABSTRACT: Most archivists acknowledge that the antecedents of archival theo- ry in the United States were theoretical developments in France, Germany, and the Netherlands in the nineteenth century. The author describes the influence of the principles of respect des fonds from the French and Registraturprinzipfrom the Germans on Dutch archival development which resulted in the publication in 1898 of the Manual for the Arrangement and Description of Archives by Samuel Muller, Johan Feith, and Robert Fruin. The influence of the Manual and of the principle of provenance on early American archival practice is traced through the speeches and writings of Arnold J.F. Van Laer and Waldo G. Leland. The article also discusses Arthur H. Leavitt's 1940 English translation of the Dutch Manual. As archivists we may have been introduced to archival history as part of our archival education. After learning about papyrus and clay tablets and archives in Assyria, the focus probably shifted to the history of archival development in Europe and the chronology was certainly: respect des fonds from the French, Registraturprinzip from the Germans, and the Manual of Muller, Feith, and Fruin from the Dutch. We learned that three Dutch archivists, Samuel Muller, Johan Feith, and Robert Fruin wrote a manual of archival practice in 1898, Handleiding voor Het Ordenen en Beschrijven van Archieven. A literal English translation of the title is Manual for the Arrangement and Description of Archives. However, no English title or translation existed until 1940 when Arthur Leavitt, working at the United States National Archives, published an English edition.' At first glance it seems the influence of the Manual on English-speaking archivists must have been minimal until 1940. -
Evaluation of the State Archives (ARA-AGR) of Belgium
June 2017 Evaluation of the State Archives (ARA- AGR) of Belgium Management summary www.technopolis-group.com Evaluation of the State Archives (ARA-AGR) of Belgium Management summary technopolis |group| June 2017 Frank Zuijdam, Technopolis Group Wilbert Helmus, Helmus Advies Viola Peter, Technopolis Group Laura Roman, Technopolis Group Jasper Schipper, Technopolis Group Apolline Terrier, Technopolis Group Geert van der Veen, Technopolis Group Commissioned and funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office - BELSPO Summary This evaluation report presents the findings of Technopolis Group in the evaluation of the State Archives (ARA-AGR), one of the Federal Scientific Institutes (FSIs) of Belgium. Technopolis Group and Helmus Advies performed the evaluation in the period April 2016 - February 2017, upon commission by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO). The objective of the evaluation was an integral assessment of the scientific, service and museum functions of the State Archives. The evaluation was based upon a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods; a key component was the review by a panel of international experts. Background The State Archives are one of ten Belgian Federal Scientific Institutes under the responsibility of the Minister of Science, and are by the Law on Public Records the ultimate controlling organisation to preserve documents from most of the public authorities in Belgium, according to the framework of power between the federal level and the other levels of governance (regions, communities, etc.). Whilst the mission and the tasks of ARA are formally laid down in the Royal Decree1, it does have the freedom to design its own strategy via its „management plan‟, within the boundaries of its official mission. -
[The State Archives in 2020] [Facts & Figures]
[THE STATE ARCHIVES IN 2020] [FACTS & FIGURES] Preface 2020 - Key figures Collection management Archives supervision & advice Digitisation Service to the Public 4 FACTS & FIGURES 2020 Preface It goes without saying that also for the State Archives 2020 was no ordinary working year. In March, archival institutions across Europe closed their doors to the public one by one. In Belgium, this occurred on 13 March 2020. The State Archives closed its reading rooms and entered a period of minimal services. The reopening took place in two steps : On Tuesday, 26 May 2020 for students and doctoral candidates, and on 16 June 2020 for the large public – always in compliance with applicable health regulations of course. Reading rooms were then closed for a second time in fall, more precisely on 26 October in Brussels and on 3 November in the rest of the country. About a month later, on 1 December, students, doctoral candidates and those who carry out archival research by virtue of their profession were admitted to the State Archives again, while other user groups had to wait until 5 January 2021. All State Archives services could at all times be contacted however, for handling of correspondence, follow-up of reproduction orders, access to buildings for essential maintenance work, etc. And behind the scenes, no effort was spared to make records accessible online for research. Retroconversion – that is to say the conversion of analogue finding aids such as printed inventories into digital documents – was stepped up in 2020. More emphasis was also placed on making an ever increasing number of digitised records available online. -
The King's Most Eloquent Campaigner... Emile De Laveleye, Leopold II and the Creation of the Congo Free State
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography The king's most e oquent #$mpaigne%... &mi e 'e L$(e e)e, Leopo ' II $n' the #%e$tion o* the Congo Free St$te -.N /.N0&R,1I,,&N1 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222+RFC Rese$%#he% 3 4ni(ersit) o* Li5ge 1. INTR604CTI6N In the Belle Époque, #oloni$ thought took ne8 *orms, $nd $ se#ond 8$(e of &"%ope$n #o onis$tion s8ept ove% .*%i#$. King Leopo ' II of Be gium :1835- 1909, %. 1865-1909) be#$me $#ti(e in Congo in 1;76. His $mbition to de(e op $ so-#$ e' Aphi $nth%opi#A p%oBe#t m$te%i$ ise' in $ p%o#ess o* st$te *orm$tion, but this 8$s o(e%shadowe' @) int%igues $nd tensions %es" ting *%om the te%%ito%i$ %$#e bet8een Ceste%n powe%s $nd Leopold's own men in the *ie d. 6n ) $ de#$de $*te% this %$#e beg$n, $t the Be% in Cong%ess in 1884- 1885, 8$s $ *ina sett ement $dopte' in the *orm of the Congo +%ee ,t$te, o* 8hi#h the king of the Be gi$ns be#$me the7$ most7"nass$i $@ e sove%eign. In the $st !"$%te% of the nineteenth #ent"%) tensions bet8een ibe%$ $n' #onse%($ti(e *orms of gove%nment inf uen#e' inte e#t"$ i*e e(e%)8he%e in &"%ope $nd g$(e %ise to st%ong de@$te bet8een $'(oc$tes o* *%ee t%$de $nd supporte%s of #oloni$ ism. -
Annual Report: 2000
ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVIST AND THE STATE HERALD 2000 - 2001 DEPARTMENT OF ARTS, CULTURE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NATIONAL ARCHIVIST 2000 – 2 0 0 1 Cover photograph: Unveiling of South Africa's new national coat of arms by President Thabo Mbeki (right) on Freedom Day 27 April 2000. The two archival images used in the cover and text design were selected to grace the homepage of the National Archives of South Africa's new website, launched in 2001. In combination, the images are intended to reflect the rich diversity of South Africa's documentary legacy of its past. The manuscript image depicts the Resolutions of the first meeting of the Council of Policy of the Dutch East India Company held on board the ship Drommedaris on 30 December 1651. It is regarded as the oldest written record of government in South Africa, and therefore the starting point of public archives in the traditional sense. (Archives of the Council of Policy, Cape Town Archives Repository, ref C1.) The pictographic image is a San rock painting on Roodezand farm, Worcester, Westem Cape, which was photographed in the early 20th century by the photographer Arthur Elliott (Elliott Photograph Collection, Cape Town Archives Repository, ref E7677.) The inclusion of this image symbolizes an acknowledgement that the documentary record of South Africa's historical past embraces materials other than textual records. These might include evidence of human activity in diverse forms including oral history and tradition, and traditional music. In terms of its statutory mandate and transformation imperatives, the National Archives actively seeks to introduce these forms into conventional archival spaces and in this way fill gaps in its holdings. -
The History of European Archives and the Development of the Archival Profession in Europe
14 American Archivist / Vol. 55 / Winter 1992 European Archives in an E\ Downloaded from http://meridian.allenpress.com/american-archivist/article-pdf/55/1/14/2748349/aarc_55_1_k17n44g856577888.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 The History of European Archives and the Development of the Archival Profession in Europe MICHEL DUCHEIN About the author: Michel Duchein is a former Inspector General of the Archives de France. For an expanded introduction see the Gallery of Contributors at the end of the issue. Abstracts in English, French, German, and Spanish follow the article. As ANYONE WITH EVEN a superficial notion monize European archival legislation and of European history would easily recognize, practices if not to unify them. Many inter- to speak of the history of "European" ar- national symposia, study sessions, and task chives and of the "European" archival forces have focused on specific problems profession is little more than an illusion and including the professional training of ar- little less than an absurdity. Despite the fact chivists and the conditions for public ac- that Europe (or at least a part of it) has often cess to archives. Despite these efforts, we achieved some kind of cultural homogeneity are still very far from any kind of archival since the Middle Ages, there has never been European Community, even within the EC. any political or legal unity, even to the small- This article will try to shed some light on est degree, between countries whose lan- the genesis and history of the evolution of guage, religion, and other cultural factors have archival theory and practice in the main Eu- much in common.