DOCSLIB.ORG

Diplosphaera Chodatii Around Payuk Lake, Manitoba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diplosphaera Chodatii Around Payuk Lake, Manitoba An investigation of the spatial distribution and inference of dispersal method in the semi-aquatic lichenised green alga Diplosphaera chodatii around Payuk Lake, Manitoba by Jennifer A. Doering A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Copyright © 2017 by Jennifer A. Doering ABSTRACT The spatial distribution of haplotypes within the lichenised green alga Diplosphaera chodatii was investigated by collecting specimens from the inflows, lake, and outflow of Payuk Lake, Manitoba. Rock scrapings were cultured showing the presence of free-living Di. chodatii and seven additional algal taxa on rocks near the lichen thallus. The Internal Transcribed Spacer of ribosomal DNA (ITS rDNA) and β-actin genes were sequenced for phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses showing similarity to one another, but neither corresponded to geographic location suggesting high levels of gene flow. Haplotype variation was investigated with respect to four landscape hypotheses to infer the mode of dispersal, which supported the Wind (ITS) and Hydrology (β-actin) hypotheses. This is the first study to provide evidence that Di. chodatii is dispersed by wind and water, and free-living Di. chodatii may aid in the potential establishment of the lichen, Dermatocarpon luridum, and other semi-aquatic lichens within this ecosystem. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Michele Piercey-Normore, for her many years of guidance and mentorship throughout this project and the many years spent in her lab. I also thank my committee members, Drs. Jim Roth and Georg Hausner, for their constructive feedback of both the project and thesis. Special thanks is given to Kyle Fontaine, whose previous research and enthusiasm fuelled the motivation of this project, and for assistance with the microscopy. I would like to give special thanks to Dr. Yolanda Wiersma and the Landscape Ecology and Spatial Analysis lab (Emma LeClerc, Emilie Kissler, Matt McWilliams, Andrew Roberts, Rachel Winsor) at Memorial University for their invaluable mentorship of advanced GIS analyses and techniques. Furthermore, thank you to Mr. Mac Pitcher for an exhilarating excursion along Salmonier Line to experience the beauty and mystique of coastal Newfoundland lichens. Thank you to the staff at the Roses Heritage Inn for their hospitality during my stay. Many thanks are given to Mohanad Zraik, Dr. Tom Booth, and Kam Chhokker for their valuable assistance in both the field and lab. Thank you to Mr. Andre Dufresne for additional help with the microscopy. I would also like to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. David Walker and Mr. Jason Northage for the use of the GIS software at the University of Manitoba. Thank you to Mr. Garry Lux (Government of Manitoba) for providing the digital elevation data of Payuk Lake/Cranberry Portage. Many thanks are given to my lab mates, both past and present, for their companionship. Thank you also to my family for their endless support. Funding was provided by Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC CGS-M), The University of Manitoba (TSMA, Dalgarno Award), and Nature Manitoba through scholarships, and through a NSERC Discovery Grant award to Dr. Piercey-Normore. iii DEDICATION Maria, a child is one of the most beautiful gifts the world has to give. You have filled my life with happiness and my heart with love; to you I dedicate this thesis. iv “There is a low mist in the woods – It is a good day to study lichens.” ~ Henry David Thoreau, 1851 v TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Dedication ...................................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix CHAPTER 1 : Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Literature Review .................................................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER 2 : Materials and Methods ......................................................................................... 37 2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................. 37 2.2 Field Collections ................................................................................................................. 37 2.3 Algal Culturing .................................................................................................................... 42 2.4 DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing ............................................................................... 43 2.5 GIS Analyses ....................................................................................................................... 53 2.6 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 56 CHAPTER 3 : Results .................................................................................................................. 60 3.1 Photobiont ITS rDNA Phylogeny ....................................................................................... 60 3.2 Photobiont β-actin Phylogeny ............................................................................................. 69 3.3 Combined ITS/β-actin Phylogeny ....................................................................................... 70 3.4 Haplotype Networks ............................................................................................................ 74 3.5 Haplotype Distribution ........................................................................................................ 79 3.6 Hydrology and Gene Flow .................................................................................................. 87 3.7 Algal Morphological Diversity ......................................................................................... 100 CHAPTER 4 : Discussion ........................................................................................................... 105 4.1 Population structure is present despite high gene flow ..................................................... 105 4.2 Total algal genetic variation was higher than expected .................................................... 108 4.3 Free-living Diplosphaera chodatii may contribute to high levels of genetic variation .... 110 4.4 Phylogenetic incongruence may be a result of high genetic variation .............................. 113 4.5 Haplotype networks and phylogenies did not correspond to geographic location ............ 117 CHAPTER 5 : Conclusions and Future Directions..................................................................... 124 5.1 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 124 5.2 Future Directions ............................................................................................................... 127 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................................... 130 Appendix A: Environmental parameters collected at collection sites in Payuk Lake ................ 147 Appendix B: Recipe for Bold’s Basal Medium (BBM) for green algae..................................... 154 Appendix C: Workflow of hydrological modelling and spatial analyses in the LESA lab during a travel study to St. John’s, Newfoundland (April 2015) .............................................................. 155 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and β-actin primers used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. ............................................................. 46 Table 2.2. Collection sites, photobiont samples, and sequence accession numbers used in this study. Collection sites 1-34 and from Whiteshell Provincial Park (WS) were sampled in triplicate from this study. Collection sites with a letter before the number were taken from Fontaine et al. (2013). Photobiont samples D (Dermatocarpon luridum from Payuk Lake) and WS (De. luridum from Whiteshell) were collected and sequenced in this study, photobiont samples with P (from Payuk Lake) and MC (Mistik Creek) were collected from Fontaine et al. (2013). Latitude and longitude are included. GenBank Accession Numbers are indicated and a dash refers to samples that were not sequenced. Collection site numbers correspond with
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Umbilicariaceae Phylogeny TAXON 66 (6) • December 2017: 1282–1303
    Davydov & al. • Umbilicariaceae phylogeny TAXON 66 (6) • December 2017: 1282–1303 Umbilicariaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) – Trait evolution and a new generic concept Evgeny A. Davydov,1 Derek Peršoh2 & Gerhard Rambold3 1 Altai State University, Lenin Ave. 61, Barnaul, 656049 Russia 2 Ruhr-Universität Bochum, AG Geobotanik, Gebäude ND 03/170, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany 3 University of Bayreuth, Plant Systematics, Mycology Dept., Universitätsstraße 30, NW I, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany Author for correspondence: Evgeny A. Davydov, [email protected] ORCID EAD, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2316-8506; DP, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-0189 DOI https://doi.org/10.12705/666.2 Abstract To reconstruct hypotheses on the evolution of Umbilicariaceae, 644 sequences from three independent DNA regions were used, 433 of which were newly produced. The study includes a representative fraction (presumably about 80%) of the known species diversity of the Umbilicariaceae s.str. and is based on the phylograms obtained using maximum likelihood and a Bayesian phylogenetic inference framework. The analyses resulted in the recognition of eight well-supported clades, delimited by a combination of morphological and chemical features. None of the previous classifications within Umbilicariaceae s.str. were supported by the phylogenetic analyses. The distribution of the diagnostic morphological and chemical traits against the molecular phylogenetic topology revealed the following patterns of evolution: (1) Rhizinomorphs were gained at least four times independently and are lacking in most clades grouping in the proximity of Lasallia. (2) Asexual reproductive structures, i.e., thalloconidia and lichenized dispersal units, appear more or less mutually exclusive, being restricted to different clades.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Recurrent Loss of Abaa, a Master Regulator of Asexual Development in Filamentous Fungi
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/829465; this version posted November 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Recurrent loss of abaA, a master regulator of asexual development in filamentous fungi, 2 correlates with changes in genomic and morphological traits 3 4 Matthew E. Meada,*, Alexander T. Borowskya,b,*, Bastian Joehnkc, Jacob L. Steenwyka, Xing- 5 Xing Shena, Anita Silc, and Antonis Rokasa,# 6 7 aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA 8 bCurrent Address: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, 9 Riverside, California, USA 10 cDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San 11 Francisco, California, USA 12 13 Short Title: Recurrent loss of abaA across Eurotiomycetes 14 #Address correspondence to Antonis Rokas, [email protected] 15 16 *These authors contributed equally to this work 17 18 19 Keywords: Fungal asexual development, abaA, evolution, developmental evolution, 20 morphology, binding site, Histoplasma capsulatum, regulatory rewiring, gene regulatory 21 network, evo-devo 22 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/829465; this version posted November 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 23 Abstract 24 Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) drive developmental and cellular differentiation, and variation 25 in their architectures gives rise to morphological diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • One Hundred New Species of Lichenized Fungi: a Signature of Undiscovered Global Diversity
    Phytotaxa 18: 1–127 (2011) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Monograph PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2011 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) PHYTOTAXA 18 One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH1*, TEUVO AHTI2, SUSANNE ALTERMANN3, GUILLERMO AMO DE PAZ4, ANDRÉ APTROOT5, ULF ARUP6, ALEJANDRINA BÁRCENAS PEÑA7, PAULINA A. BAWINGAN8, MICHEL N. BENATTI9, LUISA BETANCOURT10, CURTIS R. BJÖRK11, KANSRI BOONPRAGOB12, MAARTEN BRAND13, FRANK BUNGARTZ14, MARCELA E. S. CÁCERES15, MEHTMET CANDAN16, JOSÉ LUIS CHAVES17, PHILIPPE CLERC18, RALPH COMMON19, BRIAN J. COPPINS20, ANA CRESPO4, MANUELA DAL-FORNO21, PRADEEP K. DIVAKAR4, MELIZAR V. DUYA22, JOHN A. ELIX23, ARVE ELVEBAKK24, JOHNATHON D. FANKHAUSER25, EDIT FARKAS26, LIDIA ITATÍ FERRARO27, EBERHARD FISCHER28, DAVID J. GALLOWAY29, ESTER GAYA30, MIREIA GIRALT31, TREVOR GOWARD32, MARTIN GRUBE33, JOSEF HAFELLNER33, JESÚS E. HERNÁNDEZ M.34, MARÍA DE LOS ANGELES HERRERA CAMPOS7, KLAUS KALB35, INGVAR KÄRNEFELT6, GINTARAS KANTVILAS36, DOROTHEE KILLMANN28, PAUL KIRIKA37, KERRY KNUDSEN38, HARALD KOMPOSCH39, SERGEY KONDRATYUK40, JAMES D. LAWREY21, ARMIN MANGOLD41, MARCELO P. MARCELLI9, BRUCE MCCUNE42, MARIA INES MESSUTI43, ANDREA MICHLIG27, RICARDO MIRANDA GONZÁLEZ7, BIBIANA MONCADA10, ALIFERETI NAIKATINI44, MATTHEW P. NELSEN1, 45, DAG O. ØVSTEDAL46, ZDENEK PALICE47, KHWANRUAN PAPONG48, SITTIPORN PARNMEN12, SERGIO PÉREZ-ORTEGA4, CHRISTIAN PRINTZEN49, VÍCTOR J. RICO4, EIMY RIVAS PLATA1, 50, JAVIER ROBAYO51, DANIA ROSABAL52, ULRIKE RUPRECHT53, NORIS SALAZAR ALLEN54, LEOPOLDO SANCHO4, LUCIANA SANTOS DE JESUS15, TAMIRES SANTOS VIEIRA15, MATTHIAS SCHULTZ55, MARK R. D. SEAWARD56, EMMANUËL SÉRUSIAUX57, IMKE SCHMITT58, HARRIE J. M. SIPMAN59, MOHAMMAD SOHRABI 2, 60, ULRIK SØCHTING61, MAJBRIT ZEUTHEN SØGAARD61, LAURENS B. SPARRIUS62, ADRIANO SPIELMANN63, TOBY SPRIBILLE33, JUTARAT SUTJARITTURAKAN64, ACHRA THAMMATHAWORN65, ARNE THELL6, GÖRAN THOR66, HOLGER THÜS67, EINAR TIMDAL68, CAMILLE TRUONG18, ROMAN TÜRK69, LOENGRIN UMAÑA TENORIO17, DALIP K.
    [Show full text]
  • <I> Lecanoromycetes</I> of Lichenicolous Fungi Associated With
    Persoonia 39, 2017: 91–117 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.05 Phylogenetic placement within Lecanoromycetes of lichenicolous fungi associated with Cladonia and some other genera R. Pino-Bodas1,2, M.P. Zhurbenko3, S. Stenroos1 Key words Abstract Though most of the lichenicolous fungi belong to the Ascomycetes, their phylogenetic placement based on molecular data is lacking for numerous species. In this study the phylogenetic placement of 19 species of cladoniicolous species lichenicolous fungi was determined using four loci (LSU rDNA, SSU rDNA, ITS rDNA and mtSSU). The phylogenetic Pilocarpaceae analyses revealed that the studied lichenicolous fungi are widespread across the phylogeny of Lecanoromycetes. Protothelenellaceae One species is placed in Acarosporales, Sarcogyne sphaerospora; five species in Dactylosporaceae, Dactylo­ Scutula cladoniicola spora ahtii, D. deminuta, D. glaucoides, D. parasitica and Dactylospora sp.; four species belong to Lecanorales, Stictidaceae Lichenosticta alcicorniaria, Epicladonia simplex, E. stenospora and Scutula epiblastematica. The genus Epicladonia Stictis cladoniae is polyphyletic and the type E. sandstedei belongs to Leotiomycetes. Phaeopyxis punctum and Bachmanniomyces uncialicola form a well supported clade in the Ostropomycetidae. Epigloea soleiformis is related to Arthrorhaphis and Anzina. Four species are placed in Ostropales, Corticifraga peltigerae, Cryptodiscus epicladonia, C. galaninae and C. cladoniicola
    [Show full text]
  • A Multigene Phylogenetic Synthesis for the Class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 Fungi Representing 1139 Infrageneric Taxa, 317 Genera and 66 Families
    A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families Miadlikowska, J., Kauff, F., Högnabba, F., Oliver, J. C., Molnár, K., Fraker, E., ... & Stenroos, S. (2014). A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 79, 132-168. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.003 Elsevier Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 132–168 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families ⇑ Jolanta Miadlikowska a, , Frank Kauff b,1, Filip Högnabba c, Jeffrey C. Oliver d,2, Katalin Molnár a,3, Emily Fraker a,4, Ester Gaya a,5, Josef Hafellner e, Valérie Hofstetter a,6, Cécile Gueidan a,7, Mónica A.G. Otálora a,8, Brendan Hodkinson a,9, Martin Kukwa f, Robert Lücking g, Curtis Björk h, Harrie J.M. Sipman i, Ana Rosa Burgaz j, Arne Thell k, Alfredo Passo l, Leena Myllys c, Trevor Goward h, Samantha Fernández-Brime m, Geir Hestmark n, James Lendemer o, H. Thorsten Lumbsch g, Michaela Schmull p, Conrad L. Schoch q, Emmanuël Sérusiaux r, David R. Maddison s, A. Elizabeth Arnold t, François Lutzoni a,10,
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Southern Blue Ridge Ecoregional Conservation Plan
    SOUTHERN BLUE RIDGE ECOREGIONAL CONSERVATION PLAN Summary and Implementation Document March 2000 THE NATURE CONSERVANCY and the SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FOREST COALITION Southern Blue Ridge Ecoregional Conservation Plan Summary and Implementation Document Citation: The Nature Conservancy and Southern Appalachian Forest Coalition. 2000. Southern Blue Ridge Ecoregional Conservation Plan: Summary and Implementation Document. The Nature Conservancy: Durham, North Carolina. This document was produced in partnership by the following three conservation organizations: The Nature Conservancy is a nonprofit conservation organization with the mission to preserve plants, animals and natural communities that represent the diversity of life on Earth by protecting the lands and waters they need to survive. The Southern Appalachian Forest Coalition is a nonprofit organization that works to preserve, protect, and pass on the irreplaceable heritage of the region’s National Forests and mountain landscapes. The Association for Biodiversity Information is an organization dedicated to providing information for protecting the diversity of life on Earth. ABI is an independent nonprofit organization created in collaboration with the Network of Natural Heritage Programs and Conservation Data Centers and The Nature Conservancy, and is a leading source of reliable information on species and ecosystems for use in conservation and land use planning. Photocredits: Robert D. Sutter, The Nature Conservancy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This first iteration of an ecoregional plan for the Southern Blue Ridge is a compendium of hypotheses on how to conserve species nearest extinction, rare and common natural communities and the rich and diverse biodiversity in the ecoregion. The plan identifies a portfolio of sites that is a vision for conservation action, enabling practitioners to set priorities among sites and develop site-specific and multi-site conservation strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Photobiont Associations in Co-Occurring Umbilicate Lichens with Contrasting Modes of Reproduction in Coastal Norway
    The Lichenologist 48(5): 545–557 (2016) © British Lichen Society, 2016 doi:10.1017/S0024282916000232 Photobiont associations in co-occurring umbilicate lichens with contrasting modes of reproduction in coastal Norway Geir HESTMARK, François LUTZONI and Jolanta MIADLIKOWSKA Abstract: The identity and phylogenetic placement of photobionts associated with two lichen-forming fungi, Umbilicaria spodochroa and Lasallia pustulata were examined. These lichens commonly grow together in high abundance on coastal cliffs in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The mycobiont of U. spodochroa reproduces sexually through ascospores, and must find a suitable algal partner in the environment to re-establish the lichen symbiosis. Lasallia pustulata reproduces mainly vegetatively using symbiotic propagules (isidia) containing both symbiotic partners (photobiont and mycobiont). Based on DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) we detected seven haplotypes of the green-algal genus Trebouxia in 19 pairs of adjacent thalli of U. spodochroa and L. pustulata from five coastal localities in Norway. As expected, U. spodochroa associated with a higher diversity of photobionts (seven haplotypes) than the mostly asexually reproducing L. pustulata (four haplotypes). The latter was associated with the same haplotype in 15 of the 19 thalli sampled. Nine of the lichen pairs examined share the same algal haplotype, supporting the hypothesis that the mycobiont of U. spodochroa might associate with the photobiont ‘pirated’ from the abundant isidia produced by L. pustulata that are often scattered on the cliff surfaces. Up to six haplotypes of Trebouxia were found within a single sampling site, indicating a low level of specificity of both mycobionts for their algal partner. Most photobiont strains associated with species of Umbilicaria and Lasallia, including samples from this study, represent phylogenetically closely related taxa of Trebouxia grouped within a small number of main clades (Trebouxia sp., T.
    [Show full text]
  • A Higher-Level Phylogenetic Classification of the Fungi
    mycological research 111 (2007) 509–547 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi David S. HIBBETTa,*, Manfred BINDERa, Joseph F. BISCHOFFb, Meredith BLACKWELLc, Paul F. CANNONd, Ove E. ERIKSSONe, Sabine HUHNDORFf, Timothy JAMESg, Paul M. KIRKd, Robert LU¨ CKINGf, H. THORSTEN LUMBSCHf, Franc¸ois LUTZONIg, P. Brandon MATHENYa, David J. MCLAUGHLINh, Martha J. POWELLi, Scott REDHEAD j, Conrad L. SCHOCHk, Joseph W. SPATAFORAk, Joost A. STALPERSl, Rytas VILGALYSg, M. Catherine AIMEm, Andre´ APTROOTn, Robert BAUERo, Dominik BEGEROWp, Gerald L. BENNYq, Lisa A. CASTLEBURYm, Pedro W. CROUSl, Yu-Cheng DAIr, Walter GAMSl, David M. GEISERs, Gareth W. GRIFFITHt,Ce´cile GUEIDANg, David L. HAWKSWORTHu, Geir HESTMARKv, Kentaro HOSAKAw, Richard A. HUMBERx, Kevin D. HYDEy, Joseph E. IRONSIDEt, Urmas KO˜ LJALGz, Cletus P. KURTZMANaa, Karl-Henrik LARSSONab, Robert LICHTWARDTac, Joyce LONGCOREad, Jolanta MIA˛ DLIKOWSKAg, Andrew MILLERae, Jean-Marc MONCALVOaf, Sharon MOZLEY-STANDRIDGEag, Franz OBERWINKLERo, Erast PARMASTOah, Vale´rie REEBg, Jack D. ROGERSai, Claude ROUXaj, Leif RYVARDENak, Jose´ Paulo SAMPAIOal, Arthur SCHU¨ ßLERam, Junta SUGIYAMAan, R. Greg THORNao, Leif TIBELLap, Wendy A. UNTEREINERaq, Christopher WALKERar, Zheng WANGa, Alex WEIRas, Michael WEISSo, Merlin M. WHITEat, Katarina WINKAe, Yi-Jian YAOau, Ning ZHANGav aBiology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA bNational Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information,
    [Show full text]
  • Lasallia Pustulata
    Copyright © 2020 University of Bucharest Rom Biotechnol Lett. 2020; 25(5): 1915-1921 Printed in Romania. All rights reserved doi: 10.25083/rbl/25.5/1915.1921 ISSN print: 1224-5984 ISSN online: 2248-3942 Received for publication, January, 25, 2019 Accepted, September, 23, 2019 Original paper In vitro antigenotoxic activities of lichens Cetraria islandica and Lasallia pustulata OLIVERA MILOŠEVIĆ-DJORDJEVIĆ1,2*, DARKO GRUJIČIĆ1, BRANISLAV RANKOVIĆ1, MARIJANA KOSANIĆ1 1University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia 2University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Genetics, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia Abstract It has long been known that lichens are popular in folk medicine due to biological activities such as antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant. Thus, in this study we aimed to investigate antigenotoxic effects of C. islandica and L. pustulata methanol extracts on cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Genome damage was determined using cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay. Peripheral blood was collected by venipuncture from healthy donors and the known mutagen mitomycin C (MMC) was used to determine antigenotoxic properties of the tested concentrations of methanol extracts from the lichens (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 µg/ml). The tested extracts dose dependently decreased MMC-induced MN frequencies, but significantly only in the highest concentrations (100 and 200 µg/ml). Both extracts dose dependently decreased nuclear division index (NDI) in MMC-treated PBLs. There were significantly lower NDI values in the treatments with all tested concentrations of both extracts, except two lowest of L. pustulata extract, in comparison to the untreated cells (P<0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography on the Limnology and Fisheries of Canadian Freshwaters No.3
    Bibliography on the Limnology and Fisheries of Canadian Freshwaters No.3 I' by H.F. Nicholson FISHERIES AND MARINE SERVICE SERVICE DES PECHES ET DES SCIENCES DE LA MER TECHNICAL REPORT No. RAPPORT TECHNIQUE N° 566 1975 Environment Enviro nnement 1+ Canada Canada Fisheries Service des peches and Marine et des sciences Service de la mer Technical Reports Technical Reports are research documents that are of sufficient importance to be preserved, but which for some reason are not appropriate for primary scientific publication. Inquiries concerning any particular Report should be directed to the issuing establishment. Rapports Techniques Les rapports techniques sont des documents de recherche qui revetent une assez grande importance pour etre conserves mais qui, pour une raison ou pour une autre, ne conviennent pas a une publication scientifique prioritaire. Pour toute demande de renseignements concernant un rapport particulier, il faut s'adresser au service responsable. • BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE LIMNOLOGY AND FISHERIES OF CANADIAN FRESHWATERS. No.3. by H.F.NICHOLSON Great Lakes Biolimnology Laboratory, Fisheries & Marine Service, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, 867 Lakeshore Road, P.O.Box 5050, Burlington, Ontario. L7R 4A6 • • .. INTROOUCTION This bibliography is the third in a continuing series and contains a further 1,000 references and the freshwater features to which they refer. Amendment lists for Nos.l and 2 of this series are included and recipients are advised to amend their copies as soon as possible. Commencing with this issue, only those freshwater features whose names and coordinates have been approved by the Canadian Permanent Committee on G~ographical Names will be included in these Bibliographies.
    [Show full text]
  • Genome-Wide Analyses of Biosynthetic Genes in Lichen
    Genome-wide analyses of biosynthetic genes in lichen - forming fungi Dissertation zu Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften vorgelegt beim Fachbereich Biowissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität in Frankfurt am Main von Anjuli Calchera aus Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt (2019) (D 30) vom Fachbereich Biowissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität als Dissertation angenommen. Dekan: Prof. Dr. Sven Klimpel Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Imke Schmitt Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universität D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Prof. Dr. Markus Pfenninger Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz D-55128 Mainz Datum der Disputation: 24.06.2020 This thesis is based on the following publications: Meiser,Meiser, A. A., Otte, J., Schmitt, I., & Dal Grande, F. (2017). Sequencing genomes from mixed DNA samples - evaluating the metagenome skimming approach in lichenized fungi. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 14881, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14576-6. Dal Grande, F., Meiser,Meiser, A. A., Greshake Tzovaras, B., Otte, J., Ebersberger, I., & Schmitt, I. (2018a). The draft genome of the lichen-forming fungus Lasallia hispanica (Frey) Sancho & A. Crespo. The Lichenologist, 50(3), 329–340, doi:10.1017/S002428291800021X. Calchera,Calchera, A. A., Dal Grande, F., Bode, H. B., & Schmitt, I. (2019). Biosynthetic gene content of the ’perfume lichens’ Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea. Molecules, 24(1), 203, doi:10.3390/molecules24010203. VII Contents 1. Abstract ......................................... 1 2. Introduction ....................................... 4 2.1. Natural products from fungi..........................4 2.2. Natural products from lichens.........................5 2.3. Lichen genomics..................................7 2.4.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reinvestigation of Microthelia Umbilicariae Results in a Contribution to the Species Diversity in Endococcus 1-23 - 1
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Fritschiana Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 94 Autor(en)/Author(s): Hafellner Josef Artikel/Article: A reinvestigation of Microthelia umbilicariae results in a contribution to the species diversity in Endococcus 1-23 - 1 - A reinvestigation of Microthelia umbilicariae results in a contribution to the species diversity in Endococcus Josef HAFELLNER* HAFELLNER Josef 2019: A reinvestigation of Microthelia umbilicariae results in a contribution to the species diversity in Endococcus. - Fritschiana (Graz) 94: 1–23. - ISSN 1024-0306. Abstract: A set of morphoanatomical characters and the amy- loid reaction of the ascomatal centrum indicates that Microthelia umbilicariae Linds. belongs to Endococcus (Verrucariales). En- dococcus freyi Hafellner, detected on Umbilicaria cylindrica (type locality in Austria), is described as new to science. The new combinations Endococcus umbilicariae (Linds.) Hafellner and Didymocyrtis peltigerae (Fuckel) Hafellner are introduced. Key words: Ascomycota, key, Lasallia, lichenicolous fungi, Um- bilicaria, Verrucariales, Pleosporales *Institut für Biologie, Bereich Pflanzenwissenschaften, NAWI Graz, Karl-Franzens-Universität, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, AUSTRIA. e-mail: [email protected] Introduction The genus Microthelia Körb. dates back to the classical period of lichen- ology when for the first time sufficiently powerful light microscopes opened the universe of fungal spores and their characters to researchers interested in fungal diversity (KÖRBER 1855). Over the time, 277 species and infraspecific taxa have been assigned to Microthelia, now a rejected generic name against the conserved genus Anisomeridium (Müll.Arg.) M.Choisy. In the second half of the 19th century also several lichenicolous fungi have either been described in Microthelia, namely by the British mycologist William Lauder Lindsay (1829–1880), or have been transferred to Microthelia by combination.
    [Show full text]